(完整word)深圳牛津版七年级下册知识点总结,推荐文档

深圳牛津版七年级下册课文知识点复习总结
Unit1~8期末总复习
Unit1 People around us
Key phrases
1. hard-working adj. “勤勉的，努力工作的”作定语
work hard 动副结构短语
2. be patient with sb. “对某人有耐心“
3. take (one’s) time to do sth. “花费时间做某事”
It takes sb. some time to do sth. =sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.
“做某事需花费……时间”
4. like doing sth. “喜欢做某事”（表喜欢、爱好某种经常的或习惯性的活动） like to do sth. “喜欢去做”（表喜欢、爱好某种特定的或具体的活动）
Eg. I like visiting friends on Sundays and I like to visit Tom this Sunday. like sb. to do sth.“喜欢某人做某事” Eg. We all like him to play the guitar like 介词 Eg. She looks like her father.
5. with
同，与，和talk with a friend
用（工具、手段）cut meat with a knife
在……身边（随身携带）Do you have any money with you?
Take an umbrella with you?
以……，带着……She often talks with smile.
6. always 频率副词“总是” be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前
Eg. Our teacher is always kind to us.
“一直；（将）永远；老是（用于进行时）”
Eg. I will always remember your words.
She is always moving things around.
He has always been the tutor.
always>usually>often
7. probably adv. “大概；很可能”
adj. “可能的，大概”
Eg.I’ll probably be a doctor in the future.
It is probable to finish the job before dark.
8. in the world 世界上
all over the world = throughout the world 全世界
9. never adv.是ever 的否定形式，用于加强否定语气。

位于be动词或助动词后，行为动词前；语气比not强。

反义词always
not adv. “没有，不”——表示否定，用在助动词或情态动词后
no adv. adj. “没有的；不许的；一点也没有；不”——用于否定回答
nothing 不定代词“没有动词；没有事情”
Eg.We never use it.
I don’t know.
It’s no use doing it.
I have nothing for you.
10. as well 副词短语，位于句尾，有时与连词and或but搭配使用。

“也，又，还有，同样的”同义词：also, too
Eg. He speaks English and Spanish as well
= He speaks English and he speaks Spanish, too.
= He speaks English and he also speaks Spanish.
He is a worker and a poet as well.
too adv. ——一般位于句尾或插入语放在句中，只用于肯定句，口语中与also通用
also adv. ——用在句中，一般放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前 as well as 用作介词“还有，不但……而且……”
在A as well as B 的结构中，语意重点在A,不在B。

Eg. He thinks the other way is better. I do, too.
He also likes English. = He likes English, too.
He can speak Spanish as well as English.
11. take care of = look after 照顾，照看
12. miss sb. very much 非常想念某人
miss 用作动词时，还有“漏掉，错过（机会）；丢掉”
13. to make me laugh
make fun of = laugh at 取笑……，嘲弄……
14. make a study of = study
make sb./sth. +形容词（作宾补），“使……怎么样”
Eg.It made me happy.
We are doing our best to make our country more beautiful.
make sb. Do sth. 使某人做某事
Eg. His jokes made us all laugh.
15. be good at 擅长……= do well in 在某方面做的好反义表达：be poor at
Eg. He is good at Japanese. = He does well in Japanese.
They are very good at playing football. = They do very well in playing football.
16. remain 作系动词后接名词或形容词“一直保持，仍然（处于某种状态）”
17. be full of 充满……与be filled with
adj. V.
The basket is filled with apples.= The basket is full of apples.
18. be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be strict in sth./doing sth. 在（做）某事上要求严格
Eg. Our teacher is always strict with us.
We must be strict about this problem.
Our teacher is very strict in her work
19. support 不可数名词“支持”
Eg. Please give me some support.
I want to get some support from my friends.
20. give up 动副短语“放弃”不可带宾语可跟名词或动名词作宾语
Eg.the problem is too difficult. I shall give it up.l
He has given up smoking. = He has stopped smoking.
21. successful adj. “成功的” success —n. Succeed —v. Eg. His operation is very successful.
He is a successful businessman.
Nothing succeeds like success. 一事成功，事事顺利。

