上海市普陀区2020届高三下学期质量调研(二模)历史试题
上海市普陀区2019届高三下学期质量调研(二模)历史试题附答案解析
上海市普陀区2018—2019学年度高三第二学期质量调研历史试题2019.3一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.某古罗马形制器物上刻有制造日期为“公元前300年”字样，据此推断该器物A. 当是真品，价值较高B. 真假难断，需要佐证C. 历年久远，值得珍藏D. 当是赝品，价值不高【答案】D【解析】【详解】结合所学可知，公元纪年的方式出现于公元6世纪，因此古罗马时期的器物不会出现制造日期为“公元前300年”的字样，所以该器物为赝品，D选项正确。
该器物为赝品，价值不高，没有太大的收藏价值，其他选项错误。
故正确答案为D选项。
2.下列遗址最能体现从“公天下”到“家天下”转折的是A. 姜寨遗址B. 二里头遗址C. 殷墟遗址D. 秦兵马俑坑【答案】B【解析】【详解】结合所学可知，从“公天下”到“家天下”的开始是夏朝禹的儿子启继承王位，所以最能体现从“公天下”到“家天下”转折的遗址是夏朝的二里头遗址，因此B选项正确。
A选项错误，姜寨遗址是新石器中期的遗址；C选项错误，殷墟遗址是商朝时期的遗址；D选项错误，秦兵马俑坑是秦朝时期的遗址。
故正确答案为B选项。
3.下图为“天子与贵族的列鼎数量及肉食种类”，主要反映的西周社会特点是A. 经济繁荣B. 封邦建国C. 礼制文化D. 工艺精湛【答案】C【解析】【详解】结合所学可知，西周时期，青铜器的功能从食器等发展到礼器,，成为王公贵族象征身份地位乃至国家权力的代表性器物，礼器的类型和数量反映了权力的大小和严格的等级界限。
因此C选项正确。
材料主要反映的是体现等级秩序的礼制文化，不是经济繁荣、封邦建国和工艺精湛，其它选项错误。
故正确答案为C 选项。
4.“曹魏”政权位于上下图中的哪一区域A. AB. BC. CD. D【答案】A【解析】【详解】依据图示信息结合所学可知，A区域是“曹魏”政权，B区域是羌族统治区域，C区域是“蜀汉”政权，D区域是“孙吴”政权。
上海市普陀区2020届高三质量调研(二模)英语试题含答案
普陀区2020学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2020 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2020 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do seeparticularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomedmore men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on itscreator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .”Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someoneelse.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .”It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.”I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .”“It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easily Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________ Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.”“ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
上海市普陀区2020届高三质量调研(二模)英语试题有答案(已纠错)
