2021年上海中考英语一模专题汇编专题06 B篇完形填空 (逐题详解版版)

B篇完形填空
B.（2021年徐汇区一模）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
Dan and Michelle sat at a picnic table in the park on a beautiful fall afternoon. The air around them was filled with the sounds of children playing, dogs barking and people laughing. But Dan and Michelle ____45____ the sounds around them and focused on the task they had set out to complete.
They wanted to start a school garden at Jefferson Middle School. It was actually Dan’s idea. He had first seen a school garden when he went to visit his cousin in Washington. He was amazed at the ____46____ of fruits and vegetables the students at his cousin’s school grew. Dan thought it was the best part of the week. He loved putting on his boots, getting outside and seeing all the new things that had happened.
When Dan returned from his trip, he told Emily and Michelle all about what he had seen. Now the two of them were determined to come up with ____47____ to bring a school garden to Jefferson Middle School.
Dan opened his notebook and prepared to record any ideas they had for ____48____ Ms. Olly, the school headmaster, into supporting the idea of having a school garden.
“We are going to need an adult ____49____ to be in charge of the whole operation,” said Dan thoughtfully. “I think Mr. Harrison might be willing to help because he often works in his garden and he brought in a basket of tomatoes from his garden last week.”
“To get this project running, we might also need to organize a bake sale or yard sale to raise funds.” Added Michelle cheerfully.
Dan nodded and made some more notes. “My cousin mentioned that the students at his school cook meals with the vegetables from their garden. We can do something like that too. ____50____, we can measure and weigh things and follow recipe. I am sure there’s no way Ms. Olly could turn us down.!”
Michelle grinned, “If everything goes well, we’ll be digging in the field in no time at all!”
45. A. enjoyed B. programmed C. ignored D. recorded
46. A. price B. variety C. transport D. relationship
47. A. a plan B. a clue C. a ceremony D. a sign
48. A. tricking B. talking C. rushing D. changing
49. A. in trouble B. from abroad C. of wealth D. with experience
50. A. After all B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more
B. （2021年静安一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
You can think of a memory, as a photograph. Our brain is like an app on the phone that stores useful photographs for a long time. But it ___50___ useless photographs. Some people have always been able to recall (回想起) the smallest details about their lives. The experts are now studying Brad Williams and a woman named A.J. The two share the same talent. The goal of the study is to gain a deeper ___51___ of memory and how it works.
Dr. James found 51-year-old Williams’ memory to be ___52___ perfect. He can usually tell you what he did on a certain date 40 years ago. He can also recall what was in the news. He can even tell you what the weather was
. like.
Dr. James had seen this level of ability before. In 2006, he studied a woman named A.J. She too was able to
recall tiny details from her life. These details ___53___ notes she had written in journals decades earlier.
However, they view the ability differently. Williams enjoys having his memory tested. A.J however, said her
memories often flood her mind in an unpleasant way. “Most have called it a gift, but I call it burden,” A.J wrote. “I
run my entire life through my head every day and makes me ___54___!!!”
Now, doctors are testing Williams and A.J. They want to know what sets the two apart from others. Williams
and A.J. both perform well. But they perform best on topics that interest them. This fact causes doubt among some
scientists. They suggest that Williams and A.J. are not so special ___55___. Some scientists say that people with
truly special memories should be able to remember all kinds of information, not just what interests them.
Dr. James hopes that his study will provide answers for both those who doubt and those who surprise at what
Williams and A.J. are able to do. “The human brain is the most important machinery in the known universe,” he
said. “My aim is to decrease the mystery of this surprising machinery.”
50 A. gives up B. gets rid of C. picks up D. keeps off
51. A. confidence B. entrance C. speed D. understanding
52. A. rarely B. exactly C. nearly D. mainly
53. A. created B. recorded C. added D. matched
54. A. crazy B. excited C. flexible D. pale
55. A. after all B. at present C. in the end D. at a time
B.（2021年杨浦区一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage.
