新东方考研英语金牌资料完型填空(第二部分)

第二部分完型填空全真模拟（Passages 1-8)大纲样题Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not 31 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 32 . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 33 solutions.34 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very 35 . It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 36 workers are needed to37 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained, 38 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 39 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 40 vocational and professional training.41 , just to begin training, the students must 42 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 43 do not return home.All nations agree that science and technology 44 be shared. The point is; countries 45 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully46 the costs, because many of these costs are47 . Students from these nations should 48 the problems of the industrialized countries closely. 49 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 50 the benefits.31. A) generate B) raise C) produce D) manufacture32. A) answered B) met C) calculated D) remembered33. A) for B) without C) as D) about34. A) Moreover B) Therefore C)Anyway D) However35. A) expensive B) mechanical C) flourishing D) complicated36. A) gifted B) skilled C) trained D) versatile37. A) keep B) maintain C) retain D) protect38. A) since B) so C) and D) yet39. A) charge B) price C) cost D) value40. A) accept B) gain C) receive D) absorb41. A) Frequently B) Incidentally C) Deliberately D) Eventually42. A) soon B) quickly C)D) firstimmiediately43. A) some B) others C) several D) few44. A) might B) should C) would D) will45. A) adopting B) conducting C) receiving D) adjusting46. A) to B) at C) on D) about47. A) opaque B) secret C) sealed D) hidden48. A) tackle B) learn C) study D) manipulate49. A) In B) Through C) With D) Under50. A) except B) nor C) or D) butPassage 1Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In the 21 he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and there are few things 22 he stands in more fear than of the 23 of noise. Even his conversation is 24 a desperate attempt to prevent a dreadful silence. If he is introduced to a fellow mortal and a number of 25 occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of 26 of the emptiest-headed chatterbox. He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means 27 the buzzing of a fly, but he longs to join in the buzz and to prove that he is man and not a wax-work 28 . The object of conversation is not, 29 the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to 30 the buzzing sound. Most buzzing, 31 , is agreeable tothe ear, and some of it is agreeable even to the 32 .He would be a foolish man, however, 33 waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors. Those who 34 the weather as a conversational opening seem to be 35 of the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation 36 the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are 37 if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears, though they have nothing to tell them 38 they have seen a new play. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing at immense 39 , they justly 40 themselves on their success asconversationalists.21. [A] intervention [B] interval [C] eclipse [D] meantime22. [A] of which [B] in which [C] with which [D] by which23. [A] presence [B] abundance [C] existence [D] absence24. [A] in greatmeasure[B] in brief [C] all in all [D] at least25. [A] hesitations [B] delays [C]interruptions[D] pauses26. [A] admiration [B]envy [C]amazement[D] revenge27. [A] more than [B] no lessthan [C] ratherthan[D] no morethan28. [A] character [B] figure [C] role [D] personality29. [A] for [B] in [C] at [D] on30. [A] carry out [B] pick up [C]speed up [D] keep up31. [A] particularly [B]unfortunately [C]fortunately.[D] utterly32. [A] mind [B] mentality [C]intelligence[D] wit33. [A] who [B] when [C] if [D] which34. [A] dispose [B] dispatch [C] dismiss [D] despise35. [A] ignorant [B] negligible [C] obscure [D]inconspicuous36. [A] at [B] against [C] with [D] in37. [A]disgusted [B] content [C] disgraced [D] discouraged38. [A] in that [B] so that [C] such that [D] except that39. [A] length [B] expanse [C] stretch [D] span40. [A] prey [B] model [C] respect [D] pridePassage 2Recent legal research indicated that incorrect identification is a major factor in many miscarriages (失败) of justices. It also suggests that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as 21 as commonly believed. Recent studies do not support the 22 of faith judges, jurors, lawyers and the police have in eyewitness evidence.The Law Commission recently published an educational paper, "T otal Recall? The Reliability of Witness 23 ", as a companion guide to a proposed code of evidence. The paper finds that commonly held 24 