普陀区高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fi sh, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularlystrong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. (29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professionaldevelopment.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____ the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there havefrequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s des perate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Roman ic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row housein Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .”It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.”I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .”“It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easilySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.”“ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in theAmerican Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
上海市普陀区2013届高三历史下学期二模（上海普陀二模）试题
普陀区2012学年度第二学期高三质量调研历史试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟。
试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须涂（选择题）在答题卡上和写（非选择题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号、学校和姓名．并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、选择题（共75分）以下每小题2分，共60分，每题只有一个正确的选项，必须做在答题卡上。
1．从文明形态和政权形式来考量，古代东西方类似于中国的有A．古代印度B．古埃及C．古希腊D．古代两河流域的城邦【答案】B【解析】考察古代东西方文明相通之处。
二者都是文明古国。
都曾建立较长时期统一的中央集权的国家。
故应选B。
2．希腊神话故事里，有一个叫斯芬克斯的怪兽。
它有一个谜语，询问过路的人，谜面是：“早晨用四只脚走路，中午用两只脚走路，傍晚用三只脚走路。
”许多人因回答不出来被它吃掉。
最终少年英雄俄狄浦斯给出了正确的谜底—“人”。
斯芬克斯听了答案，就大叫一了声，从悬崖上跳下去摔死了。
这一故事体现了古希腊怎样的哲学思想A．重视对人自身的探讨B．尊重自然规律C．强调认识世界的主宰D．渴望征服自然【答案】A【解析】考察古代希腊人文主义思潮。
在古代希腊，随着民主政治发展，人在社会中的地位日益突出，越来越多的学者关注“人”本身，由此出现了智者学派，提出“人是万物的尺度”，这种思想在古希腊神话中得到充分体现。
故应选A。
3.20世纪初，历史学家王国维在证明《史记·殷本纪》时总结研究方法说：“吾辈生于今日，幸于纸上之材料外，更得地下之新材料……此二重证据法，唯今日始得为之”。
王国维所言“纸上之材料”与“地下之新材料”分别指的是A.前人笔记与碑刻史料B.古代书籍与竹木简牍C.神话传说与出土文物D.文献记录与甲骨文字【答案】D【解析】考查历史研究之资料。
(6份试卷合集)上海市普陀区重点高中2020届历史高考模拟试卷
历史高考模拟试卷含答案注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题：本题共26小题，每小题2分，共52分。
每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项是符合题意要求的。
1.《尚书》中记载周公曾经告诫康叔说，“元恶大憝（duì，奸恶），矧（shen，况且）惟不孝不友”要“刑兹无赦”。
西周时期告诉权中规定“父子不得相诉，父子将狱，是无上下也”。
