八年级下期末综合检测(A)

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八年级下学期期末物理综合检测试卷附答案

八年级下学期期末物理综合检测试卷附答案一、选择题1．下列表述中，符合生活实际的是（）A．托起两个鸡蛋所用的力约是1NB．洗澡水的温度约是85℃C．成人步行速度一般约是5m/sD．我们用的物理课本长约是5dm2．如图是一个小朋友玩滑板车的情景，以下分析合理的是（）A．人对滑板车的压力和滑板车对人的支持力是一对平衡力B．人受到的重力与滑板车对人的支持力是一对平衡力C．滑板车受到的重力与地面对滑板车的支持力是一对平衡力D．人受到的重力和地面对滑板车的支持力是一对平衡力3．若小球由如图所示位置向右摆动到最低点时绳子断裂，假设此时所有外力均消失，此后，小球的运动情况是（）A．匀速直线下落B．匀速直线上升C．静止D．水平向右匀速直线运动4．如图展示了几种我国古代劳动人民的智慧成果，下列说法错误的是（）A．孔明灯加速上升是因为灯内热气的密度小于灯外界的冷空气密度B．杆秤是利用二力平衡条件进行测量的C．碾谷物的石磨选用厚重的石材，是为了增大石磨对谷物的压强D．古代捣谷工具利用了杠杆原理5．小梦用铅笔，细铁丝制作了一支简易密度计。

小梦先后将密度计分别放在盛有不同液体的甲、乙两个相同容器中。

当密度计静止时，两容器中液面恰好相平，如图所示。

以下说法正确的是（）A．甲容器中液体的密度较小B．乙容器对水平桌面的压强较大C．密度计在甲液体中受到的浮力较小D．密度计排开甲、乙液体的重力相等6．如图所示，各工具中属于费力杠杆的是（）A．筷子B．钳子C．起子D．剪子7．如图所示，甲、乙两个相同的烧杯中装有不同的液体，将物体A分别放入甲、乙两杯液体中、静止时，物体A在甲杯液体中处于悬浮状态，物体A在乙杯液体中处于漂浮状态，两杯中的液体液面高度均为h。

下列判断正确的是（）A．甲杯液体中物体A 受的浮力小于乙杯液体中物体 A受的浮力B．甲杯中的液体密度大于乙杯中的液体密度C．甲杯中液体对容器底的压强等于乙杯中液体对容器底的压强D．甲烧杯对桌面的压力小于乙烧杯对桌面的压力8．如图所示，粗糙的弧形轨道竖直固定于水平面，一小球由A点以速度ν沿轨道滚下，经另一侧等高点B后到达最高点C．下列关于小球滚动过程的分析正确的是（）A．整个过程只有重力在对小球做功B．小球在A、B两点具有的动能相同C．小球在A、B、C三点的速度大小关系是νA＞νB＞νCD．小球在A点具有的机械能等于它在C点具有的重力势能二、填空题9．初中物理学习过程中，掌握测量工具的读数方法很重要，请正确读出图中测量工具的示数或所测量物理量的值：铅笔的长度______，秒表的读数是______，温度计的示数是______，物体的的重力是______．10．如图所示，为了保护司机的安全，轿车除了安全带以外，还有安全装置“头枕”和“气囊”。

2022——2023学年陕西省华阴市八年级下学期语文期末仿真模拟卷AB卷(含答案)

2022-2023学年陕西省华阴市八年级下册语文期末仿真模拟卷（A卷）一、积累和运用（17分）1.下列各组词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是（）（2分）A．冗．杂（rǒng）拙．劣（zhuō）缄．默（xiān）怒不可遏．（è）B．推搡．（sǎng）驰骋．（chéng）褶．皱（zhě）挑拨离间．（jiàn）C．斡．旋（wò）虔．诚（qián）沙砾．（lì）纷至沓．来（tà）D．龟．裂（jūn）演绎．（yì）蠕．动（rú）拾．级而上（shí）2．下列各组词语中，汉字书写全都正确的一组是（）（2分）A．踊跃思幕人情世故行将就木B．捶击慧星草长莺飞阳奉阴违C．诬蔑枷锁不修边幅轻歌慢舞D．打嗝浮躁分崩离析天衣无缝3．请从所给的三个词语中，选出一个最符合语境的填写在横线上。

（2分）（1）针对“普职分流”问题，部分代表委员认为，高中阶段教育的“普职分流”模式，正面临日益________（严厉严苛严峻）的挑战。

（2）从1950年代至今，陕西地区已发现的隋唐墓葬地点和隋朝皇室壁画墓等，写尽了一千多年前多姿多彩的生活风貌，无不让人________（叹为观止赞叹不已拍案叫绝）。

4．经典诗文默写。

【在（1）～（7）题中，任选五题．．．．；在（8）～（10）题中，任选一题．．．．】（6分）（1）参差荇菜，左右流之。

窈窕淑女，________________。

（《诗经·关雎》）（2）________________，风烟望五津。

（王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》）（3）气蒸云梦泽，________________。

（孟浩然《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》）（4）万籁此都寂，________________。

（常建《题破山寺后禅院》）（5）________________，落日故人情。

（李白《送友人》）（6）满面尘灰烟火色，________________。

物理八年级下册期末综合检测试题附答案

物理八年级下册期末综合检测试题附答案一、选择题1．下列是小明对日常生活的估测，其中说法不正确的是（）A．一本物理课本受到的重力是3NB．两颗鸡蛋的质量是100gC．此时太浮山山顶的气压约为9.8×104PaD．自行车是多种机械的组合，这个组合的机械效率可以达到100%2．下列关于力的说法中正确的是（）A．划船时，使船前进的力的施力物体是船桨B．茶杯对桌面的压力是由于桌面发生形变而产生的C．把鸡蛋往碗沿上一磕，鸡蛋就破了，说明力的作用是相互的D．推门时离门轴越近，用力越大，说明力的作用效果与力的方向有关3．正在草地上滚动的足球，若足球所受外力全部消失，则足球（）A．慢慢停下来B．越来越快C．做匀速直线运动D．无法判断4．如图所示，工人师傅在铺设瓷质地砖时，常用一个锤子不断敲打地砖，使地砖与砂浆贴合紧密，并尽可能让地砖保持水平。

工人师傅使用的这把锤子的锤头是图中的（）A．圆台形的铁锤B．圆柱形的橡胶锤C．两头尖的塑料锤D．球形的木锤5．三个相同的容器内分别盛满不同的液体，现将三个完全相同的小球轻轻放入容器中，小球静止后的状态如图所示，以下判断不正确的是（）A．小球受到的浮力关系是F乙=F丙>F甲B．液体的密度关系是ρ乙>ρ丙>ρ甲C．液体对容器底部的压强关系是p乙>p丙>p甲D．容器对桌面的压强关系是p'甲>p'乙>p'丙6．如图的杆秤为我国古代的衡器，提纽O处是支点。

已知AO为5cm，秤砣质量是500g，当秤钩称量物体时，当秤砣放在B处时秤杆平衡。

杆上B处的刻度（也叫“秤星”）显示2kg。

如果将500g的秤砣换成一个550g的较大秤砣，秤钩上挂的还是原来的物体，这时从秤杆上读得的被称物体的质量（）A．为0 B．小于2kg C．大于2kg D．等于2kg7．某检验人员在盛放密度分别为ρ甲、ρ乙、ρ丙的硫酸铜溶液试管中，分别滴入一滴体积相同的同一感染者的血液，一段时间后出现了如图所示的情形。

