印度,巴基斯坦与阿富汗的多边贸易【英文】
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India's trade with SAARC nations
• Non-tariff barriers – QRs eliminated for products not on sensitive-list
5
The Presentation Agenda
SAFTA Trade: India-Pak-Afghan Customs duties The way forward
6
Contribution to SAARC trade (2001)
Export To/From Bangladesh Bangladesh Bhutan 1.58
India
23.42
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan Sri Lanka
75.00
India
Maldives Nepal
37.53
Nepal
9.9
87.5
2.9
25.5
15.0
93.5
5.5
45.1
1.4
21.3
0.4
14.2
4.2
48.4
1.0
37.8
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
10.0
10.1
3.9
2.9
9.1
15.9
3.2
3.8
3.1
7.9
1.6 3.30
5.5 16.2
2.4
13.7
8
India‟s trade with SAARC
– E.g. Sri Lanka gaining relatively more from India-Sri Lanka trade
3
SAFTA
• SAFTA Agreement – “Strengthen intra-SAARC economic cooperation to maximize the realization of the region’s potential for trade.” • Governed by WTO principles
– Exploit trade complementarities of neighbouring countries
• Cooperate to compete (India-China energy example) • Price competitiveness of intra-bloc trade • More benefits (relatively) to small countries in intrabloc trade
India Development Foundation
SAFTA
India-Pakistan-Afghanistan Trade
Harsh Vivek
February 1, 2006 – Taj Mahal Palace and Towers, Mumbai
1
The Presentation Agenda
SAFTA Trade: India-Pak-Afghan Customs duties The way forward
2
Why regional trade?
• More integrated markets • Benefits of trade multipliers in the region • Intra-bloc trade – „cluster approach to development‟
5.38
1.45
1.41 22.75
7.24
25.69
98.55
0.56
0.19
9ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้.22
0.03
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
46.72
21.45
32.47
0.43
50.90
4.35
16.63
27.05
7
Trade within SAARC as a per cent of trade with Asia and the World
– Reciprocity, special and differential treatment – Awareness of the needs of least developed members (Revenue Compensation Mechanism)
• Focus on elimination of tariff and non-tariff barriers • Two institutions to oversee implementation
Tariffs and Non-tariff barriers
• Tariffs (10 year phase-out of tariffs)
– Least developed members reduce tariffs to a maximum of 30 per cent (in first 2 years). – Tariffs already below 30 per cent will be reduced by 5 per cent annually for least developed members – Non-least developed members reduce tariffs to a maximum of 20 per cent (first 2 years) – Tariffs already below 20 per cent will be reduced by 10 per cent annually for non-least developed members
– SAFTA Ministerial Council (highest decision-making body) – Committee of Experts (senior economic official from each member-state) – Role of the SAARC Secretariat (?) 4
Countries
Exports 1991 Asia World 4.1
Exports 2001 Asia 8.2 World 0.8
Imports 1991 Asia 26.1 World 15.9
Imports 2001 Asia 22.3 World 15.6
Bangladesh
16.9
India
• Non-tariff barriers – QRs eliminated for products not on sensitive-list
5
The Presentation Agenda
SAFTA Trade: India-Pak-Afghan Customs duties The way forward
6
Contribution to SAARC trade (2001)
Export To/From Bangladesh Bangladesh Bhutan 1.58
India
23.42
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan Sri Lanka
75.00
India
Maldives Nepal
37.53
Nepal
9.9
87.5
2.9
25.5
15.0
93.5
5.5
45.1
1.4
21.3
0.4
14.2
4.2
48.4
1.0
37.8
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
10.0
10.1
3.9
2.9
9.1
15.9
3.2
3.8
3.1
7.9
1.6 3.30
5.5 16.2
2.4
13.7
8
India‟s trade with SAARC
– E.g. Sri Lanka gaining relatively more from India-Sri Lanka trade
3
SAFTA
• SAFTA Agreement – “Strengthen intra-SAARC economic cooperation to maximize the realization of the region’s potential for trade.” • Governed by WTO principles
– Exploit trade complementarities of neighbouring countries
• Cooperate to compete (India-China energy example) • Price competitiveness of intra-bloc trade • More benefits (relatively) to small countries in intrabloc trade
India Development Foundation
SAFTA
India-Pakistan-Afghanistan Trade
Harsh Vivek
February 1, 2006 – Taj Mahal Palace and Towers, Mumbai
1
The Presentation Agenda
SAFTA Trade: India-Pak-Afghan Customs duties The way forward
2
Why regional trade?
• More integrated markets • Benefits of trade multipliers in the region • Intra-bloc trade – „cluster approach to development‟
5.38
1.45
1.41 22.75
7.24
25.69
98.55
0.56
0.19
9ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้.22
0.03
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
46.72
21.45
32.47
0.43
50.90
4.35
16.63
27.05
7
Trade within SAARC as a per cent of trade with Asia and the World
– Reciprocity, special and differential treatment – Awareness of the needs of least developed members (Revenue Compensation Mechanism)
• Focus on elimination of tariff and non-tariff barriers • Two institutions to oversee implementation
Tariffs and Non-tariff barriers
• Tariffs (10 year phase-out of tariffs)
– Least developed members reduce tariffs to a maximum of 30 per cent (in first 2 years). – Tariffs already below 30 per cent will be reduced by 5 per cent annually for least developed members – Non-least developed members reduce tariffs to a maximum of 20 per cent (first 2 years) – Tariffs already below 20 per cent will be reduced by 10 per cent annually for non-least developed members
– SAFTA Ministerial Council (highest decision-making body) – Committee of Experts (senior economic official from each member-state) – Role of the SAARC Secretariat (?) 4
Countries
Exports 1991 Asia World 4.1
Exports 2001 Asia 8.2 World 0.8
Imports 1991 Asia 26.1 World 15.9
Imports 2001 Asia 22.3 World 15.6
Bangladesh
16.9
India