(原创)高中英语必修3 Module 3 The Voilence of Nature知识点整理一

必修3 Module 3 The Violence of Nature
知识点整理一
1.非谓语动词
现在分词（短语）作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果；动词不定式与only或never连用作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。

Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.他们的车遇到了交通阻塞，因此耽搁了。

He dropped the cup,breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉在地上，摔坏了。

He hurried to the post office,only to find it was closed.他急忙赶到邮局，不料它已经关门了。

①A world-shocking shooting rocked震动 a school in the US, ________ twenty children and eight adults dead.
A.leave
B.left
C.to leave
D.leaving
②My brother sent me an email with one of his photos on Mount Tai ________ to it.
A.attached
B.attach [ə‟tætʃ]帖上，附上
C.attaching
D.to at tach
③By the time I saw the job ________ in the newspaper, it was already too late to apply.
A.advertised
B.to be advertised
C.being advertised
D.having been advertised
④________ as a responsible person, Tony was appointed head of the department.
A.Judging
B.Judged
C.Having judged
D.To be judged
⑤—I regret _____you that your application [,æplɪ‟keɪʃn] 申请has not been successful.
—Not successful? I performed pretty well in my interview!
rming
B.to inform
C.having informed
D.to have informed
①解析：选D考查非谓语动词。

句意：震惊世界的美国校园枪击案导致二十名儿童和八
名成人遇难。

分析句子结构，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。

②解析：选A考查非谓语动词。

句意：我哥哥发给我一封电子邮件并附上了一张他在泰
山照的相片。

分析句子结构可知，attach与one of his photos之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作补语。

③解析：选A考查非谓语动词。

句意：当我看到报纸上刊登的招聘广告时，已经太晚而
无法申请了。

advertise与job之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。

又因此处表示“已完成”，故排除B、C两项；having done的形式不能作限制性后置定语，故排除D项。

④解析：选B考查非谓语动词。

句意：托尼被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部
门主管。

分析句子结构可知，Tony与judge之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用动词的-ed形式置于句首作原因状语。

⑤解析：选B考查非谓语动词作宾语。

句意：“我很遗憾地通知你，你的申请没有成功。

”“没
成功？在面试中我表现得很出色呀！”当某一动作在regret之后发生时，regret后需加to do 作宾语；当某一动作在regret之前发生时，regret后需加doing/having done/to have done作宾语。

本句中inform后于regret发生，故选B。

(1)The fire burned for three hours,____a total of 25,000 buildings.
A.destroy
B.destroyed
C.destroying
D.to destroy
(2)When we visited my old family home, memory came __________ back.
A.flooding
B.to flood
C.flood
D.flooded
(3)It rained heavily in the south,____serious flooding in several provinces.
A.caused
B.having caused
C.causing
D.to cause
(4)Lily‟s mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally,never_____again.
A.to find
B.to be found
C.finding
D.being found
(5)____not to miss the flight at 15:20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A.Reminding
B.Reminded
C.To remind
D.Having reminded
(6)Scientists have created the world‟s smallest“snowman”,____about a fifth of the width of a human hair.
A.measures
B.measuring
C.measured
D.to measure
(7)____to give up smoking,he threw away his_____cigarettes.
A.Determined;remained
B.Determined;remaining
C.Determined;remained
D.Determining;remaining
(8)Besides the Internet,television is another major way of communication,___us to see the performer as well as hear the voice.
A.permitting
B.to permit
C.being permitted
D.permitted
(9)—The last one____pays the meal.—Agreed!
A.arrived
B.arrives
C.to arrive
D.arriving
(10)There‟s a note pinned to the door____(say) when the shop will open again.
(11)Granny Lan once told us she______(suffer) a lot during the World WarⅡ,____(lose) her husband and children.
(1)C现在分词作结果状语(2)A考查现在分词做状语，句意为：当我们回到老家时，往事
涌上心头。

flood 与memory 之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。

(3)C 结果状语(4)B莉莉的手机意外地落在了一辆出租车上，再也没找到。

(5)B (6)B科学家们制造出了世界上最小的“雪人”，经测量它的宽度是人的一根头发宽度的五分之一。

measure意为“度量为”，用作此意时，用法与weigh相同。

(7)B (8)A (9)C (10)saying (11)suffered losing
2.experience vt & n
(1)vt经历；体验
The child has never experienced kindness.这个孩子从未受过善待。

