八年级下一至五课

八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
词组
1.在家中通过电脑学习 study at home on the computer（on
computers
2.100年以后 in 100 years=100 years from now
3.免费的 be free
4.在全世界 in the whole world
5.希望如此。

I hope so.
6.我不同意。

I disagree.=I don’t agree.
. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)
7.更多的人 more people
8.更少的闲暇时间 less free time
9.更轻的污染 less pollution
10.更少的小汽车 fewer cars
11.少用地铁 use the subways less
12.在上大学 in college go to college 上大学
13.一辆跑车 a sports car
14.高楼大厦 tall buildings
15.每个家庭 every home
16.全班的每个同学every student of the class
17.在这条街对面的一个公寓里in an apartment across the street
from here
18.他的一张照片 a picture of him
19.十年前 ten years ago
20.离这里相当远 be pretty far away from here
21.坐火车去上学 take the train to school
22.我是认真的。

I’m serious.
23.乘火箭去月球 fly rockets to the moon
24.到其他行星的飞行 flights to other planets
25.在空间站里 on a space station
26.在太空中 in space
27.在太空中生活的地方a place to live in space
28.喜欢上它 fall in love with it例：When I met Mr. Xu for the
first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他
29.我不喜欢单独生活。

I don’t like living alone.
30.养一只宠物鹦鹉keep a pet parrot
31.在周末 at the weekends
32.穿一套西装 wear a suit
33.穿得更随意 dress more casually
34.有朝一日 one day
35.赢得下届世界杯win the next World Cup
36.下一次next time
37.获奖win award win a prize
38.自食其力work for oneself
39.我应聘面试my job interview
40.预测未来predict the future
41.实现 come true
42.从未实现的著名的预言famous predictions that never came
true
43.最大的电影公司之一one of the biggest movie companies
44.美国最大电脑公司的首脑the head of the largest computer
company in the United States
45.被大多数人使用be used by most people
46.一位中国著名的宇航员a famous Chinese astronaut
47.科幻电影science fiction movies
48.未来的人们people in the future
49.帮忙干家务help with the housework
50.做那些人们最不愿意干的工作do the most unpleasant jobs
51.数百年hundreds of years
52.使机器人看起来象人一样make robots look like people
53.努力做某事try to do sth
54.和我们做同样的事情do the same things as us
55.看着有趣be fun to watch
56.唤醒；醒来wake up 醒来（wake sb. up表示“唤醒某人
57.例如 for example
58.感到厌烦get bored get bored 变得厌倦
（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited 等）
60形态各异have many different shapes
61帮忙在建筑物下找人help look for people under buildings 62电动牙刷electric toothbrushes
63一遍又一遍地；一再地 over and over again
64 在人们的家中 in p eople’s home
65. in ten years 10年后（in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon）
66. fall in love with…爱上…
例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him 67. at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他
68. live alone 单独居住
feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along 等）The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独
69. hundreds of +复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of）
70 A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
”
71. go skating 去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）
72. lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）
73. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词）
74. on vacation 度假
75. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
76 many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼
77 live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号
78 as a reporter 作为一名记者
79. look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明
80 Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗
81. in the future 在将来/在未来
82. no more=not …anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）
83. no longer=not… any longer 不再（强调状态不再发生）
84. besides（除…之外还，包括）与except =but（除…之外，不包括）
85. be able to与can 能、会
（be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如： 1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）
86. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）
87 be big and crowded 大而且拥挤
88 casual clothing 休闲服饰
89 come true 变成现实
90 活到200岁 live to be 200 years old
本单元目标句型：
1 What do you think life will be like in 1000 years? There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
fewer； less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more 二者都可以修饰。

2 Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。

3 Predicting the future can be difficult.
4 I need to look smart for my job interview.
5 I will be able to dress more casually.
6 I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
7 What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
8
That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
本单元语法讲解一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

本时态标志词： 1.含tomorrow; next短语； 2.in+段时间； 3.how soon； 4.by+将来时间；5.by the time sb.do… 6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 7.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时8.another day
比较be going to 与will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。

如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He
will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如： She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与will 了。