2021～2022 学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级语文试题(A)参考答案

2021～2022学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级语文试题（A）参考答案一、积累（32分）1.D（2分）2.C（2分）3.D（2分）4.A（2分）5.B（2分）6.C（2分）7.B（2分）8.（1）树梢树枝树根根（2）挑兮达兮（3）禅房花木深（4）选贤与能（5）屋舍俨然（6）海内存知己，天涯若比邻（7）斗折蛇行，明灭可见（8）俄顷风定云墨色（每小题1分，共8分）9.名著阅读。

（4分）（1）（2分）A（2）（2分）“有亏良心的事”指：做事没有考虑妻子和儿子的感受。

“真正觉醒”的含义：醒悟到应该多关心儿子。

10.综合性学习活动。

（6分）【活动一：话开场】示例：中国是诗的国度，诗的历史源远流长。

走进古诗苑，我们会被“乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没有马蹄”的西湖迷住，会被“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”的雄心震撼，也会被“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼”的神奇所吸引……今天，就让我们一起走进古诗苑，感受古诗词的不同魅力（2分）【活动二：设项目】示例：别出心裁品古诗下笔有神写古诗(2分)【活动三：写寄语】示例：有的雍容华贵，有的亭亭玉立。

（2分）二、阅读（38分）（一）阅读下面古诗，完成11～12题。

（4分）11.①江楼②橘柚香（2分）12.《送魏二》表达了诗人对友人的留恋，对友人离去的担忧。

《送杜少府之任蜀州》表现出诗人送别友人的豁达胸怀和诗人高远的志向。

（2分）（二）阅读下面文言文，完成13～16题。

（12分）13.（1）记载。

（2）盘旋飞翔。

（3）气息，这里指大风。

（4）“反”通“返”，返回。

（2分）14.A（2分）15.（1）我们所见湛蓝的天空，那是它真正的颜色吗？它是无边无际的吗？（2分）（2）风聚积的力量不雄厚，它便无法托负巨大的翅膀。

（2分）16.鲲鹏有崇高的理想，追求“广大，高远、自由”的逍遥境界。

蝉和学鸠目光短浅，它认为“抢榆枋而止，时则不至，而控于地而已矣”就是飞翔，因此注定不能理解大鹏展翅高飞的境界。

初中历史与社会八年级下册期末综合测试卷附参考答案

历史与社会八下期末综合卷一、判断题，对的打“√”，错的打“╳”。

（每题1分，共10分）1、工业文明的曙光首先出现的古老的东方。

…………………………………………（错）2、手工工场的出现意味着人类已步入工业社会。

……………………………………（错）3、历史上的第一位总统产生于英国。

………………………………………………（错）4、整体世界是随着工业文明在全球的扩散而形成的。

……………………………（对）5、鸦片战争后中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会。

………………………………（对）6、清末民初人们之间称呼的变化反映了自由、平等民主观念的影响正逐渐被人们接受。

……………………………………………………………………………………………（对）7、西安事变的和平解决标志着国共第二次合作的实现。

……………………………（错）8、工业社会是从农业社会发展而来的。

………………………………………………（对）9、我国目前正在走工业化和城市化之路，因为工业化和城市化有百利而无一害。

（错）10、辛亥革命推翻了中国几千年的君主专制制度，也彻底扫除了封建思想。

……（错）二、选择题，每题只有一个正确选项，请将其序号填在括号里。

（每题1分，共分）11、现代工厂的前身是…………………………………………………………………（B ）A 手工作坊B 手工工场C 封建庄园D 小农经济12、16世纪以后，西欧各国君主大力发展工商业的原因是…………………………（A ）A 为了富国强兵B 为了占有土地C 为了获得廉价劳动力D 为了剥夺贵族财产13、被称做“文艺复兴时代最完美的代表人物”的是………………………………（ A ）A 达芬奇B 莎士比亚C 贝多芬D 哈姆雷特14、文艺复兴运动反映了的愿望……………………………………………（ D ）A 教会B 封建庄园主C 农奴D 资产阶级15、提出万有引力的科学家是………………………………………………………（D ）A 托勒密B 哥白尼C 布鲁诺D 牛顿16、“天赋人权”思想的提出是在……………………………………………………（C ）A 文艺复兴时期B 宗教改革时期C 启蒙运动时期D 资产阶级革命时期17、曾被号称为是“日不落”的殖民帝国是…………………………………………（ D ）A 西班牙B 葡萄牙C 意大利D 英国18、人类历史上的第一位总统是……………………………………………………（ B ）A 克伦威尔B 华盛顿C 罗伯斯庇尔D 拿破仑19、中国元明时期的经济主体是……………………………………………………（D ）A 工业B 手工业C 商业D 农业20、“不到长城非好汉”，今天我们看到的长城大多建造于………………………（C ）A 战国时期B 秦朝C 明朝D 清朝21、下列各项中不属于明清时期维护国家统一措施的是……………………………（D ）A 在西藏设立驻藏大臣B 粉碎准葛尔部落的分裂活动C 平定天山南路回部贵族的叛乱D 大兴“文字狱”22、市场总是在扩大，需求总是在增加，甚至工场手工业也不能再满足这种需求了，于是，蒸汽和机器就引起了工业中的革命。

八年级物理下学期期末模拟综合检测试卷附答案

八年级物理下学期期末模拟综合检测试卷附答案一、选择题1．下面是小明对身边一些物体所受重力的估测，其中最接近实际的是（）A．一本物理课本所受的重力约是2N B．一个鸡蛋所受的重力约是50NC．一张课桌所受的重力约是8N D．一支新铅笔所受的重力约是20N2．“生活处处有物理，留心观察皆学问”下列物理现象及解释错误的是（）A．拿沾有油渍的碗容易滑脱，是由于压强较小的缘故B．切肉前先磨刀，是为了减小受力面积，增大压强C．小石子放到水里会下沉，因为小石子受到的浮力小于它的重力D．用羊角锤拔钉子，手尽量靠锤柄的另一头放，因为作用点不同影响力的作用效果3．如图摆球从A点静止释放，经过最低点B点，摆向另一侧的最高点C点，在此过程中，下列说法中正确的是（）A．小球到达B点的瞬间，若剪断悬线，小球将沿水平方向做匀速直线运动B．小球到达B点的瞬间，若受到的力全部消失，小球将保持静止状态C．小球到达C点的瞬间，若受到的力全部消失，小球将保持静止状态D．小球到达C点的瞬间，若受到的力全部消失，小球将做匀速直线运动4．下列生活现象与物理知识对应不正确的是（）A．高压锅易煮熟食物——气压越高，沸点越低B．磨刀不误砍柴工——受力面积越小，压力作用效果越明显C．拦河坝上窄下宽——液体压强随深度的增加而增大D．轮船浮在水面上——利用空心的办法增大浮力5．以下实例中，利用连通器原理工作的是（）A．医用注射器B．液体密度计C．锅炉水位计D．家用吸尘器6．重为G的均匀木棒竖直悬于O点，在其下端施行水平拉力F，让棒缓慢转到图中虚线所示位置。

在转动的过程中（）A．阻力臂逐渐变小B．动力F逐渐减小C．动力臂逐渐变大D．动力F逐渐增大7．如图所示，在三个相同的容器中装有质量相同的水，将木块A、金属块B按不同的方式放入水中，待A, B静止时，三个容器中水对容器底部的压强相比较，正确的是A．p甲>p乙>p丙B．p甲=p乙>p丙C．p甲<p乙=p丙D．p甲=p乙<p丙8．如图所示，体能测试中小明用2000N的力掷出的实心球运动的情景，已知从b到d的水平距离为7.5m，c为实心球的最高点，下列说法正确的是（）A．人对实心球做功15000JB．实心球在c点处于平衡状态C．不计空气阻力，实心球从b到d过程中机械能先增大后减小D．从a到d的过程中实心球的运动状态在不断的变化二、填空题9．如图所示，为“云南山泉”瓶装矿泉水，我们在挤压瓶子时，矿泉水瓶形状发生了变化，说明力能使物体 _____；瓶盖侧面刻有条纹是为了 _____摩擦。