about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. But while human memory is 25 change, it should not be underestimated.In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries 26 its Feliability. Thepaper points out that memory is complex, and reliability of any person's recall must be assessed 27 .Both common sense and research say memory 28 over time. The accuracy of recall and recognition are 29 their best immediately 30 encoding the information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere 31 the original memory, which reduces 32 .The paper says 33 interviews or media reports can create such 34 . "People are particularly susceptible to having their memories 35 when the passage of time allows the original memory to 36 , and will be most susceptible if they repeat the 37 as fact."Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then 38 it to produce something 39 than what was experienced, significantly reducing the reliability, of their memory of an event or offender, "Further, witnesses may strongly believe in their memories, even though aspects of those memories are 40 false."21. [A] trustful [B] reliable [C] innocent [D]considerable 22. [A] rate [B] degree [C] extent [D] scale23. [A] Manifestation [B] Declaration [C]Presentation[D] Testimony24. [A] perceptions [B] acceptances [C]permissions[D] receptions25. [A] subject to [B] liable for [C] incapableof [D] attributable to26. [A] assess [B] appreciate [C] calculate [D] speculate27. [A] interactively [B]comparatively [C]horizontally[D] individually28. [A] descends [B] declines [C] inclines[D] degrades29. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D] upon30. [A] before [B] after [C] when [D] until31. [A] with [B] in [C] at [D] on32. [A] appropriacy [B] accuracy [C]originality [D] justice33. [A] consequent [B] successive [C]subsequent[D] preceding34. [A] distortions [B]deformations [C]malfunctions[D]malformations35. [A] altered [B] transformed [C] converted [D] modified36. [A] fade [B] diminish [C] lessen [D] dwell37. [A] misinformation [B]mistreatment [C]misguidance[D]misjudgement38. [A] associate [B] connect [C] link [D] integrate39. [A] other [B] rather [C] more [D] less40. [A] invariably [B] constantly [C] justifiably [D] verifiablyPassage 3Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of 21 , crime, poverty and moral 22 . Their distrust was caused 23 , by a national ideology that, 24 farming the greatest occupation and rural living , 25 to urban living. This attitude 26 even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential 27 of thenational landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands 28 the precarious(不稳定的）life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people 29 from the country-side, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were 30 with great problems. eagerly 31 the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the 32 of the city.One of many reforms came 33 the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by 34 governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would 35 exorbitant(过度的）rate for these essential services and 36 them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by 37 the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. 38 of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would 39 widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a 40 price.21. [A] eruption [B] corruption [C]interruption [D] provocation22. [A] disgrace [B] deterioration [C] dishonor [D]degradation23. [A] by origin [B] in part[C] at all [D] at random24. [A] proclaimed [B] exclaimed [C] claimed [D] reclaimed25. [A] superb [B] super [C]exceptional[D] superior26. [A] predominated [B] dominated [C]commanded[D] prevailed27. [A] feature [B] peculiarity [C] quality [D] attribute28. [A] deserted [B] departed [C] abolished [D]abandoned 29. [A] reallocated [B] migrated [C] replaced [D]substituted 30. [A] overwhelmed [B] overflowed [C] overtaken [D]preoccupied31. [A] embraced [B] adopted [C] hugged [D] contained32. [A] chaos [B] chores [C] chorus [D] outbreaks33. [A] at [B] by [C] out [D] in34. [A] public [B] municipal [C] republican [D] national35. [A] charge [B] take [C] cost [D] spend36. [A] distribute [B] deliver [C] transfer [D] transport37. [A] degenerating [B] generating [C]regenerating[D] regulating38. [A] Proponents [B] Opponents [C] Sponsors [D] Rivals39. [A] secure [B] ensure [C] reassure [D] incur40. [A] fair [B] just [C] square [D] objectivePassage 4Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche (灵魂、精神）was superiority. Although 21 he believed that individuals struggled to achieve superiority over others, Adler eventually 22 a more complex definition of the drive for superiority.Adler's concept of striving for superiority does not 23 the everyday meaning of the word superiority. He did not mean that we innately(天生地）seek to 24one another in rank or position, 25 did he mean that we seek to 26 an attitude of exaggerated importance over our peers. 