2011年学业水平考试(英语)试题(二)(含参考答案)

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2011年安徽省普通高中学业水平测试

2011年安徽省普通高中学业水平测试2011年安徽省普通高中学业水平测试英语第二部分英语知识运用（共两大题，满分20分）IV. 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）1.Her friends planned ___________ surprise party for her, and it was really___________ big success.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. 不填; a2.They are so alike that it is hard to ___________the difference between them.A. makeB. tellC. fosterD. share3.– Look! Mr. Jones is still working in his office. – I'm afraid he ___________his work yet.A. doesn't finishB. didn't finishC. hasn't finishedD. won't finish4.I said they could use my car, but they turned down my___________.A. offerB. planC. suggestionD. opinion5.– Hello! May I speak to Mrs. Smith? – ___________, please. She’s coming.A. Go onB. Come onC. Keep onD. Hold on6.Each time I come back, I will go and visit Mr. Black, ___________ used to teach me American literature.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. who7.Professor Barclay ___________be at home, for I came across him in the library just now.A. can'tB. mightn'tC. needn'tD. mustn't8.– We are going picnicking this afternoon. Would you like to join us? – Sure, ___________ I am busy.A. in caseB. unlessC. ifD. until9.The amusement park which ___________will be open to the public soon. The work is almost finished.A. is being builtB. has been builtC. is buildingD. has built10.–Would you be kind enough to give me a ride? –___________.A. That's rightB. With pleasureC. Never mindD. Don't mention itV. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）A man was really worried about his son, who was sixteen years old but had no courage at all. So the father _31 to send the child to. The officer of the camp said to the boy's father, "You should leave your son alone here. I’ll make him into a _32 m an within three months. However, you can't come to see him during this period."Three months later, the boy's father returned. The officer arranged a 33 match between the child and an experienced 34 . Each time the soldier 35 the boy, he fell down, but at once the boy stood up; and each time he was 36 again, the boy stood up again. Several times later, the officer asked the father, "What do you think of your child?""What a 37 !" The boy's father said, "I never thought he would be so 38 knocked down. I needn't have him left here any longer." "I'm 39 that's all you see. Don't you see that each time he falls down, he stands up again instead of crying? That's the kind of 40 you wanted him to have. "If each time you are knocked down you stand up again, that is the real courage.11. A. refused B. decided C. afforded D. expected12. A. real B. cruel C. silly D. clever13. A. swimming B. guessing C. fighting D. jumping14. A. officer B. soldier C. athlete D. coach15. A. dropped B. drew C. held D. hit16. A. knocked down B. broken down C. set down D. cut down17. A. glory B. fool C. shame D. pride18. A. easily B. hardly C. heavily D. firmly19. A. glad B. sorry C. sure D. lucky20. A. strength B. power C. force D. courageVI. 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）APaul received a car from his brother as a birthday present. One day when Paul came out of his office, a boy was walking around the new car, admiring it."Is this your car, sir?" the boy asked.Paul nodded, “My brother gave it to me for my birthday.”The boy was surprised, "You mean it didn't cost you anything?I wish… " He hesitated.Paul thought the boy wished he had a brother like that. But what he said made Paul quite surprised."I wish I could be a brother like yours." the boy added.Paul looked at the boy and invited him to go for a ride. The boy felt excited and said with his eyes shining, "Sir, would you mind driving to the front of my house?"Paul smiled a little. He thought the boy wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big new car. But Paul was wrong again."Will you please stop by the steps?" the boy asked. He ran up the steps. Then in a little while he came back, carrying his little crippled (瘸的) brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, and pointed to the car. "There she is, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for his birthday and it cost him nothing. Then you can see for yourself all the pretty things around."Paul got out and lifted the younger brother to the front seat of his car. Three of them began an unforgettable ride.21.Who gave Paul the car?A. The boy.B. His brother.C. His boss.D. His parents.22.When the boy heard what Paul said, he wished _________.A. to have a car of his ownB. to become Paul's brotherC. to give his brother a carD. to go for a ride with Paul23.Why did the boy ask Paul to drive to the front of his house?A. Because the boy bought the new car for his little brother.B. Because his little brother wanted to have a ride in the car.C. Because the boy wanted to show off the car to his neighbors.D. Because the boy wanted his brother to have a look at the car.24.What can we learn about the boy's brother?A. He liked travelling around.B. He had a serious car accident.C. He could remember nothing.D. He could not walk around.25.The passage mainly tells us _________.A. it is happier to give than to receiveB. Paul bought a new car on his birthdayC. Paul and the boy became good friendsD. the brothers had an unforgettable rideBWhen Beethoven was 28 years old, he wrote a letter to a friend. "I am losing my hearing. When I am staying with people, I cannot hear what they are saying, so I cannot answer them. I fear that people think I am unfriendly." This letter was written in 1801. By that time Beethoven already had written music for the piano and for small groups of instruments. He also had finished his first symphony (交响乐).Beethoven continued to write lovely music for many years. By the year 1822, his hearing was gone. But this did not stop him from writing music. Much of his best music was written after he could no longer hear at all.How could a deaf musician continue to create such fine work? The answer probably is that Beethoven could always hear the music in his head. Then he wrote down