13周 打印稿 虚拟语气9页(1)

第一部分虚拟语气的形式第一部分导论表示虚拟语气的方法很多，主要通过时态呼应来表示。

其形式有：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气、用It is....that句型表示虚拟语气、用介词短语或者复合连词引导虚拟语气、用wish句型表示虚拟语气、用某些动词引导虚拟语气、用as if 等表示虚拟语气、用情态动词组合表示虚拟语气，及其他虚拟语气的表达形式。

一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气1. If there were no gravity, _______air around the earth.A. there would not beB. there would be notC. there had been noD. there would be no2. If we did not have atmospheric pressure, we __ automobile fires.A. would have notB. had been noC. could not haveD. will not have3. If the bearings _______ properly, they would be rapidly overheated.A. had not been lubricatedB. would not be lubricatedC. were not lubricatedD. be not lubricated4. _______ not for television, we could not see things happening in other places at the moment they are happening.A. Was thereB. Were thereC. Was itD. Were it5. _______,he would help us to solve these problems.A. Had he timeB. Did he have timeC. Had time if beD. Had he had time二过去事实相反的虚拟语气1. Tom would have gone to New York _______to get a plane reservation.A. if he would be ableB. if he were able toC. if he had been ableD. if he was able to2. One investigation showed that forty percent of those killed in auto accidents __if they had been wearing seat belts.A. would have been savedB. could have been savedC. should have been savedD. might have been saved3. _______,I would never have managed to fulfill the task ahead of time.A. Had it not been for your helpB. If it were not for your helpC. If it has not been for your helpD. Were it not for your help4. "The president made a brilliant decision, didn't he?""Yes, he did. I don't know what I'd have done. _______to make that decision."A. would I haveB. have I hadC. had I hadD. did I have5. "Why didn't Tom give you one of his paintings?""I didn't want one, but he would have given me one if I really __A. didB. wouldC. wereD. had三与将来事实相反的虚拟语气1. If the waters of the ocean __ moved away, the sea floor with its wide valleys, un-even mountains and submarine rivers would be an unbelievable sight.A. was able toB. were able toC. could beD. would be2. If he _______this test, he might do it in some other way.A. had doneB. should doC. would have doneD. were to do3. _______today, he would get there by Friday.A. Were he leavingB. Would he leaveC. If he leavesD. If he had left4. _______made to work in this way, it would increase its efficiency by 100%.A. Were the engine to beB. If the engine would beC. Was the engine beD. If the engine was5. If he should come tomorrow, he __help us to see into the matter.A. willB. shouldC. canD. could四用It is...that 句型表示虚拟语气1. It was essential that all the necessary documents_______ to the president's office before the end of this month.A. be handed inB. must be handed inC. should hand inD. had been handed in2. It is appropriate that more time _______to thorough study of the scheme.A. should have been devotedB. ought to be devotedC. must be devotedD. be devoted3. It's important that a student _______ that the number on a card specifies the location of the book in the library.A. understandB. understandsC. understoodD. had understood4. It is imperative that your signature ___ on your identification card.A. had to appearB. appearedC. appearsD. appear5. It's highly desirable that a new general manager __ for this company.A. is appointedB. be appointedC. will be appointedD. would be appointed6. It seems so unfair that this ______happen to me all the time.A. doesB. /C. shouldD. would五用介词短语或者复合连词引导虚拟语气1. But for the help he gave me, I __ my task ahead of time.A. had not completedB. could not completeC. would not have completedD. completed2. He ______in it but that he saw it himself.A. could not believeB. could not have believedC. had already believedD. were believing3. Without trees, our entire world __ a much drier place.A. had beenB. wereC. would beD. is to be4. In the absence of friction, belts __ in conveying goods from one machine to another.A. won't be usedB. were not usedC. had not been usedD. could not be used5. He has been working hard for fear that____.A. he fell behindB. he would fall behindC. he should fall behindD. he had fallen behind6. The mother put the medicine high on the shelf lest the little boy __ it.