八年级物理下学期期末综合检测试题附答案

八年级物理下学期期末综合检测试题附答案一、选择题1．下列数据中，与实际情况偏差最大的是（）A．一个标准大气压相当于760cm水银柱产生的压强B．八年级物理课本质量约220gC．普通成年人双脚站立时对地面的压强约为1.5×104PaD．人托起两个鸡蛋所用的力大约是1N2．下列关于力和运动的说法中正确的是（）A．人用力推车，车未动，是因为推力小于摩擦力B．苹果在空中下落得越来越快，是因为力可以改变物体的运动状态C．汽车关闭发动机后，速度减小最后停下来，是因为汽车不再受牵引力作用D．百米赛跑运动员冲线后不能立即停下来，是因为运动员受到惯性力的作用3．如图所示为体育场内足球赛的场景，下列说法中正确的是（）A．地面上滚动的足球，运动状态保持不变B．脚踢球，使球飞出去，说明力可以使物体产生运动C．踢出去的足球能继续向前飞行，是因为足球具有惯性D．空中飞行的足球，若它所受的力全部消失，它一定沿水平方向做匀速直线运动4．“车辆转弯，请坐稳扶好！”公交车广告提醒乘客注意安全。

如图所示，公交车扶手上装有拉环，避免乘客受到伤害。

拉环在设计上注重人性化，拉环上有凹凸纹且拉环做得比较厚大。

下列说法正确的是（）A．坐稳扶好是为了防止惯性带来的伤害B．拉环上的凹凸纹是为了减小摩擦C．拉环做得比较厚大是通过增大受力面积来增大压强D．公交车向右急转弯时乘客将会向右倾倒5．下列器械利用到“流体流速越大的位置，压强越小”原理的是（）A．轮船B．热气球C．飞机D．潜水艇6．如图所示，使用时属于费力杠杆的是（）A．镊子B．瓶盖启子C．钳子D．托盘天平7．如图所示，将两块相同的橡皮泥做成实心球形和碗形，分别放入相同的甲、乙两杯水中（若杯中水均没有溢出）。

静止时，甲杯中，球形橡皮泥沉底，水面上升高度为h1，放入橡皮泥后容器底部受到水的压强为p1，球形橡皮泥受到水的浮力为F1，杯子对桌面的压力为F甲；乙杯中，碗形橡皮泥漂浮，水面上升高度为h2，放入橡皮泥后容器底部受到水的压强为p2，碗状橡皮泥受到的浮力为F2，杯子对桌面的压力F乙。

