杨浦高中补习班杨浦秋季补习班新王牌新高一 第二期 新世纪版 Unit 3

Unit 3 Manners
VOCABULARY（Ⅰ）Reading
New Words
perfect adj. 最恰当的；理想的
tongue-tied adj. （尤指因感到难堪而）张口结舌的*utter v. 讲，说
shame n. 羞耻，惭愧
tip n. 建议
*starter n. 第一道菜，开胃小吃
attention n. 专心，注意，注意力
chat v. 闲聊，闲谈
facial adj. 面部的，脸上的
expression n. 表情
*cue n. 提示，暗示
stare v. 凝视，盯着看
positive adj. 积极的，乐观的
indicate v. 表明，表示
topic n. 话题，题目，论题
universal adj. 普遍的，一般的
share v. 告诉，分享
launch v. 发动，发起
religion n. 宗教信仰
flow v. （讲话或文笔）流畅
naturally adv. 正常地，自然地
*open-ended adj. 无限制的
comment n. 意见，评论
attentively adv. 专心（地），留心（地）
track n. 方向，移动路线
v. 追踪
Expressions
think to oneself 心里想
what a shame…真遗憾！多可惜啊！
small talk 闲谈，聊天
feel like doing something 想要做……
what if 如果……将会怎么样
launch into 突然开始……
stick to 紧扣（某主题）
on the right track 做对了，摸着门路
VOCABULARY（Ⅱ）(Additional Reading)
New Words
social adj. 社交的，交际的guilty adj. 羞愧的，内疚的
*oversight n. 疏忽，失察
ruin v. 完全毁掉，毁坏
relationship n. 关系
psychologist n. 心理学家
*owe v. 感激（某人）；亏欠
amount n. 数量，总数，总额
schedule n. 计划表，日程表
forgetful adj. 健忘的，爱忘事的meaning n. 意义，意思，含义
regret n. 惋惜，抱歉
respond v. 回复
deadline n. 最后期限，截止时间Expressions
show up 到场，露面
lead to 导致
without regard to/for 不考虑，不顾
（listening and speaking）
New Words
subway n. （美）地下铁路，地铁technical adj. 技术的，技能的
leisure n. 空闲，闲暇
somewhat adv. 有点儿，有几分marriage n. 婚姻
*political adj.
政治（政党）的，与政治（政党）有关的
*religious adj. 宗教的
belief n. 相信，信心，信任，信仰
*financial adj. 金融的
*critical adj. 评判性的，判断审慎公正的*behavior n. 举止，行为
personal adj. 私人的，个人的
normal adj. 正常的，平成的appointment n. 约定，约会
dentist n. 牙医
Expressions
make an appointment 与某人约会
put off an appointment 推迟约会/预约
call off/cancel an appointment 取消约会/预约keep an appointment 守约
Starting a conversation with a foreigner in English (reading)
As you rode on the bus one day, a foreigner sat down beside you. Finally, here was a perfect opportunity for you to practice speaking English with a foreigner, you thought to yourself. But no words came into your head. You were tongue-tied! After 15 minutes, the foreigner got off the bus and you didn’t utter a word! “What a shame!” you said to yourself.
If you have had such an experience, don’t feel bad. You’re not alone. What you need is a lesson in small talk. Here are some tips that will show you how to get started.
“HELLO” --- A STARTER
First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting. Watch his facial expression and body language for cues. Having said his “Hello” or “Hi” in return, does he just stare out of the window or keep reading the book in his hand? That’s the cue for you to stop moving on. Don’t force a conversation on someone who wants to be left alone.
But what if the person stops whatever he is doing and looks back or smiles at you? These are positive cues, indicating you can keep talking and start a conversation!
SMALL TALK --- THE MAIN COURSE
To start a conversation, you should choose a suitable topic. Then, what are the rules for choosing a suitable topic?
Perhaps the most universal topic of any conversation is the weather. Everyone has an opinion to share about the weather! Don’t immediately launch into serious topics like politics or religion. And don’t talk about personal matters, either. Stick to familia r subjects of a casual nature such as movies, music, sports, favourite things, or one’s likes and dislikes.
Small talk flows naturally. Raise open-ended questions rather than yes-no questions to keep the conversation going. Try to find points of connection between you and the person you are chatting with. Offer short comments on what the other person says, and listen attentively when what you say is being commented on. If you get such comments as “That’s interesting.”, “I agree.”, or “Me too.” then you know you’re on the right track.
You can have a lot of fun chatting in English with foreigners. They will, too. Try it! Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures.
Topic1: manners in public places
1.乘公交车
2.坐在某人旁边
3.练习做某事
4.心里想
5.真遗憾啊！
6.闲谈，聊天
7.如何开始
8.与…交换
9.同时
10.密切注意
11.看…的提示
12.脸部表情和肢体语言13.作为报答
14.继续（前进）
15.独自待着
16.如果…将会怎么样？
17.最普遍的话题
18.突然开始…
19.紧扣（某主题）
20.提出开放式问题
21.关于…的简短评论
22.认真听
23.做对了，摸着门路
Never too busy for social manners
So you forgot to answer that party invitation you received. Now, the day has come and gone, and you’re
feeling guilty because you never told the host you couldn’t attend.
“Don’t allow this oversight(疏忽) to ruin your relationship,” says R. Thomas Boone, a US social psychologist. “I would show up with a bottle of wine and say, ‘I owe(感激，亏欠) you one. I’m really sorry’,” Boone says.
