tense

动词时态和语态
Tenses:
一、一般现在时考点分析is\ am\ are\ do
1) 表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语(every…,once a week,often,
always,usually,sometimes, seldom,…)连用。

We always care for each other and help each other.
2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词, eg: Ice feels cold.
3), 表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）
The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
Water boils at 100o C.
4)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、
agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。

如：
I know what you mean.
Smith owns a car and a house.
All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.
★Note:在时间、条件状语从句以及某些让步状语从句(even if, even though,as long as, so long as, whatever…所有以…ever引导的让步状语从句)中常用一般现在时代替将来时。

Don‘t get off the bus until it ________.
√A,stops (代替_______) √B, has stopped (代替_________)
However late you come (代替_________) , I will wait for you.
★但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，是情态动词,不表示时态。

If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

★★Note:少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、open、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这时都有一个表示将来的时间状语连用。

当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。

The train starts at 9:00 o‘clock. The plane takes off at 5.
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Schools begin the day after tomorrow.
The bus leaves at 11. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
另外: 注意某些口语句型:
Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
二,一般过去时的考点分析（考核重点）。

Was\were\did
1), 用于表达过去的经常或习惯性动作:
We did morning exercises every day while in Junior. He went fishing every Saturday and Sunday.
也可用Used to do …来表示过去经常性发生的动作:We used to get up early.
2),表示过去的具体动作,常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(last…, yesterday,3 days ago, in 1979,just now,
when sb was a child, once曾经,…)；
Yesterday I ate too much.. He was put into prison in his thirties.
I met her in the street for the first time yesterday.I once saw the famous star here.
3), 表示主语的过去的性格,状况,状态等（或有上下文语境暗示）；
I lived in Shanghai as a boy. Luxun likes smoking.
★★表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。

如：
I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t. (我原以为….)
I meant not to hurt you. (我本不想伤害你)
★Note:如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。

如：
He told me he read an interesting novel last night.
★★Note:表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。

如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.
常用一般过去时的句型：
Why didn’t you / I think of that?
I didn’t notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didn’t recognize him.
三,一般将来时考点分析。

Shall\will\is(am,are)going to\is(am,are) to\ is(am,are) about to do
1),表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow、next week、
in 2008、in a few months、soon、before long、in the future…等）。

I shan’t be free this evening.
2),表示一种趋向或习惯动作。

We’ll die without air or water.
3),★★表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等或瞬间动词常用进行时的形式表示将来时,
参见现在进行时四3)条目.
★★be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：
be going to 表示主观,指现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall / will do表示客观,也指未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。

be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。

如：
If it is fine, we‘ll go fishing.(正确)
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)
★★be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。

A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o‘clock this afternoon.. 表按计划、安排
When is the factory to go into production9投产)? 表按计划、安排TheThird-Ring Road is to be open to trafficbefore National Day. 表按计划、安排
You are to stay here until I come back.表示吩咐、命令
You are not to bring any books to the exam room. 表示吩咐、命令I‘m to inform you that….(I have been told to inform you that…)表责任或义务
be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句,但when引导的并列句行。

( ×)I‘m about to start at
once.
Autumn harvest is about to start.
I was about to leave when it begain to rain.(‗when‘means ‗届时,就在那时‘)
四, 现在进行时考点分析。

Is\am\are doing
1),表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作,强调时间点动作在发生,搭配的时间状语有listen、look, at the
moment, at present…；eg: It is raining now.
2),表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时,强调时间段在发生；
He is teaching English and learning Chinese.
We‘re attending a conference in Beijing these days.
3),表近期特定的安排或计划,go、come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。

同上面三3)用法; 对比上面一
般现在时★★Note条目用法. 如：
A),I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. B), We are leaving on Friday.
★The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩)
★★下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。

（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。

（B）表存在的状态的动词：have (有),possess,appear, exist, lie, remain, seem ,belong to, depend on。

（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit,
complete。

（D）表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。

若碰到进行时结构,也表将来的意思.
五,过去完成时考点分析（考核重点）。

Had done
1),在by、by the end、by the time、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作,总之
一句话,表过去再过去。

