部编五年级英语阅读理解解题方法+练习题(答案解析)

部编五年级英语阅读理解解题方法
在小学英语考试中，阅读理解是考试中分值比重较大也是必考的一道题目。

阅读理解是英语中词汇、句式、语法的综合运用，是一个比较综合的题目，对所掌握的英语技能的程度要求比较高。

所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基础知识的掌握，又要养成阅读的好习惯，加强练习。

下面是英语阅读理解的解题方法及例题讲解，大家可以看下。

1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。

切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和认识。

在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词继续通读全文。

2、读完第一遍，再从头阅读。

这一遍要注意句式和语法，了解文章内容，特别是事件发生的时间，同时来猜测一下生词的含义。

3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。

这样你就可以完全了解文章
一般说来，在练习、考试中完成阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有区别的。

在练习、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。

1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。

2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个地点，发生了什么事情，这些都是你完成题目的关键信息。

3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有3种类型：(1)选择题;(2)判断题;(3)回答问题。

在这三种形式中，相对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。

完成判断题的选择题最为有效的方法，也是同学们使用最多的方法是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对照进行判断或选择。

在完成回答问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。

(一) 根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)
此类题目要求快速浏览所给图片和文字，初步把握内容，了解大意;然后细读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证;也可以先浏览题目，明确要求后再看文章，然后做出判断。

这样不但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重点，做到有的放矢。

1. 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，
My Class
I study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou. I have forty—seven classmates (同学). Twenty —three are boys and twenty—four are girls. Our classroom is a nice one. It’s very big. There are f our windows and two doors in it. We have a big blackboard and a small one. The big one is for ou r teachers and the small one is for us. Mr. Li is our Chinese teacher. He is an old man. We don’t li ke him at all. But Miss Chen, our English teacher, is a young woman. She is very nice. We all like her very much. So we like English the best. We often play basketball with Miss Li.
(1). ( ) I am a______ .
A. student
B. pupil
C. teacher
(2). ( ) There are______ .
A. Forty—eight
B. forty—seven
C. forty—six
(3). ( ) Our classroom is_______ .
A. small
B. old
C. nice
(4). ( ) There is only one_____ in our classroom.
A. blackboard
B. small blackboard
C. big window
(5). ( ) Our favorite subject is ________.
A. Chinese
B. English
C. basketball
2、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。

There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in black is Tom. Th e girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma.
Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Tom’s mother is a nurse and hi s father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future.
Jane’s mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Jane’s father i s a teacher. He teaches math very well. He is very kind and we all like him.
Emma’s family just moved into the town from countryside. Her farther used to be a farmer. He is now working in a small company. Emma’s mother is a housewife.
( ) (1) There are one boy and two girls under the tree.
( ) (2) There are only two people in Tom’s family.
( ) (3) Tom’s mother is a doctor.
( ) (4) My mother is a worker.
( ) (5) Jane’s father teaches math.
( ) (6) Emma used to live in the town.
( ) (7) Emma’s father was a farmer.
(二)根据短文内容选择正确答案。

注重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而影响对整篇文章的理解。

其实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可以根据上下文的意思推敲出来的。

因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。

然后再在理解的基础上进行分析，通过逻辑思维，做出选择，完成题目。

1. I am Mike. I am a American boy. Now I’m in China. I live in Shanghai. It’s a very beautiful cit y. I study in a school here. I usually go to school by bus. I like playing football very much. I play i t with my friends on the weekends. My mother is a TV reporter. She goes to work by subway. She likes singing very much. She often listens to music on TV. My father is a teacher. He teaches P.E. in a school. He goes to work on foot. He likes art. He often draws pictures on Saturday.
( ) (1) Mike lives in __________ now.
A. Shanghai B: Beijing C: America
( ) (2) Mike is a __________ now.
A. teacher
B. a reporter
C. student
( ) (3) Mike’s hobby is _________________
A. playing football
B. listening to music
C. painting
( ) (4) His father goes to work __________
A. by subway
B. on foot
C. by bus
2、选择填空。