27 , Adler's drive for superiority involves the desire to be competent and effective, complete and thorough, in 28 one strives to do.Striving for superiority occasionally takes the 29 of an exaggerated lust for power An individual may seek to play go and 30 control over objects and people. The goal may introduce a 31 tendency into our lives, in which we play games of " dog eat dog". But such expressions of the desire of the desire for superiority do not 32 its more positive, constructive nature.33 Adler, striving for superiority is innate and is part of the struggle for 34 that human beings share with other species in the process of evolution. From this 35 , life is not 36 by the need to reduce tension or restore 37 , as Sigmund Freud tended to think; 38 , life is encouraged by the desire to move from below to above, from minus to plus, from inferior to superior. The particular ways in which individuals 39 their quest(追求)for superiority are 40 by theirculture, their unique history, and their style of life.21. [A] instinctively [B] initially [C]presumably[D] invariably22. [A] designed [B] devised [C]manipulated[D] developed23 [A] refer to [B] point to [C] complywith [D] stand up for24. [A] surpass [B] overpass [C] overthrow [D] pursue25. [A] or [B] never [C] hardly [D] nor26. [A] retain [B] sustain [C] maintain [D] obtain27. [A]Rather [B] Despite [C] Though [D] Thus28. [A] which [B] that [C] whichever [D] whatever29. [A] form [B] format [C] formation [D] shape30. [A] operate [B] speculate [C] exercise [D] resume31. [A] ambiguous [B] intricate [C] deliberate [D] hostile32. [A] reflect [B] abide [C] glorify [D] project33. [A] According to [B] In terms of [C] Regardlessof[D] In view of34. [A] survivor [B] survival [C] durability [D]consistency 35. [A] respective [B] prospect [C] profile [D]perspective36. [A] motivated [B] animated [C] inspired [D] elevated37. [A] equation [B] equivalent [C]equilibrium[D] equality38. [A] subsequently [B] instead [C]consequently[D] otherwise39. [A] undermines [B] overtakes [C] flings [D]undertakes 40. [A] determined [B] resolved [C]consolidated[D] reinforcedPassage 5Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone 1 making mistakes. It is actually caused by 2 of your "body clock" ---a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological 3 . The body clock is designed for a 4 rhythm ofdaylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it 5 daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The 6 of jetlag often persist for days 7 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.Now a new anti-jetlag system is 8 that is based on proven 9 pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has 10 a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 11 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates 12 of the discomfort of jetlag.A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either 13 or avoids bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 14 light exposure depends a great deal on 15 travel plans.Data on a specific flight itinerary(喷气飞行时差反应)and the individual's sleep 16 are used to produce a Trip Guide with 17 on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.When the Trip Guide calls 18 bright light youshould spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 19 you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light 20 for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.1. [A] from [B] of[C] for [D] to2. [A] eruption [B] disruption[C] rupture [D] corruption3. [A] actions [B] functions[C] behavior [D] reflection4. [A] formal [B] continual[C] regular [D] circular5. [A] experiences [B] possesses[C] encounters [D] retains6. [A] signs [B] defects[C] diseases [D] symptoms7. [A] if [B] whereas[C] while [D] although8. [A] agreeable [B] available[C] adaptable [D] approachable9. [A] extensive [B] tentative[B] broad [D] inclusive10. [A] devised [B] scrutinized[C] visualized [D] recognized11. [A] in [B] as[C] at [D] through12. [A] more [B] little[C] most [D] least13. [A] shed [B] retrieve[C] seek [D] attain14. [A] in [B] for[C] on [D] with15. [A] specific [B] complicated[C] unique [D] peculiar16. [A] mode [B] norm[C] style [D] pattern17. [A] directories [B] commentaries[C] instructions [D] specifications18. [A] up [B] off[C] on [D] for19. [A] or [B] and[C] but [D] while20. [A]spur [B] stimulus[C] agitation [D] accelerationPassage 6Our ape-men forefathers had 1 obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 2 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws 3 an impressive "small-fire" weaponry. They could not even defend themselves 4 running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the apemen had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been 5 to failure and extinction. But they were 6 with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors.In the