Shawn and his class were working on a new assignment. They were writing persuasive（劝说的）articles. When Shawn first learned about the assignment, he was ____45____ . Shawn disliked writing articles, and he wasn’t sure how to go about planning and writing a powerful article that would persuade someone to do something. So he asked Mr. Matthews for extra help planning his article.
Mr. Matthews suggested that Shawn begin by selecting a _____46_____ that was important to him. Shawn
wanted to be on the football team, so he decided to write a paper explaining why he should be on the team.
___47___, Mr. Matthews suggested that Shawn list the strongest and best reasons that would persuade people.
When Shawn had listed his reasons, he was ready to start writing.
Shawn began with his main point—that he should be allowed to be on the football team.
Then, he explained why he should be on the team, using the reasons he had listed. After that, he wrote the
___48___ -end of the paper. After Shawn had his draft（草稿）finished, he was ready to revise what he had
.
written.
Shawn read the paper to himself and to his parents. His mom and dad suggested ways and ideas that he could revise the paper to make his arguments stronger. Then, Shawn read the paper again. This time, he ___49___ a few ideas himself. After the revision was finished, it was time to edit.
Shawn read the paper ___50___ to be certain that he had spelled everything the way it should be spelled. He also checked his paper for grammatical mistakes.
The paper was written well enough that Mr. Matthews gave him a very good grade. The football coach read Shawn’s paper, too, and was so convinced by Shawn’s reasons that he permitted Shawn to work with the team!
45. A. relaxed B. unhappy C. confident D. embarrassed
46. A. hobby B. team C. topic D. character
47 A. Next B. In addition C. However D. As a result
48. A. plots B. details C. title D. conclusion
49. A. reported B. thought of C. arranged D. focused on
50. A. aloud B. properly C. carefully D. immediately
B.（2021年长宁区一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage.
Do you want to help save the sea turtles? There are several ways to do so.
The first way is to turn off the lights near the beach. When sea turtles hatch, they head for the water. They use light from the moon to find their way. But electric lights ___50___ the baby turtles. They head away from the water toward the electric lights on land. This leads to injury or death. ___51___, female turtles can’t nest on beaches with lights. So turn off the lights at the beach when it is safe to do so.
Sea turtles are wonderful to look at. You may really want to observe or even touch one. This is a ___52___ idea. An adult turtle may bite at you. Also, you will disturb the nesting site. You may harm the eggs and step on young turtles. So give the sea turtles plenty of ___53___.
Another way to help is to keep beaches clean. All sea animals, including turtles, can get caught in trash on the shore and in the water. Plastic bags and other trash may also be eaten by sea turtles, often resulting injury or death.
There are many ways in which you can make a ___54___ in the lives of sea turtles. Organize a class clean-up at your local beach. Settle chemicals you use in your home ___55___ because these can find their way to the water. Tell others about these wonderful animals and teach them how to help the sea turtles.
50. A. train B. confuse C. frighten D. protect
51. A. By the way B. On the other hand C. In fact D. In addition
52. A. terrible B. surprising C. wonderful D. fresh
53. A. freedom B. time C. space D. length
54. A. living B. difference C. mistake D. decision
55. A. properly B. clearly C. slowly D. exactly
B. （2021年虹口一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语选项完成短文)
Arrest Report Sheet
NAME OF SUSPECT (嫌疑犯): Mr. John A. Berry
___61___ FOR ARREST:
●Use of bad language in a public place.
●Wasting a police officer's time.
●Damaging property and causing ___62___ to the public.
●There was something I didn't like about him.
DETAILED REPORT OF THE EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE ARREST
The suspect came into Mean Street Police Station at 4:37 p.m. on Wednesday, February 15th, claiming (声称) to have lost his car. Of course, this story did not satisfy a police officer like myself, and I ___63___ started to question the suspect. After about 45 minutes, he changed his story, claiming that the car had been stolen. Something about this story, too, ___64___ extremely unlikely and I refused to accept it.