Mike likes to collect stamps. He started this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last. He has stamps from China, France and Japan. But most of his stamps are from China, because he has lots of friends in China.
Mike’s stamps are of various shapes –triangle, square, rectangle and circle. His favorite shape is ci rcle. Mike puts all his shapes in several albums. To increase his collection, Mike sometimes excha nges stamps with his friends.
John is one of his friends, who also like to collect stamps. His stamps are pretty and colorful. John and Mike meet once a week. Each time they meet they will show each other their new collection.
(1) Mike’s hobby is to A. collect stamps B. make friends C. travelling D. keep albums
(2) Most of Mike’s stamps are from
A. Japan
B. France
C. China
D. Not mentioned
(3) Mike has stamps of different shapes.
A. five
B. four
C. three
D. two
(4) John is Mike’s A. father B. neighbor C. classmate D. friend
(5) How often do John and Mike meet?
A. four times a week
B. three times a week
C. twice a week
D. once a week
(三)根据短文内容回答问题。

此类题目是阅读理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它要求我们在理解的基础上进行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用词和句子结构，要避免语法错误。

1. This is RDZ, the working robot. RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村). He hel ps the family with the housework every day. He cleans the house, washes the clothes and dishes. He knows how to cook well. RDZ doesn’t eat normal(普通的) food. He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil. Do Mr. and Mrs. Spacy eat these things? Never.
RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacy’s children with their homework. This year he is teach ing them Space language. The children are very clever.
The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星). They will come back home in two days. So RDZ ha s a wonderful time. He won’t clean. He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food.
(1) Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family?
________________________________
(2) What does RDZ eat and drink every day?
____________________________________
(3) Is RDZ teaching Mr. and Mrs. Spacy’s children English?
_________________________
(4) Does RDZ have a wonderful time?
__________________________________________
(5) When will Mr. and Mrs. Spacy be back?
_______________________________________
2. My name is Wang Lin. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my little brother and I. my father is a teacher. He likes drawing pictures. He works in a school. He go es to work by bus. My mother is a nurse. She likes listening to music. She works in a hospital. She goes to work by bus. My brother is a student. Hw likes watching TV. He goes to work on foot. I li ke playing football. I go to school by bike.
(1) Who works in a school?
_________________________________________________
(2) What does Wang Lin’s mother do?
________________________________________
(3) What does Wang Lin like doing?
_________________________________________
(4) Is Wang Lin’s brother a student?
___________________________________________
(5) Does Wang Lin’s father go to work by bus?
_________________________________
(五)完形填空。

在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用单词的什么形式来填空。

1. One day, Mr. Ampere went out (1) a walk in the street. There (2) a lot of people there. But all th is was (3) to him. He was thinking (4) a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could he (5) it out?
Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him. He began to write the (6) with a piece of chalk on it. Then the blackboard moved (7) . he moved with it. But it moved so (8) that he could not catch up with it. He looked (9) and saw the “blackboard” (10) him.
Why? It was the back of a carriage(马车)!
( ) (1) A. to B. by C. for D. with
( ) (2) A. were B. are C. is D. was
( ) (3) A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
( ) (4) A. on B. off C. about D. hard
( ) (5) A. work B. start C, take D. bring
( ) (6) A. word B. start C, take D. bring
( ) (7) A. few B. little C. a few D. a little
( ) (8) A. early B. fast C. slowly D. quietly
( ) (9) A. down B. up C. in D. out
( ) (10) A. behind B. beside C. above D. before
2. Bob thought that he was very clever. He thought that no one could fool(欺骗)him because he (1) too clever. One day he (2) to Dick, the man on watching at the gate:“You (3) fool me. Dick. You (4) too foolish!”
“ (5) here by this gate.” Answered Dick, “I (6) a way to fool you.” then he went home.
Two hours later another young man (7) along.
“Why are you standing here?” he (8) bob.
“ I (9) for Dick, ” answered Bob, “ he is going to try fool me.”
“Dick (10) home. ” said the young man, “ He has already fooled you!”
( ) (1) A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to
( ) (2) A. said B. says C. was saying D. is saying
( ) (3) A. don’t B. didn’t C. can never D. never
( ) (4) A. were B. are C. will be D. was
( ) (5) A. Wait B. Waits C. Waited D. Wait for
( ) (6) A. will find B. found C. find D. founded
( ) (7) A. comes B. came C. had come D. coming
( ) (8) A. asked B. asks C. is asking D. told
( ) (9) A. was waiting B. waited C. am waiting D. were waiting
( ) (10) A. goes B. has gone C. had gone D. went
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文内容判断对错。

