最新高考语法填空复习——虚词综合练习题(含答案解析)
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1.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：这张汇票不仅仅是一种承诺，而是一种声明：同样数额的货币已经存入，并且可以在其他地方提取。根据句意和no可知，空处应填入连词but，“否定+but”表示“不是……而是……”，故填but。
2.【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：王亚平在另外两名航天员的协助下，进行了多项科学实验。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Wang Yaping是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
6.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：后来，他建立了中国第一家汇票银行——日升昌银行(Rishengchang)，该银行后来在全国拥有35家分行。分析句子结合句意可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词“日升昌银行(Rishengchang)”，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词代替先行词引导从句，作从句的主语。故填which。
4.【★★☆】Covering some 7,000 square meters and officially known as the Palace Museum, it was home___1___royal families of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
5．【★★☆】Seeinga bluebird going in and out of a dead tree on his property, Larson became inspired to start setting up little boxes that could serve as nests___1___bluebirds.【2022.潍坊一模】
7.【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：如果一个地基这么大，想象一下上面 柱子会有多雄伟多高。宾语从句为感叹句，感叹形容词grand and tall应用how。故填how。
8.【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：在这个区域看到更多的鲸鱼表明这里的水域更干净，这里有更多的食物给这些鲸鱼。此处为同位语从句，解释说明sign的内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
7.【★★☆】If a foundation is so huge, just imagine____1____grand and tall the column above would be.【2022·淄博二模】
8.【★★☆】“Seeing more whales in this area is a sign1the waters are cleaner and there’s more food here for these whales,” Brown says.【2021·潍坊一模】
14【★★☆】__________these difficulties, they managed to work out 24 Solar Terms by studying the sun's movement and also paying attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth.
4.【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：他在退休后的业余爱好变成了一项全职工作，在将近40年的努力之后，他已经记录和记录了超过3万只蓝鸟，这主要归功于他在爱达荷州西南部建造的350个鸟舍。本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
5.【答案】which
【解析】which考察谓语连词，定语从句缺主语，代指前面的trails。
高考复习语法填空之——虚词专项练习
（一）连词
1.【★★☆】This draft was no mere promise,___1____a declaration that the same amount of currency had been deposited and could be withdrawn elsewhere.【2022年枣庄二模】
4.【★★☆】___1___started as a hobby to pursue in his retirement turned into a full-time effort and after almost four decades ofdevotion, he has banded and documented over 30, 000 bluebirds, thanks primarily to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho.【2022·潍坊二模】
11.【★★☆】The paintings are called "New Year paintings" because they are mostly posted during the Chinese New Year holiday ___________decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year's greetings.
2.【★★☆】Wang Yaping,____1____was assisted by the other two crew members, conducted several scientific experiments.【2022·济宁二模】
3.【★★☆】As she showed,____1____the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times, she can transform water into “ice” with only a “tap”.【2022·济宁二模】
10.【★★☆】I gave some money to John, ___________house was destroyed in the flood.
11.【★★☆】I really doubt _________he would ask Rose to marry him in public.
5.【★★☆】The trials,1involved more than 2,500 workers took place in 2015.（2022·济南二模）
6.【★★☆】He later set up China’s first draft bank, Rishengchang,____1___later had 35 branches across the country.【2022·枣庄二模】
9.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：当样品返回地球，科学家能分析月球土壤的结构和物质组成。空格前后是并列的两个名词词组。故填and。
10.【答案】whose
【解析】句意为：我给了约翰一些钱，他的房子在洪水中被毁掉了。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词John,关系词在从句中作定语修饰house,故用whose引导。此处whose house相当于the house of whom.
12.【★★☆】Only students ___________more than 30 percent body fat or a body mass index(指数）over 28 can sign up for the course.
13.【★★☆】As we all know. Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid ________September 16th,2015.
2.【★★☆】Oranges: Orange trees are moredecoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.（2020·新课标 卷）
3.【★★☆】The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist．earth, Mother Nature.（2020·新课标 卷）
8.【★★☆】Modem methodstracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensiveto perform(perform) consistently over a large area.【2019·新课标I卷】
1.【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
2.【答案】than
【解析】句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
3.【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
9.【★★☆】When the samples are returned to Earth, scientists will be able to analyze the structure ____7____ material composition of the moon’s soil.【2021·聊城一模】
11.【答案】whether/if
【解析】句意为：我极其怀疑他会不会在大庭广众之下向罗丝求婚。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，作doubt的宾语，表示“是否”，故填whether/if.
（二）介词
1.【★★☆】The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more sothe familiar near side.（2020·新课标 卷）
3.【答案】while
【解析】考查连词。句意：正如她所展示的，虽然空间站一直保持着固定的温度，但她只需要一个“轻扣”就能把水变成“冰”。根据“the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times, she can transform water into 'ice' with only a 'tap'”可知，句子表示“虽然空间站一直保持着固定的温度，但她只需要一个“轻扣”就能把水变成“冰””，空格处表示“尽管”，是while，引导让步状语从句，故填while。
9.【★★☆】We were first greeted with the barking by a packdogs，seven to be exact.【2019·新课标III卷】
10.【★★☆】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ______ this question is notclear.【2019·浙江卷】
4.【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：它占地约7000平方米，正式名称为故宫博物院，是明清两代皇室的家。结合句意表示“是……的家”短语为be home to。故填to。
6.【★★☆】Museums must competepeople’பைடு நூலகம் spare time and money with other amusements.（2020·山东卷）
7.【★★☆】A successful merchant during the Qing Dynasty, Li Daquan, was visited by a friend who came up___1___a novel idea.
