2021年唐山市第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案

2021年唐山市第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Come and enjoy Vivaldi's TheFour Seasonsperformed by live musicians!
Tickets
△Zone A Sating (Excellent Visibility, $75)
△Zone B Seating (Great Visibility, $60)
△Zone C Seating (Good Visibility, $45)
△Zone D Seating (Restricted Visibility, 30)
Zone A and Zone B audiences will get the chance to take pictures with the performers on the stage after the show.
Highlights
* A beautiful venue bathed in candlelight.
*Classical music performance by the Angel Strings quartet
*A safe and socially-distanced event, ensuring you are comfortable and at ease.
General Info
*Dates and times: Various dates, at 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm (select during purchase).
*How long: 65 minutes. Doors open 45 minutes before the start time. We recommend you arrive at least 30 minutes before the start of the event, as late entry is not permitted.
*Where: Events on Oxlade
*Age requirement: Must be 8 years old or older to attend. Anyone under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult.
*Please note: The 6:30 pm seating will take place during daylight hours outdoors, and the space will not be that dark. In the case of rain, the event will be moved to the indoor area of the venue.
Description
Whether you're looking for a beautifully unique classical music performance or a romantic candlelit experience, this performance is for you. You don't need to know all things about Vivaldi to enjoy the evening; simply sit back and admire the wonderful atmosphere and the pieces you'll hear.
Join our musicians for an evening under the stars, and prepare to be taken into the clouds with Vivaldi' s most treasured masterpieces!
1.What can someone with a $45 ticket do?
A.Perform on the stage.
B.Enjoy good visibility.
C.Select a seat in Zone B.
D.Take photos with the musicians.
2.What should potential audiences keep in mind?
A.Arrive at the venue on time.
B.Learn about Vivaldi in advance.
C.The performance lasts 45 minutes.
D.The event will be canceled if it rains.
3.What do we know about the 8:30 p.m. performance?
A.It welcomes children under the age of 8.
B.Its performers differ on different dates.
C.Its stage will be decorated with candles.
D.It will be shown in the indoor area of the venue.
B
Every racehorse has different abilities．Like humans，some are short- distance runners，while others are marathoners．Figuring out which is which and how to pace them can be the difference between failure in the finish and taking the award home．Jockeys（赛马骑师）and trainers have traditionally relied on centuries of experience and data from previous races to plan their races．
Amandine Aftalion，a mathematician in Paris，thought she could add to that．Since 2013，she has been analyzing the performances of world champion runners like Usain Bolt．She has found that short-distance runners tend to win when they start strong and gradually slow down toward the finish line．Butin medium-distance races，runners perform better when they start strong，settle down，and finish with a burst of speed．Her model shows how those winning strategies maximize the energy output of muscles reliant on two different pathways：powerful aerobic（有氧的）ones that require oxygen，which can be in limited supply during a race，and anaerobic ones，which don't need oxygen but build up waste products that lead to tiredness．
Aftalion wondered which strategy would be best for horses．So she and Quentin Mercier，anothermathematician，took advantage of a new GPS tracking tool inserted in French racing saddles（马鞍）．The two studied patterns in many races at the Chantilly racetracks north of Paris and developed a model that accounted for winning strategies for three different races：a short one(1，300 meters)，a medium one (1,900 meters)，and a slightly longer one (2,100 meters)，all with different starting points on the same track．The model
takes into account not just different race distances，but also the size or friction fromthe track surface．The results might surprise jockeys who hold horses back early for bursts of energy in the last finish．Instead，a strong start leads to a better finish，the team found．“That doesn't mean those jockeys are wrong，though．If the start is too strong，it can bedevastatingas well，leaving the horse tired by the end，” Aftalion says．
4. What should a runner do to get an award according to the text?
A. Make a good start．
B. Plan for the race early．
C. Run slowly on the starting line．
D. Try runningquickly all the time．
5. What formed the basis for Aftalion's studying horse race?
A The experience and data from previous horse races．
B. The benefit of knowing horses' different abilities．
C. The success in studying runners' winning strategies．
D. The performance of horses on different race distances．
6. What does the underlined word“devastating”in the last paragraph mean?
A. Boring．
B. Damaging．
C. Astonishing．
D. Puzling．
7. What can we infer from the text?
A. Runners have the same energy output of muscles．
B. Aftalion's findings may help horses to win the race．
C. What Jockeys and trainers do makes no sense to horses．
D. World champion runners made a contribution to the study．
C
There is no such thing as a “safe" level of drinking, with increased consumption of alcohol associated with poorer brain health, according to a new study.
