SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料_中文
PP顾问的常见面试问题
PP顾问的常见面试问题SAP PP 顾问面试试题及资料1. Master Data 主数据Organizational Structures 组织结构· What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?什么是不同组织结构在R/3系统中· Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?那个R/3组织结构是首先用到的针对PP· What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage location控制区域，公司代码，评估范围，工厂和仓储位置之间的关联是什么？？Material Master主物料· What is the purpose of different material master views?不同的物料视图是什么用途？· Which views are available?那个视图是可能用到的？应该指的是PP模块· Which views are used primarily for PP?那些视图是主要应用的针对PP?· What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?物料视图和独立的组织结构之间有什么关联？· How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?行业领域如何影响到物料的维护？· How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?物料类型如何影响到主物料的维护？· What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?内部和外部分配号码之间有什么不同？在客户定制中怎么实现？· Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?那些因素能够影响到物料字段的选择？· How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?如何使 物料需求计划配置和预测配置用到优化物料维护？· How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?如何使一个物料重新编制，删除或激活？· Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?在主物料处理中那个单位能够影响· What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?什么是物料状态应用和那个层次能够维护他？· Review the usage of the following settings?叙述下面的设定方法？- MRP group 物料需求计划组- MRP type 物料类型- Reorder point 再定购点- Planning time fence 计划时间栏栅（计划时间中的各个段）- MRP controller 物料需求计划控制者- Lot size 批量大小- Procurement type 获取类型- Special procurement type 特定的获取类型- Production storage location 产品存储位置- Backflush flag 反冲标志- Stock determination group 库存确定组- Bulk material 散装物料- Scheduling margin key 计划边际码- Safety stock 安全库存- Strategy group 策略组- Consumption mode and consumption period 消费模式和消费期间- Availability checking group 可用性检查组- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collective requirements独立/集中- Production scheduler 生产调度员- Production scheduling profile 生产计划参数文件- Underdelivery/overdelivery tolerance 不足交货允差- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent) 厂内生产时间（相关批量大小、独立批量大小）- Valuation class 评估类- Price control indicator 价格控制- Moving average price/standard price 移动平均价、标准价格Bills of Material BOM· What is determined by BOM usage?什么决定了BOM的用途？· What technical types of BOM are available? 什么样的BOM技术类型是可用？ · Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?BOM技术类型能改变吗？· During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? 在那些处理期间BOM用途和状态是被考虑的？· When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?什么时候使用一组BOM 是有用的？· What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?有效范围和有效BOM是什么意思？· Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?那个项目种类是有效的，并且她们的说明是什么？· What is a sub-item?什么是子项目？· Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?在什么环境下BOM是递归的？怎么使用递归？· What is the usage of the following BOM settings?下面的BOM设定做什么用？ - Explosion type 展开类型- Relevant to production 生产相关的- Relevant to costing 成本核算标识相关- Material provision indicator 物料供应标识- Bulk material 散装物料- Production storage location 生产仓储地点Work Centers 工作中心· What is a work center category?什么是工作中心种类？· What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?在不同视图可以维护什么数据（基础数据，缺省值，能力，调度，成本核算等等）· What is the purpose of a standard value key? 标准值码是什么用途？· What role does the operation control key play?什么角色操作控制键的使用？ · What does referencing mean?涉及的意思？· Why to use a work center hierarchy?为什么用工作中心层次· What is a pooled capacity?什么是共享能力？· Analyze the usage of the following fields?分析下面字段的用途- Backflush indicator 反冲标识- Capacity category能力类别- Formulas for determining capacity requirements决定能力需求的公式- Rate of capacity utilization 生产能力系数- Relevant to finite scheduling indicator 有限排成指示器相关的- Overload 负荷- Formulas for scheduling 排成公司- Location group (move time matrix) 位置组- Queue times (normal and minimum) 标准排队时间最小排队时间- Cost center 成本中心- Activity types 活动类型- Formulas for costing 成本核算公式Routings 工艺路线· What does a routing define?什么是工艺路线的定义？· How is a routing structured?工艺路线的结构是怎样的？· What task list types are available in the R/3 System?在R/3系统中什么任务清单类型是可用的？· What is a routing group and group counter?什么是工艺路线组和组计数器？ · What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?什么是工艺路线顺序？什么是顺序类型是有效的？· What could be reasons to use sequences?什么是使用顺序的理由？· What are the various options to assign materials to routings?分配物料到工艺路线的不同选项是什么？· Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?在什么条件下分配组件到工序是有意义的？· What is a reference operation set?什么是参考工序设定？· How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?如何将内部生产时间更新到主物料中？Production Resources/Tools 生产资源和工序· What types of PRT are available?什么生产资源和工具类型是可用的？· What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?生产资源工具和工艺路线/作业是什么关联》、？