黄颡鱼幼鱼对饲料中维生素 C的需要量

黄颡鱼幼鱼对饲料中维生素 C的需要量
郭春阳;邱红;梁雄培;周歧存
【期刊名称】《动物营养学报》
【年(卷),期】2015(000)010
【摘要】以维生素C水平分别为1.9、18.9、36.8、78.4、156.5和316.0
mg/kg的6种等氮等脂饲料(含42%粗蛋白质和7%粗脂肪)投喂黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)幼鱼[初始体重(2.00±0.01) g]12周,研究饲料中维生素C水平对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。

每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复放养20尾鱼。

结果表明：1)当饲料中维生素 C 水平从1.9 mg/kg 上升到156.5 mg/kg,增重率和特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05),然而随着饲料中维生素C水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg,黄颡鱼幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率反而有所下降。

饲料中维生素C水平对存活率、饲料系数、蛋白质效率、肝体比和脏体比的影响不显著(P>0.05)。

2)饲料中维生素C水平对黄颡鱼幼鱼血液中血红蛋白含量和血清中葡萄糖、甘油三酯含量的影响显著( P<0.05),而血液中红细胞数量、白细胞数量、红细胞压积及血清中总蛋白和胆固醇含量不受饲料中维生素C 水平的显著影响( P>0.05)。

3)当饲料中维生素 C 水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg时,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性显著提高( P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著下降( P<0.05)；当饲料中维生素 C 水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg时,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量变化不显著( P>0.05),但谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性出现显著下降( P<0.05)。

4)饲料中维生素C水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg时,血清溶菌酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),但随着维生素C水平的继续升高,溶菌酶活性变化不显
著( P>0.05)。

随着饲料中维生素C水平的升高,头肾巨噬细胞吞噬百分率和呼吸爆发呈先上升后下降趋势,在维生素C水平为156.5 mg/kg时达到最大值。

5)注射嗜水气单胞菌14 d后,饲料中维生素C水平为18.89和36.76 mg/kg时的累计存活率显著高于维生素C水平为1.9 mg/kg时( P<0.05)。

以特定生长率和血清中溶菌酶活性为评价指标,通过折线模型得出黄颡鱼幼鱼饲料中维生素 C 的需要量分别为114.5和142.3 mg/kg。

%A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C level on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function of juvenile yellow catfish
( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Rich). Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets (44% crude protein and 7% crude lipid) were formulated to con-tain six graded dietary vitamin C levels of 1.9, 18.9, 36.8, 78.4, 156.5 and 316.0 mg/kg diet. Each diet was randomly assigned to three replicates, and ecah replicate had 20 juvenile fish [average body weight of (2.00± 0.01) g] . The results showed as follows: 1) the weight gain rate ( WGR) and specific growth rate ( SGR) were significantly increased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1. 9 mg/kg to 156. 5 mg/kg ( P<0.05), but then were decreased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 156.5 mg/kg to 316.0 mg/kg. However, survival rate ( SR ) , protein efficiency ratio ( PER ) , feed efficiency ( FE ) , hepatosomatic index ( HSI) and viscerosomatic index ( VSI) were not significantly affected by the dietary vitamin C level ( P>0.05) . 2) The dietary vitamin C level had significant effects on blood hemoglobin content and serum glucose and triglyceride contents (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count ( WBC) and hematocrit in blood and total protein ( TP) and cholesterol
( CHOL) contents in serum ( P>0.05) . 3) The activities of serum superoxide dismutase ( SOD) , catalase ( CAT) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) were significantly increased and the content of serum malondialdehyde ( MDA) was sig-nificantly decreased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1.9 mg/kg to 156.5 mg/kg ( P<0.05);how-ever, when dietary vitamin C level increased from 156.5 mg/kg to 316.0 mg/kg, the serum SOD and CAT activities and MDA content were not significant different ( P>0.05) , but the serum GSH-Px activity was sig-nificantly decreased ( P<0.05) . 4) The activity of serum lysozyme ( LZM) was significantly increased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1.9 mg/kg to 156.5 mg/kg ( P<0.05) , but it had no significant change when dietary vitamin C level continued to increase ( P>0.05) . The phagocytic percentage and respiratory burst of macrophages from head kidney were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary vitamin C level in-creasing, and the highest values of them were appeared when dietary vitamin C level was 156.5 mg/kg. 5) Af-ter injecting A.hydrophila for 14 days, the cumulative survival rate of 18.89 and 36.76 mg/kg groups was sig-nificantly higher than that of 1.9 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Using SGR and serum LZM activity as evaluation indexes, broken-line regression analysis results indicate that the dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile yellow catfish is estimated to be 114. 5 and 142. 3 mg/kg, respectively.
【总页数】10页(P3067-3076)
【作者】郭春阳;邱红;梁雄培;周歧存
【作者单位】宁波大学海洋学院，宁波 315211;宁波大学海洋学院，宁波 315211;宁波大学海洋学院，宁波 315211;宁波大学海洋学院，宁波 315211
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】S963
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