期末专项练习之语法填空-高一上学期英语外研版(2019)必修第一册

高一英语期末专项练习之语法填空（1）
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历
I woke up this morning 1________ (excite) but nervous as today was the day when I would begin my journey of senior high school. Thousands of thoughts rushed through my mind: 2________ if I can't fit in? Will I make 3________ good impression? I couldn't even enjoy the big breakfast my mum had made for me. Seeing I was 4________ (terrible) nervous, my mum told me I would be fine if I followed the school rules.
So I smiled and hoped for the best possible outcome (结果). The bus ride seemed so long, but soon enough there I was. I stood outside the school building. It seemed a bit bigger 5________ what I had imagined, and I went inside.
As soon as I opened the classroom door, all I 6________ (see) were other kids. They all looked anxious and worries spread over everyone's face. Then I knew I was not the only one feeling this way.
I spent the rest of the day 7________ (explore) what everything was like. The worried faces disappeared as time went on. We got to know 8________ (we) teachers a bit more. They were neither unfriendly 9________ strict.
Before I knew it, the day was over. I don't know why I felt nervous and worried. Senior high school may seem 10________ (frighten), but it's just like junior high.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

体裁：议论文题材：学校生活
Your time at senior high school will open the door to your potential.You may ask what potential is.Potential is your natural ability 1________ can be developed when you try hard enough.The possibilities are endless, and you can make 2________ difference to your family, to your community and to our country.Over the next three years, your potential 3________ (discover) while you develop as a student and as an individual.
To fully realise your potential, it is 4________(definite) important for you to make the most of the school resources.Join a club or two, and make good friends 5________ people around you.But remember a good friend should have some good 6________ (quality). A good friend needs to be supportive, generous and selfless. If he is having difficulty 7________ (balance) his activities and schoolwork, you should respect and support his choices.
When he 8________ (struggle) with his schoolwork, you should help him become a more efficient learner.
As a senior high school student, you must make efforts 9________ (improve) your communication and problemsolving skills.Never lose hope, even in difficult situations.In time you will find 10________ (you) growing into a wellrounded individual.Do your best!
三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

体裁：说明文题材：语言文化
New words are born with the world changing 1________ (great). Existing words may develop new meanings and some fall out of use.There are some 2________ (reason) for these changes.
Not surprisingly, technology is responsible 3________ a lot of new words.For example,
“blog”，which is a shortened form of “weblog”，was created due to Internet use.Besides, new ways of 4________ (communicate) create new languages.When texting to each other on mobile phones, friends tend to use a 5________ (quick) and easier way such as “c u l8r” and “lol”.
Thirdly, teenagers have 6________ great influence on the new meanings of some words.For exampl e, “sick” 7________ (use) to mean “great” and “wassup” to mean “hello”．Fourthly, human beings' laziness may contribute to some shortened phrases.The last involves globalisation (全球化), 8________ is an effective way of spreading English around the world.Nonnative English speakers are creating 9________ (they) own form of language named Globish.Will Globish be the most commonly 10________ (speak) language in the world one day? Only time will tell.
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

体裁：说明文题材：安全常识
The skin, which acts as 1________ barrier against diseases, poisons and the sun's __2________ (harm) rays, is an essential part of your body. So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. Depending on which layers of the skin are burned, the degrees of burns 3________ (call) first，second or thirddegree burns. Firstdegree burns make an impact only 4________ the top layer of the skin and it turns white when 5________ (press).
Seconddegree burns include severe sunburn and burns 6________ (cause) by hot liquids. Thirddegree burns cause little or no pain if the nerves are damaged or there is pain around the edge of the injured area.If possible, we should do some first aid.First, remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing near the burn.Second, cool the burns 7________ (immediate) with cool but not icy water, 8________ prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces the swelling. It is helpful 9________ (put) cloths in a basin of cold water, squeeze them out and place them on the burned area over and over again. Third, hold the bandage 10________ place with tape if necessary. Last, it is vital that we should get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once if the injuries are second or thirddegree burns.
答案与解析
一、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了作者第一天上高中时的见闻及感想。

1．excited 根据空后but nervous可知，设空处需用形容词作主语补足语，表示主语I的状态，需用ed形式，故填excited，意为“(感到)兴奋的”。

2．What “What if…?”为固定句型，意为“要是……怎么办？”。

故填What。

3．a 句意为：我会留下好印象吗？make a good impression为固定短语，意为“留下好印象”。

故填a。

4．terribly 修饰形容词nervous应用副词，作状语。

terrible的副词形式为terribly，意为“非常，很”。

5．than 根据空前比较级bigger可知，此处应用than。

6．saw 根据从句的谓语动词opened可知，主句谓语动词需用一般过去时。

故填saw。

7．exploring spend time doing sth为固定搭配，故填exploring。

8．our 此处作定语，修饰名词teachers，应用形容词性物主代词our。

9．nor 根据空前的neither可知，此处为neither… nor… 结构，意为“既不……也不……”，为固定搭配。

故填nor。

10．frightening 系动词seem后需接形容词作表语，表示主语Senior high school的性质，需用ing形式的形容词，frightening意为“令人害怕的”。