单词讲解
1paper可数名词=newspaper
2building build builder
3even a little a lot much 修饰比较级
4dress sb Could you please help me dress the children 5be dress in red
6 dress oneself
7 dress up Let us dress up and have dinner
8Have on put on wear
9Win won won winning win(game war match prize)
10Beat beat beat beat sb
11Say speak talk to talk with have a talk with sb 12Tell sb sth tell sth to sb
13Human humans (pl )
14Predict prediction It is only a prediction
15Noise make a great noise voice不可数名词 sound 16None none of the stories is interting
How many boys are there in the room ? none
17no one =nobody 不和OF连用用来回答WHO的问句
18toothbrush toothbrushea (pl )
19science scientist
20not no there is no book on the desk=there is not a book on the desk no =not a (not any )
21with the help of help sb do sth help with
22would like to do sth would not like to do sth
23be going to Look at the clouds ,I think it is going to rain. I have thought about it carefully ,and I think they are right ,so I am going to agree with you .
24try one’s best to do sth
25in future I hope they ‘ll be more careful in future 有劝告的含义
26 try to do sth try doing sth
27 people the people a people
The Chinese people is a great people
28 pollution air pollution noise pollution
There is a lot of pollution in the air here
Pollutioned adj
29seem 1 +adj he seems very angry
2+n he seems (to be) a nice man
3+like it seemed like not a bad idea at the time 4+to do sth I seems to have left my book at home 5 it seems that it seems that he was very happy
八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇
Unit2 What should I do?
.Words:
argue---argued---argument pay—paid (in)expensive surprise—surprised—surprising complain—complaint fit—fitted send---sent organize—organized organize—organizing—organization free---freedom include—included—including
push---pull fail--succeed failure
短语
1.keep out 不让···进入
2.play one’s CDs too loud播放CD 太响
3.argue with sb.
have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵
argue against (about ) 为。

争吵
4．out of style/ in style 过时 / 时髦5．want sb to do sth 想要某人去做某事6．write sb a letter 给某人写信write a letter to sb
7．call sb. up /give sb. a call 给某人打电话8．give sb. sth / give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
9．talk about sth. on the phone 电话上谈论某事10.a ticket to a ball game 一张球赛的票11．enough money 足够多的钱
12.surprise sb. 使某人惊讶
be surprise d at sth./to do sth. 对……感到惊奇
to one’s surprise 使某人感到惊奇的是in surprise 惊奇地
13．ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
14.borrow sth from sb 从某人处借入某物（主语借入）
lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人（主语借出）
15.need to do sth 需要去做某事
16.pay for 付钱
17.get a part-time job full-time 找到一份兼职工作
18.have a bake sale 销售面包
bake cakes 烘烤蛋糕
19.the radio advice program 电台建议栏目
20.the same as 和···一样
21.either/too/also 也
(either用于否定句句末;too用于肯定句句末;also用于系动词,助动词后实义动词前)
22. tell sb ( not) to do sth 告诉某人去做某事
23. find out找出,查明
24. plan sth for sb 为某人计划某事
25 .everyone else 其余每个人
26.do sth. wrong=do wrong 做错事
27. leave sth at home 把某物落在家中 (强调把某物放于某处)
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 (强调忘记的物品或事情)
28. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事
29. be angry with sb / at sth 对某人 / 某事生气
30.fail (in) the test 考试不及格
pass the test 通过考试
31. get on/along well with 与某人相处好
32. have a fight with sb. 和某人打架
33. the same age as sb./as old as 与···同龄
34. not …until 直到···才
35. have a quick supper 匆忙地吃完晚饭
have supper quickly
36.the Taylors=the Taylor family Taylor一家人/Taylor夫妇二人
37. It’s time for sth. 该做某事
It’s time to do sth.
38 complain to sb. about sth 向某人抱怨某事complain about doing sth
39. take part in 参加
（加入某个活动，并在其中负责任）join（参加某个团体，并成为其中一员）
40. send sb to 送某人去某地
41. compare A with B 比较A和B
compare…to…把……比作……
it interesting to do sth.某人发现做某事很有趣
43. on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand, 另一方面
44. too much pressure 太多的压力be under too much pressure
45. as…as possible/sb.can 尽可能
46. fit…into找到时间（做某事）fit as much as possible into their kids’ lives
47 . original clothes 新潮服装
48. get a tutor 请家教
49. return the book to me=give the book back to me把某物归还某人
41. 带足够的钱 have enough money
42. 出什么事了？What’s wrong? = What’s the matter?= What’s the trouble?
重点句型
1．What’s wrong (with…)?= what’s the matter (with …) ? 2．What should I do ?
3. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp .
Need to do 实义动词 need do 情态动词
4. He should get a tutor to come to his home .
5. I always thought I was popular at school .
6. Everyone else in my class was invited except me .
7. I can’t think what I did wrong .
8. I am very upset and don’t know what to do .
9. There are a lot of things you could do .
10. You left your homework at home .
11．I don’t know what to do =I don’know what I should do? 12．Could you please give me some advice?不可数
13．The tired children don’t get home until 7:PM .
14.It’s time for homework.
It’s time to do homework .
15…and try to fit as much as possible into their kids’lives .
16.She also says that these children may find it hard to think
for themselves when they are older .
16.They might find it difficult to plan things for themselves .
17.They need time to do things by themselves .
18. My cousin is the same age as me.
19.I don’t have any money,he doesn’t have ,either.
20.Maybe he should say he’s sorry.
21. I want to be like him.
1.你应该道歉。

