2020-2021学年天津市第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年天津市第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Our Teen Summer Spanish Program is two weeks of fun, educational excitement that helps students learn Spanish fast. Our Spanish summer program allows our students to learn from highly trained, certified teachers and be absorbed in the language and theculture of Costa Rica.
Features include:
* Intensive(强化的) daily Spanish classes
* Extracurricular classes in dance, cooking, music, and handiwork
* Outdoor activities including hiking, camping, rafting, and ziplining(高空滑索)
* Homestay with a local Costa Rican family
* Volunteer work in needy neighborhoods
Our Teaching Methods:
We are proud to use TPRS---Total Physical Response Storytelling---in our curriculum. This innovative method uses strange and amusing stories to teach new vocabulary, increase fluency, and get students involved by giving them the opportunity to alter the details themselves. Because of the silliness, creativity, and repetition involved, TPRS allows students to learn easily and remember information effortlessly
Memorizing vocabulary and listening to lectures on grammar are slow, inefficient ways to learn a new language. The best way to truly learn and commit new material to memory is through conversation. In our Spanish classes, students can expect to speak up to 80% of each class. By speaking in the new language freely and consistently, students can see progress faster because they are using the new grammar and vocabulary that they have learned at the same time. This helps the brain remember the new words and grammar structures for future use, making it much easier to progress.
1.What does the program do?
A.It offers weekly Spanish classes
B.It focuses more on outdoor activities
C.It gives teachers a chance to receive training
D.It provides activities about the Spanish culture
2.What is the best way to learn a language according to the text?
A.Memorizing a larger vocabulary
B.Speaking more in the new language.
C.Mastering more grammar structures
D.Writing stories to share with others
3.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To employexperienced Spanish teacher
B.To hire foreign volunteers for a program
C.To attract teen foreigners to a program
D.To introduce language learning methods
B
Blood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored by freezing for up to six weeks. “Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where freezing may not be available, that can also be a challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.”
“Thedisruptionsto regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and the pandemic emphasizes the need for more reliable long-term storage methods.” UniversityofLouisvillebioengineer Jonathan Kopechek said.
Kopechek’s team has developeda method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated state at room temperature. They turned to an unusual preservative: a sugar called trehalose（海藻糖）, which is a common ingredient in donuts... to help make them look fresh even when they mightbe months old, and you wouldn’t know the difference.
The researchers chose trehalose because, in nature, it’s made by hardy animals like tardigrades and sea monkeys—aka brine shrimp—famous for their ability to survive dehydration.
So these animals can dry out completely for a long period of time and then be rehydrated and resume normal function. First, the researchers had to get trehalose into blood cells. They used ultrasound（超声波）to drill temporary holes in the cell membranes—which let some trehalose get in. And they need to have sufficient levels of trehalose on both the inside and the outside of the cell in order to survive the dehydration and rehydration process. At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder. And then we can rehydrate the blood and have it return back to normal.
“The technique could be ready for clinical test in three to five years. If successful, it could be used to create
stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters. Maybe medicine bag on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells.” Kopechek said.
4. Why do people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs?
A. Because blood donations aren’t popular.
B. Because the blood needs can’t be met.
C. Because blood storage by freezing has time limit.
D. Because blood freezing is a challenge in many places.
5. What does the underlined word “disruptions” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. pause
B. damage
C. end
D. distribution
6. According to the research of Kopechek’s team, what can we learn about?
A. Blood can be preserved in a dehydrated state by freezing.
B. Trehalose is only made by hardy animals like tardigrades.
C. Trehalose can help make donuts look fresh for a long time.
D. The technique of blood dehydration has been applied in clinical test.
7. How did trehalose get into blood cell?
A. By the process of dehydration and rehydration.
B. By being dried and made into a power.
C. By rehydrating the blood returning back to normal.
D. By the temporary holes drilled by ultrasound.
C
When you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.
Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven
billion trees — for a decade.
The results are in the Transportation Research Record.
As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).
This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.
8. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?
A. To present a fact.
B. To make a contrast.
C. To explain a rule.
D. To share an experience.
9. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?
A. Hardening the road.
B. Keeping oil in the ground.
C. Growing trees for decades.
D. Improving the transportation.
10. What is the advantage of this suggestion?
A. Gaining more support.
B. Consuming less money.
C. Involving more people.
D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.
11. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?
A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.
B. Those agencies will change some related policies.
C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.
D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.
D
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We
have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.
“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.
“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.
12. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.
A. the passenger was traveling alone
B. the plane was in a dangerous situation
C. the passenger asked for something suddenly
D. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger
13. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?
A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.
B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.
C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.
D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.
14. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?
A. Kind and caring.
B. Warm-hearted and brave.
C. careful and calm.
D. opened-minded and confident.
15. The passage is mainly written to ________.
A. tell a touching story of an amazing girl
B. show the great importance of American Body Language
C. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomly
D. show how kind the flight attendant was to help Cook
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Adjusting to a new job can be a fearful challenge. You'll meet new people and do new work in the new place. Here are some steps to make the process smoother.
Get the facts.
It's ly fine to askquestions ahead of time. Depending on your organization, you can ask the Human Resources representative or your supervisor any questions.___16___Find out about your work schedule, the hours per week you are expected to work, salary, benefits, and any information you need to successfully come on board.
Check on the company's social media policy.
Some companies don't care about employee's posting on Facebook, Twitter, or other social media sites during working hours.___17___Find out what is acceptable before you start posting.
Be nice.
Being nice goes a long way, too. People like nice people, and if you're nice to everyone you're going to get ahead. Remember that some of the people at the bottom know more about the inner workings than those at the top.___18___
Don't be afraid to ask for advice.