22. phone sb. = call sb. “打电话”
23. ask about sth.(sb.) “询问有关某事（或某人）的情况”
ask after sb. “问候某人（的健康）”
ask for sth. “要求得到某物或要求与某人见面”
ask to do sth. “要求或请求做某事”
ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”
Eg. They all ask after you.
He asked for some water.
A Mr Smith is asking for you.
They asked me for help.
He asked her for her address.
He asked to go with us.
He asked us to wait for him at the gate.
24. take notes = make notes“做笔记，做记录”
note与take 构成固定搭配必须用复数形式
Key grammar
冠词
冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法：
II. 定冠词的用法：
III. 零冠词的用法：
Practice
（）1.——What does Mr Black do?
——He is ______English teacher.
A /
B the
C an
D a
( ) 2. ____ train goes faster than _____bus.
A.A; a
B. A; the
C.The;the D The;a
( ) 3.It’s early. We have half _____ hour to go.
A an
B a
C the D/
( ) 4.Evening came, we could see ____ old man sitting under ____ tall tree.
A an; /
B the;/
C a; the
D a; the
( ) 5. We have ______ lunch in _____ middle of ____ day.
A /;a;/
B the;/;an
C a;the;/
D /;the;the
( ) 6.——Which one do you want?
——______ blue one,I think.
A.The
B. A
C. An
D.不填
( ) 7.—Does Jim have _______ ruler？
—Yes，he has _______ ．
A．an；some B．a；one C．a；／ D．any；one
( ) 8.There is _______ old bike．_______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．
A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The
( ) 9. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay．
A．The B．A C．An D．Two
( ) 10.—How many books do you have？
—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．
A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one
( ) 11.At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
( ) 12. _______ tiger is _______ China．
A．The；a B．A；the C．The；from D．The；the
( )13.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night．
A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／
( )14. _______ useful book it is！
A．What an B．How a C．What a D．What
( )15.One afternoon he found _______ handbag．There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag．
A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a
( ) 16. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting．
A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the ( ) 17. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world．
A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a
( ) 18. _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River．
A．The；a B．A；／ C．A；the D．An；the
( ) 19. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school． A．A；an B．The；a C．The；the D．A；the
( ) 20.He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer．
A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／
Unit 2 Travelling around the world
Key phrases
1.around prep. “围绕；在……周围” Eg.The earth goes around the sun. adv.“大约；到处” Eg.The bag is around three kilos. I found nobody around.
2.be silly to do sth. = It’s silly of sb. to do sth.
Eg. You are silly to spend so much money on clothes.
= It’s silly of you to spend so much money on clothes.
3.French adj. 法国的，法国人的；法语的
The French (=French people) like delicious food.
4.famous 比well-known 知名度更高
Eg.This book is not only well-known, but also famous.
众所周知的著名的
5.west n. “西，西方，西部” Western adj. “西面的；西部的”
6.places of interest 名胜古迹
7.such as 列举整体之中的部分同类事物；插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间；后面不可有逗号；后接名词或名词词组，可与and son on连用
for example 用来举例说明；在句中作插入语，置于句首、句中、句末；后面需有逗号
Eg.I visited some cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Dalian.
I’d like to keep a pet, for example, a dog.
8.be famous for 因……而闻名
be famous as 以……（身份）而出名
Eg.China is famous for the Great Wall.
Mark Twin was famous as a story writer.
主语
是人 be famous for 因作品或特征而出名 be famous as 作为某种身份而出名
主语是地点 be famous for 因某种特点（产品、建筑、名胜）而出名
be famous as
以什么产地/地方而出名 Eg.He is famous for his great inventions.
He is famous as a great inventor.
France is famous for its fine food and wine.
The town is famous as a wine-producing place.
9.excellent adj. = very good , wonderful
be excellent at/in sth. 在某方面优秀
10.make wine 酿造葡萄酒
be made by sb. 由某人制成 Eg.This coat was made by my mother.
be made of sth. 由……制成（能看出原材料）Eg.Our desks are made of wood.
be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）Eg.This kind of paper is made from grass.
be made into 被制成…… Eg.Wood can be made into many kinds of furniture.
be made in 在……地方制作或生产Eg.This kind of car is made in Shenzhen.
11.on the coast 在海岸线上，在海岸 along the coast 沿海岸线
on the beach 在海滩上 along the beach 沿海滩
by the sea 在海边，靠海 by sea 经海陆，乘船
12.by 就在身边，比near距离更近一些 Eg.we spend the holiday by the sea. 看得见海
near不明确的附近、不远处 Eg.We spend the holiday near the sea.
13.prefer to do sth. = like to do sth. better 更喜欢做某事
prefer +名词/动名词
prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B
prefer to do sth. rather than (to) do sth. 更愿意……，不愿……
Eg. He prefers to walk in the rain.
I prefer to spend the weekend at home.
Do you prefer meat or fish?
I prefer dogs to cats.
I prefer to go shopping rather than stay at home.
=I prefer going shopping to staying at home.
14.try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事；经常表示建议做某事
try to do 努力设法去做某事，试图、尽力做某事
Eg.He tried to climb the tree, but he could not.
Why don’t you try listening to some light music.
15.Why not ask for your teacher’s help?= Why don’t you ask for your teacher’s help.
16.in fact 事实上，实际上作状语，强调或订正前句
17.metres+tall 人物 metres+high 建筑物
18.almost = nearly
19.go to +地点名词到达某处同义表达：arrive at/in; reach
Eg. He gets to school at 7:00 every day.
= He arrives at school at 7:00 every day.
= He reaches school at 7:00 every day.
20.take a lift = go by lift
Key grammar
专有名词（proper noun）
(1) 专有名词可表示的名称：
人名如：Jenny
地名如：China
节日名称如：the Spring festival
星期名称如：Sunday
月份名称如：May
组织机构名称如：the Red Cross
书籍报刊名称如：China Daily
(2) 注意事项：
①一般情况，专有名词的第一个字母大写，前面不能用不定冠词“a”或“an”，通常没复数形式。

