【推荐】新课标2018年高考英语复习题：课时11 阅读理解技法2含答案

课时11 阅读理解技法2Ⅰ.技法解读——高瞻远瞩主旨大意题做主旨大意题时可以通过：(1)寻找主题句，确定文章大意。

在许多情况下，尤其是在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。

(2)抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。

寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找各段落中心的基础上。

各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。

(3)抓主线和关键词，归纳文章中心。

要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句隐含在段落中。

【技法演练】(2015·重庆高考)At thirteen，I was diagnosed(诊所) with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks，I could not.In my first literature class，Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it，all within 45 minutes.I raised my hand right away and said，“Mrs.Smith，you see，the doctor said I have attention problems.I might not be able to do it.”She glanced down at me through her glasses，“You are no different from your classmates，young man.”I tried，but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang.I had to take it home.In the quietness of my bedroom，the story suddenly all became clear to me.It was about a blind person，Louis Braille.He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.But Louis didn't give up.Instead，he invented a reading system of raised dots(点)，which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.Wasn't I the “blind” in my class，being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance.I completed the task within 40 minutes.Indeed，I was no differentfrom others; I just needed a quieter place.If Louis could find his way out of his problems，why should I ever give up?I didn't expect anything when I handled in my paper to Mrs.Smith，so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an“A” on it.At the bottom of the paper were these words：“See what you can do when you keep trying？”What is the main idea of the passage?A．The disabled should be treated with respect.B．A teacher can open up a new world to students.C．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.D．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.Ⅱ.能力提升演练ABees add an estimated eighteen billion dollars a year to the value of American crops. They pollinate(授粉) flowers that become fruits, nuts and vegetables. But, in recent years, honeybee colonies in the United States and Europe have been shrinking. Scientists have proposed different theories to explain what is known as colony collapse disorder.New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide(杀虫剂) could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive. The new research looks at the use of pesticides called neonicotinoids. They were first used in the 1990s. They are now put on the seeds of many major crops around the world. The seedlings absorb the chemical as they grow. That means farmers do not need to spray a whole field. Instead there is a little bit of insecticide inside each plant—including the pollen(花粉) and the nectar(花蜜) that the bees want. There is not enough pesticide to kill them. But the new research in the journal Science says it may harm them anyway.Researchers stuck microchips to the backs of the bees. These chips recorded the bees' movements as they came and went from their hive. The scientists fed some bees sugar water with a low dose of a neonicotinoid. The study found that these bees were about twice as likely not to return as other bees.Dave Goulson at the University of Sterling in Britain worked on another study published in Science. He says the pesticides could help explain why bumblebee populations are also decreasing.Bayer CropScience makes neonicotinoid pesticides. The company's spokesman Jack Boyne disputed the findings. He also notes that researchers are studying other factors that could affect the bees' population. These include parasites，diseases and stress caused by transporting beehives to farms. Some European countries have banned the pesticides. And there are growing calls to ban them in the United States as well.1．The underlined word “shrinking” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”．A．increasing B．decreasingC．disappearing D．continuing2．Why were microchips tied to the backs of the bees?A．To record how much honey the bees produce.B．To test how the bees react to the microchips.C．To find if the insecticide affects the bees' population.D．To keep track of the bees' movements.3．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________．A．the pesticides have been forbidden to use in all European countriesB．Bayer CropScience agrees that the pesticides affect the bees' population。