新目标英语九年级Unit1grammarfocus
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a lot. e. By making word cards. f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.
1. c 2. e 3. f 4. a 5. b 6. d
4b Make sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you.
c. I like to practice my physics by___________ d.
_____________________________________. d. I like to improve my chemistry by_______
____________________________________ . e. I like to practice my Chinese by_________
A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?
B: Yes, I do. A: How often do you do them? B: ...
I learn English by…
My partner learns English by…
doing grammar exercises. Yes no
One way is by listening to tapes.
4a Match the questions and answers.
1. How do you practice speaking? 2. How do you learn new words? 3. How do you improve your writing? 4. How do you practice listening? 5. How do you improve your pronunciation? 6. How do you learn grammar?
pronunciation vocabulary speaking
look
see readingwatcheye源自checkhand
write match translate copy number
vocabulary grammar writing
She learns English by working with friends.
二、by+时间名词。 意为：“到…时（已发生某事），此时谓 语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之 前”。 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed.
三、by+名词。 1）可用来表方法、方式、手段 Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 城市里的女清洁工通常按小时获得报酬。 2） by+交通工具、交通方式名词 by train /taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane; by land/road/sea/water/air
✔ ✔
根据所给图示用适当的词汇完成句子。
1. She learns English _b__y_w_a_t_c_h_i_n_g______ 2. En_g_l_is_h_-_l_a_n_g_u_a_g_e_T_V___.
2. She learns English _b_y__r_e_a_d_in_g__t_h_e_ _te_x_t_b_o_o_k_____.
Structure
Adv S
P
O
How do you do something?
we
they
We
sth.
do (sth.) by
They
doing.
How does he do something?
she
it
He
sth.
She does (sth.) by
It
doing.
“how” 的用法 how 引导特殊疑问句有两种含义 1）表示问候，无须准确回答。 eg. How do you do?
How are you? How is everything going? 2）表示“怎样”。
eg. -- How is your new house? -- It’s great. -- 你的新房子怎么样？-- 它太棒了。 -- How do you learn English?
你是怎样学习英语的？
3. They learn English _b_y__a_sk__in_g__th__e_ _te_a_c_h_e_r__fo_r__h_e_lp____.
music
4. She learns English _b_y_e_n_j_o_y_i_n_g__ _E_n_g_l_is_h__so_n_g_s__.
One may miss the mark by aiming too high as too low. —Thomas Fuller 一个目标过高和过低都会偏离靶心。
by是英语中比较活跃的一个词。by既 可作介词也可用作副词。它词义多， 用法广泛。
一、by+地点名词。 表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。 by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。 有时可表:“从…旁经过”,多与动词go / walk / pass等连用
3）by+抽象名词 I made a coat with my own hands. It was made by hand, not by machine. 我用双手织了一件外套。它是用手工织的， 而不是机器织的。 4） by+数量词 With production up by 60, the company has had another excellent year. 产量上升了百分之六十，这家公司今年的业 绩极好。
how often Yes
No how often
taking notes in English.
reading English books/magazines.
✔
writing in an English diary.
using an English dictionary.
✔
every day every week
a. By watching English programs. b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud. c. By having conversations with friends. d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading
He learns English by asking the teacher for help.
He learns English by watching TV.
She learns English by practicing with foreigners.
Grammar Focus
How do you learn I learn by studying with
____________________________________. f. I like to improve my history and geography
by___________________________________
4c Check (✔) what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner.
He earned his living by fishing. 父母可以通过多跟孩子沟通来更了解他们的 孩子。
五、 by的常见短语：
by means of / by way of / by the way/ one by one / step by step / side by side/ shoulder by shoulder/ by oneself / learn/bear…by heart / what do you mean by …？
-- I learn English by reading lots of English magazines. 我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文。
注意how和what引导的疑问句是不 一样的, 不能混淆。
how通常对程度或方式进行提问, 意 为“怎么样”, 回答通常做状语或表语。
what常对动作的发出者或接受者进 行提问, 意为“什么”, 回答通常做主语或 宾语。
She learns English by making flashcards.
He learns English by reading the textbook.
He learns English by making vocabulary lists.
He learns English by listening to tapes.
Complete these statements. Use information that is true for you.
a.I like to practice my English by taking notes / b. reading books and newspapers / speaking c. English with my classmates / memorizing d. sentence patterns. b. I like to learn math by__________________ c. ______________________________________.
新目标英语九年级 Unit1grammarfocus
What is the relationship between body parts and language learning?
listen
listening
ear
mouth
say talk speak read ask answer repeat
5）by+身体部位名词或衣服名词。 表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分，常与动词 catch / seize / take / hold / grab等连用 The soldier grabbed the child by the collar. 那个士兵揪住了孩子的衣领。
四、 by+动词 v-ing 意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。 He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers 他通过印刷著名作家的作品而获得了巨大的 财富。
English?
a group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud?
How can I read faster?
How can I improve my pronunciation?
Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
You can read faster by reading word groups.
比较：
1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. (表示程度, 做表语)
2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled by bike. (表方式, 做状语)
3. What do you learn at school? I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. (做宾语)
math physics chemistry Chinese history geography
e.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes/ speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.