The suspect kept telling his story. Luckily, I took a useful and ___65___ training course last weekend. So I used the active questioning skills from the course to get the real truth out of him.
When he finally ___66___ under my questioning, he admitted that he had parked his car in a no-parking zone, and then blown it up(爆炸). I have not yet worked out why he did this; my theory is that he is a mentally ill terrorist who sees parking rules as a symbol of everything he hates most in modern society.
Signed
Detective—Inspector Philip E. Morris
61. A. REASONS B. CAUSES C. SUGGESTIONS D. EXCUSES
62. A. excitement B. surprise C. danger D. variety
63. A. politely B. immediately C. suddenly D. correctly
64. A. looked B. tasted C. felt D. sounded
65. A. noisy B. boring C. comfortable D. enjoyable
66. A. broke down B. woke up C. shut up D. calmed down
B. （2021年普陀区一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
If you live on the streets with little food and money, what will you do with a bag filled with snacks and nearly ￡500 in cash in front of you? To most people, it would be a source of temptation(诱惑). Something that happened last month has made the actions of the homeless Roy Kaufman out of the ordinary.
Roy saw a ___61___ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down. He stood guard in the rain for
.
a long time waiting for the owner to ___62___. Because of the coldness, he reached inside and pulled the bag out. He hoped to find some cards with its owner’s name or phone numbers so that he could ___63___ the driver. But he only discovered it contained some bars of chocolates and ￡435 in notes, with another ￡50 in spare change beside it.
He then took it to a nearby police station after leaving a note behind to let the owner know it was ___64___. When the car’s owner Mr. Anderson returned to the car, he was shocked to find two policemen standing next to it and he was told what Roy Kaufman did.
Mr. Anderson was later able to thank Mr. Roy for his ___65___ and said, “I couldn’t believe that the man never took a penny. The man has nothing and yet he didn’t take the money for himself. He thought about others instead of himself. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are ___66___ men out there. “
Roy Kaufman’s act drew much of the public’s attention He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson posted about the story on Facebook.
Now Mr. Anderson has set up an organization to raise money for other homeless people in the area. For Roy Kaufman, this is a possible life-changing chance. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.
61. A. report B. bag C. list D. symbol
62. A. apologize B. drop C. investigate D. return
63. A. contact B. reward C. refuse D. greet
64. A. strange B. lost C. safe D. empty
65. A. encouragement B. support C. kindness D. opinion
66. A. generous B. honest C. poor D. polite
B. （2021年闵行一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Every culture has set rules about how people should act. Patterns of good behavior, or manners, show respect and care for others. Yet the details of ___45___to express respect are so different.
Greeting people cheerfully is almost always considered polite. But it's more important in some cultures than others. For example, when you enter a store in France, you should always greet the person working there. Other cultures also ___46___greeting people. But of course the greetings vary as people speak different languages.
When I was growing up in the United States, I once took part in a performance at my church. Afterwards, someone gave me compliment, but I felt like I had done a bad job. So I tried to refuse the compliment, saying "No, I didn't do that well." My mother stopped me and told me that was very ___47___. Later I learned that refusing a compliment is accepted in China.
Some of the biggest cultural differences have to do with ___48___. In North America, it's polite to eat as quietly as possible. That means chewing with your mouth closed and not slurping your soup. The same goes for burping(打嗝). But in parts of Asia, slurping shows that you are enjoying your meal. And burping is a sign of being full and content.
There are also differences in how people eat across cultures. ___49___, in North America and Europe people use forks to bring food to their mouths. But in Thailand, a fork is only used to push food onto a spoon. In India and the Middle East, people eat with their hands. But eating with the left hand is frowned upon. This is because the left hand is considered unclean.
Yet there are also similar points across cultures. Saying "please" and "thank you" is almost always polite. If you show appreciation and try to ___50___local customs, people will generally respond well. Showing kindness can bring people together, no matter what culture they come from.