二、【语篇导读】高中是学生发展潜力、结交朋友和提高各项技巧的阶段，大家要充分利用这一学段提升自己。

1．that/which 句意为：潜力就是当你足够努力时就可以得到开发的天赋。

分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰限定your natural ability，指物，关系词在从句中作主语。

故填that/which。

2．a 句意为：机会是无限的，并且你可以对你的家庭、你的社区和我们的国家产生影响。

make a difference (to sth)为固定搭配，意为“(对……)有影响”。

故填a。

3．will be discovered 句意为：在接下来的三年里，你作为一名学生以及一个个体发展自己的同时，你的潜力将会被发掘。

根据时间状语Over the next three years可知，此处应用一般将来时；your potential和discover之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。

故填will be discovered。

4．definitely 句意为：要想充分发挥你的潜能，充分利用学校的资源对你来说确实很重要。

此处修饰后面的形容词important，应用副词。

故填definitely。

5．with 句意为：加入一到两个俱乐部，和你周围的人成为好朋友。

make friends with sb为固定搭配，意为“成为某人的朋友”。

故填with。

6．qualities 句意为：但是，要记得好朋友应该有一些好的品质。

此空前面有some和形容词good修饰，且quality意为“品性”时是可数名词，所以这里要用名词复数形式。

故填qualities。

7．balancing 句意为：如果他在平衡他的活动和课堂作业上有困难，你应该尊重并支持他的选择。

have difficulty (in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“在做某事上有困难”。

故填balancing。

8．struggles/is struggling 句意为：当他在努力完成课堂作业时，你应该帮助他变成一个更加有效率的学习者。

此处为从句谓语，因为从句主语是he，所以从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

此处可作一般性描述，也可为描述正在进行的动作，故填struggles/is struggling。

9．to improve 句意为：作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高你的沟通能力和解决问题的能力。

make efforts to do sth为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。

故填to improve。

10．yourself 句意为：早晚有一天，你会发现你自己成长为一个全面发展的人。

根据句子结构和句意可知，这里表示“你自己”，应用反身代词。

故填yourself。

三、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了如今语言中的一些词汇发生变化的几个原
因。

1．greatly 句意为：新词随着世界的巨大变化而产生。

修饰现在分词changing应用副词作状语，故填greatly。

2．reasons 句意为：这些变化有一些原因。

reason在此处意为“原因”，是可数名词，由are 和some可知，应用复数。

故填reasons。

3．for 句意为：毫不奇怪，科技是很多新词产生的原因。

be responsible for…是固定短语，意为“是……的原因”。

故填for。

4．communication/communicating 句意为：此外，新的交流方式创造了新的语言。

介词后接名词或者动名词作宾语；communicate的名词形式为communication，意为“交流”，
不可数，故填communication；也可填动名词communicating。

5．quicker 句意为：当朋友之间在手机上互相发短信时，他们往往会使用一种更快、更容易的方式，比如“c u l8r”和“lol”。

设空处和easier由and连接，并列作定语；根据语境可知，此处表示这种方式更快、更容易，应用形容词比较级。

故填quicker。

6．a 句意为：第三，青少年对有些词的新含义有很大的影响。

have a great influence on…为固定搭配，意为“对……有极大影响”；great的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

7．is used 句意为：例如，“sick”被用来表示“很棒”，“wassup”则意为“你好”。

文章主要时态是一般现在时，此处为客观陈述，也应用一般现在时，主语“sick”与谓语动词use之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填is used。

8．which 句意为：最后一个原因是全球化，这是一种在全球传播英语的有效方式。

分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为globalisation，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。

9．their 句意为：不是以英语为母语的人正在创造他们自己的语言形式，叫作“全球语”。

one's own意为“某人自己的”，故此处应用形容词性物主代词。

故填their。

10．spoken 句意为：“全球语”有一天会成为世界上最常用的语言吗？分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰language，speak与language之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。

spoken language意为“口语”，故填spoken。

四、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了烧伤的三种程度、伤口特点以及烧伤后正确的处理方式。

1．a barrier 为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且barrier 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

2．harmful 此处修饰名词rays，应用形容词作定语，根据语境可知，此处表示“有害的”，故填harmful。

3．are called 主句主语the degrees 为复数概念，且与call 之间为被动关系，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are called。

4．on/upon 句意为：一度烧伤只会影响皮肤表层，按压后皮肤会变白。

make an impact on/upon… 为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”，故填on/upon。

5．pressed 此处为状语从句的省略，还原后为when it is pressed，省略了主语和be 动词，故填pressed。

6．caused 分析句子结构可知，________ by hot liquids在句中作后置定语，应用非谓语动词形式；cause 与其所修饰词burns 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填caused。

7．immediately 此处修饰动词cool，应用副词作状语，故填immediately。

8．which 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处指代前面整个主句，应用which 引导该从句，故填which。

9．to put 本句为“It is/was + adj.+ to do sth.”结构，其中It 作形式主语。

此处应用不定式短语作真正的主语，故填to put。

10．in 结合语境可知，此处表示“在适当位置”，应用短语in place，故填in。