search 7 the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had 8 efficient stereosoopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far 9 the reach of the original inhabitants of thegrassland. Good long-distance sight was 10 another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the 11 the range of sight--so 12 they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, how ever, this simplesolution was not 13 .Climbing a hill would have helped, 14 in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men 15 the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk 16 .This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower 17 .18 , they persevered and their bone structure gradually be came 19 to the new, unstable position that 20 them the name Homo erectus, upright man.1. [A] no [B] some[C] few [D] many2. [A] match [B] compare[C] rival [D] equal3. [A] became [B] equipped[C] posed [D] provided4. [A] in [B] upon[C] by [D] with5. [A] driven [B] doomed[C] forced [D] led6. [A] bestowed [B] given[C] presented [D] endowed7. [A] for [B] of[C] on [D] at8. [A] progressed [B] generated[C] developed [D] advanced9. [A] from [B] apart[C] beyond [D] above10. [A] rather [B] quite[C] much [D] really11. [A] greater [B] smaller[C] farther [D] nearer12. [A] anything [B] that[C] everything [D] all13. [A] available [B] enough[C] sufficient [D] convenient14. [A] when [B] but[C] so [D] and15. [A] chose [B] adopted[C] accepted [D] took16. [A] fast [B] upright[C] steadily [D] awkwardly17. [A] as well [B] further[C] still [D] even18. [A] however [B] Therefore[C] Meanwhile [D] Subsequently19. [A] accustomed [B] familiarized[C] adapted [D] suited20. [A] obtained [B] called[C] deserved [D] earnedPassage 7Television is the most effective brain washing1 ever invented by man. Advertisers know this to be2 . Children are3 by television in ways we4 understand. In the fall of 1971, I was5 a storyinvolving a young white woman living on the 6 of Boston's black ghetto. Her car had7 out of gas. She had gone to a filling station with a can and was returning to her car when she was8 in an alley by a gang of black youths. The gang poured gasoline over her and set fire9 her. She died of her burns. It was 10 established that some of the youths11 had, on the night before the killing,12 on television a rerun of an old movie in which a drifter is set on fire by an adolescent gang. There is some kind of strange reductive process13 work here. To see something on television robs it of its reality, and then when the14 thing is15 out it is like the reenactment of something unread.16 when the gang set fire to the girl, they were17 what they had seen on a screen, 18 they themselves were on a screen, and in a story. I don't think we have19 begun to realize how powerful a medium television is. It has already become very clear that the candidate with the most television 20 win the election.1. [A] equipment [B] machine[C] medium [D] method2. [A] true [B] real[C] actual [D] genuine3. [A] influenced [B] affected[C] controlled [D] manipulated4. [A] scarcely [B] nearly[C] completely [D] generally5. [A] arranged [B] appointed[C] assigned [D] attributed6. [A] outskirts [B] fringe[C] border [D] range7. [A] used [B] consumed[C] run [D] spent8. [A] trapped [B] caught[C] held [D] tucked9. [A] on [B] at[C] over [D] to10. [A] then [B] after[C] lately [D] later11. [A] associated [B] related[C] involved [D] participated12. [A] watch [B] watched[C] watching [D] werewatching13. [A] at [B] on[C] in [D] under14. [A] exact [B] extraordinary[C] normal [D] same15. [A] performed [B] played[C] practiced [D] acted16. [A] However [B] In contrast[C] In other words [D] Even so17. [A] imitating [B] following[C] resembling [D] reacting18. [A] as if [B] like[C] as [D] for19. [A] still [B] nearly[C] almost [D] even20. [A] influence [B] capacity[C] appeal [D] contributionPassage 8Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points) At least 50 percent of the world's scientific literature is in languages which more than half the world's scientists cannot read. That is to say, the greater part of41 is published is incomprehensible, without42 , to most of those who might43 benefit from it. The total 44 output of new materials is estimated to be between one and two million separate pieces, so that the amount of new literature which is readable only after language barriers have been surmounted is probably45 over half a million texts a year.Language barriers46 all scientists, but they are much more formidable for some than for others. For example, a Spanish scientist who cannot read any language except his own is separated from more than nine tenths of the world's current scientific literature, while an Englishman knowing no foreign language is barred from only about one third. English is in47 the most commonly used language in scientific publications.48 suggest that it probably49for between one half and two thirds