如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars.
The train had left (left)before we reached the station.
★★2),表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。

常用had hoped /had planned / had meant / had intended/had thought / had wanted / had expected…+ to do 等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned …+ to have done.
★“时间名词+ before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词+ ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。

如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before.
Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.
★表示“一……就”的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语+ 过去分词+ when / than / before + 一般过去时。

如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.注意对比二★★Note用法的区别。

但在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。

After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.
We (had)arrived home before it snowed.
六,过去将来时考点分析。

Should/would/was going to /was about to/was to do
发生在某个一般过去式动作后的所有动作都用过去将来时。

参照一般将来时对比：用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来；come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来。

He promised that he would take part in the party tomorrow.
七,过去进行时考点分析。

Was /were doing
1),表示过去某时正在发生着的一个动作,强调时间点动作在发生；时间状语有: at this time yesterday, at that
time ,…。

eg: It was raining at that time.
2),表示过去某阶段正在发生着的一个动作,强调时间段在发生；
He was teaching English and learning Chinese from 1987 to 2004.
He was writing a report in the library yesterday afternoon.
★某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。

I was reading
a novel when Mr. Li entered the classroom.
★表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave、arrive等或瞬间动词常用过去进行时的形式表示过去将来时.
They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.
He said that he was coming to see me.
★★表示过去打算做但未做动作
I was coming ,but I missed the train.
I was going to ask him the question , but the train started to leave.
八,现在完成时考点分析。

Have/has done
1),表到目前为止已经发生的动作。

搭配的时间状语通常有for +some time 、since 1995、during / in /over the
last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years, already, lately, just, before, yet, ever, never, once(一次), twice, so far=by now,…等引导的状语连用。

I have never talked with him before.. I‘ve studied German since 1999.
★★2),动作发生在过去,但表示对目前的结果或影响。

It‘s so cold in here. Who has broken the window? (is so cold 就是现在的结果或影响)
Liping isn‘t at home. He has gone to the movie. ( isn‘t at home就是现在的结果或影响)
My umbrella isn‘t here. Who has taken it away by mistake? I put it here. (理
由:_________________)
★下列句型中常用现在完成时
It is (has been) + 一段时间+ since从句
Eg; It is (has been) 3 years since he joined the army.
This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时
EG; This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that I‘ve been here.
This(That / It)is the only …+ that + 完成时
EG: This(That / It)is the only wrong that I‘ve ever done.
This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting …+ that 从句+ 完成时
★在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。

如：
I shall post the letter as soon as I have written (=finish writing)it.
If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.
Don‘t get off the bus until it has stopped (=stops).
九,The Future Perfect Tense: will have done
表示在将来某一时间前完成的动作.
Eg: 1, By the end of this year the factory will have produced20,000 motorbikes.
2,By this time next year I shall have taught here for 20 years.
3, Hurry up!Or she’ll have left before we get there.
十,The Present Perfect ContinuousTense : have\has been doing
表示从过去某时一直继续到现在的动作,且此动作一般还将进行下去或是到说话时结束,但强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作。

We‘ve been living here for 20 years already.
I‘m now in Senior 3. I‘ve been learning English for over 5 years .In June,6th next year I‘ll attend the College Entrance Examination.
注意几组时态的区别：
A,一般过去时与现在完成时：
a, 时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day等。

b, 结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。

B,过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作（“连谓”）形式则只用一般过去时即可。

Group A: 1, My watch has stopped.(意指: 表现在仍不走,我不知道现在几点了)
2, My watch stopped (意指: 表原先停过,后来是否走我不知道.)
Group B: 1,I‘ve seen the film. (意指: 我知道电影内容)
2,I saw the film. (意指: 原看过,内容是否记得不得而知)
Group C: 1,Who has broken the window ? (意指:屋里可能冷或有碎玻璃)
2, Who broke the window ? (意指:说话人想知道谁打破的,不强调产生的后果) Group D: 1,I have had my dinner. (意指:________________________________)
2, I had my dinner. (意指:________________________________)
Voices
被动语态考查要点:
被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词，口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。