You should say you’re sorry.
2.也许他应该道歉。

Maybe he should say he’s sorry.
3.一张球票 a ticket to a ball game
4.我该怎么办呢？what should I do?
5.我认为不行。

I don’t think so.
6.在电话里谈这件事 talk about it on the phone
7.让他吃惊 surprise him
8.赚钱支付夏令营的费用 get some money to pay for summer camp
9.向你哥哥借点钱 borrow some money from your brother
10.他也没有钱。

He doesn’t have any money , either.
11.向你父母要些钱 ask your parents for some money
12.卖烧烤 have a bake sale
13.给我家人买礼物 buy gifts for my family
14.好主意。

That’s a good idea.
15.请家教到他家 get a tutor to come to his home
16.一个没有个性的朋友 a friend who isn’t original
17.留一样的发型 have the same haircut
18.进展;相处 get on
19.那是一个有趣的观点。

That’s an interesting opini on.
20.另一个人one more person
21.各种各样；许多all kinds of
22.除了我班里的每个人都被邀请了。

Everyone else in my class
was invited except me.
23.我非常苦恼，不知道该怎么办。

I’m very upset and don’t know
what to do.
24.把作业落在家里了leave the homework at home
25.尽力幽默些try to be funny
26.我该怎么跟他说？What should I say to him?
27.考试不及格fail the exam
28.和我同岁be the same age as me
29.学会放松learn to relax
30.疲倦的孩子们直到晚上7点才回家。

The tired children don’t
get home until 7 a.m. .
31.该做作业了。

It’s time for homework.
32.尽最大可能地适应孩子们的生活try to fit as much as
possible into the kids’ lives
33.为…而抱怨complain about
34.参加课后俱乐部take part in after-school clubs
35.固执的父母并不罕见。

Pushy parents are nothing new.
36.好象给孩子的压力更大了seem to push the kids a lot more
37.一位3个孩子的母亲a mother of 3 kids
38.完全了解这样的压力know all about such pressure
39.他们可能觉得为他们自己谋划事情是困难的。