of the total,50 considerable variations from subject to subject.41. A) what B) that C) whichD) everything42. A) interpretation B) translation C) suggestion D) agreement43. A) or B) otherwise C) contrariwise D) likewise44. A) global B) natural C) annualD) whole45. A) so B) very C) wellD) much46. A) face B) meet C) stateD) hold47. A) fact B) matter C) evidenceD) data48. A) Judgements B) Studies C) Estimates D) Expectations49. A) explains B) stands C) speaksD) accounts50. A) against B) with C) forD) betweenPassage 9Nonverbal communication is communication by facial experssions, hand or eye movements, hand signals and body postures. It can be just as important to understanding as words are. Misunderstanding-often 41 but sometimes serious-can arise between people from different42 if they misinterpret nonverbal signals. Take, for example, the gesture of a circle made 43 the thumb and index finger. To an American, it means that everything is OK; in Greece, it is an obscene gesture. Therefore, an American could unknowingly44 a Greek by using that45 hand signal.The following incident46 how conflicting nonverbal signals can cause serious misunderstanding. While lecturing at a university in Cairo, a British professor became so47 that he leaned back in his chair and revealed the bottom of his foot48 the astonished class. Making such a gesture in Moslem49 is the worst kind of50 . The next day the Caironewspapers denounced British arrogance and demanded that the professor be sent home.41. A) filling B) surprising C) amusingD) anxious42. A) backgrounds B) cultures C) placesD) languages43. A) using B) with C) byD) through44. A) please B) oppose C) invadeD) offend45. A) probable B) particular C) similarD) obscene46. A ) implies B) indicates C) illustrates D) emphasizes47. A) reluctant B)respectful C) excitedD) relaxed48. A) to B) at C) inD) for49. A) society B) system C) religion D) countryside50. A) display B) intention C) insultD) behaviourPassage 10The large arena was filled with people. It was round like an orange and the people were seated all around us. The41 mounted as the talking of the people stopped, and it became quite. I was as nervous as a cat near water42 the start of the race. I thought of the years of training, diets and body conditioning I had gone through in preparation for this race. Now here I was43 the greats of all countries ready to compete. I reached for the good-luck piece I always44 around my neck. My shaking fingers found nothing there, and I pictured it back on my desk where I had left it. I began to45 , for to be without my good-luck piece was to be alone without my crutch. Without it, how could I win?The sound of the starting gun46 my thoughts, and all parts of my body began to move. I ran with the speed of a gazelle. I saw47 but the finish line, and it beckoned me onward. It wasn't until I had48 that line and tens of people grabbed for my hand49 Iknew I had won. As they placed the gold medal around my neck, I felt like the50 hero in a fantasy story.41. A) excitement B) nervousness C) tightness D) tension42. A) looked forward to B) hopingC)waiting for D) expected43. A) beside B) with C) onD) in44. A) dressed B) put on C) woreD) hid45. A) panic B) dismay C) shockD) astonish46. A) interrupted B) disturbed C) distracted D) interfered47. A) something B) nothing C) anythingD) everything48. A) come through B) crossed C) finishedD) seized49. A) what B) while C) thatD) then50. A) conquering B) conquered C) strikingD) beatingPassage 11The English language serves roughly 250 million people, or about one tenth of the world's population, as a mother tongue.41 , it is more or less correctly used by at least 100 million more as a secondary language, ranging all the way from the Pidgin English of the islands of Melanesia to the almost flawless speech of42 foreigners. It is the most widely43 tongue on the face of the earth, appearing in each of the five major continents and most of the islands, large and small, that 44 the oceans.Each section of the English-speaking world has its own 45 pronunciation, vocabulary, word meanings, grammar. The two main varieties, however, are the British and the American,46 the language of Canada approaching the latter,47 the other British Dominions, especially Australia, New Zealand and South Africa coming closer to the British. This is roughly a two-and-a-half-to-one48 , with the numerical odds49 American English, but with pride of origin and50 of tradition on the British side.41. A. But B. Accordingly C. Sometimes D. In addition42. A. wealthy B. graduated C. cultured D. many43. A. mastered B. distributed C. popularD. arranged44. A. dot B. criss-cross C. spotD. line45. A. strangeness B. peculiarities C. natureD. particulars46. A. with B.perhaps C. thoughD. unlike47. A. nevertheless B. despite C. that ofD. one of48. A. round B. split C. moreD. figure49. A. against B. favoring C. inD. from50. A. weight B. hope C. need。