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. will take7. Supposing that she doesn't come, __ we do?A. what shallB. what shouldC. what wouldD. what will六用wish句型表示虚拟语气1. I wish that the weather _______ not so hot.A. wasB. wereC. beD. had been2. We wish that you ______such a lot of work, because we know that you would have enjoyed the party.A. would not haveB. wouldn't have hadC. did not haveD. had not had3. We wish you _____your mind before leaving tomorrow.A. could changeB. changedC. had changedD. would have changed4. Marry wishes that she __ her father last night.A. had metB. would have metC. could meetD. met5. My grade on the final examination is terrible; I wish I __ a new plan more thoroughly.A. had studied outB. studied outC. would have studied outD. could study out七用某些动词引导虚拟语气.txt1. He insisted that she _____the umbrella for it's raining hard outside.A. takesB. takeC. must takeD. is taking2. The housemaster was strict. He requested that we __ television on week nights.A. did not watchB. not watchC. must not watchD. would watch no3. I demand either of you __ back to take an umbrella for fear that you should be caught in the rain.A. hurryB. will hurryC. hurriesD. hurried4. The general manager recommends that we ____ as patient as possible whatever the consumes of this kind complain of.A. beB. amC. wereD. shall be5. The law requires that every car ___ at least once a year.A. will be checkedB. be checkedC. must be checkedD. ought to be checked6. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 1l o'clock at night.A. not be playedB. did not playC. were not playedD. do not play7. We were surprised that he _____this method of killing time.A. choosesB. choseC. would chooseD. should choose8. It was proposed that the matter __ related in detail at the next lecture.A. will beB. would beC. had to beD. should be9. The professor gave orders that the test __ before 5:30.A. will have been finishedB. be finishedC. will be finishedD. should have been finished10. Everyone agreed to his suggestion that another bridge __ built across the river.A. wasB. had beenC. beD. would be11. May I beg that you ______ any decision in this matter until I negotiate with you?A. don't makeB. not makeC. won't makeD. haven't made12. We are rejoiced that our predictions __ so accurate.A. areB. wereC. should beD. will be八用as if. as though. even if 和even though 引导虚拟语气.1. The molecules of a gas behave as though they __ perfectly elastic bodies.A. had beenB. beC. wereD. would be2. This device operates as if______A. it was repairedB. it had been repairedC. it would be repairedD. it should have been repaired3. ______they had dropped from the air, scores of ants began to materialize on the sandwich I had placed beside me.A. As ifB. Only ifC. Even ifD. What if4. Heat can flow from a hot body to a cooler body as if it __ a fluid.A. wasB. wereC. isD. will be5. Even though I were starving, I __ a favors of him.A. would not askB. were not askingC. had not been askingD. did not ask6. I didn't know this Picasso Exhibition was closed, but I wouldn't have been able to come even if _____ about it.A. I knewB. I had knownC. I would knowD. I have been knowing九,用情态动词组合表示虚拟语气.(一) can/could + have + Ved1.The English of this composition is too good; she __ it herself.A. can't have writtenB. shouldn't have writtenC. night not have writtenD. mustn't have been written2. Joseph __ it upstairs this morning for he went to Italy yesterday.A. won't have takenB. can't have takenC. may not have takenD. didn't take3. We __ what the neighbors said because of the noise from the sea.A. might not have heardB. may not have heardC. mustn't have heardD. couldn't have heard4. Judging from what you said, he __ this work still better.A. could have doneB. might have doneC. must have doneD. may have done5. Nearly half a million of the death in Europe between 1980 and 1984 __ avoided.A. should have beenB. could have beenC. ought to have beenD. might have been(二) may/m/ght + have +Ved1. He promised to come at five o'clock, but it is already half past five. He __ the train.A. must have missedB. might have missedC. may have missedD. should have missed2. "Whatever has happened to Brown?""I don't know. He _____lost."A. can haveB. might haveC. may haveD. must have3. She ______ill quite suddenly otherwise she would come anyway.A. must have beenB. could have beenC. should have beenD. might have been4. I __ come to a wrong conclusion thus making her so angry.A. could haveB. should haveC. might haveD. must have5. Nobody asked you to overwork like that. You__ it.A. needn't doB. ought not to doC. might not have doneD. must not have done( 三) should/ought to + have +Ved1 told him how to get there but perhaps I _____ him a map.A. should have givenB. must have givenC. might have givenD. could have given2. With all his work on hand. she _____to the dance party last night.A. mustn't have goneB. shouldn't have goneC. couldn't have goneD. might not have gone3. I'm sorry I couldn't get in touch with him before he left. I______ him earlier. A, might have phoned B. could have phonedC. ought