I don‟t think I‟ve ever experienced real depression[dɪ'preʃn]沮丧.我认为我从未体验过真正的情绪低落。

(2)n[C]经历
It was her first experience of living alone.
He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa.
(3)n[U]经验
We all learn from experience.我们都从经验中学习。

Does she have much experience of teaching?她教学经验丰富吗？
[拓展]
experienced adj有经验的，熟练的be experienced in在……方面有经验
full of experience经验丰富from/by experience，凭经验，从经验中得出have experience in在……方面有经验have an experience in在……方面有过经历have much teaching/working experience教学/工作经验丰富
The best way to learn is to learn by experience. 学习的最佳办法就是从经验中学习.
(1)It is certain that he will take over his father‟s business when he is_____enough.
A.experienced
B.experiencing
C.experience
D.to experience
(2)You must try some of her home-made wine and it‟s quite____experience! I know from___experience it is very good.
A.the;the
B.an;an
C.an;/
D./;an
(3)My grandpa is____in sailing.Now he is describing one of his unforgettable____he has met with in the Indian Ocean.
A.experiencing;experience
B.experiencing;experiences
C.experienced;experiences
D.experienced;experience
(4)—Guess what,we‟ve got our visas(visa[…vi:zə]签证for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You____a different culture then.
A.will be experiencing
B.have experienced
C.have been experiencing
D.will have experienced
(5)This area experienced___heaviest rainfall[…reɪnfɔ:l] 降雨in___month of May.
A./;a
B.a;the
C.the;the
D.the;a
(6)I don‟t think the competition is_____failure,because it has offered us___valuable experience for the next competition.
(7)—He has many terrible___________(experience).
—Yes.They said he________(experience) an earthquake.
(8)Jane,an_____(experience) teacher with much____________(experience)in teaching,had wonderful_______(experience)in foreign countries last summer.
(9)So far this year,we_______(experience) a rapid increase in oil prices by between 10 and 15 percent.
(10)It was_____terrible experience and I promised myself I‟d never put myself in such_____silly situation again.
(11)—What____fun it was to look around the West Lake last week!
—Yeah.It was quite_____unforgettable experience.
(1)A (2) C 你必须品尝一下她自家配制的酒，是一种很好的体验。

凭经验我知道肯定很
好喝。

(3)C (4)A 猜猜怎么了，我们已经得到了今年夏天去英国短期游览的签证。

太棒了！
你们到时候将会体验到一种不同的文化。

(5)C句义：该地区遭遇到了5月份以来最大的降雨。

第一空最高级前面加定冠词the；第二空特指5月份。

(6)a / (7)experiences had experienced (8)experienced;experience;experiences 去年夏天她在国外的一些国家里有不同寻常的经历。

(9)have experienced油价快速增加了10%－15%。

(10)a;a 这次经历真可怕，我保证不会再次让自己陷入这种愚蠢的境地了。

(11)不填；an
3.cause vt & n
(1)vt使发生，造成，引起，导致
搭配：cause sb to do sth导致/致使某人做某事
cause sb sth给某人引来某事
His illness caused him to miss the game.
(2)n[C,U]原因；起因（常与of连用the cause of……的原因）；理由；动机；缘故。

Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.失业是贫困的主要原因。

[链接]
“导致”的短语：
lead to result in bring about
The cyclone[ …saɪkləʊn] has resulted in thousands of deaths.飓风已经造成了成千上万的人死亡(deaths指死亡的人数，injuries指受伤的人数)
辨析：cause,reason与excuse
①cause使某事发生的原因，常与of连用。

The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因实际上是他开车太快了。

②reason解释做某事的原因，常与for连用。

The reason for his driving so fast was that he would attend an important meeting.
他把车开得那么快是因为他将要参加一个重要会议。

③excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由，常与for
连用。

His excuse for being late was that he had missed the train.
他迟到的理由是没有赶上火车。

(1)Millions of pounds‟ worth of damage___by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.
A.has been caused
B.had been caused
C.will be caused
D.will have been caused
(2)Do you know what____him to become angry?
A.changed
B.caused
C.made
D.wished
(3)It rained heavily in the south,______(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.
(4)You must give me your____for refusing to tell me the____of the accident.
A.reason;reason
B.cause;cause
C.reason;cause
D.cause;reason
(5)The lack of eco-friendly对生态环境友好的habits among the public is thought to be a major____of global climate change.
(6)His carelessness led to the water supply of more than two hundred families_____for about 3 hours.
A.was cut off
B.cut off
C.being cut off
D.to cut off
(7)The discovery of new evidence led to the thief_____(catch)
(8)Carelessness is often the cause for fires.(改错)
(9)According to the recent research,heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily [nesə‟serəli]必要地____and effect.
A.reason
B.impact
C.fact
D.cause
(10)Drunken driving is often the____of accidents.
A.reason
B.cause
C.excuse
D.way
(11)选词填空:cause/reason/excuse
a)The___for the flood was all that heavy rain.
b)Carelessness is the____of his failure.
c)—I‟m sorry I stepped out for a smoke.I was very tired.
—There is no____for this while you are on duty.
(12)The typhoon left,_____a lot of damage to this area.
(13)The castle dating back to the 13th century survived the big storm which_____great loss to the whole country.
(14)It is most likely that the experts will come to the area to investigate the possible damage____by the heavy flood.
(1)A昨天晚上横扫英国北部的风暴造成了数百万英镑的损失。

风暴是昨晚发生的，强调昨晚发生的风暴对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时(2)B (3)causing结果状语(4)C
(5)cause 公众缺乏环保的行为习惯，这被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因(6)C (7)being caught这句话的意思是：新证据的发现使得小偷束手就擒。

其中，lead to中的to是介词，后面接了动名词的复合结构，the thief是动名词的逻辑主语，因逻辑主语the thief与catch 之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。

(8)for→of(9)D根据最近一项研究表明，饮过量的咖啡与心脏病并没有必然的因果关系。

(10)B (11) a)reason b)cause c)excuse为我因为出去吸烟而表示抱歉。

值勤期间没有任何借口可以去做这种事(12)having caused现在分词的完成式作结果状语(13)caused始建于13世纪的城堡在给全国带来巨大损失的暴风雨中没有被破坏。

(14)caused
4.the形容词
(1)“the+形容词”表示某一类型的人
the rich富人the poor穷人the blind盲人the sick病人
the old老人the young年轻人the dead死者the wealthy富人
(2)“the+分词形容词”表示某一类型的人
the wounded伤员the injured伤员the learned有学问的人
the aged老年人the missing失踪的人the living活着的人
(3)“the+国籍形容词”表示全体国民
the British英国人the French法国人the Chinese中国人
(4)“the+形容词”表示抽象概念。

the true真the good善the beautiful美the right是the wrong非
The young___willing to find the unknown which_____causing much trouble.
A.are;is
B.is;are
C.are;are
D.is;is
A年轻人愿意去发现那导致很多麻烦的未知的事物。

the unknown表示“未知的事物”，谓语动词用单数。

5.occur vi发生；（主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中，被想起（+to）
搭配：sth occur to sb某人想起某事
It occur to sb that…某人想起……
It occur to sb to do sth某人起起做某事
It never occurred to him that she would be so displeased.他从来没有想到她会这么不高兴。

When did the accident occur?事故是什么时候发生的？
An idea has occurred to me.我有主意了。

[链接]
①happen意为“发生，碰巧”，作“发生”解时，常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的事件的“发生”，用法同occur。

sth happen to sb某人发生了某事（此时的happen可以换成occur）
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事
②take place意思是“发生”，多指有目的、有步骤地发生，因此多指变化、进步等。