They might find
it difficult to plan things for themselves.
40.多一点时间 a bit more time
单词讲解
1 the + 姓的复数表示一家人 the smiths are having dinner
2 sports meet sports jacket sports shoes 用作定语多用复数
3 send-sent –sent I ‘ll send a gift to my mother on her
birthday. Send for 请某人来 please send tor the doctor 4总是做某事有语气be always doing sth
He was always doing things for others
5.loud aloud loudly aloud 表语形容词与read 连
用 .loud 与laugh 连用表示声音大loudly有喧闹的含义如knock the door
6. enough后加名词形容词和副词后加enough
7.the dictionary cost her 20yuan
It took me two hours to do my homework last year
He spent three days in visiting the great wall
He paid $5 for the book
8.either 形容词任一的两者中的任一个you may go by either road
代词与of 连用either of +the my their +名词谓语动词用单数三者以上的任一个用any
9．Else 形容词别的其它的常用在不定代词something anyone nobody 后还有特殊凝问词what who where 后边
Other 其它的位于修饰词的前边three other questions
10crazy 疯狂的，狂热的 .You must be crazy to go out in such bad weather
11 play (1)please play the tape again(2)I can play the
violin(3)play basketball play with fire(4)Tv play go to the play
12 fit (1)adj The food is not fit to eat because it’s bad It’s not fit to our leader (2) vt The coat doesn”tfit me 13 too much I drank too much cola last night
Much too What are driving much too fast
Too many There are too many people at the railway station 14include vt The price included both house and furniture
Included adj 放在修饰词的后边 including 引导一个解释性
的短语介词There are five parts in the books ,including two parts written by our teacher Everyone will go to the cinema ,Lao xiao included .
15 complain (1)complain about (of )sth (2)complain to sb about sht They are complained to the government about poor quality of their houses (3)complain that She complaines that her boyfriend didn’t work hard
16 compare to People often compare the life to the stage
Compare with Please compare this book with that book ,and find out the differences between them .
17 until 直到为止动作一直持续 I will wait for you until you come
I will be here until the end of the month .
Not until 只到才动作才发生 My grandma didn’t go to sleep until I get back home The lazy boy didn’t get to school until ten o’clock yesterday morning
条件状语从句
条件状语从句主要由if或unless引导：
1)if条件句
if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。

2)用法：
(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”，
主句不能用be going to表示将来，而应该用shall，will。

If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(错误)
If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)
(2)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从
句则用一般现在时，如：
If it rains tomorrow, I shan’t climb the hills.
另外，主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句也用一般现在时。

如：Please call me if he comes next Sunday.
Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble. 注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。

宾语从句中的
if“是否”相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。

如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况选用时态，如果主句用一般过去时，从句必须用过去式的某种形式。

I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。

Our teacher said there was going to be a football match
the next month.我们说下月将有场足球比赛。

（注意）下列从句中的will不是将来时助动词，而是情态动词。

翻译为“愿意”。

If you will excuse me,I really must go to bed .
如果你能原谅我的话，我真的要睡觉了。

If you will wait a minute ,I’ll go and tell my mother that you are here .
如果你愿意等一会的话，我去告诉我妈妈你来了。

试比较下列句子：
If you see him tomorrow ,give him this book .
如果你明天去看他，给他这本书。

If you will see him tomorrow ,give him this book .
如果你明天愿意去看他，给他这本书。

2）unless引导的条件句，表示强烈的否定。

翻译为“除非……”。

“非……不可。

”
I shan’t go unless he asks me . 他不来请我我就不去。

You will fail unless you work harder . 你不努力就会失败的。

Don’t come unle ss I call you . 我不叫你就别来。

（注意） unless 从句里的谓语只能是肯定式，因为本身unless表示否定。

误 : Unless you do not work ,you will fail .
正：Unless you work hard ,you will fail .
正：If you don’t work hard ,you will fail .
练习：
1．If she ______ (finish ) work early ,she ______(go) home.
2．If the weather______（be）fine，we_______(go)for a walk .
3. If I_____(have) time tonight ,I _______(finish) the book I’m reading.
4. If I ______(rain) next weekend , we_______(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .
5. If it_______(rain),we______(stay) at home .
6.If she______(arrive) ,she _____(phone) me .
7. If he_____(call),tell him I’ll ring back .
8. Unless you_____(work) harder ,you_____(not)pass the the exams .
9. He _____(not speak ) to you unless you_____(speak) to him first .
10.I don’t know if it ______(rain) tomorrow .If it
_____(rain) , we _____(not go )to school .
. 语法要点
（1）情态动词should和could的用法：
①should的用法：
should是shall的过去式形式，用做情态动词时，意为“应该；应当”。