what he heard.Beethoven kept to a strict schedule. He got up early and wrote music until late afternoon. Now and then he walked in his garden and thought about his compositions. He never let anyone see his symphonies until they were completed.Beethoven tried out his written piano pieces as he worked on them. He had his piano changed so that it played very loudly. He also used a special stick. He held one end of the stick in his mouth and rested the other end on the piano strings (弦). As he touched the piano keys with his fingers, he could feel the strong vibrations (推动) made by the strings. The vibrations were carried along the stick. This way, 13eethoven felt the beautiful music that he could hear only in his mind.26.From the passage, we know Beethoven was born in________.A. 1773B. 1801C.1822D.182927.Beethoven was worried that ________in his letter.A. people weren't friendly toward himB. he couldn't write music any longerC. people thought he was not friendlyD. he couldn’t answer others' questions28.After he could no longer hear, Beethoven________.A. continued to write musicB. finished his first symphonyC. gave up writing any musicD. wrote a letter to his friend29.When Beethoven took walks in his garden, he________.A. picked flowersB. thought about musicC. looked for a stickD. hid his symphonies30.Beethoven could 66hear" the beautiful music with his ________.A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. mouthCNearly half of our waking day is spent in listening. But do you know how to be a good listener? Here are some suggestions: First of all, stop talking– you can't listen while you are talking.Ask questions– when you don't understand, when you need further explanation, when you want them to like you and when you want to show that you are listening.Don't interrupt– give them time to say what they have to say.Concentrate on what they are saying–actively focus your attention on their words, their ideas and their feelings as they come to the subject.Look at the speakers– by looking, it gives them confidence and shows that you are, in fact, listening. It helps you to concentrate too.Leave your feelings behind– try to forget your own worries and problems. Leave them outside of the meeting room. They will prevent you from listening well.Understand the main points– concentrate on the main ideas and not the less important points.Don't argue mentally–when you are trying to understand other people, don't argue with them mentally as they are speaking. Or you will set up a barrier between yourself and the speaker.Use the rate (速率) difference– you can listen faster than you can talk. So use this rate difference to your advantage by staying on the right way, guessing what they are going to say, and thinking back over what they have just said. You speak at about 100 to 150 words per minute, but you think at 250 to 500.31.When you don't understand, you should _________.A. forget itB. listen carefullyC. ask questionsD. argue mentally32.According to the passage, you can show that you are listening by _________.A. looking at the speakerB. closing your eyesC. clapping your handsD. nodding your head33.The underlined word "barrier" probably means _________.A. 栅栏B. 障碍C. 对比D. 突破34.You can use the rate difference to _________.A. speak much faster than you can listenB. guess what the speaker is going to sayC. avoid leaving out some main pointsD. help improve your speed of speaking35.What could be the best title of the passage?A. How to be a good listener?B. How to focus your attentionC. How to understand a talk?D. How to be a successful speaker?DBoxing Day falls on December 26th or sometimes the following Monday if December 26th happens to be a Saturday or Sunday. It is said that Boxing Day began in England in the middle of the nineteenth century. Boxing Day, also known as St. Stephen's Day, is usually celebrated in Australia, Britain, New Zealand, and Canada.There seems to be two stories on where Boxing Day comes from and why it is celebrated. The first is that centuries ago, on the day after Christmas, business people would give boxes containing food and fruit, clothing, or money to their employees and servants. The gifts, which were an expression of thanks, gave the holiday its name, “Boxing Day".The second story is that Boxing Day comes from the tradition of opening the alms (救济物) boxes placed in churches over the Christmas season. The collections including food and money were sent to the poor the day after Christmas.Today, Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love. Government buildings and small businesses are closed but department stores are open and filled with people ex- changing gifts or buying price-reduced Christmas gifts, cards, and other things.To keep the tradition of Boxing Day alive, many businesses, organizations, and families give away money to Food Banks and provide gifts for the poor. That's the way the Christmas holiday spirit can be kept36.Boxing Day is said to have begun in _________ in the middle of the nineteenth century.A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. New ZealandD. England37.Boxing Day is also called _________.A. Fighter's DayB. St. Stephen's DayC. Business DayD. Thanksgiving Day38.How many stories are mentioned to explain how Boxing Day began?A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five.39.Centuries ago, business people gave gifts to their employees and servants to _________.A help them B. satisfy them C. express thanks D. share friendship40.According to the passage, on Boxing Day people can exchange or buy gifts in _________.A. government buildingsB. small businessesC. department storesD. local food banks第Ⅱ卷VII. 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）61. Ge You is a famous a_______________ (演员) in China.62. You should keep your paper n_______________ (整洁) and tidy.63. Your parents will be invited to a_______________ (出席) your graduation ceremony.64. I believe Li Na will be able to d_______________ (击败) all the other players.65. Every country has its own c_______________ (风俗)．VIII.书面表达（共1小题，满分15分）假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Mary说她要来中国学习汉语。

