2019-2020学年浦东中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案

2019-2020学年浦东中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Obesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.
Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.
The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.
If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.
The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.
There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.
Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.
1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.
A. obesity does not do harm to health.
B. there are more obese children than before.
C. all the American children are obese.
D. there are less obese children in the USA.
2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?
A. How to avoid obesity.
B. How to live in the busy USA.
C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.
D. How doctors treat heart problems.
B
Why do you check social media? Is it to keep up with everything that your friends and family are doing? Is it to find new trendy spots to eat?Regardless of the reason, you may find yourself with different degrees of envy or discomfort after a quick look at your phone. Then you might be suffering from a phenomenon known as “Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). ”
While the phenomenon of FOMO can be traced back for centuries, it had never been the issue as it is today, causing widespread discussion and research. This rise in checking social media is naturally connected to the increasing leading position that social media holds over our lives. Every time someone opens their WeChat Moments, Facebook, Twitter... etc. , they are bombarded with the highlight reels of other peoples' lives. A sunny beach, delicious-looking food, a super cute kitten-they are all uplifting photos, yet they're very likely to bring about more unhappiness than joy. You see, the first thought to come out of your mind may be “Wow, that's so cool/delicious/cute”, but then it takes a hard U-turn. You're thinking: “I wish I were there” or “my life is so boring compared to his/hers.” The more you see, the more likely you are to have these negative feelings.
What's worse is the habit many people have of turning to social media in search of happiness when they are feeling down, not realizing that they are just going to end up in a negative cycle of endless disappointment. Montesquieu once said: “If one only wished to be happy, this could be easily accomplished; but we wish to be happier than other people, and this is always difficult, for we believe others to be happier than they are.”
FOMO will go hand in hand with dissatisfaction and envy. Appreciate what you already have, because someone else out there in the world would gladly give everything to be you.
4. What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic of the passage.
B. To explain the function of FOMO.
C. To describe the features of FOMO.
D. To give the reasons for checking social media.
5. How might people feel seeing other's perfect life through social media?
A. Joyful.
B. Admiring.
C. Comfortable.
D. Envious.
6. What can we conclude from Montesquieu's words in paragraph 3?
A. We could turn to social media for happiness.
B. We couldn't realise our dream without hard work.
C. We couldn't harvest happiness through comparison.
D. We could live better than others by showing ourselves online.
7. What is the author's attitude towards FOMO?
A. Indifferent.
B. Objective.
C. Doubtful.
D. Hopeful.
C
36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.
Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.
Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.
With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level high enough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona half marathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.
8. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?
A. Because he has no desire for anything.
B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.
C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.
D. Because many of his organs have been removed.
9. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?
A. His parents’ support.
B. A walk with his dog.
C. The idea of challenging himself.
D. His quick recovery from surgeries.
10. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?
A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.
B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.
C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.
D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.
11. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?
A. Ambitious and intelligent.
B. Inspiring and responsible.
C. Unfortunate but determined.
D. Confident but stubborn.
D
It might have been Jimmy Kimmel, or any other sharp-tongued talk show hosts of late-night TV. In this instance, it was Samantha Bee, stating her opposition to childhood vaccinations humorously. “Who are you going to believe?” she asked. “Leading authorities on medical science, or 800 comments on your cousin’s Facebook page?”
Joking about science can have serious effects, according to studies by communication scholars. Accordingly, since 2013, Paul, a psychological professor, has conducted studies of how satire (讥讽) can influence people’s beliefs about science, which have shown that if you want to interest people in science and shape their views on hot-button science issues, satirical humor can work better.
Many Americans pay little attention to science. Even people who regularly watch TV news receive only scraps of science information in their media diet, because mainstream media outlets devote so little airtime to the subject. On top of that, some Americans may regard science as inaccessible.
Yet satirical humor can reach viewers who would never watch NOVA or read — well, National Geographic. Millions of people watch late-night television programs live, and videos of these shows get millions of views on streaming services. In 2016, a vote conducted by the University of Delaware Center indicated that nearly one in 10 said they learned about science from late-night television shows.