Eg：Beijing is the capital of China.
②有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词，转化后它具有普通名词的特性，可以在其面前加不定冠词“a”，也可以在其词尾加表示复数形式的“s”。

Eg：A Mr Green called just now.
③姓氏是专有名词，一般情况下，没复数形式，前面也不能加定冠词“the”。

但如果姓氏前面加定冠词“the”，并后面加上“s”时。

则表示“一家人”（其谓语用复数）。

Eg: The Blacks are having dinner.
④有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但实际使用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。

Eg: The United States is in America.
并列连词：and，but，so
Practice
Ⅰ用连词and，but，和so填空。

My brother is ill, ______ I have to stay at home.
He has a lot of money, ________ he spends little.
Take some medicine, _________ you will feel better.
I came to see him, __________ he wasn’t at home.
Work hard, _________ you will pass the English exam.
Ⅱ单项填空
1. They are good at swimming, _______ I am not.
A. and
B. but
C. so
D. or
2. The old woman can’t read ________ write.
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. and can
3. _________ John felt tired, ________ he still went on working.
A. Because; so
B. Although; but
C. /; so
D. /; but
4. He is rich, ________ he isn’t happy.
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. so
5. Lucy has seen the film, ________ Lily hasn’t.
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
6. –Would you like to go to the cinema with me?
-- I‘d like to, _____ I ‘m afraid I have no time.
A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but
7. Jenny, put on your coat _________ you will catch a cold.
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. so
8. Last night I went to bed late, ________ I am really tired now.
A. so
B. or
C. but
D. because
Unit3 Our animal friends
Key phrases
1.blind adj. 失明的作定语或表语前加定冠词the表示一类人Eg. He is blind.
He was a teacher of the blind.
【固定搭配】(as) blind as a bat 视力极差的，几乎看不见的
be blind to ... 对……视而不见
turn a blind eye to... 对……熟视无睹
Eg. He is blind to his own faults.
2.Television programme
3.helpful adj. 有帮助的，有益的近义词：useful 反义词:helpless（无助的）
Eg. Our teachers are kind and helpful.
4.mean vt. 过去式：meant “表示……的意思”名词：meaning(意思；意义)
Eg. What do you mean by saying that?
What does this word mean? = What’s the meaning of this word?
5.welcome adj. “受欢迎的”
【拓展】感叹词“欢迎” Eg. Welcome to China!
Vt. “欢迎（人），欣然接受（意见）”
Eg. All the students and teachers welcome Doctor Brown.
交际用语“不用谢，不客气”
Eg. --Thank you for your help. --You’re welcome.
6.sorry adj. “对不起”用于对别人有伤害或做错事时。

