2020全国教师招考英语学科词法3

2020全国教招英语学科
词法3
主讲：慕伊
粉笔教师教育粉笔教师
考点 4 固定结构用法
more than 与数词连用，表示“多
余”“超过”=over
I’ve known him for more than twenty
years.
通常后接名词,表示“不只
是，不仅仅是”
He is more than a father to her.
后接adj. adv. 表示“及其，
非常”，相当于副词
very/much
He was more than upset by the accident.
“难以，完全不能”（后常
连情态动词can的从句）
That is more than I can tell (=I can’t tell
that).
I love you more than I can say
与动词 like,love 等连用，
表示“更，更加“
I like tennis more than I like football.
more... than...
表示“比……更多”(more 是
many/much的比较级)
Last year there were more births
than deaths.
表示“比…更” （此时 more
后接多音节形容词或副词，
构成比较级，表示对两者进
行比较）
Travelling by train is more
relaxing than by driving.
表示“与其说……不如说”
more A than B
（此时不是对两个对象进比
较，而是对同一个人或物两
个不同方面进行比较或取舍）
He is more lucky than clever.
翻译：more A than B
与其说是B 不如说是A
补充： 固定搭配
1.The experiment was done by not more than 5 persons.
2.This story is not more interesting than that one.
3.There are no more than ten tickets left.
4.Tom speaks English no more fluent than his brother.
more than
less than not more than
not less than
not more ... than not less ... than no more than
no less than no more ... than no less ... than
not more than 不多于，not 分开表不及no more than强调少，no分开都否定
小试牛刀
1. ---Don't you think Carl was brave to go wingsuit flying?
---Personally, I think he was______.He shouldn't have risked his life to do so.
A. as mad as brave
B. madder than braver
C. more mad than brave
D. brave rather than mad
2. You are_____careful than your brother. you two can't do the work that needs care and skill.
A. not more
B. no more
C. not less
D. no less
考点 5倍数表达
1. A+be+倍数+ 形容词（或副词）的比较级+than+B
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
2.A+be+倍数+as+形容词（或 much）或副词+as+B
This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.
3.A+be+倍数+the+size(length,height...)+of+B
This hill is four times the height of that small one.
4.The+size(length,height...)of+A+be+ 倍数+that+of+B
The height of this hill is four times that of that small one.
小试牛刀
1.When you study the local map, you'll find this town is_______.
A. twice the size of that one
B. twice as a large town as that
C. twice as larger as that one
D. twice as larger a town as that
5介词
常用介词的用法
其他介词的区别和用法
一、常用介词的用法
at/on/in at
后接时间点，即
钟点、（做某事
的）时刻等
He will arrive at six.
at noon
at that time
at the end of the holiday 表示“在...岁时”She got married at seventeen.
在一些时间短语
中，at 表示时间
段
at dinner time
at weekends/the weekend
at night
at Christmas
at this time of (the) year
考点1表示时间
at/on/in on
后接特定的日子、
具体的日期、星
期几;某日的上午、
下午、晚上
We met each other on Monday.
on weekdays
on New Year's Day
on that day
on my birthday
on September 20
on the following day
on a cold winter morning
on a sunny day in October
in the morning/afternoon/evening/daytime
in a day/week/month/year
in August
in spring/summer/autumn/winter
in one’s life
后接时间段，即
在较长的一段时
间内
in
考点1表示时间
since/ from/ for since
指从过去到现在的
一段时间，常与完
成时连用
It has been three years since we broke
up.
from从时间的某一点开
始
Most people work from 9 am. to 5pm. for
for+时间段，通常
做状语 “(延续)...之
久”
(1)They lived in China for two years.
(2)They will stay in China for two years.
(3)They have lived in China for two years.
by by+时间点，“到…
为止”“在……之前”
(1)By the time the doctor arrived, the
patient had died.
(2)By 2021, our company will have
earned more than 10 billion dollars.
小试牛刀
1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on
B. at; on
C. in; in
D. in; on
2. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. since
3. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. during
4. The train is starting___five minutes.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D.still
考点2表示地点
①地理位置范围
in+大地点 When did your father arrive in Hefei/China?
at+小地点 When did your father arrive at the airport/bus station?
②与方位词east,west,south,north等连用时， on 强调接邻， in 表示“在内部”，to 表示相离
Mongolia lies on the north of China.(毗邻)
Hefei lies in the south of Anhui.(范围之内)
to Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外）in on
③ 表示“穿过”: through, across, over
u across表示在表面上“跨过”， 与on有关。

