20152016学年高中英语unit3ScienceandnaturePeriodone课时作业牛津

Unit 3 Science and nature
Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．Science is developing faster than we can ________ think about it.
2．However，________ general the scientists were praised ________ their wonderful scientific advance.
3．Instead，he thinks research efforts should concentrate ________ creating new tissues and organs that can be used to cure diseases like cancer.
4．Cloning human embryos ________ the intention of destroying them shows no respect ________ human life.
5．Some scientists are already pushing ________ with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.
6．China has succeeded ________ producing clones of cows and goats，and continues to research ways ________ which cloning can benefit mankind.
7．If we toy ________ nature，we will have to deal with the consequences.
8．I would like to comment ________ your article，“The perfect copy”．
9．When reading articles about science，we often come ________ difficult scientific terms.
10．For this reason，I also don’t accept the idea of clo ning humans—mankind is not ready ________ this.
Ⅱ.佳句翻译与仿写
1．On the one hand，some scientists point out that....On the other hand，many people，including some scientists，disagree and are afraid that...
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ 仿写：一方面，天然气造成的污染较少；另一方面，天然气仍比其他能源便宜。

________________，natural gas causes less pollution； _________________________，natural gas is still cheaper than other energy resources.
2．The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ 仿写：那是那年上演的第一场戏。

________________________________________________________________________ 3．China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ 仿写：宇航员们按计划成功地从月球返回到地球。

The astronauts __________________________________________________________ according to the plan.
4．If I were the President of Italy，I would think about taking away his licence.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ 仿写：如果我有这个机会，我就会立即克隆她以便我又能和她在一起。

______________________________________ so that I could be with her again.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Do you think it would be a good idea to clone humans________？
A．some a day B．another day
C．the other day D．some day
2．If I________the chance，I________a cloned baby right now.
A．have；will have B．have；would have
C．have had；will have D．had；would have
3．Severino Antinori，an Italian physician，________that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.
A．declares B．declared C．has declared D．had declared
4．In China，scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals，as well as cloned tissues________in medical treatment.
A．used B．using C．to be used D．being used
5．China has________clones of cows and goats，and continues to research ways________cloning can benefit mankind.
A．succeeded to produce；that
B．managed to produce；which
C．succeeded in producing；in which
D．managed in producing；/
6．There are many children________with no parents________would be delighted to have a mother.
A．on the world；they B．on the earth；which
C．in the world；who D．on earth；that
7．I think the scientific advances________in your article are fantastic!
A．mentioning B．mentioned
C．being mentioned D．to mention
8．I am in complete agreement with human cloning.________，scientists________moral ideas for centuries.
A．Above all；have challenged
B．First of all；are challenging
C．After all；have been challenging
D．In all；had challenged
9．On a________note，cloning would totally transform my life.
A．private B．public C．own D．personal
10．You will often be amazed to discover________confused you at first makes sense upon further readings.
A．that it B．what that C．that what D．what it
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Space tra vel is definitely bad for astronauts’ bones，reducing their bone density(密度)after only a month of weightlessness，according to a French research published on Friday.
Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St. Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity，after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.
“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts，”the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.
They measured the bone mineral density(BMD) of bones in the forearm(前臂)and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.
The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨)of the lower leg，a weight­bearing bone，but barely changed in the radius(桡骨)of the forearm.“Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones，but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton(骨架)are similarly affected by space conditions，”they added.
Without gravity the body isn’t bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium(钙)which makes bones strong，and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.
The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight­bearing bones on longer flights，also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.
1．French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts，because ________.
A．they only cared for the Russian astronauts
B．they were not interested in their own astronauts
C．the Russian government invited them to do their research
D．the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time
2．Scientists have found that ________.
A．the BMD loss may cause serious illness to astronauts
B．the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts’ bodies
C．astronauts shouldn’t care about the BMD loss
D．astronauts should take some calcium before space travel
3．What cause the BMD loss to astronauts according to this passage?
A．The food they eat in space.
B．The drinks they take in space.
C．The temperature in space.
D．The gravity in space.
4．In the third paragraph，the underlined word “striking” means ________.
A．unusual B．simple C．weak D．slow
race n．竞赛；赛跑
生义：n.人种；种族；氏族
They are people of same race but different culture.
他们种族相同而文化不同。

Our nation welcomes people of all races，colors and religions.我们国家欢迎不同种族、肤色和宗教信仰的人。

答案
Ⅰ.1.even 2.in；for 3.on 4.with；for 5.ahead 6．in；in 7.with 8.on
9.across
10.for
Ⅱ.1.翻译：一方面，一些科学家指出……。

另一方面，包括一些科学家在内的很多人则持不同意见，他们担心……
仿写：On the one hand；on the other hand
2．翻译：第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。

仿写：That was the first play to be performed that year.
3．翻译：中国已经成功地克隆出了牛和山羊。

仿写：succeeded in returning from the moon to the earth
4．翻译：假如我是意大利的总统，我将考虑取消他的执照。

仿写：If I had the opportunity，I would clone her immediately
Ⅲ.1.D [some day(将来)某一天；another day改天；the other day前几天；some a day无此用法。

]
2．D [本题考查if引导的虚拟条件句与主句的时态。

表示对将来情况的假设，if从句谓语动词用一般过去时/should＋动词原形/were＋动词不定式，主句用would/could/might ＋动词原形。

]
3．C [结合上下文语境，此处应该用现在完成时，故选C项。

]
4．C [本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语的用法。

using表主动，先排除；used已被使用的；to be used将被使用的；being used正在被使用的。

句意为：在中国，科学家则把精力集中在克隆动物以及被克隆出来的(人、动植物细胞的)组织上，以便将来用于医学研究。

故选C项。

]
5．C [succeed in doing sth.＝manage to do sth.成功干某事；way作为先行词引导的定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语时，引导词用that/in which，that/in which可以省略。

] 6．C [in the world＝on earth在世界上，在人世；第二空应是who引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词是children，指人时，用who在定语从句中作主语。

] 7．B [句意为：我认为你们文中所提及的科学进展很是神奇。

advances与mention存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故排除A、D两项，mentioned表示“被提及到的(完成)”，being mentioned表示“正在被提及到的(进行)”，故选B项。

]
8．C [above all最重要的是；first of all首先；after all尽管；毕竟；in all 总计。

第二个空考查现在完成进行时，表示“多个世纪以来科学家已经挑战了道德思想，目前仍面临着挑战”。

]
9．D [on a personal note就我个人而言。

]
10．C [本题考查that引导的宾语从句作discover的宾语，宾语从句中又包含一个what 引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中作主语。

]
Ⅳ.1.D [细节理解题。

根据文章第四段的定语从句“who had spent one to six months in space”可推知此题答案为D。

]
2．B [细节理解题。

根据文章第五段第一句可推知此题答案为B。

]
3．D [细节理解题。

根据文章第六段“Without gravity...”所引起的结果，可推知此题答案为D。

]
4．A [词义猜测题。

上文提到对十五人进行研究表明在整个航行过程中骨损在继续，下文再说especially striking，可知是“特别明显”的事，因此选A。

]。