这反映了西周时期（）A. 初步确立起儒家伦理道德B. 道德观念与家族政治结合C. 社会秩序实现长期稳定D. 分封制与宗法制相结合2.史学家白寿彝考证后指出：“晋的原县，第一个县大夫为赵衰，称为原季，而继任者为赵衰之子赵同，亦称原同。
”《左传》记载赵简子在作战时宣誓说：“克敌者上大夫受县，下大夫受郡。
”这反映出当时（）A. 宗法制遭到破坏B. 分封等级秩序消失C. 县的面积比郡大D. 郡县行政组织出现3.据古文字学家研究，在殷墟甲骨文中，“帝”字共有三种含义：其一是花蒂的象形。
这象征着殷商种族绵延不绝的本源；其二以“帝”作为祖先神的别称；最后以“帝”或“上帝”称呼天神时，实际上就是把天神当作本宗族的本根。
这反映了在商代（）A. 形成了政教合一的国家B. 将祖先与神的崇拜相结合C. 极力维护贵族等级秩序D. 提出了“君权神授”理论4.下表为不同史籍对于隋大业十三年同一事件的历史记述。
据此能够被认定的历史事实是（）A. 李渊为西河之战主帅B. 殷峤为西河郡长官C. 李建成为西河之战将领D. 李世民攻克了西河郡5.《汉书·百官公卿表》记载，少府属下设有各种主管，如典作兵器铠甲的考工令、主管炼染的平准令、掌管婢缝制衣服及洗补的御府令、造作刀剑及其他器物的尚方令等。
普陀区高三历史二模卷答案
普陀区2009学年度第二学期高三质量调研历史试卷参考答案2010.4二、非选择题（31—38题共90分）31．（12分）（1）百家争鸣；社会转型（或奴隶制崩溃封建制形成）（2分）（2）反对君主专制、限制君权。
（1分）高度的君主专制，商品经济的发展（资本主义萌芽），文化的专制（八股取士）、2分答出3点即可）（3）欧洲的启蒙思想或西方资本主义民主思想（1分）反击了尊孔复古逆流；为进一步思想解放创造条件。
（2分）（4）“两个凡是”。
（1分）改革开放、经济发展，国力增强，人民生活水平提高，国际地位提升。
（3分答出3点即可）32.（8分）（1）清政府闭关锁国，虚骄自大；禁止鸦片输入，维护国家利益；中国是文明礼仪之邦等（任一，1分，其它言之有理即可，不超过2分）。
（2）不能（1分）；原因：1）英国国力强大，不会理会(1分)；2）英国正准备寻机向中国开战，开拓市场（1分）；3）当时英国为君主立宪制，女王并无实权。
（1分）（3）英国是通过议会制订（1分）；而中国根据皇帝旨意制订。
（1分）33．（11分）（1）由恐惧到认同。
（1分）在工业文明的冲击下，中国开始了近代化进程（或促进生活近代化；或人们生活水平提高）。
（1分）（2）新气象：剪发辫；易服饰；接受西方生活习俗成为时尚（2分,）不同：材料一主要是由于电话、自来水自身的优越性。
（1分）材料二则是由于辛亥革命的推动；民主思想的传播；进步人士的提倡；社会心理的认同等。
（2分，任答3点）（3）新观念：崇尚西方；自由民主；重商；享乐等。
（2分，任答2点）看法：实现对陈腐观念的变革，是社会进步的表现；但也丢掉了一些优秀传统。
（2分）34．（12分）答案要点：（1）政治设计：君主立宪政体。
(1分)如何控制：颁布《权利法案》，(1分)确立法律至上、议会主权的原则；(1分)议会和内阁掌握实权，君主变为虚君。
(1分)（2）不适合。
（1分）理由：中国处于封建专制时代，封建思想顽固，自然经济占统治地位，资本主义萌芽发展缓慢。
上海市普陀区2020届高三年级第二次质量调研(二模)语文(有答案)
2019 学年度普陀区高三年级第二次质量调研（语文试卷）2020.6考生注意：1.本试卷满分为150 分，其中阅读部分80 分，写作部分70 分，考试时间为150 分钟。
2.学生答题全部做在答题纸上。
3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一积累运用（10 分）1.按题目要求填空。
（5 分）（1）人不堪其忧，。
（《论语》）（1 分）（2）“，此心吾与白鸥盟”出自诗人的《登快阁》。
（2 分）（3）李白《登金陵凤凰台》中运用比喻暗示报国无门的句子是“，”。
（2 分）2.按题目要求选择。
（5 分）（1）小明一心读书，不愿参加课外社会调查活动。
以下选项中适合用以劝说他的是（）。
（2 分）A.天下兴亡，匹夫有责。
B.文武之道，一张一弛。
C.书到用时方恨少，事非经过不知难。
D.世事洞明皆学问，人情练达即文章。
（2）下列选项填入画线处最恰当的一项是（）。
（3 分）汉字字体演变的界限，有时并不是泾渭分明。
在汉字的历史上，大篆和小篆、篆文和隶书都有同时通行的阶段，彼此之间也产生了深刻的影响，二者的界限存在一定的模糊性。
我们讲字体的发展，只是通过一种字体的典型形态来分析它们的整体差别，很难。
A.确定字体产生的准确时间B.把握字体演变的整个过程C.区分不同字体的字形变化D.解释各种字体的演变规律二阅读（70 分）（一）阅读下面的文章，完成3—7 题（16 分）杜诗何以为“诗史”①杜诗何以为“诗史”？比较流行的解释是因为杜诗“善写时事”，具有“实录”的特点。