be sorry+句子“对……抱歉”
【拓展】be sorry to do sth. 抱歉做某事 Eg. I’m sorry to trouble you. be sorry about sth. 为某事感到遗憾
be sorry for sb. 为某人感到难过、同情
Eg. I’m sorry about what’s happened. 感到遗憾
I am very sorry for the family. 十分同情
交际口语听到伤心或不愉快的消息时的回答
Eg.--I’m afraid he’s ill. --I’m sorry to hear that.
Excuse me 通常用在打扰别人或吸引别人注意时，在说或做某事之前使用Sorry 在说活做这件事之后使用，表示歉意
Eg. Excuse me, where is the bank?
Sorry, I can’t remember your name.
7. anywhere adv. “任何地方；无论何处”（用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句）
Eg. I haven’t got anywhere to live. 没找到住的地方。

Did you try to get help from anywhere.
If you go anywhere, take me with you.
【拓展】somewhere “在某处”用于肯定句中
nowhere “无处，任何地方都不（表示否定意义，等于not...anywhere）”
8.by oneself 独自在句中用作状语 Eg. I can do it by myself.
9.apologize vi “道歉，认错”= say sorry
【短语】apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉
apologize for sth. / doing sth. 为（做）某事道歉用
Eg. You must apologize to her for having kept her waiting.
10.lead vt&vi (过去式led) “引导；领导” lead sb. to ... 引领某人去某处
Eg. The boy led the blind man to the other side of the road.
11.fall asleep “入睡”同义：go to sleep
sleep为adj. n.--sleep
Eg. I fell asleep soon after I went to bed last night. 不久就睡觉了
12.start to do sth. = begin to do sth. 还可用start doing sth.
Eg.It started raining[to rain]. 开始下雨了。

13.wake vi&vt. 醒；唤醒。

wake up 醒来；
wake up sb.(wake sb. up) 唤醒某人。

Eg. His mother wakes him up every morning, for he can’t wake up himself.
I’ll wake him up right now.
14.with one’s help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
Eg. I worked out the problem with Mary’s help. 在Mary的帮助下15.get down 蹲下；趴下；下车
Eg. She got down on the floor.
We get down at the next station. 下车
16.next to prep. 紧邻；在……近旁 Eg. Come and sit next to me.
17.get ... out of... 使……从……出去
get out of... 从……出去，离开
Eg. The police got the boy out of the house on fire.
He got out of the car at the school gate.
18.at the airport 在机场
19.dangerous things “有害物品，危险物品”
dangerous adj. 危险的比较级:more dangerous 最高级：most dangerous
danger n. in danger “处于危险中”
Eg.This kind of animal is dangerous. 动物是危险的
This kind of animals is in danger. 面临危险
20.appear vi 出现，显现反义词：disappear n.appearance 外貌、外观
Eg. A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 出现一道彩虹
21.push... away from... 把……从……推开
too far away 离得太远
Key grammar
Reflexive pronouns反身代词
1. 反身代词的基本用法是在句子中作宾语或表语。

（反身代词反指句子的主语，表示“本人”或“亲自”）
Did you enjoy yourself last night?
We should not think only of ourselves.
He did the homework himself.
2. by oneself 形式，其含义为alone（单独地，独自地）
I went on holiday by himself. (= I went on holiday alone.)
She learnt English by herself.(= )
3. 反身代词常用于某些固定搭配中。

all by oneself learn by oneself think to oneself
say to oneself teach oneself leave one by oneself make oneself at home
练习用适当的反身代词完成句子。