Late-night hosts may occasionally poke fun at scientists. More often, however, the hosts promote a positive image of science. By making science entertaining to audience with little knowledge of the topic, late-night television could spark science engagement. Furthermore, the researchers concluded that satirical shows had the biggest impact among the least educated viewers, thus helping to narrow a gap in attention to science. Though late-night satirical humor can boost science interest and awareness, it has its limits. Science is complex, and conveying that complexity in a few minutes while telling jokes can be a challenge.
12. What does Paul’s studies of joking about science indicate?
A. It may do serious damage to science.
B. It can effectively popularize science.
C. It totally changes people’s attitude to science.
D. It will shift people’s attention from entertainment to science.
13. Why do TV watchers receive a little science information?
A. Because they enjoy watching entertainments.
B. Because science is not easy to come up with.
C. Because they find no interest in science issues.
D. Because science is scarcely seen on mainstream media.
14. What do we know about the late-night shows involving science?
A. The hosts get used to playing tricks on scientists.
B. The hosts’ aim is to build a positive image of science.
C. Education gap can be bridged through late-night shows.
D. Science participation can be promoted among their viewers.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards combining science with satire?
A. Critical.
B. Objective.
C. Positive.
D. Negative.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Do you ever walk out of a room with an idea in your head, only to discover moments later that it's gone? 1f so, don't worry: it's a very common experience.___16___
The problem is often caused by "event boundaries".___17___They make you believe that a particular mental task is over.
Tests have proved that we're much more forgetful when we move from one location to another.___18___It's because anything that seems like the end of a task — closing a study book, finishing a phone call, taking a cake out of the oven — can have the same effect. Within seconds, much information in your mind has disappeared.
___19___First, stop telling your brain that its work is done. This can be as simple as leaving a book open instead of putting it back on the shelf. Second, create clues to carry with you across any unavoidable event boundary. Notice when these end-points are coming up, and spend a moment improving your memory.
If possible, say the key points out loud: the job you're walking off to do in the next room, for example, or the
plans you've just made on the phone. We actually know memory depends on imagery. ___20___ Every day you're faced with event boundaries that may restrict your recall. But by avoiding them when you can,and disguising them when you can’t, you'll find that much less of your learning gets lost.
A.But here's how to fight back.
B.So picture the details you want to keep.
C.Many of us don't know how to deal with it properly.
D.These are what your memory uses to stop remembering.
E.And scientists believe that we can explain and approach it.
F.But the same happens when we go from one activity to another, too.
G.And only in this way can we overcome event boundaries successfully.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项How do you present yourself to the world? If you are a person of inferiority (自卑), you willthink that others will___21___you. However, the___22___is that the person who devalue you most in the world is yourself.
A few years ago, I met a girl at Claremont:___23___outline and ordinary-looking. But when you get together with her, you always feel the sun — the breath from her heart overflows self-confidence and___24___.
A friend couldn’t___25___asking, “Why are you so confident?” The girl laughed, “There is a___26___in my room.”
At the corner of her room is a mirror.___27___out from the mirror, her body can appear to be slimmer than itself. Moreover, the image of the mirror and the light makes her face look___28___.
Before going out every day, she___29___to the mirror, “This is my image in the eyes of others!” Every day she goes out with good____30____and smile to others. Then she gains more self-confidence from others’____31____glances.
The girl says, “I know that my image is not good enough, but if we bury ourselves in self____32____, we will be more gray. I don’t! I want to look my best!”
____33____she is, all she wants to see is the image in the mirror. So she never____34____others’ looks, and always looks at others____35____.
A philosopher in the east once said, “with brass as a mirror, you can dress yourself; with history as a mirror, you can know the rise and____36____; with people as a mirror, you can know gain and loss.” And with a____37____in your heart, you can identify yourself.____38____, the mirror is not only in the girl’s room, but
deeply____39____in the girl’s heart. How you present yourself to others is the way others____40____you.