这一解释对杜诗的理解过于简单。
宋人胡宗愈认为杜诗详陈个体经历、抒发主体情志，而读者却可以从诗人的“一人之诗”了解“一代之史”。
这个看法显然更为注重诗人自我记述和主体表达对“诗史”的意义。
问题是：个人化、主观性的“一人之诗”，何以能呈现公共化、客观性的“一代之史”？②早期的诗论家，在讨论诗人的个体抒情与时代社会的联系时，往往从儒家诗教观“观风知政”的角度来认识。
2019届上海市普陀区高考历史二模试题
上海市普陀区 2018—2019 学年度高三第二学期质量调研历史试题2019．3一、选择题（共 40 分，每小题 2 分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.某古罗马形制器物上刻有制造日期为“公元前 300 年”字样，据此推断该器物A．当是真品，价值较高B．真假难断，需要佐证C．历年久远，值得珍藏D．当是赝品，价值不高2.下列遗址最能体现从“公天下”到“家天下”转折的是A．姜寨遗址B．二里头遗址C．殷墟遗址D．秦兵马俑坑3.下图为“天子与贵族的列鼎数量及肉食种类”，主要反映的西周社会特点是A．经济繁荣B．封邦建国C．礼制文化D．工艺精湛第 3 题第 4 题4.“曹魏”政权位于上右图中的哪一区域A．A B．B C．C D．D5.起到分散相权以加强皇权作用的制度是A．三省制B．科举制C．行省制D．内阁制6.详细记载了时人“布衣毕昇”发明的著作当是A．《史记》B．《梦溪笔谈》C．《几何原本》D．《四库全书》7.对于清朝初期统治的表述，立足于近代工业文明视角的是A．康乾盛世B．一统时代C．落日余晖D．满人专权8.以对人的歌颂为核心内容的社会思潮是A．文艺复兴B．宗教改革C．启蒙运动D．空想社会主义9.“推翻了专制国王却保留了国王本身，剥夺了国王权力却让国王继续存在”的是A．英国光荣革命B．美国独立战争C．法国大革命D．中国辛亥革命10.“成为（美国）北方争取人类自由象征”的是A．《独立宣言》 B．《合众国宪法》C．《宅地法》D．《解放宣言》11.“汽车大王福特”“石油大王洛克菲勒”“钢铁大王卡内基”等美国企业家辈出于A．资本主义原始积累时期B．早期资产阶级革命时期C．自由资本主义时期D．垄断资本主义时期12.我国近代史上，主张“今上帝命天王诛妖”的运动发生在A．19 世纪三、四十年代B．19 世纪五、六十年代C．19 世纪七、八十年代D．19 世纪末20 世纪初13.“官绅禁用洋人机器，终不得放手为之……文人学士动以崇尚异端、光怪陆离见责”，上述感慨出自A．洋务派B．维新派C．立宪派D．革命派14.《告非难民生主义者》一文最可能刊登在A．《时务报》B．《民报》C．《新青年》D．《东方杂志》15.二次革命与护国运动的主要目标是A．推翻清廷B．反对日本C．维护共和D．揖美追欧16.左图邮票纪念的历史事件是A．南昌起义 B．秋收起义C．井冈山会师D．百团大战17.如果要为右图所示各节起一个章的名称，最能凸显内容主题的是22．若要进一步探究提纲（二）中“革命的转折”出现的原因，应选择下列哪三个视角？（ （6 分） A ．南京国民政府的腐败 B ．俄国十月革命的胜利 C ．第一次世界大战的影响 D ．苏联社会主义道路的探索 E ．新文化运动的宣传（二）西方漫画中的中国形象（19 分） 作为艺术作品的漫画，是解读历史的独特窗口。
上海市普陀区2023届高三下学期二模试题 历史 Word版含解析
“三千年王权巩固”
西周初年，周王通过“③亲戚”，实现了王朝对王畿之外广大区域的稳固统治。
“两千两百多年统一多民族国家形成”
秦始皇统一中国，“海内为④,法令由一统 ”。
材料四 提出判断进入文明社会标志的新方案
传统方案
新方案
> 金属工具的出现
> 文字的发明
> 城市的形成
>生产发展，人口增加， 出现城市
>社会分工和社会分化不断加剧，出现阶级
>权力不断强化， 出现王权和国家
（1）“万年奠基”的核心依据是（ ）（单选）
A.南稻北粟格局B.原始农业产生C.石器工具进步D.定居村落出现
（2）依据材料，这一时期文明发展趋势是（ ）（单选）
——阿斯图里亚斯《玉米人》（小说）（1949年）
材料三 16、17世纪，玉米在欧洲的名称有“ 西班牙麦、印第安麦、土耳其麦、法兰西粟”等，在西非被称为“葡萄牙黍”，在日本称为“南蛮黍”等。
——张箭《从美洲到中国：玉米、马铃薯、甘薯的传播之路》
材料四 在湿热的西非和漫长的越洋旅程中，奴隶贸易要求能长时间储存并满足大量需求的食物，体积不大的玉米就能提供足够的能量和水分。
A.此消彼长B.部落联盟C.多元一体D.碰撞交融
（3）以下对于“古国时代 ”的认识，理解合理的有（ ）（双选）
A.“ 大型水利设施和城址 兴建 ”，体现较强的人力、物力调动能力