2011考研英语二真题及答案解析[完整版]

The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global_____7_____in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_____8_____healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _____9_____in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_____10_____warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _____11_____flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_____12_____tested are the new swine flu, also known as <A> H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_____13_____more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials_____14_____Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_____15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16_____ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _____17_____doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_____18_____for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _____19_____. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _____20_____infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented[D] designated2 [A] proceeded[B] activated [C] followed[D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts[D] sums4 [A] moderate[B] normal[C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with[B] in[C] from [D] by6 [A] progress[B] absence [C]presence[D] favor7 [A]reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D]notice8. [A]over[B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up[B] crop up [C] fill up [D]cover up10 [A] as [B]if [C] unless [D]until11 [A]excessive [B] enormous[C] significant[D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns[D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected[D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved[D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking[D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available[C] reliable[D] applicable17 [A] prevalent[B] principal[C] innovative[D] initial18 [A] presented[B] restricted [C] recommended[D] introduced19 [A]problems [B] issues [C] agonies[D] sufferings20 [A]involved in [B] caring for[C] concerned with[D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. <40 points>Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, "Beautiful Inside My Head Forever",at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: "I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom."What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, wh en interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as "a last victory"because ____.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoriesB.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying "spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable"<Line 1-2,Para.3>,the author suggests that_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A.auction houses ' favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsI was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed—but only a few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent,that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year —a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me." "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Sharing housework.27.Judging from the context, the phrase "wreaking havoc"<Line 3,Para.2>most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageD. creating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A.men tend to talk more in public than womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.B.Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson ______A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker Text3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits — among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues."There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits," Dr. Curtis said. "We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically."The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever — had invested hundreds of mil lions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day — chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins— are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup."Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns," said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. "Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new produc ts commercially viable."Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed graduallyCare deeply rooted in historyD are basically private concerns32.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’s habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate their ef fect on people’s buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33. Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilever34.From the text weknow that some of consum er’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35. T he author’sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, ratherthan electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36.From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that ______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37.The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures[D]the arrogancecommon among the Supreme Court justices38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. In discussing the US jury system,the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and development46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWERSHEET2.<15points>"Suatainability" has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him thatsustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice。