人教版八年级英语下册期末综合检测卷含答案

人教版八年级英语下册期末综合检测卷(限时: 100分钟满分: 120分)一、单项选择(每小题1 分, 共10 分)1. Peter is ________ honest boy and ________ good friend of mine.A. a; theB. the; anC. a; anD. an; a2. —Did you hear any strange ________ when the earthquake happened?—No, I was in my garden with my flowers and enjoying the beautiful ________ of my birds at that time.A. voice; noiseB. sound; noiseC. whisper; noiseD. sound; voice3. We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea ________.A. eitherB. alreadyC. yetD. instead4. —China’s high-speed railway ________ is leading the world.—That’s right.A. technologyB. environmentC. populationD. agriculture5. The population of China ________ large. About four fifths of the population________ farmers.A. is; areB. are; isC. are; areD. is; be6. What a ________ boy! He worked out such a difficult math problem.A. strongB. kindC. lazyD. clever7. [2023 宿迁] —China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table TennisChampionships!—________ exciting news!A. What aB. How aC. HowD. What8. [2023 天津] Lisa is a popular monitor. She ________ her classmates and teachers.A. takes part inB. gets on well withC. gets into trouble withD. keeps clear of9. [2023 武汉武昌区期中] It’s everyone’s job to ________ a clean and comfortableenvironment in the classroom ________ students.A. provide; withB. offer; toC. provide; toD. offer; /10. Each of the students in my class ________ the museum at least twice.A. have gone toB. have been toC. has gone toD. has been to二、[原创题] 完形填空(每小题1 分, 共10 分)A merchant (商人) went to the market and there he saw a fine camel. After a long bargain(讨价还价) with the owner of the camel, he bought it for a good 11 .On reaching home, the merchant began to 12 the camel. Suddenly, he found a small cloth bag which was hidden under the saddle (鞍). When he opened it, he was 13 to find that it was filled with expensive diamonds and jewels (钻石和珠宝).“I have bought a camel, and I14 for the camel not for diamonds. I must return it immediately. ”Soon he hurriedly returned to the market to find the man from whom he bought that camel.Soon, the merchant found him and returned him the 15 .The man was delighted to see that bag and said, “Thank you so much for r eturning it. You can choose any one diamond from the bag as a reward. ”The merchant replied, “I don’t need any16 and reward for returning this. ”As much as the merchant was 17 , the man was still insisting (坚持)!At last the merchant smiled and s aid, “In fact, when I decided to bring back the bag, I had already kept the most 18 thing out of it!”After listening to this, the man became so angry that he emptied the bag to count his diamonds and jewels! But 19 was there.“There is not even one missing from the bag. 20 what was the most expensive thing you got from it?” asked the man in surprise.The merchant said, “Oh, it’s honesty. ”11. A. price B. day C. time D. place12. A. help B. sell C. climb D. feed13. A. afraid B. lucky C. excited D. surprised14. A. looked B. asked C. paid D. served15. A. bag B. animal C. money D. cloth16. A. promise B. thanks C. prize D. advice17. A. inviting B. introducing C. refusing D. explaining18. A. expensive B. useful C. beautiful D. popular19. A. nothing B. something C. everyone D. everything20. A. So B. While C. And D. Or三、阅读理解(每小题2 分, 共50 分)A21. What does Raven think of the amount of their homework?A. Unfair.B. Necessary.C. Terrible.D. Acceptable.22. How long does it take Robin to finish his homework every day?A. About 15 minutes.B. About 30 minutes.C. About 45 minutes.D. About an hour.23. How often do Polish students make a presentation in class?A. Always.B. Often.C. Sometimes.D. Never.24. For which subject does Nina get thought-provoking projects?A. Math.B. English.C. Chemistry.D. Physics.25. The passage mainly tells us ________.A. how teachers give lessons in other countriesB. what students’ homework is like in other countriesC. what subjects are offered to students in other countriesD. what after-school activities students have in other countriesBIt was Saturday again. Lily and Lucy disliked Saturdays. That was another thing the twins had in common. They shared the same clothes and tied their hair in the same manner. In fact, it was hard for their classmates and teachers to tell them apart sometimes.Unlike their classmates, they had to get up early at seven every Saturday to prepare for their lessons. Lily had to attend the art lesson and Lucy had to attend her ballet lesson. “How I wish I could do something different today, ” said the twins with one voice. All at once, an idea came to Lily and Lucy at the same time. “Do you have the same idea as mine?” they asked each other and laughed. It seemed like a wonderful plan to them. After giving each other a description of their own friends, Lily put on Lucy’s ballet dress while Lucy put Lily’s brushes and paints into her bag. Then they left for their classes.When the art lesson started, Lucy couldn’t understand the art teacher. Unlike Lily, Lucy was po or at drawing. When the art lesson finally ended, Lucy didn’t dare to hand in her work.Meanwhile, Lily was struggling in the ballet class as well. As she had no idea about the dance steps, she had to follow her classmates blindly. As a result, she kept knocking into them. Their ballet teacher became impatient with her, “Lucy, you should remember the basic steps. You can’t depend on copying what others are doing. ”When Lily and Lucy arrived home, they were tired out. They decided that they would never try to be someone else that they were not.26. What was the twins’ plan?A. To have a day off.B. To be each other for a day.C. To wear the same clothes.D. To have a normal day like their classmates.27. How did Lucy feel at the beginning of the art lesson?A. Lost.B. Excited.C. Mad.D. Sleepy.28. What does the underlined word “them” refer to?A. The teachers.B. The classmates.C. The dance steps.D. The ballet dresses.29. The ballet teacher became impatient because _______.A. she w asn’t herself that dayB. “Lucy” wasn’t patient that dayC. “Lucy” did very badly that dayD. she had discovered the twins’ plan30. What did the twins learn from the experience?A. Don’t try to run before you can walk.B. A good beginning makes a good ending.C. Saying is one thing and doing is another.D. The grass is not always greener on the other side.CThe Little Prince was written by a French pilot and writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. It is one of the most famous books around the world. It was published in 1943. _________ This story has been translated into 42 languages and was adapted into a movie.The little prince lives on a small planet alone. He leads a happy life. One day the winds bring him a seed. The seed then turns into the loveliest flower he has ever seen. He takes good care of the flower, but finally he decides to leave it and his planet to look for a secret —the most important thing in his life.During his journey in space, the little prince meets a king, a businessman, a lamplighter and a geographer. They all live alone on different planets. At last he finds out the secret from a fox of the Earth. Before he returns to his planet, he tells his secret to the writer of the book, whom he meets in the desert. The secret is: the power of love.When you read this touching and moving story of the little prince, you can’t help smiling and feeling the beauty of life and love in your heart.31. What does Antoine de Saint-Exupéry do?A. A prince.B. A writer and teacher.C. A pilot and writer.D. A bookseller.32. After reading the passage, we can’t know ________.A. who adapted the book into a movieB. when the book was publishedC. what the book is aboutD. who wrote the book33. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The little prince met the writer of the book in the desert.B. The flower asked the little prince to look for the most important thing in hislife.C. The writer of the book told the little prince the secret.D. The secret is the power of knowledge.34. The underlined word “touching” means “________” in Chinese.A. 无聊的B. 感人的C. 惊讶的D. 失望的35. How many people are mentioned (提及) in the story introduction?A. Only one.B. Five.C. Six.D. Eight.DMario was a famous and successful businessman. Once he joined an important meeting. The office woman asked for his e-mail address. To her surprise, he didn’t have an e-mail address. “You don’t have an e-mail address, but you have such a big company. What you could be if you had an e-mail address? ” He replied, “An office man!” He told her the following story when he looked at her amazing face.When he was a young man, he lost his job and looked for one. In a newspaper he found a job of an office man and asked for it. The manager interviewed him and gave him a test. At last the manager said, “You pass the interview. Now give me your e-mail address so that I can send you further information and the joining letter. ” Mario said he didn’t have any e-mail address.The manager said, “What? If you have no e-mail address, that means you can’t live and can’t get this job. ”Mario didn’t know what to do as he had only 200 cents left. He didn’t want to go home without a job. He decided to go to the supermarket and buy 10 kg of vegetablesand then w ent door to door to sell them. He couldn’t sell out them until evening, but he made money two times of the money.This made him realize that he could make money through this. He went to the supermarket to buy fresh vegetables early in the morning every day and then sold them the whole day. He worked very hard and 5 years later he became successful. Then he had his own company.He said, “If we look for something and don’t get it, we shouldn’t lose hope and we should keep trying.”36. What did the office w oman feel when she knew Mario didn’t have an e-mailaddress?A. She felt excited.B. She felt angry.C. She felt amazed.D. She felt funny.37. Where did Mario know the information about the new job?A. On the Internet.B. In a magazine.C. In a book.D. In a newspaper.38. What did the manager mean in the third paragraph?A. He couldn’t give the job to Mario.B. He thought Mario was cheating him.C. He would give Mario an e-mail address.D. He planned to help Mario make more money.39. How much money did Mario have on the first selling evening?A. 200 cents.B. 300 cents.C. 400 cents.D. 600 cents.40. What’s the best title for the passage?A. We need to have our own ideaB. We should never lose our hopeC. We must learn to find a jobD. We can try many different jobsE [2023 珠海文园中学期中]Bamboo is one of nature’s most surprising plants. It is a kind of grass, thoughmany people call it a tree.Like other kinds of grass, although you cut it very low to the ground, it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew nearly 1.5 meters in 24 hours. Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are over 1,000 kinds of bamboo and they grow around the world on both mountains and plains (平原).Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are thick. They may grow to more than 30 centimeters across while others may only grow to be a few centimeters wide. They may also have different colors, like yellow, black and green.Bamboo is a kind of utility plant. Many Asian countries use it to make many things such as hats and kitchen tools. And it is used to build buildings or support new buildings and bridges. In fact, the cables that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo.In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These farmers need cheap ways to water the fields because they have no money. Bamboo pipes (管子) can help them bring water to their thirsty fields without much money.41. How is bamboo like grass according to the passage?A. It is thin and easy to cut.B. It grows everywhere.C. It is short and green.D. It grows quickly after it’s cut short.42. We can infer (推断) from Paragraph 2 that _________.A. a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three daysB. the Japanese scientist is good at growing bamboo plantsC. bamboo is able to grow well in any part of the worldD. mountains are the best places for the bamboo to grow43. The underlined word “utility” in Paragraph 4 probably means _________.A. differentB. importantC. usefulD. colorful44. Why do the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to use bamboo?A. Because it is used by Asians.B. Because it is cheap.C. Because it is strong.D. Because it grows fast.45. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. There are many different kinds of bamboo in different colors.B. Some bamboo plants are thick, but others are thin.C. Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering.D. Engineers in Africa don’t want to spend money.四、词汇运用(每小题2 分, 共10 分)从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空。

八年级物理下册期末综合检测试卷附解析1

八年级物理下册期末综合检测试卷附解析1一、选择题1．下列物理常识，说法正确的是（）A．托起两个鸡蛋的力大约是1NB．一个中学生所受重力大约是45﹣70NC．我们当地的大气压强约为1000 PaD．一个标准大气压可支持的水柱高约为760 mm2．下列与流体压强有关的现象和应用中叙述正确的是（）A．小轿车高速行驶时，对水平路面的压力小于其重力B．吊扇在工作时，对天花板的拉力大于其重力C．高速行驶的列车产生的强大的气流会把靠近的人向外推倒D．平行于窗户的风吹过敞开的窗子时，窗帘会被吹向室内一侧3．如图所示是“探究阻力对物体运动的影响”的实验，下列有关叙述正确的是（）A．三次实验小车从斜面静止下滑的位置可以不同B．运动的小车最终会停下来，说明物体的运动需要力来维持C．实验表明，小车受到的阻力越小，运动的距离越远D．根据二次实验现象进一步推理可以得出牛顿第一定律4．下列实例中，目的是为了增大压强的是（）A．书包带做得较宽B．刀刃做得很薄C．坦克装有宽大的履带D．大型平板拖车装有很多轮子5．在一根表面涂蜡的细木棍的一端绕着适量的铁丝，把它放到甲、乙、丙三种密度不同的液体中，木棍浸入液体里的情况如图所示，则木棍在三种液体中受到的浮力F的大小及三个容器底部受到的液体的压强p的大小关系分别是（）A．F甲=F乙=F丙p甲=p乙=p丙B．F甲<F乙<F丙p甲<p乙<p丙C．F甲<F乙<F丙p甲=p乙=p丙D．F甲=F乙=F丙p甲>p乙>p丙6．如图所示，用一个始终水平向右的力F，把杠杆OA从图示位置缓慢拉至水平的过程中，力F的大小将（）A．变小B．不变C．变大D．先变大后变小7．如图所示，质量相等的甲、乙两个薄壁圆柱形容器内分别盛有深度相同的A、B两种液体，且ρA=2ρB。