1. I’m not angry with you. I’m angry with .
2. Margraret had a nice time in London. She enjoyed so much.
3. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyed very much.
4. He never thinks about other people. He only thinks about .
5.I want to know more about you. Tell me about .(one person)
6. Goodbye! Have a nice holiday and look after .(two people)
7. I cooked a meal and then I watched television.
8. She put the plates on the table and told them to help to the food.
9. Tom hurt when he was playing football.
10. We painted the whole house .
其他
1. Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough to think for .
A. himself
B. herself
C. yourself
D. myself
2. Mr. Mre has more money than Mr. Little. But he doesn’t enjoy .
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
3. 翻译:帮助别人就是帮助自己。

Helping others is helping
Prepositions of position方位介词
1. in 的用法
1）in 可以用来表示“在一个被包围的空间中”。

in a room/a shop/ a car/the water…
2)in用来表示“在一大片平面的地域内”
in a garden/a town/ the city centre/France
3)in常见短语
in bed in hospital/in prison in the sky in the middle in the world in
a photograph/in a picture
4)in a newspaper 和on a newspaper的区别
2. at的用法
1）at可以用来表示“十分靠近”,“在…旁边”
at the desk at the door at the traffic lights
2) 在面积较小的地方前面加at
at home at the bus stop at the station at the airport at the doctor’s at the hotel
3. on的用法：1)on 意为“在…上面”。

常指一个物体的垂直上方，并接触。

on the shelf on a plate on a balcony on the floor on a wall
2)常用短语
On a bus/on a train/on a plane/on a ship
On the ground floor/on the first floor
On the way home
4. to的用法：1）用来表示“到…;往…” go/come/return/walk to…
翻译：简下个星期去法国。

2）在here、there、home前省略介词to
翻译：我要回家了。

3）from…to…
We walked from the hotel to the station.
5. by的用法：用于表述地点或位置时，是next to 或beside的意思，意为“靠近；紧靠”
Our house is by the sea.
6. under的用法：指不与表面接触且垂直的正下方。

The cat is under the table.
The man is standing under a tree.
7. below和above的用法
above一般指不与表面接触且不一定垂直的上方；below一般表示不与表面接触且不一定垂直的下方。

Unit4 Save the trees
Key phrases
1.save vt. 拯救；解救
Eg. Let’s do something to save the animals in danger.
The police saved the child from the fire.
【拓展】save “节省、储蓄” Eg. save money save time
【变形】safe adj. safety n.
2.discuss vt “讨论”后接名词（短语）或wh-从句及wh-短语
discussion n.
Eg. We discussed the problem.
We will discuss who should do it.
We will discuss what to teach next term.
3.leaf n. “树叶”复数：leaves
Eg. The fall of one leaf is enough to tell the coming of autumn. 一叶知秋。

The leaves turn green in spring. 变绿
4.help+do = help + to do “帮忙做……”
help+名词+（to）do “帮（某人）做……”
Eg. I helped (to) wash the car.
I helped him (to) look for his key.
【拓展】help+with...或help+名词+with... “在某方面帮忙”
Eg.Can I help you with your work?
Can you help me with my homework, Mary?
5.fight for... “为……而战” fight过去式：fought
fight against “与……作斗争”
Eg. He is fighting against his sickness.
They fight for freedom.
6.provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人……，为某人提供……
Eg. Sheep provide us with wool. = Sheep provide wool for us.
7.in many ways “在许多方面”
【短语】by the way 顺便说一下 in a way 在某种程度上
in the way of sb. 妨碍某人 on the way to...在去……的途中
in this way 用这种方法
8.keep “使维持（某种状态）”
keep+名词+形容词 Eg. The noise kept him awake.
keep+名词+副词/介词短语 Eg. Don’t keep the boy outside/ in the room.
keep +名词+doing Eg. She kept me waiting for half an hour. 9.take in... “接受……，吸收……”
Eg. The kind man would like to take in the poor boy.
Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼用腮吸氧气
10.breathe[i:] v. breath[e] n.
11.make 普通用词，指任何东西的制造或制造过程 Eg.He made the desk himself.
produce 正式用词，除表示大量生产制造外，还表示创造
Eg. The tree will produce some blossom next year.
12.in fact 实际上，事实上。

