[考研类试卷]2016年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2016年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉

1 ASEAN

2 IS

3 NATO

4 AIIB

5 TPP

6 IMF

7 Ramadan

8 genetic mutation

9 Straits Exchange Foundation

10 dead account

11 marginal return

12 offshore fishery

13 Paris Bourse

14 paternity test

15 prenuptial agreement

汉译英

16 和而不同

17 功崇惟志，业广惟勤

18 位卑未敢忘忧国

19 注重教育公平

20 区域全面经济伙伴关系

21 打造中国经济的升级版

22 前瞻性战略性产业

23 《易经》

24 杜绝浪费现象

25 联合国教科文组织

26 天网恢恢，疏而不漏

27 全方位外交

28 命运共同体

29 有腐必惩，有贪必肃

30 “一带一路”建设

英译汉

31 In the appreciation of a work of art or an art form, consideration of the receiver never proves fruitful. Not only was any reference to a certain public or its representatives misleading, but even the concept of an "ideal" receiver is detrimental in the theoretical consideration of art, since all it posits is the existence and nature of man as such. Art, in the same way, posits man's physical and spiritual existence, but in none of its works is it concerned with his response. No poem is intended for the reader, no picture for the beholder, no symphony for listener.

Is a translation meant for readers who do not understand the original? This would seem to explain adequately the divergence of their standing in the realm of art. Moreover, it seems to be the only conceivable reason for saying "the same thing" repeatedly. For what does a literary work "say"? What does it communicate? It "tells" very little to those who understand it. Its essential quality is not statement or the imparting of information. Yet any translation which intends to perform a transmitting function cannot transmit anything but information—hence, something inessential. This is the hallmark of bad translations. But do we not generally regard as the essential substance of a literary work what it contains in addition to information—as even a poor translator will admit—the unfathomable, the mysterious, the "poetic", something that a translator can reproduce only if he is also a poet? This, actually, is the cause of another characteristic of inferior translation. This will be true whenever a translation undertakes to serve the reader. However, if it were intended for the reader, the same would have to apply to the original. If the original does not exist for the reader's sake, how could the translation he understood on the basis of this premise? (309 words)

汉译英

32 所谓茶马古道，并非指唯一的某一条大道，而是指以藏滇川交界处的“三角地带”为中心，跨越横断山脉和喜马拉雅山脉的诸多道路，其中有两条主要大道：“滇藏道”与“川藏道”。虽然在清雍正十三年(1735)，官营茶马交易被终止，但茶马古道依然繁荣，而在茶马古道上将茶叶、马匹、皮毛、藏药往来运输的，就是脚夫和大大小小的马帮。

抗日战争期间，尤其是在缅甸沦陷，滇缅公路被切断后，滇藏线的茶马古道成为唯一的国际通道。许多国外援华物资，内地运往滇西前线的抗战物资，以及当时在滇缅边境参加抗战的16万多中国军人的日常供给和枪支弹药，大都是由滇西各族马帮经过茶马古道运送的。在中华民族生死存亡之际，茶马古道这条古老的贸易通道发挥了重要的作用，留下了它在历史上最后的光彩的一笔，其国际意义堪比丝绸之路，至今已可称之为重要的人类历史文化遗产。(351字)