第四章英语翻译

第四章英语翻译

第四章：翻译技巧（上）

一、增译法

（一）英译汉常用的增益法

I．增加原文中省略的部分

1.Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt that the atom can be split

and its power used. （power后省略了can be）

自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道，原子可以分裂，原子能可以利用。

2. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.（money后省略

了are soon parted）

愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱。

3.Both human and cow milk are naturally spiced with a small amount of morphine.

（human后省略了milk）

人乳与牛乳均含有少量吗啡。

4.So-called convenience and frozen foods are now as popular in Europe as

they are in America.

如今，所谓的方便食品和速冻食品风靡欧洲，就像在美国一样大众化。

5.The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies between the lungs.

心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。

6.Women have outgrown the jumping-on-chair-at –the-sight-of-a-mouse era, but he says

that they have not.

女性已经不再像从前那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；而他则认为，今天的女性还没有取得这样的进步。

7.Population increase and decrease relatively not only to one another, but also to natural

resources.

人口的增减不仅彼此有相对关系，而且也和自然资源有相对关系。

8.Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected?

如果对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你会悔改呢？

9.Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it.

因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任一物体都会受到空气的作用力。

II．增加意义上或修辞上的需要的部分

1.He left without a word.

他一句话也不说就走了。

2.What a leader he was!

他真是一个出类拔萃的领袖啊。

3.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones.

亲人的相继离世是他的一生充满了个人悲剧。

4.Disappearances occurred with apparently increasing frequency.

失踪事件接二连三地发生，显然越来越频繁。

5.She warmly welcomed her guests in and brought them a cup of tea.

她热情地将客人们迎进来，然后给他们各端了一杯茶。

6.Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly.

哈丽特阿姨时常慷慨地款待客人。

7.They wanted to ease the tension in the Middle East.

他们试图缓解中东的紧张局势。

8.There were rows of houses which he had never seen before.

一排排的房子，都是他从来没有见过的。

9.Day after day he came to his work --- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.

他每天来干活------扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。

10.The thesis summed up the new achievements made in computers, artificial satellites

and rockets.

该论文总结了计算机、人造卫星和火箭三方面的最新成就。

（二）汉译英常用的增益法

A．增词明确原意

1.我早晨起床后的第一件事是收拾房间。

The first thing I do when I get up in the morning is to tidy up the room.

2.意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：……

A famous ancient Italian traveler, Marco Polo, once described his impressions of

Hangzhou like this: ……

3.台湾是中国的领土。

Taiwan is part of Chinese territory.

4.饭店现有三个餐厅和一个贵宾间、240个座位。

The restaurant now has three dining rooms and a VIP room with a total of 240 seats.

5.狠抓管理，安全生产。

We should improve management and ensure safe production.

6.月亮升得高高的，明亮犹如银盘。

The moon rose high, shining as brightly as a silver plate.

7.突然电话铃响了。母亲让我回去送弟弟去医院看病。