两容器的底面积分别为S甲和S乙，且S乙=2S甲。

现将两个相同的小球分别放入甲、乙两容器中（没有液体溢出），小球在B液体中处于悬浮状态。

2019---2020学年度八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含答案解析) (19)

八年级英语科期末检测题(A)( Unit 1 —— Unit 10 )说明：1.全卷共8页，考试用时100分钟(听力考试时间约15分钟)，满分120分。

2.必须使用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上指定的栏目里填写，如需改动，先划来的答案，然后再写新的答案.不能使用铅笔、红色笔和涂改液，否则无效。

3.必须用规定的2B铅笔将答题卡上的选择题答题区中与试卷第一大题(A、B、C部分)第二、第三、第四大题中对应的小题所选的选项涂黑.第一大题(D部分)、第五、六题的答案填写在答题卡非选择题答题区相应位置上。

一、听力理解(本大题分A.B.C.D四部分，共25分)A、听句子(本节有5小题，每小题1分，共5分)根据所听句子的内容和所提问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，在各题所给的三个项中选出最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

每小题听一遍。

1、What would Lucy get for her birthday?2、How is Jane going to school today?3、Which sign is talked about?4、Where may Mr.Black be now?5、What do the girl want to be when she grows up?B、听对话(本节小题，每小题1分，共10分)根据所听对话内容回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

每段对话听两遍。

听第一段对话，回答第6小题6. How does Jim come to school when it snows?A. By bus.B. By bikeC. By subway听第二段对话，回答第7小题7、 Why is Peter late again?A.He got up lateB. There was heavy traffic.C.His bike was broken.听第三段对话，回答第8小题8、Why does the boy want to get a handbag for his mother7A. I’t her birthdayB. It's Mothers Day.C. His mother has a handbag.听第四段对话，回答第9小题9, Where are they going?A. To Jim's home.B. To the hospital.C. To the school.听第五段对话，回答第10小题10. When did Lucy's family move to America?A. Inl988B. In 1994.C.In 1996.听第六段对话，回答第11-12小题11. What time will they meet?A. At 4 : 00.B. At 4 : 15.C. At 4:30.12. How will they go to the shops?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. By taxi.听第七段对话，回答第13-15小题13. What's Sandy probably doing no"?A. Cleaning the roomB. Having lunchC. Making a telephone call14, When will Sandy and Holly meet?A. At 4:00 P. MB. At 4:30 P. MC. At 5 00 P. M15. Where will Holly wait for Sandy?A. At the school gateB. In the classroomC. In front of the school library C、听短文(本节有5小题，每小题1分，共5分)请你根据所听到的内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个能完成所给句子的最佳选项，并1W题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

沪科版八年级下学期物理期末考试(A卷)(原卷版)

班级姓名学号分数沪科版八年级下学期期末考试（A卷）一．选择题（共15小题，满分30分，每小题2分）1．（2分）下列估测中最接近实际的是（）A．一支体温计的质量约2kgB．一名中学生受到的重力约50NC．一名中学生站立时对地面压强约500PaD．将2个鸡蛋举高1m做功约1J2．（2分）如图所示实验中，得出的结论不正确的是（）A．甲：用力推另一只船，自己的船也动起来，说明力的作用是相互的B．乙：用力推木箱，木箱没有推动，是因为推力等于摩擦力C．丙：松手后小卡片转动，说明不在同一直线上的两个力不是平衡力D．丁：测力计示数小于物体的重力，说明使用斜面既省力又省距离3．（2分）下列关于力的作用效果，不同于其它三个的是（）A．小铁球的运动轨迹发生改变B．被运动员用力拉开弓C．被钢尺击打的棋子飞出D．橡皮绕手做圆周运动4．（2分）如图所示的装置中，不是利用大气压强工作的是（）A．吊针输液B．高压锅做饭C．吸尘器工作D．抽水机抽水5．（2分）在物理实验室我们常使用托盘天平测量物体的质量。

请你根据学过的杠杆知识判断托盘天平属于（）A．省力杠杆B．费力杠杆C．等臂杠杆D．不确定6．（2分）关于流体的流速与压强的关系，下列说法错误的是（）A．战斗机利用气流在机翼上下表面压力差，而产生向上的升力，使飞机可以停在空中B．并排航行的两艘船会相撞是因为液体流速越大压强越小C．往两纸片中间吹气，纸片合拢D．当气流经过化油器上一段突然变窄的管道时，汽油被喷到气流中，混合后变成雾状7．（2分）下列事例中利用惯性的一组是（）①火车进站前，撤去动力，仍能进站②用力拍打被子，使被子上的灰尘落下③上岸后的鸭子，振动翅膀，把身上的水抖掉④汽车行驶时，司机系着安全带A．②③④B．①③④C．①②③D．①②④8．（2分）一艘轮船从长江驶入大海（ρ江水＜ρ海水），下列关于该艘轮船说法正确的是（）A．会浮起一些，因为海水密度更大，所以排水量变大B．会浮起一些，但排水量不变，浮力不变C．会下沉一些，船受到的浮力不变D．因为始终漂浮，所受浮力不变，所以不会浮起一些，也不会下沉一些9．（2分）如图所示，容器甲、乙内盛有液面相平的水，两容器以管道相连通，管道中带有相当于开关的阀门K，当把阀门K打开后，水将会（）A．从a流向b B．从b流向aC．保持静止不流动D．以上三种情况都有可能10．（2分）“歼20”舰载机从1000m高空匀速降落到航空母舰的过程中（）A．动能减少，重力势能减少B．动能不变，重力势能减少C．动能不变，机械能增加D．动能不变，机械能不变11．（2分）下列实例中，为了增大摩擦的是（）A．旱冰鞋装有轮子B．拔河用力握绳C．冰壶比赛刷冰D．机器加润滑油12．（2分）下列关于浮力的说法正确的是（）A．轮船从长江驶入大海，所受的浮力变大B．浮在液体表面上的物体所受的浮力大小等于物体的重力C．浸在液体中的物体所受的浮力大小大于物体的重力D．鸡蛋放入清水中沉在杯子底部是因为鸡蛋在清水中不受浮力13．（2分）如图，小明分别用甲、乙两相同滑轮把同一桶沙从一楼地面提到二楼地面。

【部编版】语文八年级下册《期末检测卷》含答案解析

2019-2020学年度第二学期期末测试八年级语文试题A卷(100分)第1卷（选择题，共24分）一、基础知识与语言积累（每小题3分，共12分）1.下面加点字的注音完全正确的一项是A. 贮．藏（zhù）提．防（dī）空穴．来风（xuè）B. 褴．褛（lán）蓓蕾．（lěi）人才济．济（jǐ）C. 贸．然（mào）狭窄．（zǎi）相形见绌．（chù）D. 创．伤（chuàng）笨拙．（zhuō）一泻．千里（xiè）2.下列词语中书写完全正确的一项是（）A. 苦脑矫健针砭时弊妄费心机B. 引伸谗言耀武扬威轻歌慢舞C. 羁绊简陋鬼鬼祟祟再接再厉D. 蹒跚坦诚屈指可数千均一发3.下列语句中加点的成语使用有误的一项是A. 为了在科技比赛中体现创新精神，许多同学异想天开．．．．，设计了各种造型的航空模型，得到了学校师生的广泛好评。