被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。

强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。

一,使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。

1),主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。

My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.→
An interesting book was given ( to) me(by my friend)on my birthday.
I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.
2),主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前要还原原来主动语态中省略的不定式
引导词to。

The boss made him work all day long.→
He was made to work all day long(by the boss)
3),短语动词变被动语态时，勿忘掉“尾巴”,即与动词搭配的介词。

The children were taken good care of (by her).→
Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.
4),情态动词和be going to、be to、be sure to、used to、have to、had better等结构变被动语态，只需将它们
后面的动词原形变为be +过去分词。

The workers‘ condition should be improved.
5),当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式：
（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。

（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。

如：
People say he is a smart boy.
He is said to be a smart boy.
It is said that he is a smart boy.
People know paper was made in China first.
Paper was known to be made in China first
It is known that paper was made in China first.
类似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that …
二,不能用被动语态的几种情况。

1),所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。

2),表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist
to等。

3),表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。

4),表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。

5),宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。

6),宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。

7),有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock
等。

三,主动形式表被动意义。

1),当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰
语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。

This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。

These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销。

My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。

The door won’t lock.门锁不上。

The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。

2),当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。

The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
3),want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。

4 ),be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。

5),在“be + 形容词+ to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。

This kind of water isn’t fit to drink.
The girl isn’t easy to get along with.
★6 ),be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。

四,被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。

1),be seated坐着
He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。

2),be hidden躲藏
He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。

3),be lost迷路
4),be drunk喝醉
5),be dressed穿着
The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.
经典名题导解
选择填空
1. Visitors ________not to touch the exhibits.(NMET 2001)
A. will request
B. are requested
C. are requesting
D. request
解析：答案为B。

此题的时态是不难判断的，因为说的是一条规定，所以用一般现在时，而visitor与request 之间是动宾关系，即request visitors not to touch the exhibits,究竟是谁要求他们这样做呢？不清楚，也不必知道，因此需要用被动语态。

分析visitors与request之间的关系是此题的解题关键。

2. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology __________ so rapidly.(NMET 2001)
A. is changing
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. will change
解析：答案为A。

此题考查现在进行时态的用法。

句意为“选择一部移动电话不是一件容易的事，因为科技发展得十分迅速。

”本句的主句一般现在时表达的是目前的情况，而“科技发展迅速”也是现阶段正存在的一种状态，不是在过去，也不是在将来，因此只能用现在进行时表达。

3. All the preparations for the task ___________, and we‘re ready to start.（2000年春季高考）
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed
解析：答案为D。

现在完成时表示过去年做的事对现在的影响。

从and we‘re ready to start句意可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。

complete是及物动词，与句子的主语是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态表达。

注意①分清complete与主语之间的关系；②结合语境选择正确时态
一般过去时和现在完成时的比较练习:
1. --- Where __you __ (put) the book? I can‘t see it anywhere.
--- I ___(put) it right here. But now it‘s gone.
A. did ; put; put
B. have; put; put
C. did; put; have put
D. have; put; have put
2. We haven‘t heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _______ to her?
A. was happening
B. happens
C. has happened
D. happened
3. Hello, I ____ you were in London. How long _________ here?
A. don‘t know; were you
B. hadn‘t known; are you
C. haven‘t known; are
D. didn‘t know; have you been
4. I‘m glad to tell you that we _____ the work in less time than we _____ expected to.
A. finished; were
B. have finished; are
C. have finished; were
D. had finished; were
5. It _____ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work.
A. finds
B. has found
C. was found
D. has been found
6. When I was at college I _______ three foreign language but I ________ all except a few words of each.
A. spoke; had forgotten
B. spoke; have forgotten
C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgotten
Key:
1. B 前者强调的是I can‘t find it anywhere (now), 因此用现在完成时;后者强调的是I put it right here(just now).
2. C 说话者强调Jane 目前的状况.
3. D didn‘t know 强调见面前原不知道.
4. C 全句含义为―我们现在已经比预期的(强调过去)提前完成任务( 强调现在).
5. D 为被动语态的现在完成时, 强调that 从句的内容现在已被发现,为人所知.
6. B 注意when I was at college 是指过去的某一时间,动词应用一般过去时; I have forgotten 是指现在的情
况.
现在完成时与现在完成进行时
1. --- Hi, Tracy, you look tired. ―
--- I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
A. painted
B. had painted
C. have been painting
D. have painted
2. --- Have you had any letters from him?
--- No, I haven‘t, but my wife _______ him regularly .
A. has heard from
B. has been hearing from
C. had heard from
D. hears
Key: 1. C (强调动作从过去到现在的延续，而非动作的结果)
2. B ( 非强调结果，A错；不是指目前一般的情况，D错；是指从过去延续到现在的情况，故B对。

