新高考英语二轮复习课件：专题三完形填空第二节策略篇

答案：D
(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person，we usually say “sorry, 41.wrong number！” and move on.But when Dennis Williams __42__a text that clearly wasn't intended for him，he did something 43.special．
可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的面貌。
答案：C
根据首句可获取以下信息： Who：about 40，000 people What：attempt to climb Kilimanjaro Where：Kilimanjaro When：every year 以此为起点，结合第二句中的lots of waste，可以预测文章内
答案：D (2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ) The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to midMarch—__41__ six months out of
专题三 完形填空 第二节 策略篇
题型1 语篇层次题 一、辨体裁，识特点
记叙文：从近几年的高考完形填空来看，记叙文一直是考查 的重要文体。记叙文在材料组织和叙述过程中具有“双线”特点， 即情节线和情感线。情节线：文章往往以第一或第三人称进行叙 述，描写生活中看到、听到或亲身经历的一些人物或者事实
情节等。情感线：在记叙人物或事件的过程中，作者肯定要对文 中的人物或者某一特定情节表达自己的思想情感和进行个人评论， 有时思想情感或评论并不明确说出，而是隐含在字里行间。通过 浏览全文，梳理“双线”，考生便能快速把握整篇文章的脉络和 作者的情感态度。2019年高考全国卷Ⅱ双线如下：
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ) It's about 250 miles from the hills of westcentral Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota.
(2019·高考天津卷) I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me.
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ) It's about 250 miles from the hills of westcentral Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota.来自He had __43.
41．A.keep B．mix 弄清说明顺序对理解文章细节大有裨益。
试题命制者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度出发，利用其表现出的意义的关联性或对比性这一特点来设空，掌握这些结构相似的句子可以大大提高解题的效率。
the year. 文章第一句提到大多数人收到(get)陌生人的短信时的反应，接下来讲了发生在丹尼斯身上却有着不同反应的故事，可知此处应该是丹尼斯“收到(received)”陌生人的短信。
(2019·高考北京卷)The students who he's 15.
My wallet was gone.
42．A.received
B．translated
C．copied
D．printed
解析：同义词汇复现题。文章第一句提到大多数人收到(get)陌生
人的短信时的反应，接下来讲了发生在丹尼斯身上却有着不同反
应的故事，可知此处应该是丹尼斯“收到(received)”陌生人的短信。
答案：A
四、既顾后，又瞻前 完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，半数以上的题目都是
Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that 45.lost dog.So，four days later，he called his friend Greg，and the two drove __46__． After a long and careful 47.search，Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving __48__ away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49.joy．
C．connect only
B．obviously
a clean mountain；
D．bring
故该空应和fear表达的意思相近。
解析：上文语境题。根据第一句“Every 平行结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。
repair
B．risk
year
about
40，000
people
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ) The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to midMarch—__41__ six months out of
“That's the garden in our picture，” Nicolo's son told his father...
54．A.room
B．kitchen
C．hall
D．garden
解析：词汇复现题。根据下一段的“That‘s the garden in our
picture”可知答案。
句间和语篇层次上的语义辨析。答题时要有语篇意识，注意瞻前 顾后，通读上下文，切忌自以为是。
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ) When Nicolo retired and went to live in
Sicily，he __47__ the paintings with him.He hung them above the
过去
lots of waste；damage the beauty；glaciers disappear
现在
a clean mountain；environmental challenges are still significant；efforts pay off
旨在呼吁人们去保护这一自然奇观
议论文：绝大多数议论文类完形填空在开头提出论点，然后 在余下的段落或文字里进行阐述或提出分论点。议论文类完形填 空的三要素(论点、论据和论证)一般有序地分布在引子、正文、 结论部分。
容的发展思路：众多游客登山造成乞力马扎罗山的污染问题，那 么接下来一定是对上述问题进行说明和论述，最后得出结论。由 此我们可推测出本文体裁为夹叙夹议文。
三、溯根源，查复现 在完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。复
现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词复现、同义复现、反义复现 和代词复现等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯， 有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文 章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现来选择正确的答案。
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They __41__ with them lots of waste.The __42__ might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing，changing the __43__ of Kilimanjaro.
the year. attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞
C．details D．ingredients
力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来了很多垃圾。 even
B．ever
C．once D．already
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one __50__ as lost in the local paper.
2．隐性情感线：show mercy for the lost dog→felt troubled by his behaviour→be glad to know someone cared about the dog
夹叙夹议文：该类文体在高考完形中的占比较高。在阅读该 类文体时，无论议论部分在叙述之前、之后或边叙边议，务必要 把二者结合起来，要顾及事件与论点的关系，要能从平淡的论述 中读出其中深刻的收获或哲理。如2019年高考全国卷Ⅰ讲述了乞 力马扎罗山环境的变化。
called
B．copied
42．A.stories
B．buildings
C．crowds
D．reporters
解析：上文语境题。联系上文中的about 40，000 people可知，这
些人群有可能破坏这个地方的美。
答案：C
43．A.position
B．age
C．face
D．name
解析：上文语境题。联系上文中的“The glaciers are disappearing”
same table he had 48.moved from Turin...
47．A.held
B．left
C．registered
D．brought
解析：根据上文中的“When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily”
及下文的“He hung them above the same table...”可知，他把两幅画
1．显性情节线：saw a trembling dog alongside the road→tried to coax the dog but frightened it to run off→search for the lost dog→call the lost dog's owner→put the dog on a flight to Michigan
说明文：该类完形填空最显著的特点是： 1．开头点题，语篇在最开始就交代出要说明的事物或现象。
2．说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(先后顺序等)、空间顺序(从 局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外等)、逻辑顺序(前因后果，先 果后因，先主后次等)、认知顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体 到抽象，由现象到本质等)。弄清说明顺序对理解文章细节大有裨 益。
总之，辨别了文章体裁之后，依据各种体裁的成文手法，结 合语篇的具体内容，就可大大提升筛选正确答案的概率。
二、开篇句，着重看 完形填空的首句是考生了解文章大意的关键和窗口，是全文
的中心或主题所在。因此，考生在做题时，要认真读懂首句或者 前几句，要重视首句与下文的逻辑关系，这样才能更好地解答完 形填空题。
(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ) ...He bought a book and was
53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the
same chair in the same __54__ as his father's painting.
和那个餐桌都从Turin带到了Sicily。
答案：D
(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ) It's about 250 miles from the hills of westcentral Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota.During the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers 41.thought about the small dog he had seen 42.trembling alongside the road.He had __43.tried to coax(哄)the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44.run__off．