湖北省咸宁市2020高考英语阅读理解暑假练习(10)

湖北省咸宁市2020高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（10）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor （接任者）to Lawrence Summers .
The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.
“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated （献身的) teacher, and a wonderful human being.”
Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.
Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues(性别问题).
Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.
Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania. “Teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon Hackney, a former
president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You c ome to trust in her because she’s so solid.”
1. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Harvard named its 1st female president.
B. History of Harvard University changed.
C. Debates on female equality ended.
D. Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.
2. Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?
A. She is the 28th president of Harvard University.
B. She is a famous scholar from the American South.
C. She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University.
D. She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
3. Lawrence Summers held the view that .
A. women cannot achieve as much as men in management
B. women cannot hold important positions in society
C. women can match men in science jobs
D. few women make top scientists owing to genes
4. The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means .
A. approved
B. commented
C. complained
D. indicated
5. This passage probably appears in a .
A. biography
B. personal letter
C. research paper
D. newspaper report
【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD
【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】
阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, and
now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry and
potentially harming sea life.
Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the Pacific
Ocean for almost two decades. "We've been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and we
try and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key things
that we measure is COx levels. And We've been able to record this increasing quantity of
atmospheric CO, into the ocean. "Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO2 increased, more and一
more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance of
the sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular.
"As carbon dioxide dissolves in the water, or seawater in this case, it forms a weak acid,
carbonic acid," Dore explains. "And therefore, as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere goes
up and that exchanges with the surface seawater, it drives the pH down, and
makes it more
acidic."
The seawater samples Dow and his colleagues have analyzed confirm what the theory predicts.
The effect was particular striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. Dore and
his colleagues came up with two possible explanations. It could be that surface water picked up
CO2 and then moved to those depths. Or there could be a biological explanation.
"It's important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic. And it can have
negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral. It’s potentially catastrophic."
35. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Sea Life Facing Danger
B. Scientist Researching Seawater
C. Oceans Becoming More Acidic
D. Climate Change Affecting Seawater
36. With the increase of atmospheric C02，＿．
A. more corals will appear in the sea
B. the surface water is becoming warmer
C. the chemical balance of the seawater is affected
D. the pH of the ocean out here has been increasing
37. Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric
on sea life?
C0
2
a. Sea life is endangered.
b. C02 goes into the surface water.
c. The ocean chemistry is affecte
d. d. C02 levels in the atmosphere go up
e. C02 decreases the pH and makes the seawater more acidic.
A. abcde
B. dbcea
C. aebed
D. edcba
38. Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based on＿．
A. his research and analysis
B. the expectation of other scientists
C. some former theory
D. a major cause of climate change
【参考答案】35、A 36—38、CBA
【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】
阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Even while in a deep sleep, people can still learn brand new information. Sleepers soak in
new associations between smells and sounds, knowledge that lingers(逗留）into the next waking
day, researchers report online August 26 in Nature Neuroscience.
The new study is the first to show that entirely new information can get into the sleeping
mind, says Anat Arzi of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. "The brain is not passive
while you sleep. It's quite active. You can do quite a lot of things while you are asleep."
But the results don't mean that Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstand. L,
Researchers have tried but largely failed to find evidence that complicated information, such as
new pairs of words, can make its way into the brain during sleep.
Instead of trying to teach people something complicated like a new language, Arzi and her
colleagues relied on the sense of smell and hearing. As anyone who has walked by a dumpster（垃
圾车）in July knows, smells can cause a nose-jerk reaction. Catching a bad smell automatically
makes people inhale(吸气)less, reducing the size of the inhale. But。