英语II(2)试题及答案.doc

试卷代号:1162中央广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第二学期”开放本科”期末考试英语II (2)2011年7月注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。

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三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

B. It's too earlyD. Very well, thank youA. Good news for youC. Yes, sure4.-Would you like a tea?A. Yes, pleaseC. Yes, I prefer coffee5.-What's the weather like in this area?A. Very wellC. Yes, it's fine B. Go ahead, pleaseD. No, I can'tB.I like green tea D. No, I don't mind B. It's rainyD. That*s all right第一部分交际用语〈共计10分，每小题2分）1-5小题：阅读下面的小对话，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。

1 ._Can you tell me where I can park the car?A.Yes, pleaseC.Well, just over there2.-How are you this morning? B.It is made in America D. The park is not very farA.It's still goodC. It's a lovely morning3.-Do you mind if I read the newspaper on the table?第二部分词汇与结构（20分，每小题2分）6-15小题:阅读下面的旬子，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。

2011英语二真题及参考答案(完美打印版)

精品文档2011年硕士研究生入学考试2011英语二真题及参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specificcomputer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless 4． A.reason B.reminder promise D.proposal 5． rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6． A.by B.into C.from D.over7． A.linked B.directed C.chained pared 8． A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9． A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10． A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11． A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12． A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13． A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving peting 14． A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience 15． A.on B.after C.beyond D.across 16． A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united 17． A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually 18． A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm 19． A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible 20． A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading Comprehension精品文档Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise”disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprisedeparture, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive精品文档[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the authorindicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stablebecause they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business精品文档[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life – few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers – but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.精品文档[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominantpowers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be wellair-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.1~5 ACBDD 6~10 BACCB 11~15 DBACA 16~20 ADACDTEXT 1 参考答案21．A。