Send an e-mail, make a phone call or reach out to the host another way. Whatever the method, do it as soon as possible.
If guests don’t answer the invitations on time, the host cannot possibly plan for the correct amount of food and drink. This may lead to hundreds or even thousands of dollars of waste.
“Everybody has a busy schedule now,” Boone says. If you know you are forgetful when it comes to making phone calls, try emailing your RSVPs as soon as the invitation arrives. RSVP is the short form of the French phrase “répondez s’il vous plaît”, meaning “Reply, if you please”.
The following are some commonly used terms in invitation letters and their meanings. Be sure to know these and answer invitations properly.
——RSVP, Regrets only
Only guests who can’t attend need reply. You need to give a proper reason why you can’t attend.——RSVP BY…
Guests should respond with yes or no by the date indicated on the invitation. Setting a date gives guests a deadline. It is also a deadline for the host to connect guests who haven’t reply.
——RSVP BY e-mail
Guests can respond by e-mail. Unlike phone calls, e-mails can be sent without regard to time of day or
location.
Topic 2: social manners
1.社交礼仪
2.感到内疚
3.一名社会心理学家
4.出现，露面
5.联系某人
6.导致
7.当说到
8.常用的术语
9.确保
Exercise 1 根据中文意思填写适当单词
1. A survey of retired people has ________________(表明) that most are independent and enjoying life.
2.The company has ________________(推出) a new type of ice cream which is popular with young people.
3.They came to an agreement that profits should ________________________(分享；分配) equally.
4.When things go wrong, all of us ______________________(自然地) feel disappointed.
5.The river ran dry and stopped ___________________(流动) during the drought.(干旱)
6.Not every “sorry” may _____________________(回复) with a “never mind”.
7.There are plenty of words that need_____________________(说出).
8.He had no sense of ________________(羞耻) and never felt __________________(内疚的).
9.The well-known city has_________________(被毁灭)by the sudden heavy snow.
10.I followed him, __________________(追踪) him in the snow until finally he got tired.
11.He questioned Chrissie and listened ________________(专心地) to what she told him, which draws my
__________________(注意力).
12.Betty has done her__________________(私人的) work in the garden by herself.
13.It is ________________(正常的) for you to want only the best for yourselves.
14.Grandfather is ________________(健忘的) and often repeats himself when he tells a story.
15.My only _________________(遗憾) is that I have missed the chance to go abroad for further education. Exercise 2 用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
1.To __________________ a new business takes courage in the difficult times.
2.I can say that this is one of the worst ideas that can ______________________.
3.She agreed to take part in the picnic but didn’t _______________________.
ziness __________________failure, which is known to us all.
5.The king refuses to ____________________the election results, so nobody asks him any more.
6.She is so beautiful and she gets used to ______________________.
7.We ______________________the meeting in order to better deal with the tense situation.
8.After getting a bad result in English exam, the boy _________________, “I must study hard,”
9.The big question is where and how do you_____________________?
10.The deal will be ___________________since you don’t agree to reduce the price.
1.It’s not polite to ______________at a girl in the face.
2.Dreams can help ____________________your true feelings.
3.The police refused to make any _________________on the latest reports.
4.He was waving his arms to draw their ____________________.
5.She listened ________________and wrote down every word he said.
6.Grandfather is ________________and often repeats himself when he tells a story.
7.After a big fight with his father, the ________________on the boy’s face is different to read.
8.He wants big companies to follow the role model and take __________responsibility to help the disabled.
9.When we can’t express ourselves well in foreign countries, we can communicate in _______gestures.
10.Marks & Spencer has recently hired some Chinese models to ____________its new collection to the
Chinese market.
Translation: Sentences
1.粗心导致了这次交通事故。