scent of fresh bread causes
a long, deep inhale.、rzi and her team took advantage of this reaction for their experiment.
As people slept in the laboratory, the researchers delivered pleasant scent, such as shampoo.
As this nice smell got into the sleepers' noses, the researchers played a particular music. Later, a
disgusting smell, such as rotten fish or meat, was paired with a different music. Neither the smell
nor the sound woke people up. After just four exposures to the smell-music pair during a single
night, the sleepers started to automatically respond to the tones without the accompanying smells,
taking in bigger breaths when the shampoo-associated tone played and smaller breaths when played
the sound linked to the rotten fish smell.
This new learned association lingered into the next waking day, too. Even though the sleepers
had no idea they had been exposed to smells or sounds, their behavior proved that their brain had
actually learned something during sleep. As before, the shampoo sound stimulated a long, deep
inhale, while the rotten fish tone caused more shallow breaths.
43. We can infer from the passage that
A. while sleeping, we can learn whatever we want to learn
B. we will increase the size of inhale if we catch a pleasant smell
C. the knowledge we learned while sleeping will be forgotten in the next waken day
D. when walking by a bakery, the fresh bread will cause a nose-jerk reaction
44. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. One can’t acquire complicated knowledge during the sleeping hours.
B. Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstand
C. Researchers have tried to find evidence that the new words can be learned during sleep.
D. Complicated information can make its way into the brain during sleep
45. How do Arzi and her team do their research? By
A. giving instructions
B. analyzing human brains
C. following the guides of others
D. doing experiments
46. In which part of a website may this passage most likely appear?
A. Culture.
B. Science.
C. History.
D. Economy.
【参考答案】43—45、BAD 46、B
【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】
阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Rockwatch一The Best Club on Earth
If you are a young person and interested in geology(地质学），then Rockwatch is the club for
you. When you join new memberships receive a Rockwatch Rox file each. This has the information
and top tips you will need to start enjoying geology. It’s designed to serve as your own field
notebook as well. In it you will find your membership card, full colour nuni-map, thumbs up
guide and fact cards.
Rockwatch Magazine: Our lively magazine is mailed to members three times a year. They can
read reports and news from around the world, and articles on everything from diamonds to
dinosaurs, earthquakes to erosion.
Rockwatch Events: With each magazine you will receive a Rockwatch events calendar. Rocky
activities suitable for families are listed and include road shows and guided walks
The Rockwatch Rock Artist:、re you an artist, or a photographer? This is your chance to
become Rockwatch Rock Artist of the year and win amazing prizes in our annual competition.
Special Offer: Rockwatch members can have specially discounted Wildlife Watch membership.
Watch is the big gest environmental action club for young people, with 100 groups across the
country. You can join both clubs together by filling in the boxes in the
membership form.
39. Rockwatch is a magazine telling about things related to
A. geology
B. agriculture
C. politics
D. economics
40. What activities are specially arranged for Rockwatch member interested in photography?
A. Guided walks.
B. Rocky activities.
C. Yearly competitions.
D. Academic workshops.
41．When applying for Wildlife Watch membership, a Rockwatch member can enjoy A. free memhership B. a special discount C. a Rock Artist prize D. guided road shows
42. You may join both Rockwatch and Wildlife Watch clubs by
A. calling the two clubs
B. applying separately
C. providing references
D. filling in one form
【参考答案】39—40、AC 41—42、BD
语法填空。

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Long ago, in a far-away place, an old tribal chief found himself terminally ill. So he called three most promising young villagers to his bedside and said, “As I 1 (leave)you soon, I hope you can do one more thing for me. Young men, you three are all 2 (usual)strong and resourceful, so I’d like you to strive to climb that high mountain we have always been worshipping 3 a sacred place. Try to reach the top and then turn back to tell me about
your findings.
Three days later, the first young man returned smartly dressed and said 4 (smile), “Lord, I’ve been to the mountaintop 5 I saw flowers of all sorts, spring water and singing birds. That’s a real nice place. ”
The old tri bal chief replied with a smile, “Son, I’ve been there before. It’s not the mountaintop 6 the foot of the mountain. You can leave now. ”
A week later, the second young man also returned. “Lord, I’ve been to the mountaintop 7 a forest of tall pine trees and vultures circling in the air. That’s a really nice place. ”
“What a pity! ”said the chief. “Son, you’ve been halfway up the mountain rather than to the summit. Now you can leave. ”
A month later, the third young man showed up in rags, his hair off-colored but his eyes clear and bright.
“Lord, I succeeded in reaching the summit. There was nothing there but the highland wind and the blue sky 8 (hang)over the land. ”
“So you saw nothing at all? Not even9 butterfly? ”
“No, Lord, noth ing. All you can see is yourself. You just feel how insignificant you are in this infinite universe 10 standing at the top! ”“Son, you’ve reached the real moun taintop. Congratulations! You will be undoubtedly made our new tribal chief! ”
【文章大意】一个部落的酋长即将病逝, 他让三个年轻人去山顶, 把看到的景色告诉自己。