21. A. look down upon B. look into C. look up to D. look after
22. A. purpose B. matter C. fact D. reason
23. A. thin B. high C. short D. fat
24. A. pressure B. optimism C. bravery D. relaxation
25. A. help B. bear C. keep D. stand
26. A. secret B. model C. photograph D. note
27. A. Shining B. Looking C. Making D. Moving
28. A. uglier B. paler C. softer D. rounder
29. A. points B. turns C. waves D. smiles
30. A. health B. mood C. makeup D. care
31. A. annoying B. frightening C. admiring D. pleasing
32. A. reliance B. anger C. punishment D. pity
33. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whoever
34. A. controls B. escapes C. rejects D. approves
35. A. eagerly B. willingly C. confidently D. shyly
36. A. death B. ruin C. fall D. balance
37. A. mirror B. light C. way D. sight
38. A. Instead B. Additionally C. However D. Actually
39. A. covered B. stamped C. folded D. exposed
40. A. respect B. assist C. present D. see
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Tianjin is an important stop on one of the eight major bird-migration routes___41.___Nouth Asia to Australia, and many species rest in Beidagang’s coastal area before flying to Australia or New Zealand. The birds will return to Tianjin on their northward migrations that go as far___42.___the North Pole. Beidagang Wetland___43.___(cover) nearly 350 square kilometers, including an area of about 115 sq km, in the southeast of the Binhai New Area. The wetland is essential for the birds’ breeding and growth. “Without it, they may be in danger during their migrations,” experts say.
Beidagang Wetland Management Center deputy director Sun Baonian says they’ve made great efforts to
improve rare — bird protection in recent years.___44.___total of 1,347 Oriental storks have been identified in the wetlands,___45.___(account) for nearly 45 percent of I he species’____46.____(globe) migration population, he says. They prefer to nest in high trees and buildings. Since Beidagang doesn't have enough high trees, the center has set up 20 artificial nesting areas on poles, 13 of___47.___have been used by the waterfowl (水禽). And 17 chicks were born in the wetlands late last year.
The center also offers “homes” for volunteers and tourists, who come to learn more about wetland protection and enhance their___48.___(aware) about how to protect the wetlands and birds.
The project___49.___(support) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature since 2012, following a high-level meeting in South Korea. In 2016, the IUCN encouraged China____50.____(apply) for UNESCO status for the sites.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\ )划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Traveling had become increasingly popular over the years. Perhaps one of the big reasons is that it makes people feel refreshed. Other reason is that it allows us to escape our lives. Sometimes, what our mind really need is a break from the same atmosphere. When we travel, more often than not, we will spend great deal of time outdoors, that is the best medicine for a mind locked indoors for most of the time. But traveling allows us to adopt to new perspectives. Strange enough, it's when we take a break from our problems that they sometimes manage to find solutions to them.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

In one of my Management classes in college, I sat in the same seat in the front every day. Every single day I sat there. Then one day I found myself sitting next to some foreign guy who hardly spoke English. His name was Albert. The most advanced thing that I had heard him say in English was: “Wow, my muffin(松饼) is really good!”.
This guy also had a habit of stacking(堆放) every item he owned in the exact space I sat. His bag,his food, his
books, and his phone were always right on my desk space. Then every single time I walked into class, Albert would greet me with a broad smile: “Ah, Tom. You’re here. Okay,” and start wildly clearing my desk of his belongings. He then made it a habit to say “Ready for class, yeah?” and gave me a high five. Every morning the guy sitting next to me would give me a high five.
I was always annoyed with this guy. I was thinking: “Dude, you know I sit here in this seat every day. Why are you always stacking your stuff(物品) here?” And the last thing I wanted to do was give a guy who hardly spoke my language high fives at 8 in the morning! Just get your stuff off my desk!
But today I came to class and was a few minutes late. I was standing outside the classroom because I had to send a quick text. But through the door out of the comer of my eye, I could see my space—Of course, the usual—my desk was filled with Albert’s belongings!
As I was standing there on my phone, I noticed another guy who was also late walking into the class before me and trying to take my seat since it was closest to the door.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The new guy caught Albert’s eye immediately.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ It was then that I realized this guy wasn’t putting stuff on my seat to annoy me.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B
16. E 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. B
21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. D
41. from
42. as 43. covers
44. A 45. accounting
46. global 47. which
48. awareness
49. has been supported
50. to apply
51.(1).had→has (2).big→biggest (3).Other→Another (4).need→needs
(5).在great前加 a (6).that→which (7).But→And (8).去掉to (9).Strange→Strangely (10).they→we
52.略。