2020届成都石室中学初中学校高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020届成都石室中学初中学校高三英语一模试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Lost cities that have been found
The White City
In 2015, a team of explorers to Honduras in search of"the Lost City of the Monke God"led to the discovery of the White City. They found the ruins in the Mosquitia region of the Central American country which is known for poisonous snakes, vicious jaguars and deadly insects. It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors(征服者) occupied their homeland in the16th century.
Canopus and Heracleion
Modern researchers were teased by the ancient writings about the Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion-where Queen Cleopatra often visited. But the cities weren’t found until 1992, when a search in Alexandria waters found that the two cities had been flooded for centuries. Artifacts(史前器物) showedthat the cities once highly developed as a trade network, which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt. Machu Picchu
A Yale professor discovered "the Lost City in the Clouds"in 1911. A combination of palaces, plazas, temples and homes, Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule. The city, which was abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons,was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries keeping it so well preserved.
Troy
The ancient city of Troy in homer's The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild. But in 1871, explorations in northwestern Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other, the earliest dating back to about5,000 years before. It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake, not a wooden horse.
1.Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century?
A.To survive the war
B.To search for a lost city.
C.To protect their country.
D.To avoid dangerous animals
2.Which of the following was related to a royal family member?
A.The White City
B.Canopus and Heracleion
C.Machu Picchu
D.Troy
3.What can we learn about Troy?
A.It was built by Homer.
B.It consisted of nine cities
C.It had a history of 5,000 years
D.It was ruined by a natural disaster.
B
Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep our brains clear out the memories we’ve made while we’re awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.
They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep period — or active sleep when we are thought to dream — special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period, while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.
The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory — that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.
When asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Prior to this
work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.
4. What can we infer from paragraph 1?
A. Forgetting is a passive process.
B. The forgetting process is known to us.
C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.
D. Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.
5. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. REM sleep patterns.
B. Past researches.
C. MCH neurons.
D. A range of functions.
6. Why did Kilduff’s team conduct the research?
A. To publish the study in the journal Science.
B. To know more about Alzheimer’s disease.
C. To contribute to human’s forgetting.
D. To explore our everyday lives.
7. What can we know about MCH?
A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns .
B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.
C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.
D. MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.
C
Even as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.
“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.
The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and
sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.
In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.
Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.
The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.
8. According to Chris Urmson, __________.
A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humans
B. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderly
C. software and sensors are vital for self-driving cars
D. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars
9. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.
A. many traffic accidents are caused by human error
B. some people can’t drive because of illness or age
C. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the future
D. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams
10. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.
A. given
B. claimed
C. awarded
D. prohibited
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?
A. Objective.
B. Indifferent.
C. Subjective.
D. Favorable.
D
To Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a
pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.
He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. A teacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.
Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.
Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It was the co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.
Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.
Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.
After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...
12. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?
A. His brother’s losing the job.
B. His serious health problem.
C. His father’s sudden death.
D. His mother’s leaving the country.
13. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. Force.
B. Direct.
C. Encourage.
D. Accompany.
14. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?
A. He wanted his brother to study further.
B. His father asked him to leave school.
C. He had lost interest in most lessons.
D. He had to go out to find his mother.
15. What will the writer mainly talk about next?
A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.
B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.
C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.
D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Deal With Stress
Life can be stressful；sometimes you'll have to deal with ongoing stress positively. It is important to recognize the causes.____16____.
Get enough sleep.