Jill is going to a new school. He is very excited.（兴奋的）And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,（中学）too. They are going to write email to each other. Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics. But Jill is going to study English, art and science. Jill's house is far from the school. So he is going to school by bus. Tony is going to walk to school.
（1）Jill is Tony's brother.
（2）Jill is going to be a middle school student.
（3）Jill is very excited to go to a new school.
（4）Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics.
（5）Tony is going to school by bus because his house is far from the school.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了吉尔和他的朋友托尼上中学了，他们打算学习不同的学科，吉尔乘公共汽车去上学，托尼打算步行去学校。

（1）句意：吉尔是托尼的弟弟。

根据 And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,too. 可知吉尔是托尼的朋友，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：吉尔将成为一名中学生。

根据 Jill is going to a new school. And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,too. 可知吉尔将成为一名中学生，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：吉尔很高兴能上一所新学校。

根据He is very excited. 可知吉尔很高兴能上一所新学校，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：托尼打算学习汉语、数学和物理。

根据Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics. 可知托尼打算学习汉语、数学和物理，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：托尼要坐公共汽车去上学，因为他的家离学校很远。

根据Tony is going to walk to school. 可知托尼打算步行去学校，故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

3．阅读理解根据短文内容判断句子正误。

I'm John. Jack is my friend. He can play football well. It is winter now. I like making a snowman with him. I can make a snowman well. Kenny is my little sister .She is watching TV with mum in the warm room. I say to Kenny, "Kenny, let's make a snowman outside." Kenny says,
"No, I can't make a snowman. I like watching TV in the room with mum."
（1）Jack is John's brother.
（2）Jack can make a snowman well.
（3）John likes watching TV in the room.
（4）Kenny can't make a snowman.
（5）Kenny is John's sister.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了约翰，他的朋友杰克和约翰的妹妹。

（1）句意：杰克是约翰的兄弟。

根据 I'm John. Jack is my friend. 可知杰克是约翰的朋友，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：杰克能很好地堆雪人。

根据I can make a snowman well. 可知约翰很会堆雪人，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：约翰喜欢在房间里看电视。

根据 I like watching TV in the room with mum. 可知肯尼喜欢在房间里看电视，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：肯尼不会堆雪人。

根据 Kenny says, "No, I can't make a snowman. I like watching TV in the room with mum." 可知肯尼不会堆雪人，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：肯尼是约翰的妹妹。

根据 Kenny is my little sister . 可知肯尼是约翰的妹妹，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
A young mother and her little girl got on a bus and sat down. The bus conductor(售票员) came to ask them to buy tickets. "I want one ticket to Children's Park," said the mother. The conductor looked at the little girl and said to her, "How old are you?" The girl answered, "Mother says I am six years old at home, but I'm four years old on the bus." The young mother's face turned red, very red. Then she bought a half-price ticket.
（1）The mother and her little girl wanted to go to the zoo.
（2）They went there by bus.
（3）The little girl was four years old.
（4）The mother's face was red because she was very angry.
（5）The meaning of the word "ticket" is chepiao.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一位年轻的母亲和她的小女孩上了公共汽车去儿童公园，在车上，售票员问小女孩多大了？小女孩说：“妈妈说我在家六岁，但是我在车上四岁。