2011年考研英语二真题及答案

2011年考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many years ago, I visited an old university friend who was studying medicine in London. He took (1) of his university's medical department and showed me around the research labs. As we were about to leave the cancer laboratory, I noticed a (2) piece of paper attached to the wall. It had a list of chemical substances and the respective (3) on cancer cells. The exact values were noted down, including the concentration of each chemical, the time of incubation (培养期) and the size of the cancer cell culture plate. It was clear that someone had been (4) a serious experiment.When I asked my friend about it, he smiled and told me something which I have never (5) . The paper contained the complete results of a very important (6) experiment and it was someone's (7) to update the online laboratory notebook. This was a record of the steps followed, the results obtained, and any other (8) information. The idea was to help everyone in the lab stay updated on the progress of the (9) . I was very impressed by the responsibility shown by the person who conducted the experiment and, of course, by the general idea of (10) a notebook that could be accessed by everyone in real-time.Unfortunately, the (11) of this great idea is not yet mature. The idea that a lab notebook could be online goes (12) the traditional view of a personaland (13) place where researchers could record their thoughts, ideas and results. But today's labs (14) a different picture. Many labs employ researchers from different parts of the world, connected with existing and emerging (15) for collaboration. A worldwide accessible notebook is therefore not a bad idea and, as a matter of (16) , it is already a reality in some laboratories around the world.In some labs, a notebook is only accessible via their secure network (17) a username and password. Others are looking at public ways to grant access. Similarly, some labs have entire lab management (18) that include the sharing of notes, protocols and results. Other labs intend to add this functionality very soon. There are still (19) to be resolved, mainly regarding security and privacy issues, but the general trend is undeniably (20) the switch from paper to digital notebooks.1. A full B advantage C control D medicine2. A folded B misplaced C crumpled D dusty3. A research B professions C influences D effects4. A experimenting B employing C conducting D exploring5. A heard B believed C discovered D forgotten6. A laboratory B chemical C medicinal D scientific7. A purpose B background C spotlight D duty8. A relevant B efficient C irrelevant D supportive9. A examination B experiment C discovery D application10. A protecting B saving C accessing D revising11. A understanding B application C expertise D achievement12. A beyond B against C upon D over13. A confidential B public C specialized D open14. A picture B scenario C strategy D figure15. A networks B fields C topics D tools16. A fact B principle C research D access17. A concerning B acknowledging C reinforcing D requiring18. A traditions B policies C environments D positions19. A issues B concerns C areas D procedures20. A promoting B preventing C encouraging D hindering参考答案：1. C control2. B misplaced3. D effects4. C conducting5. D forgotten6. A laboratory7. D duty8. A relevant9. B experiment10. C accessing11. B application12. A beyond13. B public14. B scenario15. A networks16. A fact17. D requiring18. C environments19. A issues20. C encouragingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1According to Thomas Edison, most inventions are 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. That may have been true in his day, but invention has changed radically in the past century. Today, it can be both more efficient and more frustrating, with inventors making errors such as forgetting the "ordinary skills" requirement for getting a patent and misreading established patents.Soon, these kinds of mistakes will be less likely, thanks to a new method developed by a researcher at the Fordham University School of Law in New York City.The method, known as "invention mining", is a way to find out possible inventions from huge databases of scientific information. Invention mining gives inventors many new veins to tap into - and makes it much easier to come up with new ideas.In the past, the first step of inventing something new was an exhaustive search through existing patents to make sure the proposed invention hadn't already been patented. But that traditional search couldn't effectively cover all the information needed, as it was only possible to cover a fraction of patents, university research papers, and other sources of technical information in any one search.However, invention mining can go through billions of records of technical information in one search. "Text mining is natural language processing, but invention mining is natural language processing on steroids （特效药）" says Professor Stempfle.According to his study, a successful search of one billion records using a properly formed claim will return about 3.15 million technical documents for review, and we usually only need to inspect about 150,000 of these to find a few that truly meet our needs.Invention mining can turn up scientific research and patents nobody ever knew existed. Stempfle's paper cited an example of a case study from Ford when a scientist was doing background research on fire protection systems: it found a solution that had been patented and then forgotten, dating back to an 1838 patent. "The inventors of the company that found this were excited," says Stempfle, but nobody else had ever heard of the invention. This would have been something that may not otherwise have been discovered."Invention mining gives small inventors a newfound power against large corporations," says Stempfle . "Say you're a small inventor with 20 patents, and then IBM thinks you're infringing on（侵犯） one of their patents. IBM can do a search through a million patents to find ground to say your patent is invalid. Using a tool like invention mining, you can look at the same million patents to come up with innovative ways to say the IBM patent is not reallya valid one. It really does level the playing field."21. Invention mining helps inventors to ________.A. identify and solve problems in the invention processB. establish the ordinary skills requirement for getting a patentC. read established patents with more efficiencyD. prevent scientific information from being forgotten22. Compared to the traditional search, invention mining ________.A. covers a wider range of technical informationB. is more time-consumingC. requires a larger database of scientific informationD. focuses on patents and university research papers23. What does Professor Stempfle suggest about invention mining?A. It should be used in the background research of fire protection systems.B. It should only be used by small inventors against large corporations.C. It should be improved through natural language processing.D. It should be applied to the validation of small inventors' patents.24. What can be a drawback of invention mining?A. Certain patents are prone to being misread by inventors.B. It relies heavily on existing patents.C. It doesn't cover all the technical information.D. Some 19th-century patents may have been missed.25. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To discuss the new method of invention mining.B. To compare the merits of invention mining and traditional search.C. To introduce the researcher behind the invention mining method.D. To analyze the potential of invention mining in the future.参考答案：21. A. identify and solve problems in the invention process22. A. covers a wider range of technical information23. D. It should be applied to the validation of small inventors' patents.24. C. It doesn't cover all the technical information.25. A. To discuss the new method of invention mining.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (20 points)Text 2The saying "knowledge is power" is accurate in many situations. We tend to believe that the more information we have, the better decisions we can make. However, recent research suggests that this may not always be the case. In fact, having too much information can sometimes hinder our decision-making process and lead to poorer outcomes.One reason why an excess of information may be detrimental is that it can lead to information overload. When we are faced with too much information, we may struggle to process it all efficiently. As a result, wemay overlook important details or become overwhelmed, leading to decision paralysis. In this state, it becomes difficult to make any decision at all.Furthermore, having too much information can also lead to biased decision-making. When we have a lot of information, it is natural for us to focus on the information that supports our existing beliefs or preferences, while disregarding contradictory information. This confirmation bias can limit our ability to consider alternative perspectives and make well-rounded decisions.Another issue associated with an excess of information is the potential for analysis paralysis. This occurs when we spend excessive amounts of time analyzing and comparing different options, becoming so fixated on finding the perfect choice that we fail to make a decision altogether. The fear of making a suboptimal choice can act as a barrier to action, preventing us from moving forward and potentially missing out on valuable opportunities.While information is undoubtedly valuable, it is important to strike a balance and avoid becoming overwhelmed by an excessive amount of data. Recognizing the limitations of information and being mindful of its potential effects on decision-making can help ensure more effective and efficient choices.26. What is the author's main point about information?A. It is essential for making well-rounded decisions.B. It can lead to biased decision-making.C. It can hinder the decision-making process.D. It is necessary for finding valuable opportunities.27. What is "confirmation bias"?A. Overlooking important details due to information overload.B. Struggling to process excessive amounts of information.C. Focusing on information that supports existing beliefs.D. Spending excessive time analyzing different options.28. What does the author mean by "analysis paralysis"?A. Being overwhelmed by contradictory information.B. Failing to make a decision due to fear of making a mistake.C. Considering alternative perspectives when making a choice.D. Being unable to distinguish between valuable and irrelevant information.29. According to the text, what is important when dealing with information?A. Finding the perfect choice.B. Overcoming decision paralysis.C. Recognizing the limitations of information.D. Analyzing and comparing different options.30. What is the tone of the text?A. OptimisticB. CautiousC. InformativeD. Argumentative参考答案：26. C. It can hinder the decision-making process.27. C. Focusing on information that supports existing beliefs.28. B. Failing to make a decision due to fear of making a mistake.29. C. Recognizing the limitations of information.30. B. CautiousSection III TranslationDirections:Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)传统教育系统中，作业被视为学生练习和掌握课堂知识的一种方式。