In an observational study, which has not yet been peer-reviewed, researchers from the University of Oxford studied the relationship between the self-reported alcohol intake of some 25,000 people in the UK, and their brain scans. The researchers noted that drinking had an effect on the brain's gray matter-regions in the brain that make up "important bits where information is processed," according to leadauthor Anya Topiwala, a senior clinical researcher at Oxford.
“The more people drank, the less the volume of their gray matter,“ Topiwala said via email. "Brain volume reduces with age and more severely with dementia(痴呆症).Smaller brain volume also predicts worse performance on memory testing,“ she explained. "While alcohol only made a small contribution to this(0. 8%), it
was a greater contribution than other "modifiable" risk factors," she said, explaining that modifiable risk factors are “ ones you can do something about, in contrast to aging.”
The team also investigated whether certain drinking patterns, beverage types and other health conditions made a difference to the impact of alcohol on brain health. They found that there was no "safe" level of drinking-meaning that consuming any amount of alcohol was worse than not drinking it. They also found no evidence that the type of drink— such as wine, spirits or beer—affected the harm done to the brain. However, certain characteristics, such as high blood pressure, obesity or binge-drinking, could put people at higher risk, researchers added.
The risks of alcohol have long been known：Previous studies have found that there's no amount of liquor, wine or beer that is safe for your overall health. Alcohol was the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 worldwide in 2016, accounting for nearly one in 10 deaths, according to a study published in The Lancet in 2018.
“It has been known for decades that heavy drinking is bad for brain health," Sadie Boniface, head of research at the UK's Institute of Alcohol Studies, said via email. "We also shouldn't forget alcohol affects all parts of the body and there are multiple health risks. ”
8. What is the function of gray matter?
A. Control the mount of alcohol
B. Process information
C. Scan the brain
D. Predict the performance on memory
9. Which is NOT true in the following statements according to the study?
A. Drinking alcohol is worse than not drinking.
B. With people getting older, brain volume reduces.
C. Alcohol was the major risk factor for disease and premature death.
D. The less people drink alcohol, the more the volume of their gray matter.
10. Which is one of the "modifiable" risk factors?
A. Smoking
B. Aging
C. Death
D. Disease
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The mount of alcohol is not related to people's health.
B. People drinking alcohol do harm to their brain health.
C. People drinking alcohol lead to dementia.
D. Theresa great deal of liquor, wine or beer that is safe for health.
D
Even plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．
Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．
12. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．
A. facing an infrared scanner
B. sprayed with pesticides
C. exposed to extreme sun rays
D. inpoor physical condition
13. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．
A draw a color1﹣coded map
B evaluate the damage to the crops
C. locate the problem area
D. measure the size of the affected area
14. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．
A. the lack of official support
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
15. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．
A. full support from agricultural experts
B. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
C. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
D. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
When people have a choice of whom to work with, likability can sometimes matter a little bit; more than ability, said Tiziana Casciaro, an associate professor at the University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management，who researches likability in the workplace.___16___ . These strategies can help：
___17___
You can induce a sense of similarity with almost anybodyby finding things you have in common. They may not be apparent right away, so be observant. Great salespeople do this all the time by studying potential customers for bits and pieces of their lives they can relate to.
Like someone and they’ll like you right back
___18___ Flattery (奉承）can convey fondness, but she doesn’t recommend using the fake kind, even though it may work. Casciaro said,uFlattery' that is completely made up is exhausting and morally blameworthy.wInstead, let a praise come from a real place.___19___For instance,“I really appreciate what you did yesterday.”
When you give people praises, it goes a very long way towards their liking you back.
Be a familiar presence
Humans like things that are familiar, so just seeing you around in person makes you more likable to others. “This concept gives a whole new meaning to the idea of face time,” Casciaro said.___20___If not, just try to talk to people as much as possible in person during work hours, she advised You want to maximize rich interactions and cut down on the drier ones, like texts and phone calls. Be sure to be seen.
A. Ask a lot of questions.
B. See the positive in a person and express it to him.
C. People like to guess what others think about them.
D. What can you do to increase your chances of being liked?
E. Find the common points that link you with another person.
F. It’s almost irresistible that we like people who seem to like us.
G. Go to after-work drinks if you have time and you would find the outing enjoyable.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项All my life, I have been overweight and never imagined I will start running. One night, surfing through Facebook, I____21____a picture of an old school friend. Obesity was no____22____to him back in the day. So imagine my____23____when I saw that he had shrunk to half the size I remembered.
