感官上的享受

Module 3 Unit 1
1. sense
n. 感官，感觉
the sense of sight 视觉
the pleasures of senses 感官上的享受
观念，意识
a sense of hunger 饥饿感
a sense of responsibility责任感
见识，道理
common sense 常识
a man of sense 通情达理的人
意义，意思
a word with several senses 多义词
vt. 感觉，觉察
【例句】He didn’t sense any danger before the accident happened. 事故发生前他没觉察到任何危险。

vt. 了解，领悟
【例句】I didn’t sense his meaning when he said goodbye to us.
他和我们告别的时候我没有领会他的意思。

【短语】in a sense 在某种意义上说
【例句】What you said is in a sense true.
在某种意义上来说，你说的话是正确的。

【短语】make sense 讲得通，有意义
【例句】This sentence doesn’t make any sense.
这个句子毫无意义。

【小试身手】请将下列句子翻译成英文。

1．很好的方向感对出门旅行有很大帮助。

2．在黑暗中，他不得不依赖他的听觉和触觉。

3．从某种意义上说，让他察觉到可能存在的威胁才有意义。

Key:
1. A good sense of direction will help you a lot when you are travelling.
2. In the darkness, he has to depend on his senses of hearing and touch.
3. In a sense, it makes sense to make him sense the possible danger.
2. hold
【短语】hold back 阻止，抑制，隐瞒
【例句】No one can hold back the wheel of history.
谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。

Hold your tears back, and you’ll l earn to depend on yourself.
不要流泪，你得学着独立。

【短语】hold on 继续，坚持，抓住……不放(to)
【例句】The speaker held on for a full hour.
那个演讲的人讲了整整一个小时。

He survived the flood by holding on to a piece of wood.
他紧抓着一块木头不放，才从那场洪水中幸存下来。

【短语】hold up举起，支撑，阻挡，拦截
【例句】Manage to hold up under the daily stress.
想办法应付每天的生活压力。

【短语】hold down 压制，压低(价格等)，缩减，牵制
【例句】The old man hasn’t given up smoking, but is holding down to 3 cigarettes a day.
那位老人还没有戒烟，但是已缩减到每天三支烟。

【小试身手】I. 请用以上短语的适当形式填空。

1. —May I leave a message for Jack?
— ______, please. I have to find a pencil to write it down.
2. Who would like to answer this question? ______ your hands to let me know.
3. To sell their new products, they’ve ______ the price by 20%.
4. Why are you ______ the news from me? I have the right to know what is happening.
II. hold有很多个含义，猜猜它在下列句子中具体的含义。

1. The lecture hall can hold 1,000 people.
2. The girl was holding her father’s hand.
3. Is that branch strong enough to hold your weight?
4. He was held prisoner throughout the war.
5. How long has he held office?
6. He holds the world record for the long jump.
7. A good teacher must be able to hold students’ attention.
8. I hold the view that the plan cannot work.
9. This meeting will be held tomorrow.
Key:I. 1. Hold on 2. Hold up 3. held down 4. holding back II. 1. 容纳2. 抓住 3. 支撑 4. 拘留 5. 掌权
6. 保持
7. 吸引
8. 持有，认为
9. 举行
3. add
v. 增添，添加，加
【例句】I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.
我对我早先说的话没什么可补充的。

He added that they would return a week later.
他接着说道，他们一周以后会回来。

【短语】add to 增加，增添
add ... to ... 把……添加到……
add up 累积，加起来
add up to 累积达到
【即学即用】用add或含有add的短语的适当形式填空。

1. The bad weather only _____ our difficulties.
2. When you’re feeding a family of six, the bills soon _____.
3. The numbers _____ exactly 100.
4. Shall I have you name _____ the list?
Key: 1. added / adds to 2. add up 3. add up to 4. added to
4. ignore
v. 忽视，不予理睬
【例句】He ignored all the “No smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.
他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示，点了支香烟。

I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it. 我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。

【拓展】ignorance n. 愚昧，无知
【例句】She was ke pt in ignorance of her husband’s activities.
关于她丈夫的行为，她一直被蒙在鼓里。

ignorant adj. 无知的，不了解的
【例句】At that time, I was ignorant of events going on elsewhere.
那时我并不了解其他地方发生的事。

He is completely ignorant about modern technology. 他对现代科技一无所知。

【即学即用】将下列句子翻译成英文。

1. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

2. 我们对你的计划一无所知。

Key:
1. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
2. We are in complete ignorance / completely ignorant of your plans.
5. chance
n. 机会
【例句】It’s the chance of lifetime.
这是一生难得的机会。

n. 可能性（常用复数）
【例句】Chances are that the new book will come out next month. 新书可能下个月出版。

n. 偶然性，运气
【例句】Y ou’d better leave it to chance.
你最好顺其自然吧。

【短语】by chance 偶然，意外地
【例句】I met a beautiful lady by chance yesterday.
我昨天偶然遇见一位美女。

a fat chance (作反语) 微小的机会
【例句】—I think it’s Jack who stole t he book, as he was the last one to leave yesterday.
我觉得是杰克偷了那本书，因为昨天是他最后一个走的。

— Fat chance. I know him. He will never do that sort of thing.
不可能，我了解他，他永远不会做那种事。

【译一译】翻译下列句子，并在每句话中都使用“chance”。

1. 如果你的朋友们体重超重的话，你有可能也会变胖。

2. 他及时赶回来的可能性不大。

3. 我们今年不会再有机会度假了。

4. 我碰巧发现了他们丢失的车。

Key:
1. If your friends are overweight, chances are that you will become fat.
2. There is a slight chance that he’ll be back in time.
3. We won’t have another chance of a holiday this year.
4. I found the car they lost by chance.
6. likely
adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的, 似乎合适的
【例句】The most likely cause of the fire is that he fell asleep while smoking.
那场火灾的最可能的原因是他吸着烟睡着了。

It’s more than likely that the thief doesn’t know how much the picture is worth.
小偷很有可能不知道这幅画的价值。

adv. 很可能
【例句】Me? Join the army? Not likely!我？参军？不可能！
【辨析】possible, probable和likely这三个词都有“可能的”之意，在“It’s ... that” 句型中，这三个词的使用要根据句意，视其可能性而定。

possible表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。

probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。

likely强调表面上看来有可能，与probable意思接近，有时可以互换，但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断；probable则经过权衡正反两方面的理由后相信某事是真实的或大概会发生。

这三个词中只有likely的主语可以是人，其句型结构是：sb. is likely to do sth.。

【练一练】请用likely, possible或probable完成下列句子。

1. 十月份天气有可能较冷，但10月20日前不会太冷的。

Cold weather is ______ in October, but not ______ before October 20.
2. 我会尽可能早来的。

I will come as soon as ______.
3. 他有可能会错过你的婚礼。

He is ______ to miss your wedding ceremony.
4. 我认为这件事有90%的可能性。

I think it’s ninety percent ______.
Key:1. possible; probable 2. possible 3. likely 4. probable。