45. A. what B. how C. when D. where
46. A. mind B. avoid C. imagine D. value
47. A. rude B. simple C. common D. accurate
48. A. family parties B. table manners C. fashion tastes D. instruction signs
49. A. What's more B. In short C. For example D. Above all
50. A. change B. develop C. follow D. mention
B.（2021年嘉定一模）Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage.
Some people volunteer to gain experience. Some people volunteer to make themselves feel better. Some people volunteer to help those who were ____45____ . However, I volunteer to thank my community. I am thankful for the help I received from others.
When I was in high school, I took part in the Upward Bound Program. Through Upward Bound, I was able to gain skills and opportunities that have helped me become the man that I am today. So I now often give back to enable kids to have the same ______46______ at life that I have had.
V olunteering is the best way to thank those who helped me on the road to success. I remember asking a counselor（顾问）when I was in Upward Bound how I could repay him. He smiled and said, "Shawn, you can help me by helping others." A sentence so simple, yet so___47___in its meaning.
When I got my first volunteer position as a junior counselor at my local Boys and Girls Club, I was eager to be a great role model for kids. But things did not work out as I thought at first. I got so ____48____ .
By the time I was ready to_____49_____ , the kids looked for me everywhere that day. They said they liked having me around.
My desire to give back to the community came back. Now the feeling that I can shape someone’s life for the better is amazing.
So it is a good idea for everyone to find a(an)____50____and volunteer. In this way, not only will you be helping others, you will be helping yourself as well.
45. A. active B. honest C. unfortunate D. helpful
46. A. chance B. courage C. decision D. stress
47. A. strange B. deep C. funny D. different
48. A. excited B. disappointed C. satisfied D. proud
49. A. turn up B. wake up C. give up D. put up
50. A. example B. cause C. excuse D. solution
（2021年松江区一模）Choose the best words and complete the passage
选择最恰当的单词完成短文
Amy and Susan both live an average life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family. There is really nothing ___70___ about their lives, but there is also nothing really negative(负面的)about their lives.
However, when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan. It looks like nothing can ___71___ Amy. She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.
Susan can't stop thinking about this. How is Amy so happy when they both lead such ___72___ lives? They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, and even have the same schedules! How can Amy be so carefree when life is so stressful?
Between one's daily life and personal dreams, there is no way one can be so happy and stress free all the time. There are always a million things going on.
But when Susan asks Amy about this, Amy says, "I just take life as it comes. It seems pretty easy then."
So what is the ___73___ between these two friends? How is it that Amy's life seems so much better most of the time?
The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin(试图同时干太多的工作). Not ___74___, but in her own head. But although Amy tries to do everything at once and think about everything at once, she takes everything one step ___75___. She is where she is, stays present in the moment and allows herself to focus on just one thing.
When you live each moment to its fullest, when you deal with where you are and are present in the now, most of your stress will go away.
70. A. boring B. common C. special D. disappointing
71. A. attract B. trouble C. change D. encourage
72. A. similar B. successful C. traditional D. wonderful
73. A. link B. relationship C. contact D. difference
74. A. physically B. rarely C. correctly D. suddenly
75. A. on time B. for the time being C. at a time D. from time to time
B.（2021年宝山一模）Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage.
Most people hate change, which is sad since we often go through changes in life. And for some of us, even the Smallest changes can upset our day. So, the question is: Why do most of us find making adjustments（调整）to our lives so hard?
Why we dislike change
Fear of change is ___50___ new. Over a century ago, people in Paris were unhappy over an unusual addition to their city: the Eiffel Tower. In fact, the citizens were so angry about the plans for the tower that they were against its construction（建造）. As strange as it may seem, their anger was completely ___51___. They were given no choice about the huge change that was going to be made, so they became angry. But we get upset over changes even when we do have to a say in the matter. Changes are brought about every day by the decisions we make: which school to attend, which job to take. V oluntary（出于自愿的）changes also make most of us uneasy because we don’t know how those changes will ___52___ our future.