2011湖南省学业水平考试-英语

2011年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试试卷英语本试题卷分听力技能、知识运用、阅读技能、写作技能四个部分，共7页。

时量120分钟，满分100分。

第一部分听力技能（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解(共“小题；每小题1分，满分16分)例听下面一段对话，回答第1小题。

How much is the shirt?A ￡ 19.15.B ￡9.18.C ￡9.15. 答案是C。

听下面一段对话，回答第1小题。

1.Where does the woman want to go?A. a schoolB. a cinemaC. a bus stop听下面一段对话，回答第2小题。

2. What does the man do?A. doctorB. a salesmanC. a driver听下面一段对话，回答第3小题。

3.What will the man talk about?A. GM foodB. Chinese foodC. Fast food听下面一段对话，回答第4小题。

4.How many events has the man chosen?A. twoB. threeC. four听下面一段对话，回答第5小题。

5. Where are the speakers?A. on a farmB. in a factoryC. in a bookstore听下面—段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。

6.What does the woman’s father want her to study?A. science and mathB. Chinese and historyC. Arts and PE7. What does the woman want to be?A. an engineerB. an athleteC. an actress听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。

8.W hat’s the relationship between the man and the woman?A. husband and wifeB. teacher and studentC. mother and son9. Where does the woman want to take her holiday?A. the seasideB. the mountainsC. the cities10. How long does the woman want to spend her holiday?A. 6 daysB. 7 daysC. 10 days听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。

2011英语普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷2）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分, 满分30分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago.The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 41 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own senses”Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into all unknown world invisible(无形的)to the 46 , which can be discovered only through scientific 47 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 .The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代). “I remember feeling small and 54 ,” the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”36. A. art B. history C. science D. math37. A. searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into38. A. count B. guess C. report D. watch39. A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to40. A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult41. A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken42. A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show43. A. 1ecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman44. A. described B. respected C. saw D. served45. A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush46. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light47. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods48. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse49. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting50. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained51. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth52. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave55. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出最佳答案, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2011年7月-自考英语二试题(真题)及答案

