高一英语阅读理解试题(生态、环保类)

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高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages.But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. We'd rather think of language as product of our thought rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齿音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (辅音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said "pater" but English speakers (unless they're Rees－Moggs) say "father".Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can't exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neither can it be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffered toothache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond keeping us alive and pleasing the Palate (味觉).（1）Compared with adults, babies could more easily .A. create significant noisesB. classify the forms of noisesC. understand the Greek languageD. distinguish meaningful sounds（2）According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?A. Lips and teeth.B. Jobs and habits.C. Age and regions.D. Food and thinking.（3）The reason for farmers' making sounds of "f" and "v" is .A. enjoying more cooked foodsB. biting more with front teethC. constantly chewing harder foodsD. growing up with lager lower jaws（4）By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .A. jaws help shape our thoughtB. food determines our thoughtC. diet has some influence on languageD. language consists of sound and meaning【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们一直以来认为语言是思想的产物，但是有新的研究表明饮食对于语言也会产生一些影响。

高考英语阅读理解复习-生态环保、自然灾害类10篇(含解析)

【生态环保、自然灾害类】话题阅读练习（一）（阅读理解10篇）Passage1Earth is in the middle of an insect crisis,with thousands of species declining over the past several decades. Scientists have often blamed this on habitat loss or pesticide（杀虫剂）use.But a new study of butterflies in the western United States has found that warmer fall weather may be an equal,if not more,of a factor.Over the past four decades,more than450butterfly species have declined at an average rate of nearly2percent a year,according to a study published in Science.It’s already known that the western monarch butterfly has plummeted in population by99.9percent and was recently denied protection by Endangered Species Act in the U.S. But the study revealed lesser-known species,like the Boisduval’s blue and California’s state insect,the California dogface butterfly,are heading toward extinction."The influence of climate change is driving those declines,which makes sense because they’re so widespread," says study leader Mathew Forister.To reach their troubling findings,the researchers combined databases of the butterfly count conducted by scientists and amateur insect enthusiasts at72locations in the western U.S.To focus on the contribution of climate change,the researchers made sure to include locations that were relatively undisturbed by agriculture and human development to limit the influence of other threats to butterflies such as habitat loss and pesticides.More than200cities across the U.S.are experiencing warmer fall seasons.In Arizona,for instance,fall temperatures have risen by0.2degree Fahrenheit every decade since1895.As for why warming falls are so harmful,it may be connected to butterflies’hibernation-like diapause(滞育）in the fall.Warmer temperatures could be forcing the insects,most of which live around a year,to stay awake longer and starve.In other words,they’re "getting old and fragile and dying sooner".Given that butterflies are key pollinators（传花粉者),such declines predict bigger problems for plants and even whole ecosystems.Forister adds,"The climate effects will almost certainly affect many other insects;including bees."And these effects will"damage"efforts to protect and restore butterfly habitat.1.What does the underlined word"plummeted"mean in Paragraph2?A.Recovered slowly.B.Decreased sharply.C.Escaped suddenly.D.Evolved rapidly.2.What did the researchers do in Paragraph3?A.They ruled out the effects of human activities.B.They tried to protect the habitat of butterflies.C.They refused to use amateurs’science data.D.They identified other threats to butterflies.3.How do warming falls affect butterflies?A.They affect butterflies’natural life cycle.B.They slow down butterflies’aging process.C.They cause butterflies to lose more habitats.D.They force butterflies to compete for survival.4.What is the main purpose of the text?A.To discuss the importance of butterfly species.B.To suggest a way to fight against climate change.C.To introduce new methods of studying butterflies.D.To present a new factor in a species population decline.解析：1.B理解词汇根据第二段第一句中的"Over the past...2percent a year"可知，在过去的40年里,450多种蝴蝶的数量以平均每年近2%的速度诚少。

高考英语生态环保类阅读理解

话题七：生态环保类(一)The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that________.A. much of the world's water is available for useB. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyC. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world2. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Steps to improving water use management.B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.4. The text is mainly about________.A. water supply and increasing populationB. water use management and agricultureC. water redistribution and wildlife protectionD. water shortages and environmental protection答案与解析世界的可用淡水资源有限，但农业在利用水资源过程中存在不尽如人意之处，本文指出了其中的一些问题。