should用做情态动词时没有人称和数的变化。

should主要有以下用法：
A. 表示“义务或责任”，意为“应该”。

例如：
We should be strict in all our work.我们应当严于一切职守。

You should keep your promise.你应当遵守诺言。

B. 表示可能性或推测，意为“可能，该”。

如：
He should arrive soon.他可能很快到达。

C. 表示建议、命令、要求等，意为“应该，必须”。

例如：
We should complete our test in time.我们应按时完成试验。

He should finish his work before he goes home.他应该做完工作再回家。

②could的用法
could是can的过去式形式，使用时，它也没有人称和数的变化，可以用在主语是所有人称的情况下。

could的主要用法如下：
A. 表示能力，意为：能；会。

例如：
He can ride a bike now, but he couldn’t a few weeks ago.
他现在能骑自行车了，但几星期前他不会。

A poor boy like m e couldn’t go to school.
像我这样的穷孩子上不了学。

When my father was young he could run fast.
我父亲年轻时能跑得很快。

B. 表示可能性，意为：可能。

例如：
He said he couldn’t arrive before 6 o’clock.
他说他不能在六点前到达。

C. 表示推测，意为：可能。

例如：
It could rain tomorrow.明天可能要下雨。

D. 表示建议或婉转的语气，意为：能，可以。

例如：
Could you tell us whether you go skating in winter?请问冬天你滑冰吗？
Could you help lift the steel plate?你能帮忙抬起这块钢板吗？
八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
1.在理发店 at the barber’s
2.在诊所at the doctor’s
3.洗完澡get out of shower
4.起飞；脱掉take off
5.逃跑 run away
6.听说 hear about
7.想起；考虑 think about
8.发生 take place
9.睡懒觉 sleep late
10.理发 cut hair
11.沿街走walk down the street
12.报警 call the police
13.一次非同寻常的经历 an unusual experience
14.你可以想象那是多么奇怪
You can image how strange it was!
15.对…感到惊讶be amazed at /be surprised at
16.跳下来jump down
17.对我们说 say to us
18.叫某人做某事 ask sb to do sth
19.在太空 in space
20.进入太空 go into space
21.对……有意义 have meaning to
22.并非所有的 not all
23.在这一天 on this day
24.持续22小时last 22 hours
25.我哪儿都看不见他。

I can’t find him anywhere.
26.走遍了整个火车walk around the train station
27.一起车祸 a car accident
28.环绕地球的飞行 fly around the earth
29.日常活动 everyday activities
30.当时 at the time
31.阳光明媚的一天a bright and sunny day
32.默默的地走回家walk home in silence
33.在当代 in recent times
34.一位民族英雄a national hero
35 阻止某人做某事stop sb (from) doing
36 和另一只狗又跑又跳run and jump with another dog
37 在美国现代历史中in American recent history
38害怕… be scared of…
39. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于某事
40, at around ten o‘clock 在大约10点钟
41. on one’s way to 在某人去~~的路上
42.as a country teacher 作为一名乡村教师
43.hurt one’s feeling 伤害某人的感情
44.go after = follow 跟随
45 take photos 照相
46 begin to do sth 开始去做某事
47in /on a tree 在树上(in指不是长于树上的,on 指树上本身有的)
48 Think about=think of 考虑;对···的看法
49 run away 逃跑
50 a letter from sb 收到某人的来信
think about=think of 考虑;对···的看法
1.on the morning of Apirl 20 在四月二十日的早晨(在具体的日
期前用on)
2.at the doctor‘s 在医务室（在诊所，家，理发店等地方时不用
写出地点）
3.have English class 上英语课
4.heard about 听说
5.ask sb (not) to do sth 让某人（不）做某事
6.take place = happen 发生
7.tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事
8.have fun doing sth 做某事很快乐
9.remember to do sth 记得要去做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
10.all over the world 遍及全世界
11.in front of 在~~的前面(指两个物体,一个在另一个前方)
in the front of 在~~的前部分(在同一空间内的前部分)
12.help sb with sth 在某一方面帮助某人
重点句型
1.The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
当UFO着路的时候，这个男孩正沿着街走。

2．While the boy was walking down the street ,the UFO landed.
当UFO着路的时候，这个男孩正沿着街走。