2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions.A. obligationB.evidenceC.transactionD.motivation3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.A.to B .for C.on D.at4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.A.requestB.requireC.inquireD.acquire5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.A.I realizedB.did I realizeC.I did realizeD.realized I6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer.A.appreciateB.admireC.enjoyD.like7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.A. thatB.andC.henceD.as9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.A.going throughB.going in forC.going afterD.going over10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is.A.putting outB.turning outC.working outD.running outII. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

英语二自考历年真题及答案(2011-2014)_图文

2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions.A. obligationB.evidenceC.transactionD.motivation3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.A.to B .for C.on D.at4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.A.requestB.requireC.inquireD.acquire5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.A.I realizedB.did I realizeC.I did realizeD.realized I6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer.A.appreciateB.admireC.enjoyD.like7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.A. thatB.andC.henceD.as9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.A.going throughB.going in forC.going afterD.going over10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is.A.putting outB.turning outC.working outD.running out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2011考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版

2011考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版第一部分：阅读理解第一篇题目：Will Robots Take Our Jobs?In Boston, there is a small restaurant called Spyce, which boasts (吹嘘) a unique feature: the entire kitchen is automated (自动化的). There are no chefs or cooks working in the kitchen, just seven robot cooks working efficiently to serve delicious meals to customers. This fully automated restaurant is a clear indication of the rise of robots in the workforce.The introduction of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, has raised concerns about job security. Many industries are facing the disruption caused by automation. The real question that arises is whether robots will take over our jobs and leave humans unemployed.Robotics and automation have successfully replaced manual labor in several industries. For example, self-checkout machines in supermarkets and automated assembly lines in factories are becoming increasingly common. These technologies streamline processes, reduce costs, and enhance efficiency.However, it is essential to note that while robots excel at tasks that require precision and repetition, they often strugglewith jobs that involve emotional intelligence and creativity. For instance, robots may be programmed to perform routine surgeries, but they cannot provide empathetic care to patients like healthcare professionals can. Similarly, while a robot can clean a room, it lacks the attention to detail that a human cleaner possesses.Furthermore, new technologies often create more jobs than they replace. The rise of robots may lead to the creation of entirely new industries and job roles. Software developers, AI engineers, and robotics technicians are examples of professions that have emerged as a result of automation. Additionally, as robots take over mundane tasks, humans can focus on more complex and creative work.In conclusion, while robots are undoubtedly changing the workforce and may replace some jobs, they are unlikely to completely eliminate human employment. The future lies in a partnership between humans and robots, where humans leverage their unique skills and abilities alongside automationto create a more productive and efficient society.解析：本文主要探讨了人工智能和机器人技术的引入对工作安全的影响。

山东省2011年夏季普通高中学生学业水平考试英语试题

山东省2011年夏季普通高中学生学业水平考试英语试题注意事项：1．本试题分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷，共100分。

考试时间为90分钟。

2．答第I卷前，务必将自己的姓名、考号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

考试结束时，试题和答题卡一并收回。

3．第I卷选择题选出答案后，都必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号(A、B、C或D)涂黑。

如需改动，必须先用橡皮擦干净，再改涂其他答案。

4．听力测试中第16~20小题为非选择题，涂答题卡时空出。

第I卷第一部分：听力测试(共三节，满分20分)做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，务必将选择题答案转涂到客观题答题卡上，并将第三节答案写在第Ⅱ卷规定位置。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面五段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话读两遍。

1. What are the speakers probably going to do?A. See a film.B. Have a picnic.C. Attend a meeting.2. How many books can the woman borrow?A. Five.B. Six.C. Seven.3. Where does the dialogue most probably take place?A. In a car.B. On a plane.C. On a train.4. What are the two speakers doing?A. Making a report.B. Having a meeting.C. Talking on the phone.5. Why does the woman refuse her son?A. She doesn‟t have any food.B. Her son is too young to do it.C. Feeding animals is not allowed.第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)听下面三段对话．每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2011年八年级英语下册学业水平测试(含答案)