”小妈妈的脸变红了。

然后她买了一张半价票。

（1）句意：妈妈和她的小女孩想去动物园。

根据 "I want one ticket to Children's Park," said the mother. 可知妈妈和她的小女孩想去儿童公园，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：他们乘公共汽车去了那里。

根据 A young mother and her little girl got on a bus and sat down. 可知他们乘公共汽车去了那里，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：小女孩四岁。

根据 The girl answered, "Mother says I am six years old at home, but I'm four years old on the bus." 可知小女孩六岁，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：母亲的脸涨红了，因为她很生气。

根据 The young mother's face turned red, very red. Then she bought a half-price ticket. 可知母亲的脸涨红了，因为她很害羞，故答案为错误。

（5）句意：“ ticket ”一词的意思是“票”。

ticket是票的意思，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

5．阅读理解阅读对话，判断正误。

Cindy: Hi! I'm Cindy. I'm in the USA. It's seven. I'm having my breakfast. I have an apple pie, an egg and some bread. The orange juice and the banana are my favorite.
Kate: Hi! I'm Kate. In Japan(日本), I often have rice and soup for breakfast. And I love fish best. After breakfast, I often drink tea.
（1）Cindy is in China.
（2）Cindy's favorite drink is orange juice.
（3）Cindy has breakfast at seven.
（4）Kate often has noodles and fish for breakfast.
（5）Fish is Kate's favorite food.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：辛迪和凯特谈论有关日常生活的事情，最喜欢的食物。

（1）句意：辛迪在中国。

根据I'm Cindy. I'm in the USA. 可知辛迪在美国。

故答案为错误。

（2）句意：辛迪最喜欢的饮料是橙汁。

根据 The orange juice and the banana are my favorite. 可知辛迪最喜欢的饮料是橙汁。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：辛迪七点钟吃早饭。

根据 It's seven. I'm having my breakfast. 可知辛迪七点钟吃早饭。

故答案为正确。

（4）句意：凯特早餐经常吃面条和鱼。

根据 I often have rice and soup for breakfast. 可知凯
特早餐经常吃米饭和汤。

故答案为错误。

（5）句意：鱼是凯特最喜欢的食物。

根据 I love fish best. 可知鱼是凯特最喜欢的食物。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符。

My name is Xiaoling. I have three meals in a day. I have bread, eggs and milk for breakfast at home. I have a hamburger, French fries, fish, orange juice and coffee for lunch in my office. My dessert is ice cream. In the restaurant I have my dinner. I like noodles, tomatoes, beef and salad. My favourite drink is coffee.
（1）Xiaoling has three meals in a day.
（2）Xiaoling has bread, eggs and milk for breakfast in her office.
（3）Xiaoling has ice cream for her dessert.
（4）Xiaoling has noodles, tomatoes, beef and salad in the restaurant for dinner.
（5）Xiaoling's favourite drink is tea.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了小玲一天吃三顿饭在哪里吃，吃什么。

（1）句意：小玲一天三餐。

根据 My name is Xiaoling. I have three meals in a day. 可知小玲一天三餐。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：小玲在办公室吃面包、鸡蛋和牛奶作为早餐。

根据 I have bread, eggs and milk for breakfast at home. 可知小玲在家里早餐吃面包、鸡蛋和牛奶。

故答案为错误。

（3）句意：小玲的甜点是冰淇淋。

根据My dessert is ice cream. 可知小玲的甜点是冰淇淋。

故答案为正确。

（4）句意：小玲在餐厅吃面条、西红柿、牛肉和沙拉。

根据In the restaurant I have my dinner. I like noodles, tomatoes, beef and salad. 可知小玲在餐厅吃面条、西红柿、牛肉和沙拉。

故答案为正确。

（5）句意：小玲最喜欢的饮料是茶。

根据My favourite drink is coffee. 可知小玲最喜欢的饮料是咖啡。

故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。