When / while 都有“当~~时”之意，引导时间状语从句。

短暂性谓语动词的句子用一般过去时态，延续性动词用过去进行时态。

1.What were you doing at 7：00~~9：00 yesterday evening.
昨天晚上7点到九点你正在做什么?
单词讲解
1arrive at (in) 后接小（大）地点 reach 及物动词 get to 后接副词时省to
2take off 起飞反义词land 还有脱掉的含义take turns 轮流take away拿走 take out 拿出 take over 接手
take notes 做笔记 take care小心 take after相像 take
care of照顾take photos 照相
3 around =about We must finish the work around 3
o’clock 在周围There are many trees around the house
4 kid vt 欺骗don’t kid me 开玩笑 vi He must be
kidding,I don’t believe him 儿童 a kid
5 shout at He tried to talk to the men ,but they shouted
at him 有恶意
Shout to She shouted to the girl and warned her of the danger
6 somewhere anywhere 同some any I left my book somewhere near here I don’t know anything in Beijing
7 another more I need another two desks
I need two more desks
8 finally in the end at last
9think of 想起think about考虑 think over仔细考虑
10 remember to do sth Remember to call me as soon as you arrieve here .remember doing sth he remember locking the door
11hear from I havn’t heard from my aunt for long
12 stop to do sth They walked for a while and stopped to have
a rest . stop doing sth He stopped talking to me
13 die vi His grandpa died at the age of 80
Death His father’s death made him very sad
Dead 死的adj I’m sorry the dog is dead
Dying The dying slldier wants to take a last look at his country 奄奄一息的
14 happen =take place 无被动语态happen 偶然的take place 计划的.what happened over there ,what will the wedding take place
15 before ago ago立足现在常用过去时不用完成时 I saw her two weeks ago . before 立足过去常用完成时连用
We have never studied English before
16mean意味着意思是 I don’t understand what he means
I mean to tell you yesterday ,but you were not in your
office . mean to do sth 打算做某事what’the meaning of the word? A rest today means doing extra work
tomorrow .mean doing sth 意味着
Have meaning to 对。

有意义
本单元语法
1.过去进行时态
用法:指在过去某一时间点或时间段内主语正在做某事.
在此种时态中常出现的时间性短语包括:at that / this time yesterday；at 5：00~~6：00 yesterday morning ~~~
句子结构：
肯定句：主语 + was / were + V-ing + ~~~
否定句：主语 + was / were not + V-ing + ~~~
一般疑问句：was / were +主语 + V-ing + ~~~ ？
特殊疑问句：when / what /who /~~ + was / were + 主语 + V-ing + ~~~ ？
2．感叹句：
用法：表示一种惊讶，赞叹，吃惊的感情色彩。

句子结构：
How + adj（形容词）+ 主语 + 谓语
1)这个电影太有趣了！
2)那个小女孩如此的聪明！
What + a / an +adj + n + 主语 + 谓语
1)今天的天气真是太晴朗了！
2)这种花的颜色真鲜艳啊！
3．几种“到达”的表示方法：arrive / reach / get to
1)Arrive 是不及物动词，后面要加宾语中间需要加介词 in / at. Arrive in指到达国家,城市等大地方,arrive at 指到达车站,办公室,家等小的地点.
2)reach 是及物动词,后面可直接加宾语。

如：reach home
3)get 也为不及物动词，后面加介词to 再加宾语。

本单元需掌握的几个不规则动词：
meet — met （遇见，遇到） run — ran （跑）
ride — rode （骑车） see — saw （看见）
get — got （得到，获得） think —thought （想，认为）
take —took （带着，拿着） say —said （说）
Unit 3. What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
1. 语法要点
（1）由when和while引导的时间状语从句
修饰主句中的谓语动词，形容词或副词等的分句称为状语从句。

时间状语从句常用来修饰主句中的动词，说明动作或状态发生或存在的时间。

用来引导时间状语从句的引导词很多，如：when; before; after; as; as soon as; till; until; since等。

When引导一个时间状语从句时，意为：当……的时候（at the time when），when的时间状语从句可以表示某个时刻，也可以表示一段时间。

例如：
I was walking along the stream when I met my teacher of English.
当我沿着小溪散步时遇到了英语老师。