(lead)
2.要是你忘记带家里的钥匙怎么办？(What if)
3.当我看地图时，我很想到某个地方去旅游。

(feel like)
4.老师经常告诉学生做作业时要控制时间。

(attention)
5.在零花钱问题上，给孩子过多的零花钱是很不明智的。

(when it comes to…)
6.和陌生人在网上聊天不安全。

(chat)
7.请对演讲作简短评论。

(comment)
8.昨天当我问她要不要散步时，她的回答多少让我有些失望。

(somewhat)
9.她想和他谈一下他在学校的学习情况。

(feel like)
10.老师说，无论发生什么情况，都要坚持自己的信仰。

(stick to; belief)
Topic (homework)
1.当你和外国人聊天时，好的礼仪是很重要的。

(chat)
2.在乘公交车时，看到一个外国人，你心里想着跟他聊什么。

(think to oneself)
3.“你好”是最常用的问候方式。

(greet)
4.对方说了“你好”之后，你就可以和他交流了。

(in return)
5.记住，不要突然开始讨论一些严肃的话题。

(launch)
6.你可以谈论一些最普通的话题，比如天气或是体育运动。

(universal)
7.谈话要紧扣主题并提出一些开放式问题。

(stick, raise)
8.请注意，在闲聊时要认真听对方说什么。

(attentively)
9.你还可以就对方所说内容作出简短的评论。

(offer)
10.一些小提示很有帮助。

(attention)
11.不要强迫对方和你聊天。

(force)
12.尽量避免讨论金钱，政治，宗教这样的严肃话题。

(try)
13.闲聊时，多用眼神、脸部表情和肢体语言交流。

(contact)
14.如果你能做到这些，你就摸着门路了。

(track)
15.只要你多练习这些交流技巧，和外国人聊天就不是一件难事儿了。

(practice)
Grammar: 动词不定式
一、结构
1. 基本式：to do e.g. He seems to know this.
Can you help me (to) carry the box?
2. 否定式：not to do e.g. Mother told me not to stay up too late.
3. 被动式：to be done e.g. It’s great honor to be invited to your birthday party.
4. 进行式：to be doing e.g. He seems to be eating something.
5. 完成式：to have done e.g. I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
6. 完成被动式：to have been done e.g. I’m pleased to have been given this opportunity.
7. 完成进行式：to have been doing
e.g. She is known to have been thinking about the problem for many days.
二、句子成分
1. 做主语：To grow more trees here is very important. It is not difficult for me to speak English.
2. 作宾语：放在及物动词之后，常用动词：
afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, bother, care, choose, claim,
decide, desire, expect, fail, help, intend, learn, manage,
neglect, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, refuse, threaten, wish
e.g. They refused to do so.
3. 作宾语补足语：e.g. She asked me to speak more loudly.
4. 作定语：e.g. She is always the last one to come.
5. 作状语：目的，原因，结果
e.g. In order to study English well, she often does more speaking and writing.
The question is too difficult to answer.
They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.
6. 作表语：e.g. Her dream is to be a lawyer.
Practice1: 用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
1.I opened the door ____________(enter) the room.
2.The teacher told us ______________(not be) late again.
3.Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting ______________(hold) tomorrow.
4.He is said ______________(come).
5.I am sorry ______________(keep) you waiting so long.
6.I’m pleased to have been given this opportunity.
7.He is said_______________(write) some novels for children.
8._______________(do) that sort of thing is foolish.
9.I want _____________(see) you this evening.
10.I warned the patient __________________(not eat) cold water after the operation.
11.We found a house ______________(live) in.
12.________________(save) class time, our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and
complete the other half for our homework.
13.All you have to do is ______________(finish) it quickly.
)
1.Ms. Smith warned her daughter ______________after drinking.
2.They would not allow him ________________going across the enemy line.
3.When I went out, it happened ________________.
4.Have you decided when __________________?
5.Charles Babbage is generally considered ___________________the first computer.
6.The book is said __________________into several languages.
7.He wished that she was as easy __________as his mother, who was always delighted with perfume.(香水)
8.Many people decided______________to the countryside because of serious air pollution in the city.
9.I can’t go out now as I have a lot of clothes.
10.Mary was heard _______________just now. What happened?
11.He pretend _______________with his head on the desk.
12.John is said _____________abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.。