2020届洛阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2020届洛阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
As is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment. However, a new study provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. At that period, dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.
Johann Klages, a German geologist, was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journalNature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.
The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about12°Cto13°C. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Although no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.
The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.
4. What can we learn about the sediment collected?
A. It formed in the age of dinosaurs.
B. It was found on theAntarcticaland.
C. Ancient forest material was found in it.
D. Some dinosaur remains were found in it.
5. How did the researchers reach their findings?
A. By analyzing the Earth sediment.
B. By exploring ice inAntarctica.
C. By collecting data on climate.
D. By researching special plants.
6. What can be indicated in the last paragraph?
A. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
B. Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.
C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.
D. Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.
B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.
C. Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.
D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.
C
Dogs are often referred to as “man's best friend”. But MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗), who was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog competition, is making the world a better place for humans and animals alike. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make great contributions to society.
This year's competition attracted over 400 competitors from across the country. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who won the judges' hearts. Born at a rescue shelter in Hilton, New York, in 2013, she had a cleft palate (腭裂) that required her to be tube fed for the first year of her life. A life-saving operation, performed in 2014, gave her the ability to eat and drink independently, enabling the tiny dog to focus on doing what she loved most: taking care of others.
The seven-year-old Chihuahua is now gainfully “employed” by the Mid Foundation, a Rochester, New York-based non-profit organization that shelters and cares for animals born with disabilities. MacKenzie's official job is “to provide love and care for baby rescue animals born with birth defects”. The Chihuahua is good at her job and hasnurturedmany different species-from puppies to kittens to turkeys, squirrels, birds and even a goat. She
acts as their mother and teaches them how to socialize, play, and have good manners.
In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also has the important job of greeting the foundation's volunteers and friends. The incredible dog, who has lost her ability to bark, also visits area schools to help children understand physical disabilities in both animals and people. Her heart-warming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie worthy of America's top dog honor!
8. What made MacKenzie American Hero Dog?
A. Being man's best friend.
B. Her struggle with disabilities.
C. Rescuing animals with disabilities.
D. Her contributions to a better world.
9. What can we infer about MacKenzie from Paragraph 2?
A. Her growth path was not easy.
B. She was deserted by her owner.
C. She was operated on at two years old.
D. She still needs taking care of by others.
10. What does the underlined word “nurtured” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Trained.
B. Comforted.
C. Tended.
D. Abused.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. MacKenzie—The Most Hard-working Dog
B. MacKenzie—America's “Most Heroic Dog”
C. Chihuahua—Inspiration of Positive Energy
D. Chihuahua—Appeal for Animals' Protection
D
Thereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.
Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.
I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me to do what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.
I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.
I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.
Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about
myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.
Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.
12. What was the author born to do according to the text?
A. Be a basketball player.
B. Act and perform.
C. Make speeches.
D. Teach people.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Chance.
B. Energy.
C. Days.
D. Laughter.
14. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?
A. To help others find their talents.
B. To prove his decision was right.
C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.
D. To encourage people to set a goal.
15. What can be the best tile for the text?
A. Success Lies in Hard Work.
B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.
C. The Two Important Days in Life.
D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Scientists often see the first ten years of a child's life as the "window of opportunity,"___16___And studies show that the following activities can benefit their brain greatly.
___17___
Free playtime has always been an important part of "being a kid",but it is also important to a child's development."Free play" not only helps kids develop different skills,it also helps them develop into happy healthy adults in the future.
Read with kids.
Readinghas long been known to improve children's intelligence.___18___For parents who don't have much time, just surrounding your kids with books goes a long way too.
Put kids to bed early.
___19___Preschool children should get at least eleven hours of sleep and kids up to age 12 should try to get
at least ten hours of sleep.
Learn a second language.
Early studies in this field have shown that bilingual（双语的）kids can perform better under pressure.Young children can learn new languages with nearly perfect fluency（流利）and pronunciation.
