(完整word版)非谓语动词导学案

非谓语动词（1）
1.形式：动词不定时(doing），动名词(doing）,分词（doing 和 done ）
2.导入:
练:1。

）Mrs。

White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed
D. borrowing
2.）With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money o ut of the bank ________ presents for my dad.
A。

buy B。

to buy C。

buying D. to have bought
3。

） I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term。

A. completing
B. to complete C。

completed D. being completed
4。

) The living room is clean and tidy， with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked。

A。

laid B。

laying C. to lay D。

being laid
5。

) It rained heavily in the south, ______ serious flooding in several provinces. A。

caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
6.） I had great difficulty _______ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant。

A。

find B. found C。

to find D. finding
7. ）Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories。

A。

amused B. amusing C. to amuse D。

to be amused
8。

_______ the city centre， we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
A。

Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D。

To be approached
9。

That is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students’
bathrooms.
A。

reducing B. to reduce C。

reduced D. reduce
10。

______ at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A。

Looking B。

Look C. To look D. Looked
一．动词不定式的用法
判断下面不定式在句中的成分
1.To finish the work in ten minutes is difficult. （）
2。

He wants to go abroad. （）
3。

My dream is to become a singer。

( ）
4。

Mother got me to go to the shop and buy some salt。

( ）
5. I have some clothes to wash。

（）
6。

He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. （）结论: 不定式在句中可以充当__________________________________________.
I．不定式做主语：
不定式做主语可直接放于句首,但很多情况下，用______做形式主语（尤其在疑问句和感叹句中）常见句型：1。

）1)It is + adj。

+for sb /of sb+to do sth。

常用介词for 的词_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
常用介词of 的词有_______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2。

)It is + n + to do sth.意思是_______________________________
常见名词_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(3） It takes/needs/requires+ sometime/sth。

+to do意思是：_______________
ⅱ做宾语
1.（2005天津卷) I don't want _________like I’m speaking ill of
anybody，but the manager’ s plan is unfair。

A。

to sound B。

to be sounded C. sounding D。

to have sounded 2。

(2006北京卷）I can’t stand _________ with Jane in the same
office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works.
A。

working； stopping B。

to work； stopping
C. working; to stop D。

to work; to stop
有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。

常见的动词有:
determine/ decide, learn, want, expect/ hope / wish， refuse, manage， care， pretend, offer, promise， choose, plan， agree, ask/ beg， help, afford， happen， wait， threaten, fail， demand, like, hate， begin， forget, remember, prefer等
口诀：
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮
注意:除了做……以外别无选择_____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:
•tell， advise， show, teach, find out, decide, discuss， learn, explain…
你能告诉我怎样才能解决这个问题吗?
___________________________________________________________？
C. 用it作形式宾语如：
S + think / feel / believe/ consider 等 + it + adj + to do
ⅲ。

不定式作宾语补足语：
1。

(2007北京卷） -Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?
—Just a minute。

I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.
A。

show B。

shows C. to show D. showing
2。

(2008上海卷） Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced _____their homes。

A。

leaving B. to leave C. to be left D。

being left
1).带to做宾补的动词：即动词/ 动词词组 + sb + to do:
ask， tell, advise, allow， enable, expect, force， get， cause, encourage, forbid，intend, prefer, require， remind, like, order, teach， want， invite, wish, beg, persuade, call on, depend on……
2) 不带to的不定式：（主动不带to，被动还原to）
口诀: 吾(五)看三室（使）两厅（听)一感觉,即___________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
ⅳ不定式作表语：
• A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。

•B。

表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性.
•C。

表示情态意义(应该，必须)。

ⅴ.不定式做定语:
A。

一般表示将发生的情况，放在名词后与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系
注意：1。

如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系,而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有必要的介词。

e。

g. There is nothing .（worry）
2。

不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发生的地点或所使用的工具时，它后面要带上必要的介词。

e。

g. I need a pen to__________ （write).
B。

用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all， any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。

e。

g。

He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
C。

被修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有:ability, chance, idea, excuse， promise, answer， reply， attempt， belief， way, reason， moment, time 等
What is the way you can think of __________________(solve） the problem？
练：ⅵ1. （2008上海卷）If there’s a lo t of work ______， I am happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B。

to be doing C. done D。

doing
2。

(2007 全国卷I）-The last one ________ pays the meal。

-Agreed!
A. arrived
B. arrives
C. to arrive D。

arriving
ⅵ.不定式作状语
1)不定式作目的状语强调作目的状语的不定式, 常用in order (not) to，so as （not） to 短语.前者可放在句首，也可放在句中;后者只能放在句中.
e.g。

Tim sat near the fire to get warm。

2）。

不定式作结果状语常用于一些固定搭配中,如:too …to， enough to, only to,never to，so + 形容词/副词 + as to， such + 名词+ as to do引导。

3）某些形容词作表语，表示喜怒哀乐,后跟不定式做原因状语
e。

g I'm glad to hear the good news。

ⅶ.用作独立成分的不定式
必背
to tell you the truth 说老实话 to begin with 首先 so to speak 可以这么说 to be sure 诚然，固然ⅷto be exact 精确地说
to do him justice 说句对他公道的话 to be honest 老实说
to make a long story short 长话短说 to say nothing of 姑且不说
to be frank 坦率地说 to be brief 简言 to conclude 总而言之
不定式的否定式是在______________________________
不定式的主要形式
不定式的省略
当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时,常可省略动词原形保留不定式符号 to，但当 to 后是 be 或 have 时，则要保留到 be 或 have
—————-—Do you want to give a talk on that subject?
—--—————I prefer not to
He didn’t come ， but he ought to have.
完成下列练习
1。

我决定再学一门外语.
I decide _______ a second foreign language。

2。

明天将要讨论的问题是一个很重要的问题。

The question ____________ tomorrow is a very important one。

3。

据报道他已经出国了.
He is reported ________________ .
4. 他假装正在睡觉。

He pretended ____________ 。

5. 据说小偷已经被警方抓捕。

The thief is said ________________________
用适当形式填空
1。

Without anything ________ (eat)， he died of hunger.
2。

I gave Tom some books __________（read）。

3。

Do you have anything ________（say） on this question？
4. He is hard ________.(talk）
1. (2007 辽宁卷）The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang， who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race。

A. breaking B。

having broken
C。

to have broken D。

break
2. （2005江苏卷)—Is Bob still performing？
—I'm afraid not. He is said___ the stage already as he has become an official.
A。

to have left B。

to leave
C。

to have been left D. to be left
3。

(2006湖北卷）AIDS is said ______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years。

A。

that it is B。

to be
C. that it has been
D. to have been。