跳眼法（Eyejumpmethod）

跳眼法（Eye jump method）
The main part of the artillery is eye jumping
Several simple methods for measuring distance of target from unarmed observation
I. visual inspection
Visual inspection is a common method of easy ranging. The use of visual measurement, due to weather, light, angle, as well as observation of the object color and size and other factors, it will cause visual error. In the visual should pay attention to some factors will cause the target to appear recently (and is far) 1.: sunny weather, sun target (or person downsun, object direction observation) is nearly 2.; from low to high, nearly 3. objects appear; the same distance, large and obvious (or independent). The object is open or close; observe the septal surface, gully and valley, the object is near. In general, we use comparative and judgment methods in visual measurement.
1, comparative law: the comparative law is to compare the distance between a given distance and a known distance. If the measuring distance is too long, the distance to be measured can be divided into several segments, segmented and compared, and then the total length is calculated. Usually available comparisons are wire poles, houses, driveways (single lane, double lane, and four lane).
2, judgment: judgment is based on the clarity of the target to determine the distance. Below I to 5, according to the military vision in fine weather, no dust under the condition of the
target clarity as follows:
100 meters: facial features, hand joints, infantry, firearms, external parts visible.
150-170 meters: the buttons of the clothes, the shell of the water, the tiny parts of the equipment can be seen. 200 meters: the leaves, the barbed wire, the roof tiles visible.
250 - 300 meters: facial features is not clear but the clothes color can be divided into walls, visible seam, Vaco count ditch.
400 meters: face is not clear and visible.
500 meters: head shoulder is not clear, men and women can be divided. The door is not open or closed, the window visible lattice, tile gap is not clear.
700 meters: pedestrian legs can be divided into left and right elbow, confused, tile silk.
1000 meters: the human body up and down is generally thick, the house outline is clear, the door becomes a square, the tile is disorderly.
1500 meters: pedestrian like peristalsis, action is not clear, the tile surface flat, window hole, trunk and visible pole.
2000 meters: people into small black spots, action is not clear, the window is a dark door into a hole.
Two, step
Is the distance to stride to stride. The utility model is suitable for the standing point and the measuring point to be straight through. Field measurements are usually carried out in units (usually 1.72 or so people, whose complex steps are about 1.5 meters). Every step sizes are different, so to require constant practice, grasp their average stride. I don't think everyone knows the result of the measurement. To pay attention to the following points:
1, when traveling, to be measured at the end of the line in advance.
2, marching steps should be uniform.
3, when there are ups and downs of the ground, it is necessary to properly adjust the pace, to prevent excessive deviation.
Three, similar triangle method ranging
The similar triangle method is used to measure river width or other terrain that is inconvenient to pass. For example, the distance from standing point A to measuring B is measured as follows (azimuth reference diagram):
The subject related pictures are as follows:
1. select a good B point at the A point (such as width of the river, B points on the other side, and the choice of B points, preferably independent trees or independent stones or other
visible protrusions)
2. turn right at 90 degrees,
Step out to C points, C points in a stone or a tree to mark plug.
3. continue to the D point (if the terrain allows, the DC length is equal to AC long. If the conditions are not allowed, the AC should also be as long as the DC multiples
4. by D and 90 degrees to the right, forward, and keep watching BC, stop the line to the BC extension line point E. At this point, the length of AB is AC, multiply DE, and then delete DC (if AC is equal to DC, then the length of DE is AB long. If the AC length is a full multiple of DC, then DE is multiplied by this multiple, that is, AB long
Four. Use arm length measurements
Advance in pencil (or straight objects), with his long arm one percent as a unit, carved arm ruler and marked with number. For example, your arm length is 65CM, and the ruler is divided into 6.5MM. Measurements have two kinds of known and unknown pairs of target intervals / lengths (or heights).
1, the target interval / length (or height) known for distance (known as the pole spacing of 50 meters, when measuring attention arm length ruler and parallel wires) are measured, with hand foot, arms straight forward (note not to twist the two shoulder to shoulder, and the target level) of the target. One end of a foot 0 scale, the other end of the readout partition
number (preferably with one eye sight, his eyes do not cross jump) can be calculated, and then the distance = interval (or height) measured by *100 to remove the partition number.
2, the distance to the target / length (or height) unknown distance
The distance between the unknown target of the target interval / length (or height) is determined by the number of the target and the distance between the two points at the front and the back two points. Distance = forward (or backward) distance * small division divided by (large division small Division) formula to get the target distance.
Measure BC point distance, find two obvious independent items at C point line, D and E respectively. At B, measured DE between two points, "arm length" for "big sub row", and then back a few meters (such as twenty or thirty meters) to A points, and then measured DE, between two points, "arm length" for "small division"". Now the distance and size of the back of the division have been derived, and on the formula you can learn the BC distance.
Five, jump eye method
Jump eye method is a method of estimating the width of field by jumping. According to the distance between the two pupils, about 1/10 of the length of the arm, the width of the field object is multiplied by 10, that is, the distance from the standing point to the target. The measurement method is: the arm straight forward, thumbs up, close the left eye, right eye
sight along the side of the thumb at the target (reference point), on the left side of the head and hands remained motionless, then closed the right eye, left eye sight through the thumb on the same side, and remember the sight alignment field of a point, then the left visual targets (reference point) to the bit width, the width multiplied by 10 is the standing point of the distance to the target.
The method of measuring distance with the fingers and eyes is called "jump eye", which is an estimate by estimating the field width of the eye. According to the distance between the two pupils, about 1/10 of the length of the arm, the width of the field object is multiplied by 10, that is, the distance from the standing point to the target. The measurement method is: arm forward, thumb up, close the left eye, so that the right eye line of sight along the thumb side on the left side of the target (reference point), the head and hand remain motionless, and then close the right eye,
The left eye sight through the thumb on the same side, and remember the sight alignment field of a point, then the visual target (reference point) to the left of the bit width, the width multiplied by 10 is the standing point of the distance to the target. This method can be used to estimate the big error.。