高中英语试卷15

绝密★启用前星火教育第一届教师解题大赛高中英语试卷命题人：马元利时间：2015年10月22日15:00---17:00满分：150分注意事项：1.本次考试采用答题卡答卷，请各位老师务必按要求答题。

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第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分）AWhen Jeff Sparkman draws his cartoon superheroes with colored pencils,he often has to ask other people to tell him what color his masked men turned out to be because he's color-blind.Now,a new smart phone application(app)can help him figure out what colors he's using and how the picture looks to most everyone else.The DanKam app,available for iPhone and Android for$2.99,is an application that turns the vague colors that one percent of the population with color-blindness sees into the"true"colors as everyone else sees them.In America,an estimated32million color-blind Americans-95%are males-can soon have their life improved."DanKam takes the stream of data coming in through the phone's camera and changes the colors slightly so they fall within the range that people who are color-blind see,"developer Dan Kaminsky told CNET.He came up with the idea after watching the2009film Star Trek with a color-blind friend.It was then that he got to know more about colorblindness like its varying types and degrees.A vast majority,for instance,have trouble seeing red or green due to a genetic defect.Blue-yellow colorblindness,however,is rarer and develops later in life because of aging,illness or head injuries,etc.He started experimenting with one of the most common representations of points in the RGB color model.What the DanKam app attempts to do is to clean up the color space of the image or video signal so that colors can be visible to those suffering from viewing problems.“You can adjust the app to fit your needs.There is a range and not everyone who is color-blind sees things the same.”Says Kaminsky.Sparkman,a copy editor at CNET,tried out the app and was pleased with the results."It would be useful for dressing for a job interview,"he said.But using it for his art is“the most practical application."It worked well on LED and other lights on electronic gadgets,which means Sparkman can now identify the power light on his computer display as green.1.How does DanKam’s app work?A.It puts LED and other lights on electronic gadgets.B.It changes the colors so that color-blind people can see them.C.It checks color-blind people’s types of degrees of colorblindness.D.It shows common representations of points in the RGB color model2.It can be inferred from the passage that colorblindness__________.A.cannot be cured by any methodsB.is more commonly seen in womenC.is not necessarily inborn diseaseD.makes people unable to tell any colors3.Which of the following is NOT included in the things that DanKam helps Sparkman with?A.Choosing clothes.B.Drawing his pictures.C.Playing computer gamesD.Handling electronic gadgets.BDid you see American figure skater,Jeremy Abbott,crash to the iceduring the short program at the Sochi Olympics,rolling into the wall,clutching his side in pain.Ten seconds later,he got up and continued hisskate—despite the pain,embarrassment and fear.All I could think was:this kid’s got courage.In business we have a word for it—resilience,theability to gain strengths and confidence from overcoming unpleasantevents.However,opposite examples appeared in Sochi Olympics as well.For them,failure is someone else’s fault,because they do not accept personal responsibility.Therefore,they have to pay a high price for this attitude.After years of studying failure,I have learned one thing:modesty and open-mindedness in the face of mistakes is the single best thing you can do to improve results.Everyone fails,but not everyone recovers from failure.The key is to learn from it rather than get beaten by it.The good news is that each of us has the potential to live a resilient life on and off the job.It may be difficult,but that just makes it all the more powerful and important.If you believe the above paragraph to be true,then you’re probably more resilient than you think you are.It takes confidence to be resilient but that too much confidence is a killer is so true of leadership.For example,Ron Johnson,the ill-fated CEO of JC Penney,was so stubborn that he completely missed all sorts of signals from employees and customers and instead listened to all those who agreed with him,which failed his strategy.Bouncing back from failure requires that you recognize something has gone wrong,and you were the one who made it happen.The challenge of resilience is not just about our work.When parents help their kids deal with every challenging situation,they are doing an unhelpful action to their children.Parents want to protect their kids from failure,but doing so takes away the opportunity from them to practice not just a life skill but an essential work skill.When self-esteem becomes more important than results,we are accidently training young people to become less adaptable,not more.Resilience is not just about getting up off the floor,but also being ready for whatever comes next,even when you don’t know what it is.Failures and setbacks are no longer unusual events,but regular features of a dynamic,competitive and highly demanding work environment.Getting up to finish your skate is no longer optional.4.The example of Jeremy Abbott shows that one should______.A.recover from failureB.stick to his own viewpointC.take others’opinions to heartD.challenge difficulties bravely5.According to the author,what can best build up resilience?A.Being positive and powerful.B.Being competitive and helpful.C.Being modest and open-minded.D.Being confident and responsible.6.Which of the following examples shows us resilience?A.A teacher offers students timely help and care.B.A determined athlete practices skating hard every day.C.A confident leader persuades his staff to follow his plan.D.A student has got a low grade but continues to work hard.7.Which might be the best title for the passage?A.An Example of Resilience:Ron JohnsonB.Resilience:A Lesson from SochiC.Optional Challenges of ResilienceD.Resilience in Family EducationCThe house was quiet at5a.m.and Tim’s mother was asleep.Only the sound of the big freezer broke the quiet.He’d dreamt of the cave last night.The purring(轻微颤动声)of the freezer had been the sea.Tim pulled on a sweater and put some apples into his schoolbag.It was too early for breakfast.He’d eat after he’d been through the cave,sitting on the rocks and staring at the sea.He wished he had a proper pack.His schoolbag would have to do.What else?Sandwiches---but his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches,she’d want to know why he had to leave so early.He settled for some biscuits,and left a note stuck to the table.Gone to Michael’s Back tonight.Tim.The sky was high and soft and light outside,though the sun still wasn’t up.Even the highway up the hill was quiet as he made his way down the street.The wind from the sea was fresh and sweet.The sand hills still breathed heat from yesterday’s