2019-2020学年华南师范大学中山附属中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案

2019-2020学年华南师范大学中山附属中学高三英语下学期期中考试
试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is
going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color1 or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: ly not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the
world.”
4. Whatdoes the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.
B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective.
D. They're strict.
5. What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
6. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C.Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike
B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence
D. Genius and Luck
C
One day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”
I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（同情）
The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting
them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.
“It’s your tum,” he said.
After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.
Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.
8. When he first met the author, David .
A. felt a little excited
B. looked a little nervous
C. walked energetically
D. showed up with his teacher
9. David enjoyed being with the author because he .
A. wanted to ask the author for advice
B. liked the children’s drawings in the office
C. beat the author many times in the chess game
D. needed to share sorrow with the author
10. What can be inferred about David?
A. He liked biking before he lost his family.
B. He recovered after months of treatment.
C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.
D. He got friends in school before he met the author.
11. What made David change?
A. The author’s silent communication with him.
B. His teacher’s help.
C. The author’s friendship.
D. His exchange of letters with the author.
D
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
12. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
13. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
15. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems.____16____Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isn’t strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year.____17____Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns — new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire.
___18___In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training.
Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success — education — isn’t paying off as much as in the past.____19____They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to
supermarket clerks. A March report form the UK’s Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 35% in 2011 form less than 27% a decade earlier.____20____Typical is Cairo’s Ahmed Said. He graduated from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory（义务的）year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice,” he says, “and this is the job that I got.”
A. Young graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced workers.
B. More and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their skill level.
C. They started applying for any positions they could find in other countries.
D. In some parts of the world, such jobs are all that is available to college graduates.
E. Yet youth unemployment also has common roots throughout the world.
F. Those young workers who do find employment are often trapped in awful contracts.
G. In much of Western Europe overemphasized labor protection makes it more difficult for youths to land good jobs.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项It impressed me a lot. I never thought that little help would___21___out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done. He was tired, and___22___to climb further. With a broad___23___, he asked if I could help him with some money. He was paralyzed in both legs and was___24___funds for some operation. He said that if operated successfully, he could___25___training guaranteeing him a job. I was full of___26___and even asked him to show his legs. I gave him the___27___money. After a few days, he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for accommodation. This time I was more or less___28___he is not cheating me. I gave him some and said this is all I had.
A year went by and I had moved to a(n)___29___place. One fine day I got a call from an unknown number. The caller called out his name but I didn’t___30___him. Then he said he is the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago.
I asked him how he is doing. He said, “ What, sir? Do you recognize me not by my name but by my___31___state? ”
Then he went on saying, “With your kind help I am now able to___32___on my legs without support. I was operated___33___. I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable___34___.”
I don’t___35___remember if I gave him my phone number.___36___, what he said next was touching. He said he wanted to return my money so that I didn’t feel cheated and continued to help people___37___in the future. I don’t know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were___38___down my face. That day I promised him I will continue to help people as i see a(n)___39___—small or big.___40___that changed my life.
21. A. send B. bring C. turn D. break
22. A. playing B. substituting C. struggling D. walking
23. A. look B. whisper C. view D. smile
24. A. raising B. finding C. seeking D. earning
25. A. pretend B. attend C. intend D. tend
26. A. doubts B. minds C. worries D. depression
27. A. remaining B. left C. hiding D. forgotten
28. A. informed B. outspoken C. convinced D. prepared
29. A. bad B. old C. systematic D. new
30. A. remind B. recognize C. replace D. repeat
31. A. disabled B. messed C. excited D. stressed
32. A. live B. stand C. focus D. base
33. A. surprisingly B. successfully C. hopefully D. naturally
34. A. reason B. promise C. character D. job
35. A. also B. even C. already D. only
36. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Meanwhile
37. A. in favor B. in place C. in advance D. in need
38. A. running B. putting C. bringing D. pulling
39. A. behavior B. case C. accident D. opportunity
40. A. Strangely B. Truly C. Generally D. Originally
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research.
A mother,____41.____has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only____42.____(drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely____43.____(have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)____44.____nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears____45.____(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity____46.____(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine____47.____fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in theUS. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child____48.____(be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical____49.____(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having_____50._____obese child.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.单句改错：
In my astonishment, he still remembered my birthday after we separated for so many years.
She resembles like her mother in character but not in appearance.
After getting many bad review, the play quickly died the death.
He purposely ignored her call because he just didn’t feel like disturbed.
She would rather walk there than took a bus.
It was his strong sense of responsibility what impressed us.
We’ve never imagined a man like him perform the experiment by himself.
I have lent him ten magazines, most of who are more wonderful than you can imagine.
The dictionary is very worth buying.
The girl as well as her parents go to the beach every summer.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是星光中学的学生李津，将参加主题为“My Chinese Dream”的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1.你梦想成为一名山村教师，帮助山村的孩子；
2.山区偏僻，教育落后；
3.父母和朋友都反对；
4.你会……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Good morning, everyone!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. B
8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. D
21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32.
B 33. B 34. D 35. B 36.
C 37.
D 38. A 39. D 40. B
41. who
42. drinks 43. to have
39 than 44. directly
45. is reduced
46. to 47. being
48. activity
49. an
51.(1). In→To
(2). 删除like (3). review→reviews
(4). 在disturbed前加being
(5). took→take
(6). what→that
(7). perform→performing
(8). who→which
(9). very→well
(10). go→goes
【61题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：令我吃惊的是，我们分开这么多年后，他还记得我的生日。

“to + one’s +情感名词”，“令某人……”，固定搭配。

故将In改为To。

【62题详解】
考查及物动词。

句意：她性格像她母亲，但外表不像。

resemble看起来像，及物动词，其后直接加宾语，无需用介词like。

故删除like。

【63题详解】
考查可数名词的数。

句意：这出戏得到许多差评后，很快就彻底失败了。

many后需接可数名词复数。

故将review改为reviews。

【64题详解】
考查动名词的被动语态。

句意：他故意不理睬她的电话，因为他不想被打扰。

feel like doing sth.想要做某事，固定搭配，此处表示被打扰，所以like后需用being done。

故在disturbed前加being。

【65题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：她宁愿步行去那里也不愿坐公共汽车。

would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事，固定搭配。

故将took改为take。

【66题详解】
考查强调句型。

句意：给我们留下深刻印象的是他强烈的责任感。

分析句子结构可知，此处应该是强调句型：It was+被强调部分+that（强调人时可用who）…”，此处强调的是主语his strong sense of responsibility，应用that。

故将what改为that。

【67题详解】
考查动名词。

句意：我们从来没有想到像他这样的人会自己做这个实验。

imagine sb. doing sth.想象某人做某事，固定搭配。

故将perform改为performing。

【68题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：我借给他十本杂志，大多数比你想象的还要精彩。

分析句子结构可知，本句先行词是ten magazines，指物，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，且位于介词of之后，需用which引导非限制性定语从句。

故将who改为which。

【69题详解】
考查副词。

句意：这本字典很值得买。

worth值得的，表示程度时，其前需用副词well，不用very。

故将very 改为well。

【70题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。

句意：这个女孩和她的父母每年夏天都去海滩。

由时间状语every summer可知，本句谓语动词需用一般现在时态，as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词需用“就远原则”，所以此处谓语动词的形式取决于The girl，单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数goes。

故将go改为goes
52.略。