People are walking across the street.
u through表示从内部“穿过”，与in有关。

They are driving through the forest.
u over表示从上面“越过”。

They climbed over the hill.
The plane flew over the Great wall.
u补充：past表示“经过”。

The gilr walks past the store.
小试牛刀
1.--Excuse me, where is the bookstore?
--Go________the bridge.You will see it on your left.
A. over
B. across
C. through
D. above
2.There is a bridge______the river.
A. over
B. across
C. through
D. on
3.He suddenly saw Sue______the room. He pushed his way______the crowd of people to get to her.
A. across; across
B. over; through
C.over; into
D. across; through
前无冠词by letter by post
考点3表示方式、手段、工具
还可加身体器官，with both hands
考点4表示材料
考点5表示穿着
表示穿着的动词辨析：
wear：穿戴衣服，眼镜，帽子等，强调状态put on：穿戴衣服，眼镜，帽子等，强调动作dress：给…穿衣，+人
小试牛刀
2— You'd better not judge a person _____ his appearance.
— I know all the people dressed _____ rags are not beggars.
A.in; in
B.by; by
C.in; by
D.by; in
1.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A. of 
B. as 
C. by 
D. with 
二、其他介词的区别与用法
考点1except, except for, except-clause, besides
① except 用于同类事物的排除，不用于句首，可用于从句（连词）。

except for 从整体中排除一个细节（与主语非同类), 可用于句首。

（肯定整体，否定局部）
Every one of us, except Jim, went to watch the basketball match.
He is very hansome except (连词) when he smiles.
Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
② besides 表示一种累加关系，表示“除了.....外， 还有......”； 用作副词，“另外” except 则表示一种排除关系， 意指“除了....之外， 不再有.....”
Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
Nobody went to see him except his wife.
I don't want to go; besides, I am too tired.
小试牛刀
1. Your composition is very good______a few spelling mistakes.
A. except for
B. except
C.besides
D.but for
2. Does John know any other foreign language_______French?
A. except
B. but
C.besides
D. beside
①表示“（时间）过了，比……晚，迟于”。

They arrived beyond nine o’clock.
②表示“（位置）在……的那边，在……以外”。

The small village is 20 miles beyond the town. ③表示“（范围）超过，为……所不及”。

The book is beyond me.
考点2beyond 的用法
常见搭配
（1）beyond praise （2）beyond expression （3）beyond description （4）beyond doubt
（5）beyond control （6）beyond comparison
小试牛刀
1. The scenery in my hometown is beautiful beyond_______.
munication
B.expression
C.situation
anisation
第六节 数 词
基数词的用法要点
序数词的用法要点
分数、小数、百分数用法要点
dozen, score, hundred...
一、基数词用法要点
1.表示某人五十岁、六十岁等几十岁时。

构成：in+one's+逢十基数词复数
in one's fifties.
2.表示几十年代,“in the +基数词复数”
在 20 世纪 80 年代: in the 1980s = in the 1980's
二、序数词用法要点
1.序数词前一般要加定冠词 the。

Can you give me the second chance?
2.表示“又一，再一”时，序数词前一般要加定冠词 a。

Can you give a second chance?
3.下列四种情况，序数词前不用冠词。

①序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时，不能再用冠词。

【例】This is Tom’s second visit to China.
②表示比赛或考试的名次时，通常省略定冠词。

【例】He was (the) second in the English exam.
③序数词被用作副词时不用冠词。

【例】I have to finish my homework first.
④在某些习语中，不用冠词。

【例】at first 起初；first of all 首先；at first sight 乍一看。

分子 基数词
= = 分子 +in/out of+分母
分母 基数词
Two thirds of students are girls.
Two thirds of food has been eaten.
①分数=
2
= two third s=two out of three/ two in three
3
分子 基数词 >1
= =
分母 序数词 +S
分数=
判断依据：
主体名词一致
三、分数、小数、百分比的表达法
四、dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million 用法要点总结：前无数字，加S加of 前有数字，无S无of ①与具体数字连用时，通常用单数，其后也不接介词 of。

【例】About three million workers were on strike.
②不与具体数字连用时，词尾不仅要加 -s, 而且其后要接介词 of，然后才能接名词。

【例 1】I’ve read it dozens/scores of times. 【例 2】Millions of people are homeless. 特例：与 a few, several, many 等数目不很具体的词连用时，带不带复数词尾-s 均可。

There I saw several hundreds of foreign guests.
There I saw several hundred (of) foreign guests.
1. The hero of the story is an artist in his_______.
A. thirtieth
B. thirty
C.thirty's
D. thirties 2.The two great men wrote those letters in_______.
A. 1870's
B. 1870s
C. the 1870's
D. the 18703._______of the money belongs to my parents.
A. Two third
B. Two five
C. Second fifths
D. Two fifths 4.About 40______of the population of that country_______on farms.
A. percent;lives
B. percent;live
C. percents;live
D. percents;lives
小试牛刀
第七节 连 词
一、连词的分类
二、连词的用法
一、连词的分类
种类(功能)功能连词
从属连词引导从句when, while, if, although, so, that
并列连词连接平行的词、词组及句子 and, but, or, as well as, both...and, not only...but also, either...or, neither...nor ,
二、连词的用法
for 不放句首，前有逗号
In your free time,________ this incredible city and you will certainly have an unforgettable experience.A. exploring B. explore C. explored D to explore
小试牛刀
固定结构：
① 祈使句（表条件）+and you will+主句（表结果）
【例】Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
②祈使句(表条件)+or/otherwise/or else you will+主句（表结果）
【例】Hurry up, or you will be late for class.
小试牛刀
1. Kevin's teacher saw him as quiet and shy, ____ with his friends he was exactly the opposite.
A. or
B. for
C. but
D. so
2. We're going to the bookstore.You can come with us_____you can meet us there later.
A .and B. but C. or D. then
知识链接。