It was raining when we arrived.
我们到达时，天正下着雨。

He always comes on those days when I am busy.
他总在我忙的日子来。

It happened when I was living in the country.
这事发生在我住在农村的时候。

While也可以引导一个时间状语从句，但while引导的时间状语从句表示“一段较长的时间”；例如：
The telephone rang while I was in the garden.
我在花园里的时候电话铃响了。

I read it while you were drying your hair.
你在干发的时候我读了它。

While I was in Italy I went to see Alessandro.
当我在意大利的时候去看了Alessandro。

I thought I heard him come in while we were having dinner.
我想我在吃饭的时候听到他进来了。

---- I’m going to the post of fice.我要到邮局去了。

--- While you’re there can you get me some stamps?你在那儿的时候能不能买几张邮票？
（2）关于过去进行时
A. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或过去的某一段时间里正在发生的动作。

B. 过去进行时的构成：助动词was/ were＋动词-ing。

注意：过去进行时中的助动词was/ were有人称和数的变化，使用时要注意主谓的人称和数的对应（对应要求见下面的表格）。

C. 表示“过去的某个时刻”可以用when引导的时间状语从句或短语，如：this time yesterday, at that time, then, at 9:00 yesterday等表示；表示“过去的某段时间”可以用while引导的时间状语从句表示；例如：
---- What were you doing this time yesterday?昨天的这个时候你在做什么？
----I was watching TV.我正在看电视。

When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
当我在花园浇水时，突然下雨了。

While we were having a party, the lights went out.
当我们正举行聚会时，灯突然灭了。

D. 过去进行时的陈述句、疑问句和否定句形式。

（以do为例）
八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
一．词汇
1.mad—madder=angry
2.anymore=any more
3.message-messages
4.hard-working---lazy
5.nervous-more nervous
6.envelope-an envelope
7.semester-term
8.luck-lucky-luckily-unluckily
9.true/real-untrue/false truth
10.disappointing-disappointed
11.copy-copies-copied 12.own-owner
13.poor-rich 14.village-villager
15.graduate-graduation 16.rural-urban
17.thin-fat/heavy/thick
18.fortunately-luclily-unfunately
19.decide-decision make up one’s mind/make a decision
20.husband-wife
21.domitory-domitories 22.border-borders without borders
23.danger-dangerous 24.eat-ate
二．词组
1.被期望或被要求be supposed to do
2.在、、、方面做得好 do well in
3.身体健康be i n good health
4.成绩单report card
5.克服 get over
6.照料care for
7.看肥皂剧watch soap operas
8.举行惊喜聚会have a surprise party
9.在周五晚上 on Friday night
10.生某人的气 be mad at sb
11.令人兴奋的一周 an exciting week
12.把答案给、、、give the answer to
13.传递信息给某人 pass on the message to sb
14.致力于 work on
15.在公共汽车站 at the bus stop
16.紧张 get nervous
17.一个令人失望的结果 a disappointing result
18.学期末考试 end-of-year exams
19.首先 first of all
20.在、、、方面感到很困难 have a hard time with sth(doing
sth)
21.抄别人的作业copy others’ homework
22.在一个贫穷的山村in a poor mountain village
23.在中国农村地区in China’s rural areas
24.海拔2000米以上2000 meters above sea level
25.同意某人的决定agree with one’s decision
26.开阔眼界open up one’s eyes
27.返回某地 return to
28.两者都both……and
29.作为一个数学老师 work as a math teacher
30.面临危险 in danger
31.做某事感到很吃惊 be surprised to do
32.养成一个坏习惯 start a bad habit
33.大吵一架 have a big fight with sb
34.不再not….any more
35.决定做某事make a decision to do /(decide
to do)
36.for now 暂时
37.do her own work 做她自已的工作
38.the meaning of the word 这个单词的意思
39.sound like fun to you 对你来说听起来很有趣
40.on a one-year program一个为期一年的计划
41.experience different things经历不同的事情
42.in school domitories在学校的寝室
43.go to senior high school 上高中。