B.“顶级墓葬”多，说明社会物质财富快速增长
C.“巨型都邑”出现，可能成为政治、经济、文化中心
D.“ 以中原为中心”，印证古代中国整体步入文明时代
（7）综合上述材料，你认为玉米传播对世界历史发展带来怎样 影响？
2020年5月上海市静安区普通高中2020届高三毕业班下学期教学质量监测(二模)历史试题(解析版)
A. 不列颠空战B. 阿拉曼战役C. 斯大林格勒战役D. 中途岛海战
9.作为条款,“英王陛下承认合众国为自由、自主和独立 国家”出自
A 1689 年《权利法案》B. 1783 年《巴黎和约》
C. 1787 年“联邦宪法”D. 1789 年《人权宣言》
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】根据“英王陛下承认合众国为自由、自主和独立的国家”可知,这是英国承认美国独立,出自1783年《巴黎和约》,B正确；A解决的是英国政体,与美国无关,排除；C是美国解决自己国内的政治问题,与材料不符,排除；D是法国大革命时期的文件,此时美国已经独立,排除。
A. 南方的自然条件更有利于发展农业生产B. 北方持续战乱而南方相对安宁
C. 南方经济发展水平和经济实力超过北方D. 北宋定都开封而南宋定都临安
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】中国的经济重心本来在北方，南方经济发展相对落后，魏晋南北朝时期北方战乱，南方相对稳定，很多人开始南迁，给南方经济带来了先进的技术和劳动力，促进了江南地区的开发，到两宋时期南方经济发展水平和经济实力超过北方，所以说中国经济重心南移完成，故选C；AB是经济重心南移的条件，不是经济重心完成的结果，排除；D与经济重心南移无关，排除。
11.18 世纪中期开始的经济领域大变革之所以称为“工业革命”,主要是因为
A. 机器生产取代手工劳动B. 资本主义战胜封建主义
C. 手工作坊变成手工工场D. 君主统治让位民主政治
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】工业革命与之前的经济生产方式最根本的差异是前者使用机器生产取代了手工劳动,A正确；B是对社会形态的描述,不能准确概况工业革命的根本所在,排除；工业革命时期的生产组织形式是工厂制度,排除C；D是政治领域变化,而且就英国来看,君主立宪制确立时间早于工业革命,排除。
上海普陀区高三二模历史试题及答案
2016学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研历史试卷一、选择题（每小题2分，共40分。
每题只有一个正确选项）1．以下成果，属于古代东方文明的是A．汉穆拉比法典B．荷马史诗C．十二铜表法D．玛雅文化2．关于炎帝、黄帝传说的史料价值，说法准确的是A．是中华文明源远流长的可靠证据B．与《史记》记载相互印证故可信C．反映了早期先民创世的集体记忆D．在传播中经后人加工虚构无价值3．具有“社会动荡中的大变革”“思想活跃的多元文化”特征的时代是A．殷商社会B．春秋战国C．秦汉帝国 D．宋元时期4．打破血缘世袭关系和世族的垄断，使“朝为田舍郎，暮登天子堂”成为可能的是A．分封制B．郡县制C．文官体制D．科举制5．以下历史事件，命名方式与众不同的是A．孝文帝改革B．贞观之治C．开元盛世D．康乾盛世6．强调集体议政重要性的中央行政机构是A．秦朝的皇帝B．隋唐的三省C．明朝的内阁D．清朝军机处7．右图白底部分是某王朝的局部疆域图，该王朝是A．秦朝B．唐朝C．元朝D．清朝8．右图漫画反映当时我国对外贸易的特点是A．闭关锁国B．榷场贸易C．丝路贸易9．“17世纪40年代的政变使一个国王掉了脑袋，1688年政变使另一个国王失去了王位”的国家是A．英国B．法国C．德国D．美国10．表明法国以法律为基础的资产阶级权利取代了以君主意志为标志的封建特权的文献是A．《权利法案》B．《独立宣言》C．《人权宣言》D．《解放黑奴宣言》11．“在战争中联邦得到维护和改造,维护了合众国的存在”，材料中“战争”的领导者是A．华盛顿B．林肯C．罗斯福D．杜鲁门12．“经济大萧条”“法西斯”“自由资本主义”“社会主义”这些热词对应的时代是A．17世纪B．18世纪C．19世纪D．20世纪13．右图宣传画寓指A．国际联盟B．世界反法西斯联盟C．联合国D．北大西洋公约组织14．历史上洋务运动有很多名称：“夷务”“自强新政”“地主阶级自救运动”等。