③break out指“突然爆发”，强调其“出人意料”，多指地震，火山、火灾、战争的突然发生。

[链接]：
注意以下动词的过去式及分词形式的书写。

occur→occurred→occurred→occurring
prefer→preferred→preferred→perferring
refer→referred→referred→referring
infer [ɪn‟fɜ:(r)]→inferred→inferred→inferring推论
(1)Suddenly it_____ to me that I should report the accident to the police.
A.happened
B.stuck
C.occurred
D.hit
(2)It suddenly occurred to him___he had left his keys in the office.
A.whether
B.where
C.which
D.that
(3)The accident___to the man who____to be a foreigner,so it was hard to deal with.
A.occurs;happened
B.happened;occurred
C.came about;occurred
D.occurred;happened
(4)—We haven‟t heard from Jane for a long time.—What do you suppose___to her?
A.was happening
B.to happen
C.has happened
D.having happened
(5)I____along the street looking for a place to park when the accident____.
A.went;was occurring
B.went;occurred
C.was going;occurred
D.was going;had occurred
(6)选词填空：occur/happen/take place/break out
a)When the accident happened,I___to be there.
b)Should another world war____,what would become of human beings?
c)Anything unexpected might____.
d)The wedding will_____on Christmas Day in St.Peter‟s Chur ch.
(7)Not once_____(想到)to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
(8)An awful accident,however,_____(的确发生) the other day.
(9)I can‟t remember when the turning point_____(occur) exactly,but it might be a summer morning when I was in New York.
(10)A market fire that____(occur) Sunday evening in Shanghai killed six people and injured more than ten,said the local fire fighting authorities.
(11)It suddenly occurred to me____I hadn‟t locked my door.
(1)C. (2)D (3)D出事的人碰巧是个外国人，因此很难处理。

(4)C (5)C (6) a)happened
b)break out与将来事实相反的虚拟气，表示发生的可能性很小。

从句构成是：动词过去式/were to+动词原形或should+动词原形，主句是would/should/could/might+动词原形。

句意：
万一另一次世界大战爆发，人类将会发生什么事c)happen/occur d)take place(7)did it occur迈克尔从没想过有一天会成为他班里的尖子生。

(8)did occur (9)occurred (10)occurred (11)that
6.strike v & n (strike-struck-struck/stricken[…strɪkən])
(1)vt & vi敲击；撞；碰；撞击；踢（球）；（钟）敲响；划（火柴）
The stone struck me on the side of the head.石子打中了我头部的侧面。

The trees was struck by lightning.那棵树被闪电击中了。

The clock strikes the hours.这钟能按小时打点。

(2)vt侵袭
He was struck with a bad cold.他患了重感冒。

(3)vt突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到
An awful thought has just struck me.我刚才突然产生了一种很坏的想法。

学法点拨：strike作“突然想到”讲，与occur同义，但occur为不及物动词，而strike为及物动词。

sth occur to sb=sth strike sb某人想起
It occur to sb tha t…=It strike sb that…某人想起
(4)n罢工
Half the workforce[…wɜ:kfɔ:s] 全体职员are now on strike.现在有半数职工在罢工。

易混辨析：beat/hit/strike
①beat表示有目的地在某物上连续不断地打，可以是轻打也可以是重打；在游戏、竞赛或
战争中击败对方。

也可表示“雨点击打在……上”
②hit着重指打中或击中这一结果，强调敲打或击中对方的某一点。

③strike指用力地“击打”；表示短暂的动作，含有急速或突然的一次性殴打、打击或敲击，
有时与hit通用，可以用于比喻意义。

(1)The church clock began to____twelve.
A.hit
B.beat
C.strike
D.touch
(2)Mr Smith was thinking about how to explain to the manager why he was late for work,when a good idea_____to him.
A.happened
B.brought
C.occurred
D.struck
(3)When I got home,I found the door open.A terrible thought____me——had anyone broken in?
A.beat
B.knocked
C.struck
D.appeared
(4)The clock has just_____(strike) five. All the students should get up and do morning exercises.
(5)选词填空：strike/hit/beat
a)The rain was____against the window.
b)A stone_____the little boy on the head.
c)A second shot____her in the back.
d)The Chinese V olleyball team____Cuba by 3:1 in the opening game.
(1)C教堂的钟声开始敲响12点。