B. 成都有锦里、宽窄巷子、太平巷里等著名景点，这些地方的建筑精致、小巧，鳞次栉比．．．．。

C. 商务部新闻发言人高峰9月6日表示，如果美方一意孤行．．．．，中方将视美方行动采取必要的反制措施。

D. 2018年《开学第一课》共分为四节课，令别为“梦想”“奋斗”“探索”‘未来“，多角度诠释了对创造的理解，让观众获益匪浅．．．．。

4.下列语句中没有语病的一项是A. 记者从国家医保局了解到，全国跨省异地就医定点医疗机构数已超过1万余家，直接结算近60万人次。

B. 丰富心灵的方式需要到大自然中去感受，到有文化积淀的地方去游历，包括欣赏艺术作品等方面的体验。

C. 网购是当前最时尚的一种购物方式，人们可以通过网络平台一系列的交易活动。

D. 四川特色农业形成了“宜宾一泸州川西南早茶产业”“德阳一眉山泡菜产业”“成都蒲江一眉山丹棱柑桔产业”等产业集群二、课内文言文阅读（每小题3分，共12分）阅读下面文言文，完成下面小题。

【甲】虽有佳肴，弗食，不知其旨也。

2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语期末考试试卷A卷 (2)

2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语期末考试试卷A卷 (2)一、听小对话，请从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

（每小题1分 (共5题；共5分)1. （1分）听录音，选出正确答案（）A . A pig.B . A dog.C . A cat.2. （1分）How does Jim go to school?A . Take a bus.B . Take a taxi.C . Ride a bike.3. （1分）Is Tony's nose big or small?A . Big.B . Small.C . Middle.4. （1分）Why does Tina look tired?A . She didn't have breakfast.B . She didn't sleep well last night.C . She watched a cartoon late at night.5. （1分）What does Kate ask Jim to do?A . Turn down the radio.B . Turn down the TV.C . Turn down the computer.二、听较长对话，请从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项，回答问题 (共2题；共10分)6. （4分）听下面一段对话，回答第小题（1）What is the woman?A . A restaurant owner.B . An interviewer.C . A cafe waitress.（2）When do people in New York usually go to restaurants?A . Between 5 and 6 p.m.B . Between 7 and 8:30 p.m.C . Between 8 and 9 p. m.（3）Which restaurants are getting popular with people in London?A . Indian restaurants.B . South American restaurants.C . Italian restaurants.7. （6分）听下面一段对话，回答问题.（1）When could he ride the bike?A . 8.B . 9.C . 10.（2）Who taught him to ride?A . His father.B . Himself.C . Jim.三、听独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答 (共1题；共10分)8. （10分）听下面一段独白，回答问题。

2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语期末质量检测试卷A卷

2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语期末质量检测试卷A卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单项选择 (共15题；共30分)1. （2分）They arrived early ____ a Tuesday morning.A . onB . atC . inD . of2. （2分）—Is this ruler ?—No, it isn't. _____ is yellow. It's _____.A . your; My; herB . your; Mine; herC . yours; Mine; hersD . your; my; hers.3. （2分）—Tom said he planned to sell his shop and go to a medical school. It ___________ be true, right?—Well, you're probably wrong. He always wants to learn medicine, you know.A . shouldn'tB . can'tC . needn'tD . mustn't4. （2分）—Can Lucy ________？—Yes, here are some of her pictures.A . drawB . singC . swimD . dance5. （2分）I am from ________. It's a beautiful country.A . ChineseB . JapaneseC . EnglishD . America6. （2分）Teachers teach students not only more ______________ but also good behaviours.A . knowledgeB . problemsC . changesD . energy7. （2分）—What are you going to do when you grow up?—My ________ is to become an astronaut.A . hobbyB . dreamC . jobD . advice8. （2分）—Confucius Institute (孔子学院) has been set up in many other countries.— Yes, Chinese is _______ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese.A . hardlyB . widelyC . neverD . seldom9. （2分）Bob is sitting ______ his computer and playing computer games.A . in front ofB . in the front ofC . in the center of10. （2分）If someone _______ a thing to you, he or she suggests that you would find that thing good or useful.A . encouragesB . describesC . recommends11. （2分）—Are there any people in the sports room？—No. It's______. It is very dark. I suppose there aren't any people in it.A . fullB . emptyC . clean12. （2分）In the past few years, many schools the ways of doing morning exercises.A . changeB . changesC . will changeD . have changed13. （2分）—How do you like the concert given by EXO?—Exciting, one piece of the music wasn't played quite well.A . thoughB . becauseC . so14. （2分）—________do you go to the library?— Seldom.A . How oftenB . How longC . How many timesD . How much15. （2分）— ?—Yes, please. I would like a pair of shoes.A . Can I help youB . Here you areC . What's thisD . How old are you二、完形填空 (共1题；共1分)16. （1分）完形填空Francesca picked up her seven-year-old son from school one afternoon. Isaac proudly showed his mother what he had made at school that day. It was a 1made of brightly colored paper. "It's for Father's Day," Isaac explained. The card was cut into the shape of a man's dress shirt with a drawing of a tie. Inside the card, Isaac had 2the words "Happy Father's Day."Francesca didn't know much about Father's Day because it wasn't something 3 in her home country. So she asked her neighbor Genny about it. Genny told her that Father's Day, like Mother's Day, is a(an) 4 in the United States. It is always celebrated on the second Sunday in June. People give fathers cards, presents, go out to eat at a restaurant, or do something 5that day. "It's a day to show gratitude(感激) to your father," Genny explained.Francesca understood, but she also felt a little 6. While the Father's Day card Isaac made was nice, Isaac's father never wore a dress shirt or a tie. Isaac's father, Tim, wore a uniform to work. On his days off, he liked to dress casually and 7.Francesca had an idea. She went shopping the day before Father's Day to get her husband a surprise. On Father's Day morning, she and Isaac gave Tim a box wrapped（包着）up in nice paper. "Happy Father's Day," Francesca and Isaac 8.When Tim unwrapped the box, he 9. Inside the box was the Father's DayCard Isaac made in school. Also inside the box were a dress shirt and a tie. They were the same10 as the card Isaac made. Tim, Francesca and Isaac went next door to Genny's house for a barbecue. Tim wore the dress shirt and the tie.（1）A . cardB . boxC . pictureD . letter（2）A . listedB . writtenC . circledD . drawn（3）A . happenedB . foundC . heldD . celebrated（4）A . eventB . storyC . holidayD . activity （5）A . interestingB . importantC . excitingD . special （6）A . badB . sadC . upsetD . nervous （7）A . attractivelyB . comfortablyC . strangelyD . tidily（8）A . interruptedB . promisedC . shoutedD . signed（9）A . understoodB . refusedC . doubtedD . laughed（10）A . designB . priceC . sizeD . color三、阅读理解 (共4题；共40分)17. （10分）阅读理解One day a farmer Mr Dean came to town and bought four donkeys(驴). He got on one of them and went back home. On the way, Mr Dean found there were only three donkeys walking along with him."One, two, three, where is the fourth one?" Mr Dean got down from the donkey and counted(数)again. "One, two, three, four. Good!" he rode back on the donkey.When he got home, Mrs Dean met him in front of their house .She said, "Did you buy them at good prices?""Yes, I did," Mr Dean looked at the donkeys and said. "Oh, no! I bought four, but there are three again"Mrs Dean looked at him and said, "You stupid(愚蠢的)old man. You see only three donkeys, but I see five."（1）Mr Dean bought donkeys.A . twoB . threeC . fourD . five（2）We can learn from the passage.A . Mr Dean had a big farmB . Mr Dean was smartC . Mrs Dean couldn't countD . the donkeys were cheap（3）what is the best title(最佳标题)for the passage?A . Mrs Dean and her donkeys.B . How many(多少)donkeys were there?C . A lovely old farmer.D . An old farmer's day.18. （10分）阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