)
现在进行时和过去进行时
1. I don‘t really work here. I ____ until the new secretary _______.
A. just help out; comes
B. have just helped out; will come
C. am just helping out; comes
D. will just help out; has come
(正确选项C, 指目前一段时间正在发生的动作, until 引导的是时间状语从句,动词需用一般现在时.)
2. --- When shall we leave?
--- As soon as I ______ what I _______.
A. will finish; do
B. have finished, am doing
C. finish, will do
D. finish, do
(正确选项B, as soon as 从句前省略了主句, 时间状语从句中动词强调将来的结果用现在完成时; what I am dong 指目前正在做的事.)
3. At that time he _____ in the library.
A. worked
B. had worked
C. was working
D. would work
(正确选项C, was working 指at that time 正在发生的行为.)
4. The students ____ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she____in the office.
A. were working; had left
B. worked; left
C. had worked; left
D. were working; would leave
(正确选项A, 句中went 是说话人给定的时间, work 和leave发生的时间都要看它们与went 的时间关系, work 与went动作同时发生, 强调正在做,用过去进行时; leave 在went之前发生, 应用过去完成时.)
5. --- Hey, look where you are going!
--- Oh, I‘m terribly sorry. _______.
A. I‘m not noticing.
B. I wasn‘t noticing.
C. I haven‘t noticed.
D. I don‘t notice.
E. I didn‘t notice.
F. I won‘t notice.
(正确选项B, 对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情.)
一般过去时和过去进行时
1,He ______ a book about China last year, but I don‘t know if he ______ it.
A,wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 正确选项为B. 从I don‘t know if he has finished it. 推断，他去年正在写。

2,Tom ________ into the house when no one ___________.
A.slipped; was noticing
B.had slipped; noticed
C. slipped; had noticed
D.was slipping; noticed
正确选项为A. slip和notice 为同时发生的动作，因此B、C为错误选项，slipped指过去有结果的动作（他溜进去了），when no one was noticing 指他溜进去的一刹那发生的情况（没有人注意）。

3,As she ________ the newspaper, Granny _________ asleep.
A. read; was falling
B. was reading; fell C, was reading; was falling D. read; fell
正确选项为B(道理同上)。

4,The last time I _________ Jane she __________ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen; was picking
B. saw; picked
C. had seen; picked
D. saw; was picking
正确选项为D(道理同上)。