(2)C (3)C (4)struck/stricken (5)a)beating b)struck/hit
c)hit d)beat
7.pick vi & vt选择；采；摘；挑拣
I picked a book to read. 我选了一本书读。

We picked apples from the tree.我们从树上摘苹果。

pick up的用法
(1) （开车）接人；让人乘车；搭载I‟ll pick you up at 7 o‟clock.
The bus stopped to pick up passengers.
(2)拾起，拿起
I picked up a wallet and handed it to the teacher.
He picked up the letter and read it.他拿起信看了起来。

The phone rang and I picked it up.
(3)接收，收听
My radio picks up France broadcast[ ‟brɔ:dkɑ:st].我的收音机可收听法国广播。

It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.
(4)（偶然，无意地）学会；偶然获得
She picked up some French when in France.
He picked up the information from the magazine.
(5)恢复健康；（经济等）逐渐好转
Her health soon picked up after a few days‟ rest.她休息了几天，身体很快康复了。

I believe things will pick up soon.我相信一切很快都会好转。

The world economy[ɪ'kɒnəmɪ] is picking up.世界经济正在复苏。

(6)(跌倒后)再爬起来；振作精神
He slipped and fell,but quickly picked himself up.他失足跌倒，但马上就站了起来。

pick out挑出，辨别出
pick a pocket扒窃
pick up speed加速
[一言辨异]
Every afternoon,I pick up the radio lying on the desk to pick up the English news. It is over the radio that I pick up English.After that,it is time for me to pick up my son from school. So with my car picking up speed,I can get to the school on time.
每天下午，我拿起桌上的收音机听英语广播新闻。

就是通过收音机我学会了英语。

然后到了我去学校接儿子的时间了。

随着车速的加快我能够按时到达学校。

(1)It‟s surprising that your brother____Russian so quickly—he hasn‟t lived there very long.
A.picked up
B.looked up
C.put up
D.made up
(2)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly____my friend.
A.turn out
B.bring out
C.call out
D.pick out
(3)It‟s extremely dangerous for the drivers to_____speed as the traffic lights are changing.
A.pull up
B.put up
C.rise up
D.pick up
(4)Kathy_____a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A.picked up
B.took up
C.made up
D.turned up
(5)You‟d better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can____a rental […rentl]租赁的car and travel around.
A.take up
B.get up
C.pick up
D.turn up
(6)I think your health will soon___if you have a holiday on the seaside.
A.give up
B.pick up
C.take up
D.get up
(7)He_____the book in a most unlikely(不可能的) bookstore.
(8)The signal for help was____by another ship which happened to be at hand.
A.picked at
B.picked off
C.picked out
D.picked up
(9)—You used to study French,didn‟t you?
—No.I just picked____some words when I was in France on business.
(10)With proper measures,the economy in China is beginning to pick____again.
(11)It‟s said that firstborn头生的（子女），children pick_____vocabulary more quickly than their younger brothers or sisters.
(12)The surviving sailors managed to keep up for several hours and were eventually picked___by
a lifeboat.
(13)—Where did you get this book?
—I picked it___from a second-hand bookshop if you must know.
(14)We are waiting until the weather picks____a little.
(1)A (2)D (3)D (4)A (5)C你最好乘飞机去西部的某个地方。

然后，你可以租一辆汽
车四处观光。

搭载(6)B (7)picked up (8)D求救信号刚好被在附近的另一艘船收到。

(9)up我不过是在法国出差时学会一些单词(10)up (11)up据说，长子/女比他/她们的弟弟/
妹妹学习词汇更快。

(12)up 幸存的水手设法坚持了几个小时，最后被救生艇救了。

pick up 捡起，让……上车/船(13)up 如果你必须知道，我是在一个旧书店里买到的(14)up我们要一直等到天气好转。

8.常用的put短语：
put up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿
build up树立，逐步建立，其宾语可以是表示荣誉、名望的名词。

put away把……收起来，放好；存钱
put back放回原处
put forward提出；呈上；提前
put down放下；写下，记下；镇压
put off推迟；拖延
put out扑灭（火）；伸出
学法点拨：put out作及物动词短语用，表示“扑灭（火）；关（灯）”等，其后必须跟宾语；go out作不及物动词短语用，表示自行“熄灭”，其后不能跟宾语。