to have phonedD. must have phoned4. You __ taken away his dictionary without getting his permission.A. may not haveB. ought not to haveC. need not haveD. can't have5. The patient is beyond remedy. He __to the hospital earlier.A. should have sentB. must have been sentC. ought to have been sentD. could have been sent(四) must/needn't + have +Ved1. My wallet is nowhere to be found. I __ when I was on the bus.A. might have dropped itB. must have dropped itC. should have dropped itD. could have dropped it2. John __ this morning, since he didn't answer the phone.A. might have gene outB. should have gene outC. must have gone outD. could have gone out3. You __ the class to tell me that; you could have come up to me afterwards.A. needn't have interruptedB. couldn't have interruptedC. mustn't have interruptedD. might not have interrupted4. __ me up so early, Mom. I don't have to go to work today.A. You might not have wokenB. You needn't have wokenC. You must not have wokenD. You wouldn't have woken十其他形式的虚拟语气1. If only I __ ten years younger.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be2. If only Peter _____the police, everything would have been all right.A. won't tellB. had not toldC. didn't tellD. would not have told3. She was thankful that he'd had her baby taken into the hospital; otherwise, she thought, the baby___A. had diedB. would have diedC. might have diedD. has died4. When the enemy shot at him, he didn't raise his head, otherwise he_____A. was killedB. had been killedC. would have been killedD. ought to have been killed5. I'd rather you_____ anything about it for the time being.A. didn't doB. hadn't doneC. won't doD. do6. It is time the nations of the world _____ a hall to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.A. would callB. callC. calledD. will call7. I could go myself but 1 would rather you ______A. goB. had goneC. would goD. went8. May I beg you _______any decision in this matter until I see you again?A. won't make B: didn't make C. not make D. hadn't mad9. How strange it is that you _______anything about it!A. didn't hear 'B. hadn't heardC. wouldn't have heardD. shouldn't have heard第二部分虚拟语气的综合练习1. It was decided that the matter __ referred to a special committee.A. wasB. isC. beD. had been2. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I __ the book from which it was made.A. reedB. had readC. would reedD. have read3. It's high time somebody _______his tongue.A. holdsB. holdC. heldD. could hold4. The traffic was very heavy, otherwise, I __ here 50 minutes, sooner.A. must have beenB. may have beenC. should have beenD. would have been5. I'm sorry Ann didn't want to go to the picnic. __willing to go, we would have paid all her expenses.A. is sheB. Would she beC. Were sheD. Had she been6. But for your coming I ____lonely.A. could have beenB. might have beenC. ought to have beenD. must have been7. Without the leadership of the Communist Party of China we __ hopeless and helpless.A. wereB. had beenC. would beD. are8. You sound as though you _____my meaning.A. were catchingB. caughtC. had caughtD. will catch二虚拟语气的综合填充1. It is desirable that the test of theoretical physics _______before you select the course of applied physics. (conduct)2. I enjoy the movie very much. I wish I __ the book from which it was made. (read)3. Her employer demanded that she ____to work as quickly as possible. (come)4. The paper, which ______on my desk by 12 o'clock, has not been handed in yet. (be)5. He didn't turn up at yesterday's party; otherwise I __ him.(see)6. It's high time our artists and writers ______more works reflecting the present reform.( create )7. I suggest that you ______any hasty decision in this matter, for it will do no good to you. ( make )8. I remember the whole thing as vividly as if it __ today. (be)9. But for the solar energy, nothing __. (bye)10. Prior to our conference, the executive director had requested that everyone ____ well prepared. (be)三虚拟语气的翻译练习1. 如果没有他的及时帮助, we should have already failed.2. Mary suggested 我们去工业展览会all together tomorrow morning.3. Your remarks were considered rather offensive. You really 不应该那样与他说话.4. It's demanded that the application forms; 在最后限期前交上来.5. "What are you going to do after graduation?""I haven't thought about it. But 该做出决定了"6. Were it not for television, 我们就看不到things happening in other places at the moment.7. 要是我吃了些aspirins的话, I should be able to get rid of this awful headache.8. He felt 仿佛不需要more time to prepare for his test.9. 如果没有她的忠告, we would have passed up the chance.10. 要是我看过这些词汇的话at the back of the textbook before I took the English test.11. I'd rather 你与她说话不会粗鲁.12. 要不是医生采取了紧急措施,the child could have died.。