三个年轻人回来之后, 给出了不同的答案, 只有第三个人的答案让老酋长满意, 并将酋长之位让给了他。

因为睿智的老酋长知道, 只有第三个人才是在坚定的意志的指引下执着攀登的人。

在坎坷的路途中, 他经历磨难, 却也磨砺了自己。

1. 【解析】am leaving / will leave。

考查时态。

由soon可知, “I”即将离开, 应用一般将来时, 或用现在进行时表将来。

2. 【解析】unusually。

考查副词。

修饰形容词(strong)应用副词。

3. 【解析】as。

考查介词。

把那座高山视为圣地。

as意为“作为”。

4. 【解析】smilingly。

考查副词。

修饰动词(said), 应用副词。

5. 【解析】where。

考查关系副词。

where引导定语从句, 修饰mountaintop。

从句中缺少地点状语, 应用where引导。

6. 【解析】but。

考查并列连词。

句意: 那不是山顶, 而是山脚。

not . . . but. . . 不是……而是……。

7. 【解析】with。

考查介词。

with=having。

8. 【解析】hanging。

考查非谓语动词。

hang和sky之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词作定语。

9. 【解析】a。

考查冠词。

butterfly是可数名词, 此处是泛指蝴蝶, 应用不定冠词修饰。

10. 【解析】while。

考查连词。

句意: 当你站在山顶的时候, 你只能感觉到在无穷的宇宙中, 你是多么渺小! while当……时候, 引导时间状语从句。

语法填空。

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A couple had been married for over 60 years. They shared everything, talked about everything and kept no secrets 1 each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 2 she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.
He’d never thought about it ever since. One day 3 woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldn’t recover. To sort out their affairs, the husband took down the box and 4 (bring)it to his wife’s bedside. She agreed it was time that he should know 5 was in the box.
6 (open)it, he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $ 25, 000. He asked her about the contents. “When we were to be married, ”she said, “my grandma told me the secret of happy
7 (marry)was never to argue, and I should just keep quiet and make a mat
8 I got angry with you. ”
The man was so 9 (move)that he had to fight back tears. She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving! “Honey, ”he said, “that explains the mats, but what about the money? Where did it come from? ”
“Oh, ”she said, “that’s the money I made from selling10 . ”
【文章大意】本文是一个幽默故事, 说的是一对结婚60多年的老夫妇是如何度过这漫长的岁月的。

1. 【解析】from。

考查介词。

keep sth. from sb. 不让某人知道某事, 对某人隐瞒某事。

2. 【解析】that/which。

考查关系代词。

that或which引导定语从句, 修饰drawer, 且在从句中作open和about的宾语。

3. 【解析】the。

考查冠词。

特指上文中提到的the woman, 故用定冠词the表示特指。

4. 【解析】brought。

考查时态。

brought和took down是并列谓语, 表示讲述的是以前的动作, 故用一般过去时。

5. 【解析】what。

考查关系代词。

what引导宾语从句, 作know的宾语, what在从句中作主语。

6. 【解析】Opening。

考查非谓语动词。

open和he之间是主谓关系, 且和谓语动词found几乎是同时发生的, 故用现在分词表主动。

7. 【解析】marriage。

考查名词。

由形容词(happy)修饰的词应该是名词。

8. 【解析】when/if。

考查连词。

句意: ……当我生你的气的时候/如果我生你的气的话, 我就会安静下来, 做个垫子。

9. 【解析】moved。

考查形容词。

句意: 听到这些话, 老人非常感动, 难以抑制住泪
水。

moved感动的。

10. 【解析】them。

考查代词。

指代上文中的mats, 应用them。