安徽省明光英普辅导中心高一英语阅读理解分类训练(生

安徽省明光英普辅导中心高一英语阅读理解分类训练（生态、环保类）(1)A Wolf in DangerWhat is happening to the timber wolf today?Native Americans and early settlers often went to sleep to the sound of a lonely lullaby(催眠曲). It was the song of the wolf howling in a distant forest. There were many wolves then. One kind was the North American timber wolf.Wolves are important to the balance of nature because they eat sick and weak animals. In Colorado, people tried to help deer by shooting wolves. But then there were so many deer that many of them starved to death.The timber wolf is on the endangered special list. Animals on this list are in danger of disappearing from the earth. People drove the wolves away by cutting down the forests to build houses, towns, and highways. Timber wolves are now found only in Canada, Alaska, Michigan, and Minnesota.This special animal may soon disappear from our forests forever. Then, its lonely howl will never be heard again.1. Animals that are in danger of disappearing from the earth are called a _______species.A. endangeredB. livingC. aliveD. lived2. Wolves help the balance of nature because they _______.A. are an endangered speciesB. eat sick and weak animalsC. no longer live in forestsD. help the farmers3. At one time, the timber wolf was found _______.A. in many parts of North AmericaB. only in Colorado and CanadaC. in towns and cities in AlaskaD. in many parts of Africa4. Which of the following happened first?A. People built towns and highways.B. The timber wolf was driven away from its home.C. People cut down the forests.D. Timber wolves are endangered species.5. When people in Colorado shot the wolves, they made a mistake because_______.A. the wolves kept down the number of deerB. wolves never attacked other animalsC. the wolves were starving and would have died anywayD. they kept the balance of nature【答案与解析】本文介绍timber wolfs所面临的危险处境，并分析了其原因和后果。

(完整word版)英语阅读理解训练--生态环保类(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练生态环保类(一)The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water。

With 97％ of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management， especially in agriculture. Although the idea ofa water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfallcountry, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages。

Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself， but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams， houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed。

(英语) 高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)

（英语）高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world's first kids to be "taught" by a digital teacher. Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student's desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come.The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human-like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector's "Be sustainable with energy" — a free program for Auckland elementary schools.Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students' responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students' attention, but also allows the program's developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, " What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention." However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.（1）What was special for some elementary school students in Auckland?A. A digital teacher taught them.B. They first saw something digital.C. This was the start of a new school year.D. They could get close to smartphone screen.（2）What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?A. It can smile back.B. It can use microphone.C. It can talk any topic for free.D. It can change if necessary.（3）What's Ravishankar's attitude to Will's replacing Human educators soon?A. Optimistic.B. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Disapproving.（4）What might be the best title for the passage?A. New High-tech Contributes to EducationB. The World's First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom.C. The World's First Digital Teacher, a Help to StudentsD. New Zealand Will Replace Teachers in Classrooms【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款智能机器人走进小学课堂，为孩子们讲授能源可持续发展。

高一环境保护英语阅读理解25题

高一环境保护英语阅读理解25题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. Different countries' environmental protection measures.C. The activities of environmental protection organizations.D. None of the above.答案：A。

本题考查对文章主旨的把握。

文章主要围绕环境保护的重要性和意义展开，B 选项不同国家的环保举措和C 选项环保组织的活动都是为了说明环境保护的重要性而提及的内容，D 选项不符合题意。

2. Which country is mentioned in the passage as having effective environmental protection measures?A. China.B. The United States.C. Japan.D. Canada.答案：A。

文中提到中国在环境保护方面采取了一系列有效措施，B、C、D 选项在文中未提及相关内容。

3. What are environmental protection organizations mainly engaged in?A. Conducting scientific research.B. Organizing public activities.C. Lobbying the government.D. All of the above.答案：D。

环保组织通常会进行科学研究以更好地了解环境问题，组织公众活动提高人们的环保意识，也会游说政府制定更严格的环保政策。

4. Why is environmental protection important?A. It helps protect wildlife.B. It reduces pollution.C. It ensures a sustainable future.D. All of the above.答案：D。