Engineering Change Management技术变化管理· What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?技术变更管理的目标是什么？· What is the significance of changes with a history?改变的历史意义是什么？· Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?那些PP 对象能够维护的用技术变更管理？· What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?技术变更请求或命令的目的是什么？· How is a change master record structured?怎么改变物料记录结构？· What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?用主要的技术修改说明修订层次是什么？Other Issues 其它问题· Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?那种排成选项是有效的？她们之间有什么不同？· Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?考虑排成期间的时间组成？· How are basic order dates determined?订单的基础日期怎么决定的？· How are the scheduled dates determined?预定的时间怎么决定的？· Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?交货时间那个排成类型是可用的？· What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?在排成中什么角色减少度量的使用？· What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?在PP基础数据中什么报废类型可以维护的？在MRP不同的排成期间是怎么考虑进去的？· What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?什么是外部处理？什么条件必须实现在外部处理前能够发生？· What are co-products?什么是副产品？2. Production Planning 生产计划General Issues标准问题· What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?在R/3PP中不同的计划编制层是有效的？· What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?销售运作计划, 需求管理，长交期计划和物料需求计划之间是什么依赖关系？Sales and Operations Planning 销售运作计划· What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?销售运作计划的目的是什么？· What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?产品组的结构是什么？在SOP/DM/LTP/MRP中是怎么用的？· What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?产品组中的分摊因素，集成因素的作用是什么？· Which planning methods are available in SOP?针对销售运作计划那些计划编制方法是有效的？· Which sources are available as input data for SOP?针对销售运作计划那些输入数据源是有效的· Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?创建一个销售几乎那些选项是有效的？· Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?创建一个运作计划那些选项是有效的？· What is ‘disaggregation’?什么是分解？· How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?在PP计划环境中SOP是如何通过不同的计划工具传递结果的？Demand Management 需求管理· What is the purpose of Demand Management?需求管理的目的是什么？· At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?需求管理与销售分销的结合点在那里？· Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.说明面向库存生产，面向订单生产计划的逻辑，注意主数据的设定？· What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?销售冲销在计划策略上下文的意思，？· What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?面向订单生产期间在主物料中独立集中需求标志的任务是什么？· What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?什么是库存级别？他能产生的影响？· Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?那个有效性检查类型是有可用的？这些检查的特性是什么？· Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.说明MPR组，策略组，策略和需求类之间的关联· What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?什么设定能够影响需求类？· Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?描述需求管理版本的作用？Master Production Scheduling 主生产计划· Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?什么样的环境下，推荐使用MPS?· Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?比较MPS和MRP的功能性· What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?获取提议时‘坚定的’是什么意思？怎么可以达到效果？· What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?什么是计划时间栏栅，在那里定义？· What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?什么是手工固定日期，在那里定义？· How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?计划订单怎么固定，那种固定标志是有效的在计划订单中 Material Requirements Planning 物料需求计划· What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?MRP的目的，怎么实现他适合PP计划环境· How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options怎么组织MPR的运行，论述不同的选项- MRP for a plant – online联机的工厂MRP- MRP for a plant – in background后台运行的工厂MRP- MRP for a material (individual planning) – online个别计划，联机· Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?那个计划类型有效？· Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?应用中那个计划参数是自己设定的？· What is the function of the planning file?计划文件的功能是什么？· What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?单层多层计划的意思是什么？· What is meant by interactive MRP?交互式MRP的意思什么？· What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?假定模拟环境是运行的那么MRP的特性是什么？· What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?什么是低阶码,在MRP中是如何考虑的？· What is a net requirements calculation?什么是净需求计算？· Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)? 那个缓冲期是考虑的在MRP净需求计算中？（数量缓存：安全库存时间缓冲安全时间）· What does lot-size calculation entail?什么是批量大小计算的必须的？ · Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?在R/3系统中那个批量大小的程序是有效的？(静止的，周期的，最优化的程序)批量程序的特性是什么？· How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?在主物料定义中什么样的获取类型影响到MRP?· What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?什么是后置期，排成后置的特性？· What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?基础排成和交期排成之间的不同之处？· How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?在基础排程中订单截至日期是怎么确定的？· How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?