1. c 2. e 3. f 4. a 5. b 6. d
4b Make sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you.
c. I like to practice my physics by___________ d.
_____________________________________. d. I like to improve my chemistry by_______
____________________________________ . e. I like to practice my Chinese by_________
A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?
B: Yes, I do. A: How often do you do them? B: ...
I learn English by…
My partner learns English by…
doing grammar exercises. Yes no
One way is by listening to tapes.
4a Match the questions and answers.
1. How do you practice speaking? 2. How do you learn new words? 3. How do you improve your writing? 4. How do you practice listening? 5. How do you improve your pronunciation? 6. How do you learn grammar?
pronunciation vocabulary speaking
look
see readingwatcheye源自checkhand
write match translate copy number
vocabulary grammar writing
She learns English by working with friends.
二、by+时间名词。 意为：“到…时（已发生某事），此时谓 语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之 前”。 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed.
三、by+名词。 1）可用来表方法、方式、手段 Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 城市里的女清洁工通常按小时获得报酬。 2） by+交通工具、交通方式名词 by train /taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane; by land/road/sea/water/air
✔ ✔
根据所给图示用适当的词汇完成句子。
1. She learns English _b__y_w_a_t_c_h_i_n_g______ 2. En_g_l_is_h_-_l_a_n_g_u_a_g_e_T_V___.
2. She learns English _b_y__r_e_a_d_in_g__t_h_e_ _te_x_t_b_o_o_k_____.
Structure
Adv S
P
O
How do you do something?
we
they
We
sth.
do (sth.) by
They
doing.
How does he do something?
she
it
He
sth.
She does (sth.) by
It
doing.
“how” 的用法 how 引导特殊疑问句有两种含义 1）表示问候，无须准确回答。 eg. How do you do?
How are you? How is everything going? 2）表示“怎样”。
eg. -- How is your new house? -- It’s great. -- 你的新房子怎么样？-- 它太棒了。 -- How do you learn English?
你是怎样学习英语的？
3. They learn English _b_y__a_sk__in_g__th__e_ _te_a_c_h_e_r__fo_r__h_e_lp____.
music
4. She learns English _b_y_e_n_j_o_y_i_n_g__ _E_n_g_l_is_h__so_n_g_s__.
One may miss the mark by aiming too high as too low. —Thomas Fuller 一个目标过高和过低都会偏离靶心。
by是英语中比较活跃的一个词。by既 可作介词也可用作副词。它词义多， 用法广泛。
一、by+地点名词。 表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。 by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。 有时可表:“从…旁经过”,多与动词go / walk / pass等连用
3）by+抽象名词 I made a coat with my own hands. It was made by hand, not by machine. 我用双手织了一件外套。它是用手工织的， 而不是机器织的。 4） by+数量词 With production up by 60, the company has had another excellent year. 产量上升了百分之六十，这家公司今年的业 绩极好。
how often Yes
No how often
taking notes in English.
reading English books/magazines.
✔
writing in an English diary.
using an English dictionary.
✔
every day every week
a. By watching English programs. b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud. c. By having conversations with friends. d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading
He learns English by asking the teacher for help.
He learns English by watching TV.
She learns English by practicing with foreigners.
Grammar Focus
How do you learn I learn by studying with
____________________________________. f. I like to improve my history and geography
by___________________________________
4c Check (✔) what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner.
He earned his living by fishing. 父母可以通过多跟孩子沟通来更了解他们的 孩子。
五、 by的常见短语：
by means of / by way of / by the way/ one by one / step by step / side by side/ shoulder by shoulder/ by oneself / learn/bear…by heart / what do you mean by …？
-- I learn English by reading lots of English magazines. 我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文。
注意how和what引导的疑问句是不 一样的, 不能混淆。
how通常对程度或方式进行提问, 意 为“怎么样”, 回答通常做状语或表语。
what常对动作的发出者或接受者进 行提问, 意为“什么”, 回答通常做主语或 宾语。
She learns English by making flashcards.
He learns English by reading the textbook.
He learns English by making vocabulary lists.
He learns English by listening to tapes.
Complete these statements. Use information that is true for you.
a.I like to practice my English by taking notes / b. reading books and newspapers / speaking c. English with my classmates / memorizing d. sentence patterns. b. I like to learn math by__________________ c. ______________________________________.
新目标英语九年级 Unit1grammarfocus
What is the relationship between body parts and language learning?
listen
listening
ear
mouth
say talk speak read ask answer repeat
5）by+身体部位名词或衣服名词。 表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分，常与动词 catch / seize / take / hold / grab等连用 The soldier grabbed the child by the collar. 那个士兵揪住了孩子的衣领。
四、 by+动词 v-ing 意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。 He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers 他通过印刷著名作家的作品而获得了巨大的 财富。
English?
a group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud?
How can I read faster?
How can I improve my pronunciation?
Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
You can read faster by reading word groups.
比较：
1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. (表示程度, 做表语)
2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled by bike. (表方式, 做状语)
3. What do you learn at school? I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. (做宾语)
math physics chemistry Chinese history geography
e.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes/ speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.