高一环境保护英语阅读理解20题

高一环境保护英语阅读理解20题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The causes of environmental pollution.C. The solutions to environmental problems.D. The history of environmental protection.答案：A。

解析：文章主要围绕环境保护的重要性展开，B 选项环境污染的原因不是主要内容，C 选项解决环境问题文中虽有提及但不是主要思想，D 选项环境保护的历史未在文中体现。

2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a cause of environmental pollution?A. Industrial waste.B. Agricultural runoff.C. Natural disasters.D. Household waste.答案：C。

解析：工业废物、农业径流和家庭垃圾都是造成环境污染的原因，而自然灾害不是人为造成的环境污染原因。

3. The author mentions that environmental protection is important because _____.A. it can save money.B. it can improve people's health.C. it can increase economic growth.D. it can protect wild animals.答案：B。

解析：环境保护重要是因为它可以改善人们的健康，A 选项节省钱不是主要原因，C 选项增加经济增长不是直接原因，D 选项保护野生动物只是一方面不是主要原因。

(英语)高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)真题汇编(含答案)含解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)真题汇编(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.While faking and fierce looks are among animals great defenses, many species know that everyone runs from a big stink (臭气) too.Vulture (秃鸳)Vultures, are street sweepers that feast on the rotting flesh of dead animals, which benefits us by ridding our highways and landscapes of animal bodies and the bacteria they might carry. When vultures feel threatened they vomit, and the smell of vomited-on dead bodies puts of most predators. Throwing up allows the vulture to fly away more quickly-and the vomit can hurt the aggressor's eyes and face.Opossum (负鼠)In some ways opossums have it easy. In order to become "dead", they don't have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere. Even if they keep getting attacked, they won't move any more than a human statue until the threat has passed.Hoatzin (磨雉)Hold your nose and meet the hoatzin, a bird of distinctions, not the least of which is that it smells like fresh cow shit. The animal mostly eats leaves and it's the only bird known to digest by fermentation, like a cow. This process is what causes its smell and has earned it the nickname the "stink birdMillipedes (千足虫)Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.Sea Hare (海兔)The graceful sea hare is plain in taste in the first place, so it's not the most popular dish in the seafood chain. Nonetheless this type of sea creature has a pretty creative smell-related defense that is almost the opposite of its smelly companions on this list. The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.Researchers using lobsters (2-f) as model predators found that the sea blocks the lobsters receptive mechanism. In other words, the sea hare gives its attacker the equivalent of a stuffy nose so they don't know how appealing it is.（1）The sea hare defends itself from predators by ________.A. becoming plain in taste at the discovery of a predatorB. giving out purple ink to make itself invisible to predatorsC. releasing substance to make predators unable to smell itD. giving off smelly gas to try to drive predators away（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.B. The opossum fakes its death to avoid being targeted by predators.C. The hoatzin eats cow shit so that it is nick-named as "stink bird".D. The gas released by millipede was basically harmless.（3）The species that enjoys more than one defense mechanism is ________.A. vultureB. opossumC. millipedeD. sea hare【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些野生动物是如何进行自身防御的。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)含解析

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙).Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. "In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States," said the lead author John Mittermeier.And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world's biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, "I think there's a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they're not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people's Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature."Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, "By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help."（1）What have researchers found about species searches?A.They strengthen ties among people.B.They affect the animal movements.C.They differ in language backgrounds.D.They reflect animal migration seasons.（2）What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?A.To summarize the research process.B.To further support the research findings.C.To show the variety of species searches.D.To present researchers' heavy work load.（3）How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?A.Satisfied with Wikipedia's service.B.Worried about Wikipedia behavior.C.Amazed at people's care about nature.D.Sad about people's not getting close to nature.（4）Why does Richard think such search data is useful?A.It helps to aim at conservation targets.B.It increases interest in big data approaches.C.It keeps track of trends in biologists' work.D.It pushes people to solve difficult problems.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现，人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。