2011年八年级英语下册学业水平测试第一卷一、单项选择。

（40分，每题一分）单选考察同学们的知识综合运用能力，一定要细心，认真读题，然后确定答案。

( )1. I would like you ___ with me.A. playB. will playC. to playD. playing( )2.There were ___friends of mine in the room. So I left.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little( )3.She’ll go with you if it _____ tomorrow.A. doesn’t rainB. won’t rainC. isn’t rainD. will rain( )4.He broke the window _____ time.A. the thirdB. thirdC. the threeD.a third( )5.This week we’re going to have _______ to do.A. many workB. many worksC. a lot of workD. a lot of works( )6.Betty asked me to ______ my new pen here next timeA. takeB. bringC. carryD. borrow( )7.Nobody in our class ______ to go to the cinemaA. thinkB. thinksC. wantD. wants( )8.He’s too young ____________.A. to dress himselfB. get dressedC. to put onD. wear clothes( )9.Mary is _____. She writes most ____in our class.A. careful, carefulB. carefully, carefulC. carefully, carefullyD. careful, carefully( )10.I have to look after him, ______ I?A. haven’tB. don’t C .needn’tD. mustn’t( )11.It took ___ two hours ____her homework yesterday.A. she, to finishB. her, finishingC. her, finishD. her, to finish( )12.---Have a good trip! ---_______.A. Thank youB. That’s goodC. Certainly D All right( )13.Ask the old man, he ______ know something about it.A. canB. mayC. maybeD. needs 14．—How long has he been studying English? —_____he was six years old．A．Since B．For C．At D．On 15．You don’t need to describe her．I ____ her several times．A．meet B．met C．have met D．will meet16．The rain started an hour ago．It's still raining now．It _______for one hour．A．rained B．rains C．is going to rain D．has been raining17．—He isn’t an excellent astronaut．is he？—__________.A．Yes，he isn’t B．No，he is C．Yes，he is D．No，he hasn’t18．Could you please _______your CD too loudly?A．not to play B．not play C．don’tplay D．play19．—Why not make a smoothie?—OK，I’11 do it________。

2011年考研英语二真题及答案完整word版

2011年考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered black and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）The Internet affords anonymity to its users， a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly3 ？Last month，Howard Schmidt，the na tion‘s cyber-czar，offered the federal government a4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech5 of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card，all rolled6 one. The system might use a smart identity card，or a digital credential7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join，and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver‘s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on” sys tems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace，with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmid t described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ，trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”。

2011年全国高考英语试题及答案(含解析)-全国2

绝密★启用前2011年6月8日15:00～17:002011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

第一卷1至12页。

第二卷13至14页。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。

1．cushionA. buttonB. butcherC. buryD. duty2．countryA.announceB. coughC. encourageD. shoulder3．pillowA. flowerB. allowC. knowledgeD. follow4．reachA. breatheB. reallyC. pleasureD. heaven5．ChristmasA. handkerchiefB. teacherC. acheD. merchant第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A.、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

山东省2011年冬季高中学生学业水平考试英语试题校对带答案

山东省二〇一一年冬季高中学生学业水平考试英语试题第一部分：听力测试（共三节，满分20分）1. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wifeB. Neighbours.C. Workmates2. Where does the dialogue most probably take place? A. In a hospital B. In a bank C. In a school.3. What does the man suggest?A. Selling the old sofa.B. Finding a larger room.C. Removing some furniture.4. Which bus goes to the Central Square? A. No.15. B. No 16. C. No 50.5. How will the woman go to New York? A. By car. B. By train. C. By plane.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8题。

6. What will be on TV at nine o’clock tonight?A. A program on travel.B. A short play.C. A football match.7. When does the football match start？A.1:00 p.m..B. 1:00 a.m..C. 9:00 a.m..8. What do we know about the speakers？A. They watch TV every eveningB. Neither likes football matches.C. They like travelling programs.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11题。