其中体现革命史观的是A．夷务B．自强新政C．洋务运动D．地主阶级自救运动15．规定在各通商口岸“得自由从事各种制造工业”，对中国经济带来致命伤的条约是A．《南京条约》B．《天津条约》C．《马关条约》D．《辛丑条约》16．其“新”在于宣扬进化论和资产阶级民权思想的是A．戊戌维新B．清末新政C．新文化运动D．新中国成立17．右图为“贪食小犬死不足惜”的时人漫画，反映的时局是A．护国运动C．改订新约D．一二九运动18．“工农踊跃当红军，英明领袖来掌舵，革命磅礴向前进”，歌曲颂扬的是A．中共一大B．中共二大C．遵义会议D．中共七大19．“使人再一次感到建国二十二年以来的中国，总算回到了国际社会”，评价的是A．倡导和平共处五项原则B．恢复联合国合法席位C．实现中、美关系正常化D．成为世贸组织成员国20．二战后西欧国家逐步组建起一个经济联合体，希望通过它来避免重新爆发战争。
2023届上海市普陀区高三二模历史试题及答案
2022学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研1. 新旧“世界七大奇迹”。
约公元前3世纪，一位地中海沿岸的旅行家提出了“世界七大奇迹”。
他心目中“奇迹”的主要依据是规制宏大。
它们分布如下（1）从上述“奇迹”的分布和具体指向看，古代文明表现出的明显特征是（单选）A.欧洲中心B.分布集中C.联系广泛D.多元发展（2）“太阳神巨像”“宙斯神庙”“阿尔忒弥斯神庙”“金字塔”等“奇迹”，反映出人类早期文明的重要特点是（单选）A.等级分化B.崇尚神灵C.重视农耕D.专制集权（3）将下列早期文明成果与上述奇迹所属的文明区域匹配。
（填写图中字母）文明成果①《荷马史诗》②象形文字③《汉谟拉比法典》文明区域____区域____区域____区域（4）吉萨金字塔群是唯一留存至今的“奇迹”，修建于约公元前2575至前2465年。
大约同时期，D地区处于（单选）A.克里特和迈锡尼文明时期B.古代城邦国家时期C.亚历山大帝国的统治时期D.拜占庭帝国统治时期2007年，瑞士“新世界七大奇迹基金会”，通过全球范围投票决定“新世界七大奇迹”。
它们分布如下（5）墨西哥奇琴·伊察金字塔和秘鲁马丘比丘遗址，分别属于古代美洲的（单选）A.玛雅文明、阿兹特克文明B.阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明C.玛雅文明、印加文明D.阿兹特克文明、印加文明（6）为“中国万里长城”简要撰写“一生中必去打卡的历史‘奇迹’”推荐理由。
（7）“新世界七大奇迹”与古代“世界七大奇迹”，在分布与具体指向上有很大不同。
你认为造成这种不同的主要因素有哪些？2. 中西方商贸回眸。
从丝路兴盛到海路大通，不仅带来中西方商贸变化，同时也产生广泛深刻的影响。
（1）根据提示，将时间轴补充完整。
（2）如果从地理环境的视角去理解“（陆上）丝绸之路”，以下名称中最合适的是（单选）A.沙漠绿洲丝绸之路B.草原丝绸之路C.游牧地区丝绸之路D.中亚丝绸之路（3）以下关于“丝绸之路”的两种历史观点，在观察视角上分别有何侧重？综合两种观点，简要谈谈“丝绸之路”的历史价值。
2021上海普陀高三二模历史
考生注意：
1．考试时间 60分钟，试卷满分 100分。 2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题做在答题纸上；做 在试卷上一律不得分。 3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
7
在反侵略的同时科学探寻救亡之路。
8
——杜鲁门总统就职演说（1949年 1月 20日） 25.材料三中，杜鲁门关于国际政策的主要观点是什么？（2分）综合材料一至材料三，美 国总统国际政策观点变化的根本出发点是什么？（2分）
26.综合上述内容，谈谈美国总统“就职演说”的史料价值。（5分）
（三）“天下观”的演变（25分）
5
自古代至近代，中国的“天下观”发生了巨大变化。 材料一： 《左传》曰：“中国有礼仪之大，故称夏；有服章之美，谓之华。” 《孟子》曰：“吾闻用夏变夷者，未闻变于夷者也。” 《汉书》曰：“夷狄之人……与中国殊章服，异习俗，饮食不同，言语不通，逐草随畜， 射猎为生……来则惩而御之，去则备而守之。其慕义而贡献，则接之以礼让。” 材料二： （晚明）《利说荒唐惑世》一文称：“近利玛窦以其邪说惑众，士大夫翕然信之。……所著 《舆地全图》直欺以其目之所不能见，足之所不能至，无可按听耳。真所谓画工之画鬼魅也。 毋论其他，且如中国于全图之中，居稍偏西，而近于北，……则中国当居正中。” 材料三： 魏源作《海国图志》时指出：是书何以作？曰：为以夷攻夷而作……为师夷长技以制夷 而作。 当代学者研究认为：1860年后，使用“夷”这个词的次数急骤减少；“各国”一词不仅为传 教士使用，也成为士大夫对外国的称呼；19世纪末出现“列强”一词。术语的变化，反映了 观念的改变。 27.根据材料一和材料二，概括传统“天下观”的内涵。（6分）