(英语)高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典含解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, D.C, has been studying language learning for more than 20 years.Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or co-opted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancient-older even than humans themselves."This study examines the theoretical framework (准则) that language is learned, stored and' processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain."Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process."Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory', such as, 'Oh, remember what you said last night' or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory' such as how you learn to ride a bicycle." Or, Ullman adds, "These procedural memory skills become so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them."However, Ullman explains that the two long-term memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child's brain. "Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may come more naturally. They don't have to think about the grammar rules before speaking."In addition to language learners, Ullman's study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (阅读障碍). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human's memory systems?A. By examining the brain with his team.B. By studying language learning over years.C. By comparing different languages year after year.D. By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of "motor memory"?A. Learning to make a model plane.B. Remembering the grammar patternsC. Repeating what you heard.D. Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word "it" refer to?A. Declarative memory.B. An adult language learner.C. Using grammar patterns.D. A second language.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B. A new research helps people learn a new language.C. Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D. Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述Michael Ullman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆树) seed.The sizes of similarly named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south.Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet.At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely, which would mean that from May 20th2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A.Pound went before libra in measurement.B.Different things used to be adopted as measures.C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.（2）How does the author develop the second paragraph?A.In time order.B.By analysis.C.In space order.D.By comparison.（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement?A.France.B.Liberia.C.America.D.Myanmar.（4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles?A.They will come up with seven new SI units.B.They will set May 20th as a new international festival.C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会，将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案含解析

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?This question was raised after a group of penguins were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sighof relief. "I'm so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn't bothering, right?" viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. "You can't have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse," said the show's creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. "There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren't touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping downthe slope," he told the BBC.Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, "If it's ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out ofthe way. Even when you're watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.""There's no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right therein front of you," Will Lawson, the show's director, told Daily Mail.（1）What has led to a heated media discussion?A.People's various remarks on penguins.B.The rescue of penguins from a gully.C.Some penguins' sufferings in a gully.D.Ways of filming the series Dynasties.（2）Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?A.Kathryn Shaw.B.Will Lawson.C.Paul Nieklen.D.David Attenborough.（3）Which of the following best explains the word "gut-wrenching" underlined in paragraph 6?A.Putting one in place.B.Making one confused.C.Putting one in danger.D.Making one heartbroken.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Reasons for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to AnimalsB.Suggestions on How to Protect Animals From DangerC.Effects of Human Interference on Dangerous AnimalsD.Opinions on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。

(英语)高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题训练答案及解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题训练答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A team of international scientists is due to set off for the world's biggest iceberg in a mission aiming to answer fundamental questions about the impact of climate change in the polar regions. The scientists, led by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), are trying to reach a newly revealed ecosystem that had been hidden for 120,000 years below the Larsen C ice shelf.Last year, part of the Larsen C ice shelf calved (崩解) away, forming a huge iceberg-A68—which is four times bigger than London, and revealing life beneath for the first time. Now scientists say it is a race against time to explore these new ecosystems before they are transformed to the light. Marine biologist Dr Katrin Linse from the BAS is leading the mission."The calving of A68 provides us with a unique opportunity to study marine life as it responds to a huge environment change," she said. "It is important that we get there quickly before the undersea environment changes as sunlight enters the water."Professor David Vaughan, science director at the BAs, said, "We need to be bold (大胆的) on this one. Larsen C is a long way south and there's lots of sea ice in the area, but this is important science, so we will try our best to get the team where they need to be. He said climate change had already affected the sea around Antarctica and is warming some coastal waters. "Future warming may make some habitats warm. Where these habitats support unique species that are adapted to love the cold and not the warm, those species are going to either move or die."There is growing concern about the possible impact of climate change in the Antarctic. Earlier this month, a report revealed that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are speeding up the already fast pace of the sea level rise. The research, published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine, said, "At the current rate, the world's ocean will be, on average, at least 60cm higher by the end of the century." However, it found that the process is accelerating, and more than three quarters of the acceleration since 1993 is due to melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, the study shows.（1）Why are the scientists eager to go to the iceberg?A. To study how the iceberg was formed.B. To study a newly discovered ecosystem.C. To explore a new way to prevent climate change.D. To explore the geography of the Larsen C ice shelf.（2）What do the underlined words "this one" in the fourth paragraph refer to?A. The Larsen C ice shelf.B. Climate change in Antarctica.C. The A68 iceberg with the ecosystem beneath it.D. The condition of animal species in Antarctica.（3）What can we learn about the A68 iceberg from the text?A. It is as big as London.B. It is part of an ice shelf in the Arctic.C. It will disappear in a very short time.D. It has uncovered an unknown ecosystem in Antarctica.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.B. The ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a steady rate.C. Many creatures living in deep water will die out due to climate change.D. By 2100, the sea level will have risen to a much higher level than now.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，南极地区的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山A68 iceberg。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

