开关电源并联均流系统的研究

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§2-3 反激式开关电源低压侧设计 ...................................................... 11 2-3-1 次级整流二极管的选型 ...................................................... 12 2-3-2 2-3-3 2-4-1 2-4-2 2-4-3 2-4-4 次级滤波电容的计算 ........................................................ 12 LC 滤波电路的选取 ......................................................... 12 初级电感量的计算 .......................................................... 13 利用 AP 参数法对磁芯的选取 ................................................. 13 变压器匝数及气隙的计算 .................................................... 14 变压器导线线径的选取 ...................................................... 15
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开关电源并联均流系统的研究
曹长春
指导教师姓名: 申请学位级别:
孙 英 副教授 河北工业大学 硕 士
学科、专业名称:电气工程 论文答辩日期: 2012 年 12 月
论文提交日期: 2012 年 11 月 学位授予单位:河北工业大学
答辩委员会主席: 评 阅 人:
2012 年 11 月
Thesis Submitted to Hebei University of Technology
for The Master Degree of Electrical Engineering
RESEARCH ON THE PARALLEL CURRENT-SHARING SYSTEM OF SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY
by Cao Changchun
Supervisor: Associate Professor Sun Ying
November 2012
河北工业大学硕士学位论文
开关电源并联均流系统的研究 摘 要
随着用电设备功率的增加, 设备对开关电源输出功率的要求也越来越高。 在实际应用 中, 为了满足大功率的需要, 常常采用并联模块化电源的供电方式。 这种方式降低了 MOS 管的电流应力和热应力,提高了电源系统的稳定性和可靠性。但是,仅通过简单并联的方 式并不能保证电源系统稳定、可靠的工作,模块间存在“均流”的问题,不同的解决方法, 对整个电源系统的稳定性、可靠性都有很大的影响。因此,在电源并联运行系统中必须要 引入有效的均流控制策略。 为此, 本文对数字化的开关电源并联均流系统进行了研究设计。 首先在研究、 分析开关电源相关理论和重要技术的基础上, 设计了一款单端反激式开 关电源作为并联的电源模块, 主要完成具体电路参数的设计, 包括前级电路和整流滤波电 路、EMI 滤波电路、 RCD 钳位电路、高频变压器、次级整流滤波电路、 LC 滤波电路等。 其次为了防止负载突变或输入电压变化引起的电源振荡, 提出一种基于小信号传递函 数的反馈网络补偿的设计方法,利用 Matlab 软件的频域仿真,优化设计的反馈补偿电路 参数。通过 Cadence 16.3 软件对电源结构进行建模和仿真,验证了设计参数的合理性,根 据设计参数组装成电源样机,并对样机进行实验研究。 最后分析研究了几种常用的开关电源并联均流的控制技术,选取单片机 ATmega16 作为并联电源模块的均流控制器, 对均流方案硬件电路及程序部分进行设计, 实现电源模 块的均流控制。 通过对均流模块进行仿真与实验分析, 可以看出系统稳定, 均流性能良好, 达到了预期的设计要求。 关键词:反激式;反馈补偿;并联均流;AVR 分类号:TN86
Hale Waihona Puke i开关电源并联均流系统的研究
RESEARCH ON THE PARALLEL CURRENT-SHARING SYSTEM OF SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY
ABSTRACT
With the power increasing of the electrical equipments, the output power of switching power supply is also increasing. In order to meet the needs of high-power, the parallel modular power supply is often used in practical applications. This way reduces the current and thermal stresses of MOS tube, and improves the stability and reliability of the power system. However, only a simple parallel way can’t guarantee stability and reliability of the power system. There exists “current- sharing” problem between these modules. So, the effective current sharing control strategy must be introduced in the parallel power system. Therefore, the digital parallel current-sharing system of switching power supply is studied and designed. First of all, a single-ended flyback switching power supply is designed as the power module in the parallel circuit,based on the research and analysis the related theory and important technology of switching power supply. Mainly to complete the design of specific circuit parameters, including pre-stage circuit and rectifier filter circuit、 EMI filter circuit、 RCD clamp circuit、 high- frequency transformer、 secondary rectifier filter circuit、 LC filter circuit etc. Secondly, in order to prevent power oscillation caused by the load mutation or variation of the input voltage, it is proposed one kind of the feedback compensation network based on small signal transfer function. In this process, through Matlab software the frequency domain simulation is used to get the best parameters of the feedback compensation circuit. The circuit is simulated by the software of Cadence 16.3 and the rationality of the parameters is validated. The power supply prototype is set up according to the design parameters, it is tested and researched through experiment. Finally, several common parallel switching power supply current control methods are introduced and analysed. MCU ATmega 16 is selected as the current controller, and the hardware circuit and part of the program is designed to realize the current-sharing control. It can be seen that the system is stable and the current-sharing performance is good through simulation and experimental analysis. So the system achieve the expected design requirements.
§1-1 开关电源并联运行的发展状况 ..................................................... 1 §1-2 课题研究的目的及意义 ........................................................... 2 §1-3 开关电源并联运行的要求与方法 ................................................... 2 1-3-1 开关电源并联运行的基本要求 ................................................. 2 1-3-2 现阶段采用的均流方法 ....................................................... 2 §1-4 本课题的研究内容 ............................................................... 5 1-4-1 1-4-2 技术指标及整体方案 ......................................................... 5 本文的主要工作 ............................................................. 5
KEY WORDS: flyback switching power supply, feedback compensation, parallel current-sharing, AVR
ii
河北工业大学硕士学位论文
目 录
第一章 绪 论 ....................................................................... 1
第二章 开关电源拓扑结构的选取与设计 ........................................ 7
§2-1 开关电源拓扑结构的选取 ......................................................... 7 2-1-1 主电路拓扑结构的选取 ....................................................... 7 2-1-2 2-2-1 2-2-2 2-2-3 电源模块的设计指标 ......................................................... 7 前级电路及整流滤波电路 ..................................................... 8 EMI 滤波电路的设计 ......................................................... 9 RCD 钳位电路的设计 ........................................................ 10 §2-2 反激式开关电源高压侧设计 ....................................................... 8
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