人教版英语八年级下册期末综合测评

期末综合测评(时间: 90分钟分值: 100分)第Ⅰ卷听力部分(15分)Ⅰ.听句子,选答语(5分)1.A.No, not at all. B.You are welcome. C.Nothing serious.2.A.No, that’s not interesting. B.That’s creative. C.I don’t think so.3.A.Yes, I do. B.Yes, I have. C.Yes, I did.4.A.No, thanks. B.No, I wouldn’t. C.Sorry, I don’t know.5.A.I went there last week. B.I will take a camera. C.I don’t like it.Ⅱ.听对话和问题,选择正确答案。

对话和问题读两遍(5分)6.A.Dancing. B.Listening to music. C.Playing tennis.7.A.In the dinning hall. B.In the classroom. C.In the cinema.8.A.Because the room is noisy.B.Because the girl speaks too loudly.C.Because the boy is deaf.9.A.The sweater. B.The shirt. C.The jeans.10.A.By train. B.By plane. C.By car.Ⅲ.听短文,选择正确答案。

短文读两遍(5分)11.Tom liked to watch TV with after supper.A.his father and motherB.his sisterC.his grandparents12.His parents let Tom stay long.A.neverB.sometimesC.often13.One evening Tom asked his mother for.A.an eggB.an appleC.an orange14.His mother didn’t want to give him anything to eat.A.in the morningB.in the afternoonC.at bedtime15.From the story we know.A.Tom was a quiet boyB.Tom was a bad boyC.Tom was a clever boy第Ⅱ卷笔试部分(85分)Ⅳ.单项选择(10分)16.All of us students must work hard our dreams.A.to realizeB.realizeC.realizingD.to realizing17.I used to the bus, but now I am used to walking.A.takeB.takingC.tookD.taken18.The people in that area met lots of difficulties, but they didn’t hope.A.pick upB.give upC.look forD.wait for19.—How long you the library book?—For only three hours.A.did; borrowB.have; keptC.were; keptD.have; borrowed20.I hope my hometown is an amazing place any pollution.A.withB.withoutC.outD.in21.—I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. Why?—I for an important call at the office at that moment.A.waitB.waitedC.am waitingD.was waiting22.Basketball is so exciting that people play it for fun.lionB.two millionslion oflions of23.—Why do you collect so many old bikes?—I’ll have them and give away to the children who don’t have bikes.ed upB.taken upC.fixed upD.set up24.—What was Jim wearing at the party?—Nothing. He was in his usual shirt and jeans.A.specialB.simpleC.importantD.interesting25.—Would you like to your old things to poor children?—Yes, I’d love to.A.take offB.put upC.put offD.give awayⅤ.完形填空(10分)I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys.26 I would hurry past such sellers. But I found this young man was 27, so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see how he sold his things.Soon, a young mother with a little girl came by and the child set 28 eyes on one of the teddy bears. The mother asked for the 29 and it was only one dollar. She 30 out a 10-dollar note from her handbag and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the 31 back. I was wondering how he was going to give it back. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag 32 around his neck and take out her change.I realized that this young man depended on believing people not to cheat him. There was no way for him to know 33 someone would take out more than he should have. I was so 34. I bought a car model from him that I did not need. As I walked down the street, I gave the car model to a kid walking with his father.I kept thinking that the world would be a better place if we could all learn to 35 others more, like the young blind street seller.ually B.Exactly C.Hardly D.Probably27.A.wise B.blind C.handsome D.strange28.A.its B.their C.her D.his29.A.man B.child C.price D.help30.A.threw B.cleared C.gave D.pulled31.A.change B.note C.bill D.money32.A.turning B.hanging C.looking D.showing33.A.where B.what C.why D.if34.A.excited B.interested C.surprised D.touched35.A.help B.understand C.trust D.manageⅥ.阅读理解(20分)AAlmost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health?“Health”means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let’s read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy.1.Eat a variety of food,especially fruit and vegetables.We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite food. Remember that we can only get the nutrition(营养) we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables.2.Drink water and milk most often.Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium(钙) to grow strong bones, and milk is rich in it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and cola. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar only includes calories(热量), not important nutrition.3.Listen to your body.When you are eating,notice how your body feels.When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.4.Limit screen time.What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like basketball, and doing other activities like riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.36.In this passage,“health” includes all of the following EXCEPT .A.eating wellB.doing more exerciseC.having a healthy weightD.wearing comfortable clothes37.The underlined phrase “a variety of” means “”.A.plenty ofB.all kinds ofC.the rest ofD.a lot of38.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Eating more fruit and vegetables is good for us.B.We should eat and drink things with little sugar.C.We should spend the same time on both sitting-down activities and sports.D.When we are full, we should stop eating, no matter how delicious the food is.39.Screen time is not the time that you spend .A.playing computer gamesB.watching moviesC.watching TVD.playing sports40.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.How to eat healthy food.B.Eating and playing are both important.C.Suggestions for staying healthy.D.Health is very important.B(2019·内蒙古呼和浩特中考)One day a young man was standing in a crowded place, shouting that he had the most beautiful heart in the world. Most of the people who saw his heart were amazed at the beauty of his heart. It had no little flaw(瑕疵).Suddenly, an old man appeared and said, “Oh, my son, your heart is not as beautiful as mine.”The old man showed his heart to the young man. It was beating strongly, but full of scars. It had places where pieces had been removed and other pieces put in. But they didn’t fit quite right, and there were gaps and rough(崎岖不平的) edges. Some places had never been filled in.The young man laughed, “My dear old man, ▲ Comparing your heart with mine, mine is perfect and yours is full of scars.”The old man said, “Dear boy, my heart is just as beautiful as your heart. You see, each scar shows where I have given my love. Sometimes people give me a piece of their heart back, and it fills the space as best it can. Other times, I give my love and get nothing in return. Those are the empty spaces. They hurt, but they show me that I can love and love again.”The young man stood still. His eyes were filled with tears. He walked up to the old man, tore a piece of his heart and gave the piece to the old man.The old man placed it in his heart, and then took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound in the young man’s heart.The young man looked at his heart, not perfect any more but more beautiful than ever.41.The underlined word “scar” means “” in Chinese.A.疤痕B.隔阂C.斑点D.补丁42.Which of the following can be put in “▲”?A.I quite agree with you!B.it’s against the rules!C.are you joking?D.what can I do for you?43.How did the young man feel after he heard what the old man said?A.Surprised.B.Touched.C.Nervous.D.Proud.44.What does the story want to tell us?A.We shouldn’t be proud of who we are.B.We shouldn’t think too much of ourselves.C.Nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.D.Give our love, though we sometimes get nothing in return.45.What’s the best title for the passage?A.A Broken HeartB.The Most Beautiful HeartC.A Wise Old ManD.What is True Love?Ⅶ.任务型阅读(10分)Failure is what often happens. It is everywhere in our life. Students may fail in exams, scientists may fail in their research work, and players may fail in competitions. (A) Although failure happens to everyone, but different people’s attitudes(态度) towards failure are different.Some people don’t think that their failure is an important thing at all. So they pay no attention to it. As a result, they will have the (B)failure later. Some people think they themselves are fools and lose heart in everything after they get a failure. Then they (C) their time and energy on useless things. At last, they may really be fools as they have thought. (D)Other people are quite different from the two kinds of people mentioned above. Instead of being hopeless and lost, they draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced. (E) they, after, will, hard, in, work, be, the, successful, end. So we should draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced.46.(A)处句中有一处错误, 请找出并改正(可用文字叙述)47.在(B)、(C)处的横线上分别填上一个单词(B)(C)48.将(D)处句子译成汉语:49.将(E)处的单词连成句子:50.请从下面的选项中给短文选个标题, 将答案填在此横线上:A.Draw a lesson from every failure.B.The attitudes towards failure.C.Failure is everywhere in our life.D.Failure is very important.Ⅷ.词汇运用(10分)A.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词51.He is s to his brother.52.Could you please take the r out when you go out?53.The trip to Beijing d on the weather.54.You can find a store on the o side of the street.55.—I have t in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me with it? —Sure, I’d love to.B.用所给单词的适当形式填空56.I (have) these soft toys since I was a child.57.—I called you at seven last night, but you didn’t answer.—I’m terribly sorry. I (help) my mom at that time.58.Miss Wang always makes her English classes (interest).59.Mom, I volunteer (wash) the plates today.60.He is now one of (popular) basketball players in the NBA.Ⅸ.补全对话(有两项多余)(10分)A: Hi, Janet. Would you like to help protect the environment?B: Yes. But what can I do first?A: 61.B: Yes, that’s easy. Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking. What’s next?A: Second, you can ride a bicycle. 62.B: That will save money, too. What else?A: Third, try to recycle paper.B: Mm, newspapers, magazines, mail... 63. Good idea.A: The fourth idea is turning off the shower when you’re not using it.B: You mean when I have shampoo in my hair?A: Yes. Get wet. 64. Put the shampoo in your hair and then turn on the shower and wash it out. B: Will that help protect the environment?A: Yes, we have to save water. And fifth, take a bag when you go shopping. 65.B: OK. My parents do most of the shopping. I’ll tell them.Ⅹ.书面表达(15分)某英文报社正就青少年与父母关系这一话题开展题为“How to keep a good relationship with parents.”的征文活动。