用作状语，用于强调或订正前句。

Eg. He doesn’t mind. In fact he is pleased.
13.look around = look round “四下环顾” vt./vi.
Eg. Look around you before crossing the streets. 朝各方向看看
Don’t look around when you study. 学习时，别东张西望14.furniture 不可数名词（集合用法）表示件数时用piece
Eg. We don’t have much furniture. 有多少家具
They bought a few pieces of furniture yesterday. 买了几件家具15.be made of “由……制成”制成品能看出原材料
be made from 制成品看不出原材料
Eg. The shirt is made of silk.
Paper is made from wood.
16.imagine vt. “设想；想象”不可用于进行时；不可跟动词不定式 imagine +名词/动名词/宾语从句
Eg. Can you imagine the life without electricity?
I can’t imagine what he looks like.
17.cut down “把……砍到” Eg. It is not right to cut down the trees.
lions of “无数的，成千上万的”
19.stop sth./doing 停止某事/做某事(停止做正在做的事情)
Eg.Did he stop work/working late last night?
He can’t stop thinking about it.
stop to do 表示中断现在的行动或活动去做另一件事。

不定式to do表示目的
Eg. She stopped reading and closed the book.
I stopped to read the newspaper.
20.pay attention to 注意……
Eg. You must pay attention to this problem.
She asked the boy to pay attention to his spelling.
e...to make = use...for making
Eg. We use wood to make a table.=We use wood for making a table.用木材制作桌子
22.be good for “对……有好处，对……有益处”
Eg. Sports will be good for her health.
23.【短语】as a result 结果，因此 according to 根据
the habit of drinking tea 喝茶的习惯 the Tang Dynasty唐朝
Key grammar
现在进行时态
一、现在进行时的用法
1、表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。

如：
I’m babysitting my younger brother. 我在照看我弟弟。

It’s raining outside. 外面正在下雨。

2、表示现阶段一直在进行或不断重复的动作，但说话时该动作并不一定在进行。

如：
He’s watching an interesting TV play these days.
近来，他在看一部很有趣的电视剧。

Are you teaching English in a school? 你在学校教英语吗？
3、表示最近的确定安排，即根据计划或安排在近期内将要发生的动作。

这是表示眼前打算最普通的说法，但一般要与表示将来的时间连用，以避免现在进行时和一般将来时的含义上的混淆。

例如：
I’m meeting you at the airport this evening. 今晚，我会到机场接你。

What are you having for dinner? 晚饭吃什么？
4、表示从一个地方到另一个地方位置移动的动词（如go, come, drive, fly, travel, arrive, leave, start, visit，run，return等），以及动词do等的现在进行时形式，可以用来表示没有确定安排的决定或计划。

He’s leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 他明天动身去北京。

What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你要干什么？
5、现在进行时和always，usually，all the time等连用时，表示一种经常、反复的动作，且说话人往往带有某种感情色彩（如赞扬、欣赏、厌烦、批评、惊讶、不理解等）。

例如：
She’s always helping others. 她总是乐于助人。

（表示赞赏）
You are always talking in class. 你上课老是说话。

（表示批评）
二、现在进行时的谓语部分构成
现在进行时在句式的变化上，都应在助动词be上做文章。

1、肯定式：be（am, is, are）+ Ving(现在分词) 如：
They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。

2、否定式：be(am, is, are) + not + Ving(现在分词) 如：
They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。

3、疑问式：将be的具体形式（即am, is或are）提前到句首。

如：
Are they having an English class？他们在上英语课吗？
助动词变化口诀：变疑问，往前提，句后问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not 莫忘记。

三、现在分词的变化规则
1、一般在词尾加-ing（一般-ing）。

例如：going，playing，knowing
2、以不发音的字母e结尾，先去e再加-ing（去哑e）。

例如：making，arriving，coming
3、以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing（重闭单辅先双写）。

例如：running，stopping，preferring
4、以-ie结尾，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing。

例如：tying，dying, lying
口诀：现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e，除去几个特殊词，系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying，直接ie变成y。