How we can overcome our fear of change
People have discovered that the key to overcoming the fear of change is to be flexible. When people are flexible, they can ___53___ new situations more easily. Being flexible is especially important in the 21st century as technology makes change occur faster than ever before. Those who were against change, especially with technology in the workplace, may end up finding themselves out of a job.
When change comes, and you have no choice but to ___54___ it. A positive（积极的）attitude helps a lot. In fact, the change may turn out to be the best thing for you. That new job you got may end up being much better than your old one. You may make the best friends of your life in the new city you moved to. ___55___, don’t just focus on how you feel about change. You should learn to accept the change. The change is the reality and it’s up to you to decide whether the change will be a success or a failure. You never know—your next change may be your life’s Eiffel Tower!
50. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
51. A. important B. natural C. unusual D. ordinary
52. A. assist B. reward C. affect D. arrange
53. A. be aware of B. get used to C. be interested in D. get rid of
54. A. forget B. make C. face D. refuse
55. A. However B. What’s more C. Besides D. Therefore
B.（2021年浦东新区一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage.
One night before bed, Christine Carter was sitting with her daughter in her bedroom. They were making a list: “Three Good Things of the Day”. Her daughter said, “Mom, chatting with you is one of my three good things.” Making a list was their way to think of things they were ____45____ for. It’s a skill in the research of happiness.
,
Carter is a professor at the University of California. She studies how schools and families build up positive attitudes and help kids lead ___46___ lives. This has become especially important during the coronavirus pandemic （新冠病毒引发的流行病）. Many kids have missed important events. Some even have lost people in their lives.
Finding the positive things sometimes doesn’t mean people won’t be sad any more. You’ll find it natural to feel sad but it passes more ___47___ if we notice the good things in life. “This is really about mental health,” Carter says. “We can practise bringing happiness to ourselves. It’s like putting money in the bank. We can deal with hard times in the future.”
Expressing thanks is also important. Carter says, “Let’s say you often argue with a brother or a sister. Think about whether they did something good for you or with you. Remember the good times. This makes it likely you’ll ___48___ better tomorrow.”
A key step toward happiness is learning how to describe emotions, even negative ones. It’s better to face your emotions than to ___49___ them. Ask yourself: “How do I feel? Where in my body am I feeling it? Does it have a color or a shape?”
The surest way to happiness is ___50___. “Helping others gives life purpose because you are changing the world.” Carter says, “Besides, people have a sense of connection and satisfaction. We are comfortable when we’re connected with other people.”
45. A. sorry B. ready C. famous D. thankful
46. A. richer B. healthier C. busier D. freer
47. A. quickly B. patiently C. strongly D. heavily
48. A. go out B. get along C. show off D. grow up
49. A. disturb B. forgive C. operate D. ignore
50. A. entertainment B. ambition C. kindness D. freedom
B. （2021年奉贤一模）Choose the words and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词，完成短文）
Dogs bury bones. Squirrels gather nuts to last through the winter. Camels store food and water so that they can travel many days across deserts. But do pigs save anything? No, pigs save nothing. So why do we save coins in a piggy bank? Because someone made a mistake.
During the Middle Ages（中世纪）, in about the fifteenth century, metal was ____45____ and seldom used for household wares（家用器具）. Instead, dishes and pots were made of a kind of economical clay called pygg. Whenever housewives could save an extra coin, they dropped it into one of their clay jars. They call this their pygg bank or pyggy bank.
Around the eighteenth century, the spelling of pygg changed. The word ___46___ the same as the word for the animal pig. Over the following 200 to 300 years, people ____47____ that pygg meant the clay. And the term "pygg jar" gradually changed into pig bank, or piggy bank.
In the nineteenth century, when English potters received requests for piggy banks, they misunderstood. They
produced jars shaped like a pig. ___48___, the pigs became popular among customers and delighted children.
