2019高一英语外研必修4Module1知识辅导1语文

必修4第1模块知识辅导
重点单词
【词条1】load
【课文原句】To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun,…(Page 2)
【点拨】该句意为“为解决垃圾问题，城里人将会把废物装进巨大的宇宙飞船，把这些废物送往太阳……”。

其中load意为“装载”，通常与with搭配，load …with…意为“把……
装进……”。

如：
The tractor was loaded with grain.
【拓展】与load…with…结构相同的动词还有：fill…with…把……装进……；equip…with…
用……装配；cover…with用……覆盖。

如：
Please cover the desk with a new table clothes.
We should equip ourselves with broad knowledge.
【词条2】certain
【课文原句】But one thing is certain —they are going to get bigger before they get smaller.（Page 2）
【点拨】该句意为“但有一件事是可以肯定的—它们将会先变大，然后再变小”。

其中，certain 意为“无疑的，确定的”，后跟of / about / to do sth. 或that从句，这时certain相当于sure。

如：
Are you certain that you’ll get there in time?
She’s certain to do well in t he examination.
We are certain of winning the game.
【拓展】
在“It is certain that …”结构中，不能换成sure，只能用certain。

如：
It is certain that he’ll come to help us.
【词条3】attach
【课文原句】Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head. (Page 2)
【点拨】该句意为“年长的市民和残疾人通过使用绑在头上的高新技术相机可以周游世界”。

其中attach意为“绑，系”，通常与to搭配。

如：
She attached a label to the luggage.
【拓展】
1. attach sb. to sth. 使属于（某团体），如：
He attached himself to a political party.
2. attach sth to sth重视，认为……重要。

如：
She attaches great importance to the military training.
【词条4】rely
【课文原句】We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. (Page 2)
【点拨】该句意为“我们也不得不更多地依赖其他能源，例如，太阳能和风能”。

其中rely 意为“依赖，依靠”，通常和on或upon连用。

如：
You can’t rely on the weather in summer.
【拓展】rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事。

如：
You can rely on Tom to do whatever he promises.
rely on (sb.) doing sth. 指望……。

如：
Don’t rely on me going to India.
重点短语
【词条1】for sure
【课文原句】Ｎo one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. (Page 2)
【点拨】
for sure为介词短语，作状语，意思是“确切地”，位置比较灵活。

如：
I don’t know it for sure.
No one knows for sure when the rain will stop.
【拓展】sure的用法小结：
1. sure +that从句。

如：
I’m sure that he will come tomorrow.
2. sure to do sth. 意为“一定，务必”。

如：
Be sure not to forget it.
It’s really a good movie; you are sure to enjoy it.
3. be sure of 意为“确信，自信”。

如：
I’m sure of her sincerity.
【词条2】run out
【课文原句】In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out. (Page 2)
【点拨】句子中的run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，主语必须是物。

如:
Our supplies finally ran out.
如果主语是人，应该用“run out of …”。

如：
He has run out of money.
【拓展】run out 的其他意思还有：
1. 逐出，驱逐。

如：
Ｗe ran him out of town.
2. (因期满或疏漏)而无效。

如：
It was an insurance policy that had run out.
【词条3】carry out
【课文原句】Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away,…. (Page 2)
【点拨】carry out 此处意为“进行（手术）”。

如：
His situation was urgent so the doctors carried out the operation immediately.
【拓展】carry out的其他意思还有：
1. 实行（计划等）。

如：
Once you work out the plan, you must carry it out.
2. 履行（诺言、义务等）。

如：
They didn’t carry out their orders and were punished seriously.
热点语法---将来进行时
将来进行时表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行、可能发生或预计要发生的动
作。

其构成形式为：“will / shall + be + doing”，在该结构中will可用于各种人称，shall一般只用于第一人称。

将来进行时的基本用法：
1. 表示在将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，即表示将来某一特定时刻某事正在进行。

将来进行时常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常见的时间状语有：soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。

如果上下文已清楚地表明了将来时间，时间状语也可以省略。

如：
I will be watching TV at home this time tomorrow evening.
They will be waiting for us at the school gate.
2. 表示安排要做或预计会发生的事，将来进行时表示已经安排或者决定了的事情，或者在正常情况下预计要发生的事情。

将来进行时没有个人意图的含意。

如：
Tom will be taking over his father’s job.
Some students of mine will be coming to see me tonight.
3. 将来进行时可以用来客气地询问别人的打算，在用法上比一般将来时更加委婉客气。

如：Will you need anything else?
Will you be needing anything else? （语气较上句更加委婉）
4. 与一般将来时连用，表示稍后的动作。

如：
School will be over at four o’clock and I will be returning home.
5. 将来进行时不用于表示“意志”，不能说I’ll be having a talk with her.。