I started my process of____24____myself the next day. I started____25____and began with walks, circling the shortest blocks I could find. In a while, my body burned and____26____, and nothing excited me more than the thought of quitting.____27____, I didn't give up and my walks expanded to several blocks’ worth.
On the fifth day, I thought I probably could run. Standing on the road, I____28____far down the road, about a tenth of a mile in length. “Way too far to run,” my aching body told me.____29____, another voice spoke, “I can do this.” My feet_____30_____without a second thought. Right away, familiar_____31_____pulsed through（充满）them, all the way up my legs. Soon, I was breathless, and desperate for_____32_____. I wanted to quit. “I can do this”, the_____33_____spoke again. In the end, I failed to reach my goal. Thirty feet or so_____34_____me from my goal. But when I looked back, I couldn't believe my eyes. The_____35_____seemed farther than expected._____36_____the thirty feet, I had almost achieved my desire to be better in less than a_____37_____.
The next morning, I was ready to take on the_____38_____again. While I haven't completely_____39_____thoughts of giving up, they're quieter now. Quieter than the voice that_____40_____me forward — “I can do this.”
21. A. searched B. spotted C. figured D. realized
22. A. stranger B. wonder C. need D. good
23. A. sorrow B. excitement C. surprise D. delight
24. A. believing B. denying C. comforting D. bettering
25. A. slow B. fast C. right D. normal
26. A. waked B. moved C. ached D. trembled
27. A. Gradually B. Immediately C. Fortunately D. Abruptly
28. A. measured B. sensed C. walked D. stared
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
30. A. came out B. took off C. paid off D. fell out
31. A. burning B. breaking C. emotion D. passion
32. A. help B. water C. food D. air
33. A. coach B. voice C. mind D. body
34. A. threw B. interrupted C. connected D. kept
35. A. target B. dream C. distance D. task
36. A. Ignoring B. Considering C. Achieving D. Adding
37. A. month B. day C. week D. second
38. A. game B. challenge C. adventure D. duty
39. A. formed B. escaped C. accepted D. trapped
40. A. informed B. persuaded C. forced D. encouraged
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Ecuador may have a new tourism jingle(短歌). But they don’t want anyone to____41.____(actual)sing it. Indeed, the country’s latest national park is built on the belief____42.____silence is golden. The South American country has become the first in the world____43.____(build)a “quiet park,” beside the Zabalo River.
Named as Wilderness Quiet Park, the land___44.___(own)by the Cofan people of Ecuador. But hopes are high that this unique space in a world increasingly___45.___(affect)by noise will kick-start tourism in the region— quiet tourism, that is.
These days, it’s almost impossible to escape the human noise. And it has a serious effect___46.___the health of animals, including humans.
“Science has made it clear that noise pollution is not just an___47.___(annoy), it causes health loss and dramatically impacts wildlife’s ability to survive. By____48.____(recognize) the Zabalo River as the world’s first Quiet Park, we are paving the way for many more Quiet Parks around the globe.” says Gordon Hempton, an ecologist and co-founder of Quiet Parks.
But the park not only gives nature a chance to find___49.___(it) voice. The people who own the land—the Cofán—have long counted themselves as caretakers of the rivers and rainforests in the region but their numbers_____50._____(decrease) to fewer than 2000 so far. Quiet Parks International will help the Cofan nation defend their lands and protect their culture.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（△），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Bob,
I’m delighting that you show an interest in the lecture. To help us grow up healthy, last Friday Professor Smith invited to give us a lecture. He not only offered us some advices on what we should eat, and also pointed out our eating problems.
Professor Smith’s speech has benefited from us greatly, make us realize the influence of our eating habits. As the saying goes,“we are what we eat”，so that is better for us to get into the healthy eating habit.
Now we are on a balanced diet and have meals regularly, because of what we are healthier and more energetic now.
Yours,
Li Hua 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，为了学生们的健康和安全，你校将对18周岁及以上的学生接种新冠疫苗。

请你代表学生会写一则通知，内容包括：
1.时间与地点；
2.注意事项；
3.建议接种。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：一次新冠疫苗接种活动a COVID-19 vaccination campaign;
接种疫苗get vaccinated
Notice
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
The Student Union
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. G
研究者发现：当人们选择和谁一起工作的时候，喜爱程度有时候比能力更重要一点。

21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. D
41. actually
42. that 43. to build
44. is owned
45. affected
46. on 47. annoyance
48. recognizing
49. its 50. have decreased
51.(1). delighting→delighted；(2). healthy→healthily；(3).在invited前加was；(4). advices→advice；(5).and→but；
(6).去掉from；(7).make→making；(8).that→it；(9).the→a；(10).what→which
52.略。