四、现在进行时态的常见提示语
1、在汉语中，通常有“在，正在”等提示词。

如：
我在做作业。

I am doing my homework.
2、在英语中，最常见的提示词有now，look，listen以及at the moment（此时此刻）等。

如：
Look，they are playing football. 瞧！他们在踢足球。

五、运用现在进行时常见的几个错误
1、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错。

例：
（1）误：They are swiming (swim) .
正：They are swimming (swim).
（2）误：Jenny is plaiing (play) football.
正：Jenny is playing (play) football.
解析：A、动词变现在分词可有如下口诀:一般-ing；哑e先去e；重闭单辅先双写；-ie结尾y来替。

B、动词现在分词的变化规则要与名词变复数、动词变现单三等规则区分开来。

2、谓语部分的构成不完整：丢掉be动词，或忘记把动词变成现在分词。

例：（1）误：Look! Two children flying (fly) a kite in the park.
正：Look！Two children are flying (fly) a kite in the park.
（2）误：Li Ming isn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.
正：Li Ming isn’t reading ( not read) a book in bed now.
解析：现在进行时的谓语部分的构成是“be+现在分词”，二者缺一不可，这一点必须要牢记。

3、对动词或动词词组提问时，丢掉代动词doing。

例：
The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)
→误：What are the students in the room?
→正：What are the students doing in the room?
解析：现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+
其它?”或简写为“What......doing......? ”句式。

4、现在进行时态的谓语部分是并列结构时，容易忽视第二个以及第二个以后的动词用现在分词形式。

例：
孩子们在跑还是在跳？
误：Are the children running or jump?
正：Are the children running or jumping?
解析: or连接的是两个并列成分，动词形式须一致。

Practice
（一）单项选择填空：
1、Look! He _____their mother do the housework.
A. is helping
B. are help
C. is help
D. is helpping
2 、_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.
A. Who
B. How
C. What
D. Where
3、Don’t talk here. My mother _____ .
A. is sleeping
B. are sleeping
C. sleeping
D. sleep
4、Danny ______. Don’t call him.
A. is writeing
B. is writing
C. writing
D. writes
5、---- When_____ he_____back?
----Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does, come
B. are coming
C. is come
D. is coming
（二）用括号中动词的适当形式填空
1、It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____ (lie) in bed.
2、What____he _____(mend)?
3、We _____(play) games now.
4、What ____you____ (do) these days?
5、____he ___ (clean) the classroom?
6、Who____ (sing) in the next room?
7 、The girl____ (like) wearing a sweater. Look! She ____ (wear) a red sweater today.
存在，所有，感官，认识，情感：（状态）
存在：keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of （由……组成）, contain
所有：have ,belong to（属于）, possess, own , hold
知觉：sound(听起来)，hear , look /seem /appear (看起来)，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）,feel (摸起来) ，see ,
认识：understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think
情感：like, love, hate , prefer,
Unit5 Water
Key words
1. drop
2. journey
3. quantity
4. experiment
5. fresh
6. salt
7. voice
8. reservoir
9. add 10.chemical 11. through 12.valuable 13.bit 14.bank 15.change 16. return
17. vapour 18. form 19. stir 20. continue 21.crystal
Key phrases
1.turn off 关掉 turn on 打开
2. a bit 一点
3. pocket money 零花钱
4. be made up of 有某物组成
几分之几
quarter 1/4 half 1/2
two thirds 2/3 three fifths 3/5
先分子，再分母，
分子用基数，分母用序数，
当分子为大于1的整数时，分母要变复数。