1．—What would you do if it ______ tomorrow ?<2005全国卷2（黑龙江，吉林广西）> —We have to ca rry it on , since we‘ve got everything ready .
A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining
2．The hero’s story ______ differently in the newspapers . <2005全国卷2（黑龙江，吉林广西）> A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
3．The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I ______ before . <2005全国卷2（黑龙江，吉林广西）>
A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had
4. —What‘s wrong w ith your coat? (2005重庆高考卷)
—Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat
B. had sat
C. had been sitting
D. was sitting
5. —What are you going to do this afternoon? (2005重庆高考卷)
—I am going to die cinema with some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we____ to the bookstore aft er that.
A. finished; are going C. finishes; are going
B. finished ; go D. finishes; go
6. Millions of pounds' worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last ni gh (2005重庆高考卷)
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been caused..
7．Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in the clothing i ndustry. (2005辽宁卷)
A．is working B．works C．work D．worked
8．Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn‘t want her parents to know what s he __________. (2005辽宁卷)
A．has done B．had done C．was doing D．is doing
9．Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. (2005辽宁卷)
A．was called B．is called C．had been called D．has been called
10.They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we________
it as no good results have come out so far. （2005江苏卷)
A. had been working; are still working
B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked
D. have worked; are still working
11.---- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?
---- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. （2005江苏卷)
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
12. –If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you. ( 2005湖南高考)
A. is
B. was
C. would be
D. has been
13. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People __ to ask how I am going to s pend the money. ( 2005湖南高考)A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
14．When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun itself behind the
mountain. （2005湖北卷）
A．started ;had already hidden B．had started ;had already hidden
C．had started ;was hiding D．was starting; hid
15．He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won‘t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. （2005湖北卷）
A．were deciding B．have decided C．decided D．will decide
16. He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. (2005北京卷)
A. has learned
B. would have learned
C. learned
D. had learned
17. Scientists think that the continents ______ always where they _______ today. (2005北京卷)
A. aren‘t; are
B. aren‘t; were
C. weren‘t; are
D. weren‘t; were
18. As soon as he comes back, I‘ll tell him when _______ and see him. (2005北京卷)
A. you will come
B. will you come
C. you come
D. do you come
19. The manager ―a‖ fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing. (2005年安徽)
A. was laying
B. was lying
C. had laid
D. had lied
key:1B2A3C4D5C6A7C8C9B10B11B12B13D14A15B16D17C18A19D
1 My dictionary____.I have looked for it everywhere,but still____it.
A.Has lost; don‘t find
B.is missing; don‘t find
C Has lost; haven‘t found D. is missing, haven‘t found
2 Hellen_____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband____home. (had left; came)
3. ___Who is Jerry Cooper ?
---_____? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.
A.Don‘t you meet him yet
B. Hadn‘t you met him yet
C.Didn‘t you meet him yet
D. Haven‘t you met him yet
4.__Alice,why didn‘t you come yesterday?
---I____,but I had an unexpected visitor.
A.Had
B. would
C.was going to
D.did
5. Shirley___a book about China last year but I don‘t know where she has finished it.
A. has written
B.wrote
C. had written
D. was writing_.
6.__Hey, look where you going!
__Oh, I‘m terribly sorry._____
A.I‘m not noticing
B. I wasn‘t noting
C.I haven‘t noticed
D. I don‘t notice
7.___How are you today?
___Oh,I___as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A. didn‘t feel
B.wasn‘t feeling
C. don‘t feel
D. haven‘t
7.The reporter said that the UFO____east to west when he saw it.
A.Was travelling
B. travelled
C. Had been teavelling
D.was to travel
8.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ___so rapidly.
A. is changing
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. will change
9.I____ping-pong quite well, but I haven‘t had time to play since the new year.
A. will play
B. have played
C. played
D. play
10.__You haven‘t said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?
___I,m sorry I____anything about it sooner,I certainly think it‘s
pretty on you.
A. wasn‘t saying
B. don‘t say
C.won‘t say d.didn‘t say
11.I wonder why Jenny___us recently. We should have heared from her by now. A. hasn‘t written B. doesn‘t
C.won‘t write
D.had‘t written
Choose the right answer
1. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have had