The fire spread so quickly that they couldn‟t put it out.
There was a power failure and all the lights went out.停电了，所有的灯都熄灭了。

put on穿上，上演/映
We are putting on the play again next week owing to its success.
put one’s heart to全神贯注于
put an end to sth=put sth to an end 使某事结束
put in加入，放入
put up with sth忍受，容忍某事
put aside [ə‟saɪd]把……放到一边
put together合计，总和
put sth into practice付诸实施
(1)At the last moment,Tom decided to____a new character to make the story seem more likely[ 'laɪklɪ]恰当的，似乎合适的.
A.put up
B.put in
C.put on
D.put off
(2)The exam results will be____on Friday afternoon.
A.put down
B.put off
C.put up
D.put away
(3)You can take anything from the shelf and read,but please____the books whe n you‟ve finished with them.
A.put on
B.put down
C.put back
D.put off
(4)Now that spring is here,you can____these fur coats till you need them again next winter.
A.put over
B.put down
C.put off
D.put away
(5)Don‟t be so discouraged.If you____such f eelings,you will do better next time.
A.carry on
B.get back
C.break down
D.put away
(6)They ____a notice about the matter and all of us couldn‟t put up___it.
A.put off;to
B.set up;with
C.put on ;of
D.put up;with
(7)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of____at a hotel for the night.
A.putting down
B.putting off
C.putting on
D.putting up
(8)Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can___almost every word her teacher says.
A.put out
B.put down
C.put away
D.put together
(9)It takes a long time to____a good fame [feɪm]名声，名望,but this name is quickly lost because of just one crime or piece of bad behavior.
A.build up
B.put up
C.turn up
D.set up
(10)—Is the meeting held in Room 302 or 303?
—It should be 302.But I hear that it____till tomorrow.
A.was ;put off
B.will put off
C.has been put off
D.is put off
(11)They have____signs in some places to remind the visitors not to step on the grass.
A.put on
B.put up
C.put down
D.put out
(12)—The price of the gas_____sharply during the several months.
—So it has.I want to find someone to go work with me to share the fee.
A.has been put away
B.has been put up
C.has been put out
D.has been put off
(13)My mother opened the drawer to____the knives and spoons.
A.put away
B.put up
C.put on
D.put together
(14)The fire was finally____after the building had_________for two hours.
A.put off;caught fire
B.put away;been on fire
C.put out;been on fire
D.put out;caught fire
(15)In their book,the two writers____some advice on avoiding Internet addiction.
A.put on
B.put off
C.put forward
D.put out
(16)When the children had finished playing,they were made to____all the toys___they had taken out.
A.put off;which
B.put up;that
C.put away;that
D.put out;/
(17)No one noticed the thief slip into the room because the light happened to____.
A.give in
B.put out
C.go out
D.turn off
(18)—Dad,I don‟t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see.I‟ll go right away and pay him_____.
(19)—Shall I put____the raincoat?—No hurry.Leave it where it is.It looks like rain.
(20)After the earthquake,many people had to be put____in a stadium because most of their houses were badly damaged.
(21)An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put_____,thus leading a heated discussion among the scientists.
(22)We have worked out the plan and now we must put it____practice.
(1)B在最后一刻，汤姆决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。

(2)C考试结果将在星期五下午张贴。

(3)C (4)D (5)D (6)D (7)D (8)B (9)A (10)C (11)B他们已经在一些地方贴上了标志来提醒游客不要践踏草坪。

(12)B (13)A我妈妈打开抽屉把刀子和勺
子放好。

(14)C (15)C (16)C (17)C (18)off,pay sb off付清某人工资后将其解雇(19)away (20)up (21)forward提出一个测量火星周围大气的有趣建议，在科学家中引起热
烈的讨论。