Praise good effort not intelligence.
Your kids may be smart but you should mainly praise the effort they put into tasks.Kids,who are praised on intelligence,often feel it is a fixed quality,and mistakes or failures badly hurt their self-confidence.Kids who are praised on effort often focus more on learning.___20___
A. Play some helpful games.
B. Give them enough playtime.
C. And they are not afraid to fail and try again.
D. Kids still need time away from the TV to do homework.
E. Kids who read often develop earlier writing and number skills as well.
F. Everything at this time is very important to the development of a person's brain.
G. Studies show that kids with regular bedtimes are better at languages,math and reading.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
A man was traveling in the mountains and stayed in a hotel for the night. He was a great fighter and spent his lifetime fighting for freedom. He was___21___that in the hotel there was a beautiful parrot in a golden cage, continually___22___“Freedom!” The man thought, “I have seen many parrots, and I believe they all want___23___, but I have never seen such a parrot whose whole day is spent in___24___its dream.” Suddenly, he had a(n)___25___. In the middle of that night, when the hotel owner was___26___, he got up and opened the door of the cage. He___27___to the parrot, “Now get out.”
Then,he was very___28___. The parrot was clinging (抓住) to the bars of the cage. He said to the bird again and again, “Have you___29___about freedom? Just get out! The door is____30____and your owner is asleep; nobody will ever____31____. You just fly intothe sky; the whole____32____is yours.”
The parrot was clinging so deeply, so____33____that the man said, “What is the matter? Are you____34____?” He tried to take the parrot out with his____35____, but the parrot started pecking (啄) at him, and atthe same time it was still shouting “Freedom!” However, the man was also____36____. He pulled the parrot out and____37____it into the sky. He was very satisfied____38____his hand was hurt.
In the morning, when the man was____39____, he heard the parrot shouting again. He thought perhaps the parrot was sitting on a tree or on a rock, but when he came out, the parrot was sitting in the____40____. The door was open.
21. A. tired B. amazed C. disappointed D. embarrassed
22. A. reading B. writing C. singing D. repeating
23. A. freedom B. sisters C. punishment D. friends
24. A. putting forward B. talking about C. making up D. shouting out
25. A. rest B. seat C. idea D. duty
26. A. asleep B. foolish C. busy D. careless
27. A. cried B. whispered C. called D. screamed
28. A. happy B. relaxed C. sad D. surprised
29. A. worried B. talked C. forgotten D. heard
30. A. new B. open C. locked D. small
31. A. agree B. recognize C. blame D. know
32. A. house B. sky C. roof D. yard
33. A. hard B. fast C. excitedly D. directly
34. A. glad B. crazy C. painful D. upset
35. A. foot B. head C. hand D. back
36. A. brave B. strange C. stubborn D. grateful
37. A. looked B. threw C. carried D. lifted
38. A. therefore B. unless C. since D. although
39. A. showing up B. coming back C. cheering up D. waking up
40. A. cage B. box C. room D. hotel
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
My aunt Carmeleta was___41.___wife of my mother’s youngest brother Fred. Even though my uncle Fred died many years ago and Aunt Carmeleta is now married to Ken, I still consider her my aunt.
Everyone should have a___42.___(wonder) aunt like Aunt Carmeleta. When I was a child, I lived with her for 2 years. Like a lot of___43.___(teenager), I had problems with people who talked negatively about me. I was troubled by such___44.___(annoy) things. If this has ever happened to you, you’ll understand___45.___(deep)
how painful it is.
I’d talk to Aunt Carmeleta about these hurtful things and she would always say, “Just be yourself. ” This was great advice! In fact, it’s been some of the best advice I___46.___(receive) since I could remember. I learned not everyone is going to like you and that’s OK. Just be___47.___(you).
When my husband Bill met Aunt Carmeleta___48.___the first time, he questioned, “How could anyone be so nice and so real?” But he has found out the___49.___(true) through the years. I’ve never forgotten Aunt Carmeleta’s advice “Just be yourself.” We need more people in this world____50.____give great advice and are kind and caring like Aunt Carmeleta.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误.每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单同的增加.删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的问用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的问。

注意:
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:
只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I am a book lover. I can read by myself at the age of four. Last year, I decided to participate a volunteer weekend reading program. I still g here once a week to help kids learn to read. The kids are sitting in the library , but I can see in their eye that they are going on a differently journey with each new book. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction that I see the look of joy on our faces. Volunteering is a dream come true to me. I can do what I love to do and to help other people in need at a same time.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John因不善于和别人交流，感到非常苦恼，于是来信向你求助。

请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.劝他不必苦恼；
2.就如何改变提出建议。

注意：
1.词数80左右；开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear John,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________
All the best
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
16. F 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. C
试题分析：
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32.
B 33. A 34. B 35.
C 36. C 37. B 38.
D 39. D 40. A
41. the
42. wonderful
43. teenagers
44. annoying
45. deeply 46. have received
47. yourself
48. for 49. truth
50. who
51.(1).can→could (2). 在participate后加in (3). here→there (4). eye→eyes (5).differently→different
(6). that→when (7). our→their (8). come→coming (9). 去掉help前的to (10).a→the
52.略。