Give your body the sleep it wants, and your stress levels will take a nosedive（下降）. Sleep is a mechanism by which your body recoversand restores its energy reserves.____17____, your body will use stress to keep you active and alert in the absence of stored energy.
Exercise regularly.
Targeted exercise goes a long way towards freeing your body of stress hormones and increasing your endorphin（内啡肽）levels.____18____. By doing so, you can keep your body healthy as a natural outlet（释放）for your stress. You should notice the difference.
____19____.
Although you could technically consider yoga your daily exercise, practicing the deep stretches andslow body movements will help you to clear your mind. Meditating while practicing gentle yoga will double the relaxation effect to ease your stress.
Learn to relax.
Relaxing your body, by whatever natural means, is a great way to reduce stress. Don't expect your stress to immediately disappear；it can take time. In most cases, try not to fix on the stress itself while you're relaxing. Think of something quiet and peaceful or think of nothing in particular.____20____.
A. Clear your mind
B. Practice yoga and meditation
C. If you're not getting enough sleep
D. If you are feeling much too pressured
E. Take steps to deal with the root of the problem
F. Set aside time during your busy day to exercise
G. Let your body tell your mind that everything is okay.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had___21___an invitation to speak on a conference panel (专家组). It would look great on his CV (简历). I was___22___for him, of course. I had been a(n)___23___partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. Yet I hadn’t been___24___, and I wasn’t sure why.
Growing up, I had been taught that the way to___25___was to put my head down and work hard. If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be___26___. This, coupled with a natural___27___, meant that I___28___worked up the nerve to put myself forward. However, I decided that I need to___29___my life again — by becoming my own biggest_____30_____.
So, with my_____31_____beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to_____32_____me. My mind flooded with a list of well-practiced_____33_____. Maybe I didn't deserve it. Maybe I was being too_____34_____. But my colleague immediately contacted the organizers, who quickly agreed to_____35_____me to the panel. I’ve come to understand that I can't be recognized for my work if I’m invisible. This isn’t a revolutionary_____36_____, I know, but as an introvert (内向的人) this is my_____37_____Mount Qomolangma.
I think advocating for myself will always make me a little_____38_____. But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to_____39_____I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. I suppose I can do the same for my_____40_____
21. A. turned down B. lacked for C. referred to D. led to
22. A. thankful B. happy C. sorry D. ready
23. A. legal B. mental C. equal D. special
24. A. invited B. promoted C. informed D. dismissed
25. A. practice B. success C. power D. reality
26. A. observed B. protected C. attracted D. rewarded
27. A. shyness B. warmth C. kindness D. sweetness
28. A. quietly B. frequently C. rarely D. completely
29. A. make sense of B. take control of C. pay attention to D. find fault with
30. A. advocate B. promise C. harvest D. sacrifice
31. A. brain B. bone C. heart D. stomach
32. A. question B. include C. serve D. withdraw
33. A. get-together B. background C. self-doubt D. breakthrough
34. A. stubborn B. proud C. nervous D. ambitious
35. A. add B. send C. report D. track
36. A. test B. idea C. visit D. plan
37. A. personal B. professional C. skeptical D. traditional
38. A. unreasonable B. dishonest C. uncomfortable D. discontent
39. A. figure B. predict C. record D. ensure
40. A. health B. colleague C. education D. career
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Scientists have discovered that___41.___(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight. Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fat — the type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm. Brown fat burns energy,___42.___helps us lose weight. White fat stores extra energy, which results___43.___weight gain. The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant,___44.___(comfort) temperatures, our body’s need for brown fat has decreased. They found that outdoor workers in Northern Finland who are___45.___(expose) to cold temperature have___46.___significant amount of brown fat when___47.___(compare) to same-aged indoor workers.___48.___group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat. This group later gained 30% less weight after both groups were fed high-fat diets. The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity. People who are obese have___49.___(low) levels of brown fat than thinner people. Head researcher Hei Sook Sul said,＂This protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases.＂She added,＂If you can somehow increase levels of this protein, you could___50.___(possible) lose more weight even if eating the same amount of food.＂
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Thanks for your concern in your letter about the smog which frequent strikes some areas of China. I'm also very worrying about such a terrible weather. It has brought much inconvenience or rather harm to people's health such as road accident, bad coughs and even lung cancers and so on. It is known to all, good environment comes from careful protection. But we should do what we can protect it. I believe a small step can make a different. Try to drive less and choose air-friendly products. Only when everyone had the environmental awareness can we have a blue sky. Hope to hear from you and share my good ideas.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.你校英语俱乐部邀请David教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。

假设你是该活动的主持人李华，请用英语写一份讲座主持开场白。

内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.介绍David教授；
3.听讲座要求。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.开头己给出，不计入总词数。

Ladies and gentleman,
May I have your attention please?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
16. E 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. G
21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. D
41. staying 42. which 43. in 44. comfortable 45. exposed 46. a 47. compared 48. One 49. lower 50. possibly
51.(1).frequent→frequently
(2).worrying→worried
(3).将a划掉
(4).accident→accidents
(5).It→As
(6).But→So
(7).can后加to
(8).different→difference
(9).had→has
(10).my→your
52.略。