【解析】考查连词。句意：这张汇票不仅仅是一种承诺，而是一种声明：同样数额的货币已经存入，并且可以在其他地方提取。根据句意和no可知，空处应填入连词but，“否定+but”表示“不是……而是……”，故填but。
2.【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：王亚平在另外两名航天员的协助下，进行了多项科学实验。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Wang Yaping是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
6.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：后来，他建立了中国第一家汇票银行——日升昌银行(Rishengchang)，该银行后来在全国拥有35家分行。分析句子结合句意可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词“日升昌银行(Rishengchang)”，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词代替先行词引导从句，作从句的主语。故填which。
4.【★★☆】Covering some 7,000 square meters and officially known as the Palace Museum, it was home___1___royal families of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
5．【★★☆】Seeinga bluebird going in and out of a dead tree on his property, Larson became inspired to start setting up little boxes that could serve as nests___1___bluebirds.【2022.潍坊一模】
7.【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：如果一个地基这么大，想象一下上面 柱子会有多雄伟多高。宾语从句为感叹句，感叹形容词grand and tall应用how。故填how。
8.【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：在这个区域看到更多的鲸鱼表明这里的水域更干净，这里有更多的食物给这些鲸鱼。此处为同位语从句，解释说明sign的内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
7.【★★☆】If a foundation is so huge, just imagine____1____grand and tall the column above would be.【2022·淄博二模】
8.【★★☆】“Seeing more whales in this area is a sign1the waters are cleaner and there’s more food here for these whales,” Brown says.【2021·潍坊一模】
14【★★☆】__________these difficulties, they managed to work out 24 Solar Terms by studying the sun's movement and also paying attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth.
4.【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：他在退休后的业余爱好变成了一项全职工作，在将近40年的努力之后，他已经记录和记录了超过3万只蓝鸟，这主要归功于他在爱达荷州西南部建造的350个鸟舍。本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
5.【答案】which
【解析】which考察谓语连词，定语从句缺主语，代指前面的trails。
高考复习语法填空之——虚词专项练习
（一）连词
1.【★★☆】This draft was no mere promise,___1____a declaration that the same amount of currency had been deposited and could be withdrawn elsewhere.【2022年枣庄二模】
4.【★★☆】___1___started as a hobby to pursue in his retirement turned into a full-time effort and after almost four decades ofdevotion, he has banded and documented over 30, 000 bluebirds, thanks primarily to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho.【2022·潍坊二模】
11.【★★☆】The paintings are called "New Year paintings" because they are mostly posted during the Chinese New Year holiday ___________decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year's greetings.
2.【★★☆】Wang Yaping,____1____was assisted by the other two crew members, conducted several scientific experiments.【2022·济宁二模】
3.【★★☆】As she showed,____1____the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times, she can transform water into “ice” with only a “tap”.【2022·济宁二模】
10.【★★☆】I gave some money to John, ___________house was destroyed in the flood.
11.【★★☆】I really doubt _________he would ask Rose to marry him in public.
5.【★★☆】The trials,1involved more than 2,500 workers took place in 2015.（2022·济南二模）
6.【★★☆】He later set up China’s first draft bank, Rishengchang,____1___later had 35 branches across the country.【2022·枣庄二模】
9.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：当样品返回地球，科学家能分析月球土壤的结构和物质组成。空格前后是并列的两个名词词组。故填and。
10.【答案】whose
【解析】句意为：我给了约翰一些钱，他的房子在洪水中被毁掉了。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词John,关系词在从句中作定语修饰house,故用whose引导。此处whose house相当于the house of whom.
12.【★★☆】Only students ___________more than 30 percent body fat or a body mass index(指数）over 28 can sign up for the course.
13.【★★☆】As we all know. Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid ________September 16th,2015.
2.【★★☆】Oranges: Orange trees are moredecoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.（2020·新课标 卷）
3.【★★☆】The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist．earth, Mother Nature.（2020·新课标 卷）
8.【★★☆】Modem methodstracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensiveto perform(perform) consistently over a large area.【2019·新课标I卷】
1.【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
2.【答案】than
【解析】句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
3.【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
9.【★★☆】When the samples are returned to Earth, scientists will be able to analyze the structure ____7____ material composition of the moon’s soil.【2021·聊城一模】
11.【答案】whether/if
【解析】句意为：我极其怀疑他会不会在大庭广众之下向罗丝求婚。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，作doubt的宾语，表示“是否”，故填whether/if.
（二）介词
1.【★★☆】The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more sothe familiar near side.（2020·新课标 卷）
3.【答案】while
【解析】考查连词。句意：正如她所展示的，虽然空间站一直保持着固定的温度，但她只需要一个“轻扣”就能把水变成“冰”。根据“the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times, she can transform water into 'ice' with only a 'tap'”可知，句子表示“虽然空间站一直保持着固定的温度，但她只需要一个“轻扣”就能把水变成“冰””，空格处表示“尽管”，是while，引导让步状语从句，故填while。
9.【★★☆】We were first greeted with the barking by a packdogs，seven to be exact.【2019·新课标III卷】
10.【★★☆】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ______ this question is notclear.【2019·浙江卷】
4.【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：它占地约7000平方米，正式名称为故宫博物院，是明清两代皇室的家。结合句意表示“是……的家”短语为be home to。故填to。
6.【★★☆】Museums must competepeople’பைடு நூலகம் spare time and money with other amusements.（2020·山东卷）
7.【★★☆】A successful merchant during the Qing Dynasty, Li Daquan, was visited by a friend who came up___1___a novel idea.