Another reason for the name "piggy bank" is ____49____ the idea that the coin given to the piggy bank represent the food fed to a pig by a farmer. It costs the farmer money to feed the pig and he doesn't ___50___ until the pig is slaughtered（屠宰）for meat, which is known as "breaking the piggy bank."
Today, pigs are still one of the most popular forms of coin banks sold in gift shops.
45. A. cheap B. expensive C. heavy D. light
46. A. looked B. smelt C. sounded D. felt
47. A. forgot B. forgave C. remembered D. realized
48. A. Importantly B. Suddenly C. Sadly D. Certainly
49. A. similar to B. based on C. famous for D. made of
50. A. turn it over B. take it away C. get it back D. work it out
B. （2021年金山一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或短语，完成短文)
Most people have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many foreigners know about the Grand Canal. This man-made waterway—known in China as DaYunhe —is 1,700 kilometers long and some parts of it are more than 2,000 years old. It _____45_____ the north of China with Hangzhou, a city in the southern part of the country. It's the longest man-made waterway in the world.
It was built as a _____46_____ to transport grain from the rich agricultural land in China's south to cities in the north. In fact, it's not one canal, but a system of canals and rivers linked ______47______. It's still an important part of the transport system in China.Thousands of boats use it every day to transport grain and many other types of cargo.
Now the Chinese government is doing new work on the Grand Canal.It is making parts of it _______48_______, so bigger ships can use it. The canal will also help to move water. There is a lot of _____49_____ in the south of China, but not (as much) in the north. The canal will carry millions of liters of water from the south to the north.
The Grand Canal is much _____50_____ than the Great Wall, and not very many tourists visit (it). But it's possible to go on a cruise along some of the oldest parts of the canal. Passengers on these cruises see beautiful parts of China that other visitors don't see.
45. A. compares B. connects C. controls D. communicates
46. A. result B. trick C. way D. sample
47. A. together B. instead C. along D. forward
48. A. cleaner B. prettier C. longer D. deeper
49. A. food B. population C. rain D. electricity
50. A. smaller B. narrower C. less modern D. less famous
B. （2021年崇明一模）Choose the words and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词，完成短文）
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animals is under attack, it can run away or ___45___. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they have no teeth or claws. But plants can protect themselves by using both physical and chemical means（方法）.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals ___46___. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp points that discourage（打消；阻止）grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more sharp points than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are ___47___ for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have special ways to discourage leaf-eating animals. They have thick and hard leaves that are ___48___ for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses down the animal's teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against a(n) ___49___ by increasing the production of these chemicals. When an insect bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger（信使）. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the insect.
Many plants ___50___ both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for example, has sharp leaves, and each sharp leaf contains poisonous venom（毒液）. A single experience with this kinds of plant will teach an animal not to eat the leaves of it in the future.
45. A. calm down B. come back C. fall asleep D. fight back
46. A. away B. warm C. safe D. crazy
47. A. sweeter B. easier C. bigger D. greener
48. A. important B. convenient C. difficult D. delicious
49. A. attack B. illness C. storm D. flood
50. A. pay for B. learn from C. search for D. rely on
B. （2021年黄浦一模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (12分)
The National Gallery in London has introduced an “art route” that people must follow round the gallery. Are set routes actually a better way to enjoy museums and galleries? Or should people be ____75____ to view exhibitions in any order they choose? What do you think-are set routes better?
Yes-people will get more from their visit
Experts spend years learning about the items in their museums and galleries. They know the best order in which people should see the exhibits, so that visitors can enjoy and learn about them. ____76____, if there was an exhibition of a painter, the works could be arranged to show visitors how their style developed through their career. If a person is on an art route, they won't ____77____ any important pictures, and will be guaranteed to see everything. The experience will be enjoyable for the visitor, and they will have their own space in which to appreciate great works.。