sun,though the top of the sand was cool.He ran down to the beach impatiently,but there was no one,just dry sand dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves.The light changed suddenly.The first rays of sunlight stretched across the sea.The sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world.Over the first rocks,along to the point,Tim glanced back.The beach was still empty.The sun sailed higher in the sky.He could see the cave now,even darker in the morning light.The sand turned silver then dark gold as the water flowed away from it.He had to force himself to go closer.Why was it so much more mysterious now?But it would be silly to go back now after so much trouble.He needn’t go in all the way...8.What did Tim do at the beginning of the story?A.He left the house quietly.B.He had breakfast at home.C.He left a note on the freezer.D.He put a sweater in his schoolbag.9.What made it possible for Tim to see the entry to the cave?A.The height of the first.B.The change in the position of the sun.C.The ups and downs of the waves.D.The vast stretch of the sunlit beach.10.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the story?A.The sea looked like a piece of gold.B.Seabirds flew away when Tim arrived.C.Tim was the only person on the beach.D.The sky got dark as Tim reached the cave.11.In the story,Tim’s mood changed from.A.loneliness to crazinessB.anxiousness to excitementC.helplessness to happinessD.eagerness to nervousnessDApparently everyone knows that global warming only makes climate more extreme.A hot,dry summer has caused another flood of such claims.And one of the players that benefit the most from this story is the media:the idea of “extreme”climate simply makes for more exciting news.Consider Paul Krugman writing breathlessly in The New York Times about the“rising incidence of extreme events.”He claims that global warming caused the current drought in America’s Midwest,and that supposedly record-high corn prices could cause a global food crisis.But the United Nations’s latest assessment tells us precisely the opposite—there has an overall slight tendency toward less dryness in North America.Moreover,there is no way that Krugman could have identified this drought as being caused by global warming without a time machine since climate models estimate that such detection will be possible by2048,at the earliest.And,fortunately,this year’s drought appears unlikely to cause a food crisis,as global rice and wheat supplies are plentiful.Moreover,Krugman overlooks inflation：Prices have increased six-fold since1969.So,the inflation-adjusted price of corn was higher throughout most of the1970s.Finally,Krugman forgets that concerns about global warming are the main reason that corn prices have skyrocketed since2005.Nowadays40percent of corn grown in the United States is used to produce ethanol(乙醇)，which raises the price of corn–at the expense of many of the world’s poorest people.Bill Mickbben similarly worries in The Guardian About the Midwest drought and corn prices.He confidently tells us that fierce wildfires from New Mexico and Colorado to Siberia are“exactly”what the early stages of global warming look like.In fact,the latest study on global wildfire suggests that fire incidence has declined over the past70years and is now close to its preindustrial level.When well-meaning campaigners want us to pay attention to global warming,they often end up making overstatements.And exaggerated claims merely fuel public distrust and unconcern.That is unfortunate,because global warming is a real problem,and we do need to address it.12.In what way do the media benefit from extreme weather?A.They can give voice to different views.B.They can make themselves better known.C.They can choose from a greater variety of topics.D.They can attract people’s attention to their reports.13.What is the author’s comment on Krugman’s claim about the current drought in America’s Midwest?A.It will eventually get proof in2048.B.It is based on an erroneous climate model.C.So far there is no way to prove its validity.D.A time machine is needed to tell if it is true.14.What is the chief reason for the rise in corn prices according to the author?A.Inflation rates have been skyrocketing since the1970s.B.A considerable part of corn is used to produce green fuel.C.Climate change has caused corn supply to drop markedly.D.Demand for food has been rising in the developing countries.15.What does the author think of the exaggerated claims in the media about global warming?A.They lead to public distrust about science.B.They create confusion about climate change.C.They are strategies to raise public awareness.D.They do a disservice to addressing the problem.EIf you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.If you are talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries,you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example,which I heard at a nurse’s convention,of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St.Peter.He sees wonderful accommodations,beautiful gardens,sunny weather,and so on.Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch,the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat,who rushes to the head of the line,grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself.“Who is that?”The new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh,that’s God,”came the reply,“but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will present an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman.You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous,you must practice so that it becomes more natural.Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile,so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor.It often comes from the unexpected.It’s a twist on a familiar quote“If at first you don’t succeed,give up”or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration and understatements.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.16.What is essential in making humor effective?A.Understanding the audience’s situation and sharing the same view with them.B.Personal charm of the humor user.C.Sympathy for the audience.D.Identification of the audience’s social status.17.The author cited the doctor’s story to.A.show how supercilious doctors areB.show how nurses dislike doctorsC.illustrate the importance of shared experiences in using humorD.illustrate the author’s capability of understanding humor18.What can help make one’s humorous remarks natural and casual?A.Preparation in advance.B.The way one speaks.C.Innate sense of humor.D.Calm facial expression.19.The passage discusses all of the following EXCEPT_______.A.how one can be naturally humorousB.how to make humor work wellC.where humor can come fromD.how practice can make one’s humor perfect20.The best title for the text may be_______.e Humor EffectivelyB.Various Kinds of HumorC.Add Humor to SpeechD.Different Humor Strategies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。