物理八年级下册期末综合检测试卷含解析1

物理八年级下册期末综合检测试卷含解析1一、选择题1．下列关于中学生相关估算中正确的是（）A．质量为500kgB．重力为500NC．密度为5×103kg/m3D．伸开的一只手掌受到的大气压力为1.0×105N2．“足球进校园”一直是热议话题，足球运动中蕴含着许多物理知识，下列说法正确的是（）A．球员用力把足球踢入球门，说明力的作用效果只与力的大小有关B．足球在空中飞行时受到了运动员的踢力作用C．足球在草地上越滚越慢是因为受到重力作用D．守门员双手抱球使足球停下来，表明力可以改变物体的运动状态3．如图所示，小伙伴们在玩滑板车，脚蹬地后，人和车一起沿水平路面向前运动。

下列说法正确的是（）A．人对车的压力和车对人的支持力是一对平衡力B．蹬地时，地面对脚的摩擦力方向是向前的C．停止蹬地后，车最终会停下来，说明运动需要力来维持D．车在滑行过程中所受的力突然全部消失，车将立即停下来4．下列实例中，目的是为了增大压强的是（）A．书包带做得较宽B．刀刃做得很薄C．坦克装有宽大的履带D．大型平板拖车装有很多轮子5．很多动物为了适应自身生存的环境，进化出了符合一定物理规律的身体部位，对此，从物理学的角度给出的下列解释中正确的是（）A ．骆驼的蹄比马的大，可以减小压力，从而使其在沙摸中行走自如B ．鱼类体内有鳔，通过鳔的调节作用从而改变自身重力来实现下沉和上浮C ．壁虎的脚掌上有许多“吸盘”，从而增大了摩擦力使其在玻璃窗上也不会掉下来D ．啄木鸟的喙很尖细，可以增大压强，从而凿开树皮。

捉到躲在深处的虫子6．《墨经》最早记述了秤的杠杆原理，如图所示，“标”、“本”表示力臂，“权”、“重”表示力，以下说法符合杠杆平衡原理的是（）A ．“权”小于“重”时，A 端一定上扬B ．“权”大于“重”时，“标”一定大于“本”C ．增大“重”时，应把“权”向A 端移D ．减小“重”时，应更换更大的“权”7．把木块放入装满水的溢水杯中，溢出水的体积为V 1（如图甲）；用细针将该木块全部压入水中，溢出水的总体积为V 2（如图乙），忽略细针的体积．则A ．木块的质量为ρ水V 2B ．缓慢下压木块的过程中，溢水杯底部受到水的压强变大C ．木块全部压入水中静止时，细针对木块的压力大小为ρ水gV 2D ．木块的密度为12V V 水8．如图所示是蹦极运动的简化示意图，弹性绳一端固定在O 点，另一端系住运动员，运动员从O 点自由下落，到A 点处弹性绳自然伸直，B 点是运动员受到的重力与弹性绳对运动员拉力相等的点，C 点是蹦极运动员到达的最低点（忽略空气阻力），下列说法正确的是（）A．从O点到C点运动员速度一直减小B．从O点到C点运动员的机械能一直在增大C．从O点到A点运动员的机械能不变D．运动员在A点时速度最大二、填空题9．“北风卷地百草折”中“百草折”表明力可以改变物体的______（选填“形状”或“运动状态”）；在《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中，大风向上卷走了作者的屋顶，是因为屋顶上方空气流速大，压强______（选填“大”或“小”）。

八年级语文(下册期末)综合能力测试卷及答案

八年级语文(下册期末)综合能力测试卷及答案满分：120分考试时间：120分钟一、语言的积累与运用。

（35分）1、下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）A．溃．退（guì）要塞．（sài）偌．大（nuó）不逊．（xùn）B．颁．发（bān）遗嘱．（zhǔ）飞漱．（sù）凌．空（líng）C．翘．首（qiáo）轻盈．（yíng）悄．然（qiǎo）桅．杆（wéi）D．诘．责（jié）镌．刻（juān）气氛．（fèn）督．战（duō）3、下列句子中成语使用正确的一项是（）A．曾国藩为挽救大清危局，殚精竭虑．．．．，鞠躬尽瘁，真可谓挽狂澜于既倒，扶大厦之将倾。

B．在这个购物一条街上，各种品牌鳞次栉比．．．．，人人都能找到自己喜欢的风格。

C．主动认罪与被动认罪虽然最终的结果相同，但是认罪的动机却南辕北辙．．．．。

D．你有什么困难尽管说出来，我们一定鼎力相助．．．．。

4、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．为了避免交通道路不拥挤，各地纷纷出台交通管理新措施。

B．这次比赛的获胜，将决定我们队能否进入决赛阶段。

C．阅读美文不仅可以陶冶个人情操，而且能够提高写作水平。

D．通过这次主题班会课，让我懂得了为什么要节约用水用电。

5、下列各句中，没有运用修辞手法的一项是（）A．两只表在双方的统帅手中，像小乌的心脏似的在嘀嗒嘀嗒地响。

B．还有寂寞的瓦片风筝，没有风轮，又放得很低，伶仃地显出憔悴的模样。

C．这七人端的是谁？不是别人，原来正是晁盖、吴用、公孙胜、刘唐、三阮这七个。

D．当人们陷入某种盲目性之后，往往像陆逊进入诸葛亮的“八阵图”一样，怎么也走不出来。

6、把下面的句子组成一段连贯的话，排序合理的一项是（）①如果这种情况发生的次数多了，就容易造成电梯停梯而等待维修的状态。

②所以，用异物阻挡电梯门时，电梯控制系统感知的是“问题信号”，如果阻挡的时间过长，电梯门多次开合，时间久了，电梯系统就会判断电梯为“有故障”，随即停止工作。