Get格雅“五四”论文：系统理论视角下对“五四”时期戏剧翻译的研究

“五四”论文：系统理论视角下对“五四”时期戏剧翻译的研究
“五四〞论文：系统理论视角下对“五四〞时期戏剧翻译的研究
【中文摘要】〞五四〞运动是中国历史上的一个重要时期,当时的中国无论是在社会状况还是在文化方面都处在一个转折时期。

在这一时期,中国的翻译事业到达了又一个高潮,而这一时期也促进了我国话剧的开展,通过对外国戏剧的翻译和介绍,使中国的话剧无论是在选材还是创作技巧上都发生了改变,并使其逐渐趋向成熟。

本文研究“五四〞时期的话剧翻译,主要是对英语翻译成汉语的情况进行研究。

本文以翻译系统理论(多元系统理论,标准理论和改写理论)为理论框架,对这一时期不同译者对剧本的选择和翻译策略的运用进行描写和解释。

多元系统理论,标准理论和改写理论都是语语言文化取向,强调目标系统诸因素对翻译的影响和制约以及翻译对语文化文学系统的影响。

依据这些理论,戏剧翻译和其他文本类型的文学翻译一样,也要受到语社会和文化系统的操控,社会环境和戏剧系统对戏剧文本的选择和翻译策略的选择会产生重要影响。

“五四〞时期对外国的戏剧进行了大量的翻译,从1917-1924年之间,据不完全统计,出版翻译剧本达170余部,涉及近二十个国家的七十多位剧作家。

本研究说明,这一时期选择剧本并对其进行翻译的标准有两个:一个是“为艺术而艺术〞,标榜纯粹的艺术;另一个是为现实效劳,戏剧要能反映社会问题,批判现实。

研究显示,影响译者翻译策略的因素是多方面的,但在具体某一个翻译个案里,总会有某一个因素占主导地位。

本文进行分
析的洪深翻译的王尔德的?少奶奶的扇子?,运用的主要翻译策略是改译,是归化,该译本迎合了当时社会的意识形态和观众的期待,演出获得了巨大成功。

而“五四〞时期,中国的戏剧文学正处于转型时期,为了引进新的戏剧形式和戏剧技巧,一些剧本也进行了直译,如田汉翻译的?莎乐美?。

通过对这两个剧作翻译的研究,可以看出,影响这一时期翻译策略选择的因素主要有:目标系统的社会状况及其意识形态,目标系统的戏剧子系统的标准及其开展变化,译者的翻译以及观众的期待等。

无论译者采取怎样的翻译策略,他们的译作都在一定程度上受到了对目标文化文学系统制约,同时也对目标文化系统特别是戏剧子系统产生了较大影响。

【英文摘要】The May 4th Movement is an important period in Chinese history. At that time whether the social conditions or culture of China were all in a transitional period. In this period, it witnessed another climax of translation in China and it also contributed to the development of drama. Through the translation and presentation of foreign plays, the dramas of China both in the selection of texts and writing skills have changed and it gradually matures.This thesis studies the dramatic translation of the May 4th Movement---mainly the drama translated from English into Chinese. Taking system theory〔Polysystem Theory, norms and rewriting theory〕 as its theoretical framework, this thesis describes and explains the
selection of the texts and different translators’choice of translation strategies in this period. Polysystem Theory, norms and rewriting theory are all target-oriented, which emphasize the impacts and constrains of various factors of the target system on the translation and the influences of translation on the target literary system. According to these theories, like other literary types of translation, drama translation is also dominated by the forces of target culture and society. So the target environment and the drama system of the May 4th Movement exerted great impact on the translation of foreign dramas regarding the selection of texts and the choice of translation strategies in the process..A large number of foreign dramas were translated into Chinese during the May 4th Movement. According to incomplete statistics, about 170 play texts were translated and published, involving nearly 70 writers of 20 countries. This study shows that there are two standards for the selection of the script in this period: one is“art for art sake〞which is for the pure art; the other is the reality service. Drama is able to reflect social problems and criticizes the reality.The study shows that the factors which influence the translation strategies are various, but there is always one factor in the dominant position in a
special case of translation, for example, Hong Shen’s adaptation of Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan analyzed in this thesis, the main translation strategy used is adaptation and domestication. This translation met the ideology of the society and the expectations of the audiences of that time, so the performance of this play was a great success. However, in the time of the May 4th Movement, the dramatic literature of China was in a transition period. In order to import new styles and skills of drama, some scripts were translated literally, like Tian Han’s translation of Wilde’s Salome. Through the investigation of these two translation scripts, it shows that the main factors which influenced the choice of the translation strategies were: the social situation and ideology of the target system, the norms and development and changes of drama in the subsystem of the target system, the intentions of the translator and the expectations of the audiences etc. No matter what translation strategies the translators used, their translations were restricted to some extent by target literature literary system, yet their translation also made great influence on the target literature system especially the theater subsystem.
【关键词】〞五四〞戏剧翻译翻译策略
【英文关键词】the May 4th drama translation translation strategy
【目录】系统理论视角下对“五四〞时期戏剧翻译的研究Acknowledgements4-5Abstract5-6摘要7-11Chapter One Introduction11-13Chapter Two Drama and Drama
Translation13-212.1 Definition of Drama132.2 Features df Drama13-152.3 Duality of Drama Translation15-162.4 Studies on Drama Translation in China16-172.5 Studies on Drama Translation in the West17-182.6 An Overview of Drama Translation Around the May 4th Movement18-21 Classification of translated drama18-19 Translators and number of translated drama19-21Chapter Three Systems Theories21-293.1 Polysystem Theory22-24 The origin of the Polysystem Theory22-23 Main ideas of Polysystem Theory23-243.2 Norm Theory24-253.3 Rewriting Theory25-263.4 Summary26-29Chapter Four Factors Affecting the Selection of Scripts Around the May 4~(th) Movement29-374.1 The Selection of Texts for the Pure
Art29-304.2 The Selection of Text for Social Evolution30-35 The social background of this period30-32 The outbreak of drama revolution32-33 For the sake of social evolution33-354.3 Other
Factors That Affecting the Selection of the Texts354.4 Summary35-37Chapter Five Strategies Adopted for Translating the Dramatic Texts Around the May 4~(th) Movemen37-525.1 Analysis of Tian Han’S Translation Of Salome37-445.1.1 A brief introduction to Tian Han37-38 Synopsis of Salome38-40 Translation strategies adopted by Tian Han and factors affecting his choice40-43 Influence of Tian Han’S translation on early Chinese drama43-445.2 Analysis of Hong Shen’S Translation of Lady Windermere’S Fan44-505.2.1 A brief introduction to Hong Shen44-45 Synopsis of Lady Windermere’S Fan45-46 Strategies used by Hong Shen46-505.3
Summary50-52Chapter Six Conclusion52-56Bibliography56-60攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录60-61。