(22)into
9. take off
①（飞机）起飞，其反义词为land“着陆”。

Please fasten[ …fɑ:sn] your safety belt before we take off.
②脱下，解（拿）掉，其反义短语为put on“穿上”。

Take off your dirty clothes and put on clean ones.
③（事业）成功，走红，突然大受欢迎
The new magazine has really taken off.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。

④(匆匆)离开，请假
When he saw the police coming,he took off in the opposite direction.
The guest in the red cap took off without saying goodbye.
I‟ve decided to take a few days off from work next week.
⑤取消，停止（使用）
There is no night-flight to Hong Kong at this time.The service was taken off at the end of this summer.这个时候没有到香港的晚班飞机，这一服务今年夏末就取消了。

take along随着携带
You have no choice.You have to take along your cat.你别无选择，你必须随身带着你的猫。

take on呈现；承担（工作，责任等），雇佣
Don‟t take on any more responsibilities rɪspɒnsə‟bɪləti.不要再承担更多的责任了。

The boss took on twenty people for his new company.
take in吸收；欺骗；领会;收留，收养
They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.他们肯定要摄入大量的水分。

I can see that most of you have taken in everything that the teacher taught.
take up占据；从事
I won‟t take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你更多的时间。

To keep healthy,Professor Johnson take up cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.为了保持健康，退休后，约翰逊教授开始把骑自行车作为一种固定的锻炼形式。

take down拿下；记下
Please take down the picture from the walls.请把那些画从墙上取下来。

take over接管，接手（尤指从他人手中接手掌管或接收。

）
I‟m afraid it‟s not possible for you to take over the job.恐怕你不可能接管这项工作。

take back取回，带回，收回（说过的话）
I take back all I said about his dishonesty.
A steamer …sti:mə calls once a week to take back mail.汽船每周一次来把邮件取走。

take…for…把……误当作……
At first I took him for a doctor.
take apart拆开，拆卸
Take the watch apart and see if you can see what‟s wrong with it. 把手表拆开来看看你能不能检查出什么毛病。

take after 长相或举止像（某个长辈）（不用进行时）
Mary really takes after her mother；she has the same eyes，nose and hair.
玛丽真像她妈妈，眼睛、鼻子和头发都一个样。

take sth seriously严肃、认真地对待某事
(1)Briggs will____as general manager when Mitchell retires.
A.get away
B.take over
C.set off
D.run out
(2)Some insects ____the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A.take in
B.take off
C.take on
D.take out
(3)Yao Ming,an NBA superstar,became the boss of Shanghai basketball team,and is ready to____in the world of basketball.
A.take off
B.get off
C.turn off
e off
(4)They are against the proposal,for it____too much farmland.
A.puts up
B.takes up
C.gives up
D.makes up
(5)To keep healthy,most retired old people___jogging(jog dʒɒg慢跑) as a regular form of exercise.
A.take up
B.make up
C.carry out
D.hold out
(6) Don‟t be___by products____to make you look slim quickly.
A.taken away;promised
B.taken over;promised
C.taken out;promising
D.taken in;promising
(7)Rod loves___clocks.However,he never manages to put them together again.
A.taking apart
B.giving away
C.making up
D.turning off
(8)After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane____her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A.set out
B.took over
C.took up
D.set up
(9)—When are you leaving?—My plane____at 10:15.
A.takes off
B.took off
C.is about to take off
D.will take off
(10)Don‟t____more work than you can do or you will break down.
A.take on
B.take off
C.take over
D.take in
(11)When I was_____the school football team because I was unfit,I knew it was time to quit___.
A.taken off ;smoking
B.taken up;having smoked
C.taken down;to smoke
D.taken apart,smoking
(12)He will___his post岗位as the head of the civil […sɪvl]人民的，市民的courts at the end of next nonth.
A.take off
B.take on
C.take up
D.take out
(13)The piano is so big that it____too much room.
A.takes in
B.takes on
C.takes off
D.takes up
(14)Green plants are producers since they_____sunlight,water and carbon dioxide[daɪ‟ɒksaɪd] 二
氧化碳to make sugar.
A.take up
B.take in
C.take over
D.take on
(15)He began to take political science___only when he left school.
A.strictly
B.truly
C.carefully
D.seriously
(16)Tom tried to find a table for ten,but they were all_____(give away,take up).
(17)Yao Ming is very famous now.However,his basketball career___only after many years of hard work.
A.took on
B.took off
C.took up
D.took out
(18)The meeting has been_________ _________(取消)。

