FCE语用1

语用简介

及

语法串讲BEVERLY老师

语用部分介绍

阅读Part1 也放入语用

1.句子结构及成分串讲 sentence structure

2.时态串讲 tense

3.假设串讲 wish/if only/hope

4.主被动串讲 active/passive voice

5.引语串讲 direct/reporting speech

6.定从串讲 relative clause

7.条件句串讲 contitional clause

句子结构及成分串讲

单句，从句

主语，谓语，连词

单句类型

•主谓 He cried.

•主谓宾 He ate an apple.

•主系表 He is my brother.

•主谓双宾 He gives me the book. •主谓宾宾补 He makes me happy. •主谓

三大从句

•定语从句：修饰名词，跟在名词后

• that which who whom whose

•He is my brother who opens a supermarket.

•名词性从句：本身是名词，主宾表从句

•that whether who why when where how ….•Who came here yesterday is a question .

•状语从句：补充说明，位置灵活

• because so when where if although.

•If it rains today , we can stay at home .

•哪些是谓语？

•1.do 2.did 3.does 4.done 5. have done •6.doing 7.can do 8 . Had been doing •9. should be done 10 . to do 11. to be done •12. are doing

主语：n /pron /doing /to do /clause (it ) 介词+名词不做主语宾语

谓语：do does did

have/has/had..

am/is/are/was/were…

can/should/would/…

非谓语：doing /done /to do

•哪些是谓语？

•1.do 2.did 3.does 4.done 5. have done •6.doing 7.can do 8 . Had been doing •9. should be done 10 . to do 11. to be done •12. are doing

连词 conj

一个连词可以连接两个谓语,或两套主谓

主+谓+连+谓+连+谓

主谓+连+主谓+连+主谓

And ,but , or

Because, so , since, as, when , where, who, that, which , if, although , ….

划出所有主语，谓语，和连词

划出所有主句主语，谓语，和连词

T ense 时态串讲Present Simple Past Continuous Perfect

100000 ___________________________ Past now future

I do We use the Present Simple for ...

1. Present States - something true for a long time (usually a feeling , not an action).

2. Present Habits - a repeated action (with often, sometimes, every day...) Other uses of Present Simple

Facts - we believe it always happens and will always be true. The sun rises in the east.

'Scheduled' future events - something which we can see in a timetable (here a film guide).

The film starts at 6pm.

Present Simple 一般现在时

S+do/does

100000 Advanced uses of the present continuous:

Annoying habits: We usually use present simple for habits or repeated actions. However, you can use the present continuous with 'always' if you want to show that you are annoyed or amused by a habit .

You're always losing your wallet! We use the present continuous for:

1. Actions in progress now - they started before now, and are not finished.

2. Temporary situations - it is true now, but maybe not happening at the moment of speaking. You know it will change in the future.

I am eating a lot of bananas these days. ___________________________ Past now future I am doing

Present continuous 现在进行时 S+am/is/are+doing