把A加入B
add A to/into B
e.g They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.
Mr. Li added some salt into the soup.
李先生向水中加了一些化学物质。

through across over辨析
through 穿越某一空间
e.g He went through the corridor.
across 穿过某一平面
e.g He walked across the street.
over 越过某一障碍物
e.g He ran over the buses, and went into Bainaohui.
使某物变……
make sth. + adj. (clean / dry)
e.g People will make me clean again.
Mr. Li made the security guard very angry.
使某物保持某种状态
leave sth. adj.
e.g. I left the tap on in the bathroom.
Please leave the door open.
Mr. Li left his computer on for the whole night. interesting / interested
v+ing 令人xx的（东西）
v+ed xx的（人）
e.g. The film is very interesting. Mr. Li is very interested. 拓展：对某物感兴趣的
be interested in sth.
e.g. Mr. Li is very interested in films.
Key sentences
1. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 某人该做某事了
It’s high time for sb. to do sth.
e.g Then it was time for people to clean me.
2. remember not to do sth. 记住不要做某事
remember to do sth. 记得做某事
e.g Remember not to late again for class.
Remember to post a letter for me.
3. How much …is there…? 还有多少….（不可数）？
How many …. are there…? 还有多少….（可数）？
Key grammar
用little / few, a little / a few, many / much等谈论数量
little系列：little / a little用于不可数名词前
few系列：few / a few 用于可数名词前
e.g.
There is a little water in the bottle.
There are a few bottles in the box.
带a系列：a little / a few 意为“一些“，虽然不多但仍然有一些
不带a系列：little, few意为“几乎没有”，表示否定，
There are few people in the room.
There is little water left in the bottle.
quite a few 意为“很多”
Mr. Li has quite a few Kingston flash drives.
many, much 不解释，再次提醒many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词
Practice
一单项选择
1. Will you go for a walk after _________ dinner ?
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. /
2. —Carl, why not go and help your sister water the flowers there ?
—Why ________ ? I’m busy myself. Jack is lying on the grass doing something.
a. me
b. I
c. him
d. he
3. My cousin is always busy with his work, He has ________ time to read n ewspaper .
a. little
b. few
c. a little
d. a few
4. There is ________ sugar in my coffee. It’s too sweet .
a. too much
b. too many
c. too few
d. too little
5. Alice looked ______the room, but saw no one .
a. around
b. for
c. at
d. up
6. Ben:What did Peter drop _________ the river ? Alice:Maybe a stone.
a. in
b. into
c. on
d. onto
7. It’s time ________ all of us to get ready for the quiz.
a. to
b. of
c. for
d. at
8. There ___________ twenty attendants at the contest tomorrow .
a. are
b. have
c. will have
d. will be
9. We should __________ the used water clean before it goes back into th
e sea .
a. keep
b. make
c. become
d. turn
10. After I had a bath in the bathroom this morning, I _______ the tap on, This makes the bathroom full of water.
a. left
b. forgot
c. turned
d. switched
11. We all should remember ________ water.
a. to waste
b. wasting
c. not wasting
d. not to waste
12. If you _____ some salt to a glass of water, it _______and become part of the water.
a. add...... Disappear
b. add......will disappear
c. will ad
d.......disappea r d. will add....... Will disappear
13. When I was in Italy last year, I ________ a lot of famous cities .
a. visit
b. visited
c. visits
d. am visiting
14. A reservoir is ______________ .
a. a place where people make clean water
b. a place where people keep river water to be used later
c. a place where people produce tap water for family use
d. a place where people make water dirty
15. ___________ is called the “Floating City” in the world .
a. New York
b. Paris
c. Kun Ming
d. Venice
二用所给单词的适当形式填空
1 Can these children look after ___________ when their parents are not at home. ( them )
2 Water is a ___________ resource, so we cannot waste it. ( value )
3 Trees can produce a ______________ to make their leaves taste nasty wh en insects want to eat them. ( chemistry )
4 We should never _____________ water because it is not easy for it to co me to our flats. ( pollution )
5 About 3％ of the water on Earth is without ____________( salty )
三Few, a few, little, a little专项练习
( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _________ young people know it.
a. few
b. little
c. a few
d. a little
( ) 2 . There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take _________ if you want to.
a. few
b. a few
c. a little
d. little
( ) 3. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us ___________ time to go to Pudong International Airport.
a. a few
b. fewer
c. a little
d. less
( ) 4.In order to keep healthy, you should eat _______ fast food, _______ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise
a. fewer/ fewer
b. less/ more
c. fewer/ more
d. less/ less
( ) 5.Can we do our work better with _________ money and ______ people?
a. less/ few
b. less/ fewer
c. little/ less
d. few/ less。