___19___Your employer would prefer that you ask. That's easier than having to fix a mistake. You won't be expected to know everything, and it's better to ask for help than to guess.
Try not to stress too much.
Think of your new job as the next exciting step in your career path. Don't expect to learn everything at once. It's all new to you, and it will take time.___20___Try to turn that into new energy and initiative that will make you stand out among your new colleagues.
A. Nobody likesaknow-it-all.
B. Others have policies that forbid it.
C. Good relationship can help you relieve the nervousness.
D. Yes, you are new, but you also bring a fresh viewpoint.
E. That's why being nice to everyone you meet is important.
F. There is no such thing as a stupid question when you're starting a job.
G. If you're not sure who to ask, check with the person who offered you the job.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Tonnie, a 12-year-old boy, was walking alone on the street. It was 10 pm. What caused Tonnie to run away from home was that his mom asked him about his low grades in the recent____21____. Tonnie had a careless attitude and didn’t____22____in a nice way. She scolded him, but Tonnie quarreled with her without____23____he was at fault. The____24____ended so bad that Tonnie left their____25____in a storm with his eyes filled with tears.
He walked for more than two hours, tired and hungry. Suddenly, he was____26____by a sweet smell from a small noodle shop.
He realized there was not even a coin in his pocket. With a____27____face, he decided to____28____. However, the shop owner saw him and asked him to stay for some food.
Tonnie explained he had no____29____, but the shop owner smiled and said he wouldn't_____30_____him for any. He prepared a hot bowl of delicious noodles for Tonnie. Tonnie_____31_____him from his heart and promised him that he would return his_____32_____.
Tonnie was in tears when he ate the noodles. The shop owner asked Tonnie what had happened, Tonnie told him about the quarrel with his mother.
The shop owner asked Tonnie. ''Do you feel you_____33_____me something? ''
Tonnie said, ''Yes. Of course! This is a great_____34_____. You know I was very_____35_____as I ate nothing from the noon! ''
The shop owner smiled, ''Good my dear! Now think about your mom. She cooked for you. She washed your clothes. She_____36_____you with all her heart. She was always there for you when you needed her. And she_____37_____quarreled with you just for your own good. Don’t you feel you owe a lot to her? '' Tonnie realized his_____38_____. He thanked the shop owner and rushed to his home. He saw his mother searching for him on the street with tears in her eyes. He felt very_____39_____and hugged her, begging her_____40_____.
21. A. creation B. exam C. judgment D. questionnaire
22. A. answer B. greet C. complain D. explode
23. A. insisting B. explaining C. forecasting D. understanding
24. A. quarrel B. class C. prayer D. conference
25. A. restaurant B. school C. house D. hotel
26. A. affected B. attracted C. surprised D. terrified
27. A. curious B. neat C. strange D. sad
28. A. quit B. enquire C. order D. stay
29. A. right B. time C. food D. cash
30. A. bring B. find C. ask D. select
31. A. praised B. appreciated C. stimulated D. congratulated
32. A. loss B. friendship C. patience D. kindness
33. A. offer B. award C. owe D. pay
34. A. pity B. help C. deal D. problem
35. A. starving B. confused C. contradictory D. content
36. A. took hold of B. kept up with C. took care of D. looked forward to
37. A. almost B. even C. still D. never
38. A. importance B. dream C. transformation D. fault
39. A. regretful B. embarrassed C. excited D. helpless
40. A. permission B. support C. forgiveness D. apology
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The dynasty following Sui is the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Its first emperor (皇帝)was____41.____officer of Sui. He and the other rulers of Tang learned from the___42.___(fail) of Sui and ruled their country in the opposite way. They held a___43.___(good) attitude towards the people and the neighboring countries than before. This could be shown by thousands of poems of different styles___44.___(write) during this period of time. The 200 years after Tang was again a time of division called the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907-960). It was named___45.___the five dynasties in the north and the ten kingdoms in the south. This period of time___46.___(end) by the Song Dynasty (960-1279). However, Song was very weak in power and was always
invaded by its___47.___(neighbor). It was____48.____(final) replaced by the Yuan Dynasty (1206-1368) founded by the Mongolians. Yuan was the first period of time___49.___the whole China was ruled by the minority. The Mongolians used all kinds of measures______50.______(control) the whole country, but still failed in the end.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Sun Yang is known for a famous Chinese swimmer. Born in 1991, he is 1.98 meters in height and 89 kilos in weight. As swimmer, he always trains hardly. That’s why he could win two gold medal in the 2012 London Olympics, which were a great honor for our country. Although he once makes mistakes in the view of the public, but in the 2013 World Swimming Championships he made amazed achievements. Sun Yang is very brilliant that he has many fans. We should be pleased to take her as our role model.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow (乌鸦) landed on their window.
The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.” After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I told you just now. It’s a crow.”
After a little while, the father asked his son the same question for the third time, “What is this?”
At this time, some expression of anger was felt in the son’s tone when he said to his father. “It’s a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son for the fourth time, “What is this?”
This time his son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again although I have told you so many times ‘IT IS A CROW’? Are you not able to understand this?”
A minute later the father went to his room and came back with a diary, which he had kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page:
Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow suddenly landed on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I didn’t at all feel angry, but instead felt affection for my innocent son. Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the son was filled with tears and began to reflect on the days when he used to sit together with his father.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D
12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. D
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. an 42. failure
43. better 44. written
45. after 46. was ended
47. neighbors
48. finally
49. when 50. to control
51.(1). for→as；
(2).在swimmer前加a；
(3).hardly→hard；
(4).medal→medals；
(5).were→was；
(6).makes→made；
(7).去掉but；
(8).amazed→amazing；
(9).very→so；
(10).her→him。

52.略。