After a morning hike in the Saneum HealingForest, 46-year-old firefighter Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽), and makes a picture with dried flowers. He is one of 40 firefighters taking part in a three-day program, the aim of which is to offer "forest healing" (森林治愈); the firefighters all have posttraumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍).Saneum is one of three official healing forests in South Korea. Soon there will be 34 more. South Koreans-many of whom suffer from work stress, digital addiction, and great academic pressure have accepted the medicalization of nature with great enthusiasm.There is increasing evidence that being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us. But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly? Fewer and fewer, it seems. According to Lisa Nisbet, a psychology professor at Canada s Trent University, evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it."We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness," says Nisbet. "We think other things will, like shopping or TV." But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion.So what are some of the benefits of nature that Nisbet refers to? Being surrounded by nature has one obvious effect: It calms us and reduces our stress levels. This has been shown to lower blood pressure and heart rates.Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50-minute walk in a park had better attention and short-term memory than those who took a walk along a city street.Perhaps what's more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problem-solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.In fact, we may never know exactly what nature does to the brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that's as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoung-wook doing?A.Getting lost in nature.B.Building up his strength.C.Trying to control a forest fire.D.Helping firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors?A.It is overlooked by people.B.It has nothing to do with happiness.C.South Koreans show great interest in it.D.We need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find?A.It affects people's feelings.B.It lowers the risks of diseases.C.It helps improve mental performance.D.It does more good than physical exercise.（4）What would be the best title for the text?A.Your life in forestsB.Your brain on natureC.The future of forest healingD.The benefits of a stress-free life【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由韩国患创伤后应激障碍的消防员接受森林治愈谈起，介绍了大自然对我们身心健康的益处。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are "striking" and should encourage research efforts.Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk -such as pregnant women -would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency.Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, .A. a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C. a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D. The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Zika vaccine 'works very well' in miceB. Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC. International researches into Zika have paid offD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。

(整理版高中英语)高一英语阅读理解试题(生态环保类)

高一英语阅读理解试题〔生态、环保类〕生态类(1)A Wolf in DangerWhat is happening to the timber wolf today?Native Americans and early settlers often went to sleep to the sound of a lonely lullaby(催眠曲). It was the song of the wolf howling in a distant forest. There were many wolves then. One kind was the North American timber wolf.Wolves are important to the balance of nature because they eat sick and weak animals. In Colorado, people tried to help deer by shooting wolves. But then there were so many deer that many of them starved to death.The timber wolf is on the endangered special list. Animals on this list are in danger of disappearing from the earth. People drove the wolves away by cutting down the forests to build houses, towns, and highways. Timber wolves are now found only in Canada, Alaska, Michigan, and Minnesota.This special animal may soon disappear from our forests forever. Then, its lonely howl will never be heard again.1. Animals that are in danger of disappearing from the earth are called a _______species.A. endangeredB. livingC. aliveD. lived2. Wolves help the balance of nature because they _______.A. are an endangered speciesB. eat sick and weak animalsC. no longer live in forestsD. help the farmers3. At one time, the timber wolf was found _______.A. in many parts of North AmericaB. only in Colorado and CanadaC. in towns and cities in AlaskaD. in many parts of Africa4. Which of the following happened first?A. People built towns and highways.B. The timber wolf was driven away from its home.C. People cut down the forests.D. Timber wolves are endangered species.5. When people in Colorado shot the wolves, they made a mistake because_______.A. the wolves kept down the number of deerB. wolves never attacked other animalsC. the wolves were starving and would have died anywayD. they kept the balance of nature【答案与解析】本文介绍timber wolfs所面临的危险处境，并分析了其原因和后果。

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