2. The secretary is going to report to the manager as soon as he ______.
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is going to arrive
D. is arriving
3. We all know that ice ______.
A. feel cold
B. is felt sold
C. is feeling cold
D. feels cold
4. ---This cloth _____ well and _____ long.
--- OK. I‘ll take it.
A. washes ; lasts
B. is washed; lasted
C. washes, is lasted
D. is washing, lasting
5. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.
A. has left; comes
B. left; had come
C. had left; came
D. had left; would come
6. It _____ every day so far this week.
A. is raining
B. rained
C. rains
D. has been raining
7. --- Are you going to the movies tonight?
--- Yes, I ______ my work by that time.
A. will finish
B. finish
C. am going to finish
D. will have finished
8. --- Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Mexico last summer?
--- No, it _____ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A. was raining
B. would be raining
C. had been raining
D. has rained
9. You won‘t know if the coat fits you until you _____ it on.
A. will try
B. are trying
C. tried
D. have tried
10. My dictionary _______, I have looked for it everywhere but still _______.
A. has lost; don‘t find
B. is missing; don‘t find
C. has lost; haven‘t found
D. is missing; haven‘t found
11. --- How long ______ each other before they _____ married?
--- For about a year.
A. have they known; get
B. did they know; were going to get
C. do they know; are going to get
D. had they known; got
12. --- Come in, Peter, I want to show you something.
--- Oh, how nice of you. I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.
A. never think; are going
B. never thought; were going
C. didn‘t think; are going
D. hadn‘t thought; were going
13. When Jack arrived he learned Mary _______ for almost an hour.
A. had gone
B. had set off
C. had left
D. had been away
14 --- I‘m sorry to keep you waiting.
--- Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes.
A. have been
B. had been
C. was
D. will
15. The police found that the house _______ and s lot of things ______.
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen
16. --- Have you moved into the house?
--- Not yet. The rooms ________.
A. are being painted
B. are painting
C. are painted
D. are being painting
17. If the city noises _______ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept ; will have to
B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to
D. do not keep, have to
18. --- ________ the sports meet might be put off.
--- Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I‘ve been told
B. I‘ve told
C. I‘m told
D. I was told
19. I don‘t think Jim saw me; he ______ into space.
A. just stared (凝视)
B. was just staring
C. has just stared
D. had just stared
20. --- _______ my glasses?
--- Yes, I _______ them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see; saw
B. Had you seen; have seen
C. Have you seen; saw
D. Would you see; saw
21. --- We could have walked to the station; it was so near.
--- Yes. A taxi _______ at all necessary.
A. wasn‘t
B. hadn‘t been
C. wouldn‘t be
D. won‘t be
22. --- Who is Jerry Cooper?
--- ______? I saw you shake hands with him at the meeting.
A. Don‘t you meet him yet
B. Hadn‘t you met him yet
C. Didn‘t you meet him yet
D. Haven‘t you met him yet
23. --- Nancy is not coming tonight.
--- But she _______!
A. promises
B. promised
C. will promise
D. had promised
24. _______ it with me and I‘ll see what I can do.
A. When left
B. Leaving
C. If you leave
D. Leave
25. It is clear that his poor education _______ him back.
A. has been held
B. is holding
C. will be held
D. had held
26. --- How are you planning to travel to Shanghai?
--- I ____ yet, but I ______ taking a train.
A. haven‘t decided; am considering
B. haven‘t decided, consider
C. didn‘t decided; am considering
D. hadn‘t decided; have considered
27. The pen I _______ I _______ is on my desk, right under my nose.
A. think, lose
B. thought , had lost
C. think , had lost
D. thought, have lost
28. --- Have you heard about the new school?
--- No, when and where to build the new one _______ yet.
A. is not decided
B. are not decided
C. hasn‘t decided
D. haven‘t decided
29. --- Sorry, I‘m late.
--- That‘s OK. I _____ long.
A. haven‘t waited
B. don‘t wait
C. haven‘t been waiting
D. didn‘t wait
30. --- Nancy sat in the front seat on the left side of the classroom.
--- Oh! I thought she ______ in the back.
A. will sit
B. had sat
C. is sitting
D. has sat
31. I ______ my face when suddenly someone ______ at the door.
A. washed, knocked
B. washed, was knocking
C. was washing, was knocking
D. was washing, knocked
32. I ______ at the station half an hour ago, but the train _____ yet.
A. arrived, hadn‘t come
B. was arriving, hadn‘t come
C. arrived, hasn‘t come
D. had arrived, didn‘t come
33. --- Why did you come by taxi?
--- My car broke down last week and I still _______ it repaired.
A. haven‘t had
B. didn‘t have
C. don‘t have
D. won‘t have
34. I‘m surprised to find you here looking well and playing tennis, Jim. Ann said that you _____ sick.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. had been。