(19)Her business has really______because of her hard working.(用take相关短语的适当形式填
空)
(20)My study of biology has____much of my spare time,but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. (用take相关短语的适当形式填空)
(1)B 米切尔退休后，布里格斯将接替其任总经理。

(2)C (3)A姚明，一位NBA超级明
星，成为上海篮球队的老板，已准备好在篮球界腾飞发展。

(4)B (5)A (6) D不要相信那些承诺会让你快速苗条的产品。

(7)A (8)C 在医学院学习了5年后，简开始从事乡村医生的工作。

(9)A (10)A (11)A take off起飞，离开quit doing sth停止做某事(12)B下个月底，他将成为人民法院的院长。

take on担任(13)D (14)B (15)D (16)taken up (17)B(事业)腾飞(18)taken off (19)taken off (20)taken up
10.leave+宾语+宾补
宾补可用v-ing/v-ed/形容词/副词/介词短语/从句等充当，表示“使……处于某种状态”Don‟t leave h er waiting outside in the rain.别让她在外边雨中等着。

(v-ing)
Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?你把门窗都关好了吗？(v-ed)
I‟ll leave you to get on with your book.我要让你继续读书。

（不定式作宾补）Leave the door open,please.请让门开着吧。

（形容词）
It won‟t rain—you can leave your unbrella behind.不会下雨——你不必带伞了。

（副词）Leave him in peace for a while!让他冷静一会儿。

（介词短语）
Please leave the books where they were.请把书放在原来的地方。

（从句）
leave for动身去某地
leave out省去，遗漏；不算在内，把……排除在外
ask for leave请假
(1)A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left___.
A.unsatisfied
B.unsatisfying
C.to be unsatisfying
D.being unsatisfied
(2)Hearing the news,he ran out of the room in a hurry,____the door____.
A.to leave;opening
B.left;opened
C.leaving;opened
D.leaving;open
(3)Don‟t leave the water____while you brush your teeth.
A.run
B.running
C.being run
D.to run
(4)The teacher stressed(stress[stres]强调) again that the students should not___any important details (detail[…di:teɪl]细节)while retelling the story.
A.bring out
B.let out
C.leave out
D.make out
(5)I was really anxious about you.You____home without a word.
A.mustn‟t leave
B.shouldn‟t have left
C.couldn‟t have left
D.needn‟t leave
(6)Go and join in the party,___it to me to do the washing-up.
A.Get
B.Remain
C.Leave
D.Send
(7)用所给动词的适当形式填空。

To buy some salt,the careless housewife went downstairs,______(leave) the fish_____(cook) over the gas.
(1)A一个好的故事不需要有一个圆满的结局，但是不能让读者留下不满。

形容词作主语补
足语(2)D (3)B (4)C (5)B (6)C leave sth to sb把某物留给某人句意：去参加聚会吧，把餐具留下来让我洗。

(7)leaving being cooked强调正在进行的动作，用现在分词的被动式。

11.on average平均起来
(on average短语也可说成on an average或on the average)
On average,there are twenty boys present every day.平均每天有20个男生出席。

It takes me a week to read a book,on average.平均起来，我看一本书要用一个星期的时间。

[链接]
above(the) average在平均水平以上below(the)average在平均水平以下
His income is well above/below the average.他的收入大大高于/低于平均水平
up to the average接近一般水平
(1)He was a good student and scored_____average in most subjects.
A.below
B.of
C.on
D.above
(2)_____average,one out of ten women above the age of 50 suffers____insomnia(失眠).
A.On;from
B.In;from
C.On;by
D.In;by。