在交期排成中订单截至日期是怎么确定的？· How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?主物料中定义的内部生产时间怎么影响排成的？· How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?排成关键如何影响排成的？· How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?MRP中怎么选择BOM的？BOM选择期间那个标准是被考虑的？· What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?什么是BOM选择ID· How are alternative BOMs selected?替代物料的选择？· What is a production version?什么是生产版本？· How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?在MRP中工艺路线是怎么选择的？什么标准是考虑的？· What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?什么是MRP列表？什么是仓库需求列表 ？她们之间有什么不同？· What is the function of exception messages?例外信息功能是什么？· What are planned orders?计划订单是什么？· What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?计划订单的独立集中的意思是什么？· What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?供货天数和收到供货天数是什么意思？· How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?在MRP时怎么是维护终止？3. Production Order Processing 生产订单处理General Issues· What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?订单生产的特性？· What is defined in a production order?生产订单是怎么定义的的？· What is a document type, an order category and an order type?什么是文档类型，订单种类和订单类型· What are the various elements that a production order contains?生产订单包含那些不同的元素？· Which functions are executed when an order is created?当订单创建那些功能是执行的？· What are the various options available for creating an order?创建工单什么不同的选项是有效的？· Describe the system logic during routing selection?描述工序选择期间系统逻辑· Describe the system logic during BOM selection?描述BOM选择期间系统逻辑· At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?在什么时间点预留产生？包含什么信息？· What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?怎么能激活执行“读取主数据”功能？· How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?工单创建期间工序顺序是怎么确定的？· Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?描述计划单集中转生产单？Order Release 订单释放· What happens when an order is released?订单释放是发生什么？· Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?那个操作是可能的？那些是禁止的一个工单释放？· What is meant by status management?状态管理是什么意思？· What are business transactions?商业处理什么意思？· What are the differences between system status and user status?系统状态和用户状态之间有什么不同？· At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?在那个时间点能够可用性检查？那个能够设定？那个必须设定？在那个对象能够能够可用性检测运行· What is meant by machine commitment?机械委托是什么意思？· What is meant by midpoint scheduling?排成中央点是什么意思？Printing 输出· Which shop floor papers can be printed?那个车间纸能够打印？· Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?那种输出模式是允许的？在先，更新，后台· What does “reprinting” mean?重复，是什么意思？· Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?订单文档能够打印前什么条件必须满足的？· Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? 车间纸能够打印前那些条件的操作必须满足？Goods Issue 发货· Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?在生产工单中那些控制标志影响到组件的行为（散装物料，反冲，虚拟件等）· What is meant by picking?采集的意思？· What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?库存决定什么意思？工单处理期间那种设定能够制造仓库决定？· What is a goods issue posting?什么是提交收货？· How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?怎么能够收货进入？参考到订单，参照到预留，无计划等 · What is the purpose of movement types?移动类型的目的？· What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?从视图的综合点确认发料后的影响· What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?组件反冲是什么意思？怎么能完成反冲？Confirmation 确认· Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?确认收货前那些条件必须满足的？· What is a confirmation?什么是确认？· Which functions are linked to confirmations?确认连接到那些功能？· Which confirmation procedures are available?那些确认程序是有效的？ · What data can be entered during confirmations?确认期间那些数据可以输入？ · What is a milestone confirmation?什么是里程碑式确认？· What is an unplanned milestone?什么是无计划里程碑？· What identifies a progress confirmation?怎么区别在此确认？· What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?确认期间控制键的操作角色是什么？· Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?确认可能关联到货物移动吗？· What is a goods receipt?什么是收货？· What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?收货确认的作用是什么？ · What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?交货完成标志的关联是什么？· What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?在主数据的 以交货/未交货容差是什么？Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting 订单结算/存档 和删除· What is meant by order settlement?工单结算什么意思？· What causes a production order to be debited/credited?什么因素可使生产工单到借贷方？· What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?计划成本和实际成本之间有什么不同？· Which are the usual steps during order settlement?工单结算通常的步骤？ · What means variance calculation?不同的计算（差异）是什么意思？· How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?如果抬头物料是是一个标准价格的物料，怎么订单结算？· At which points in time can an order be settled?在什么时间可以订单结算？ · Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?什么条件满足前订单可以存档？· How are orders archived/deleted?订单如何存档或删除？· What is meant by “residence times”?暂停时间是什么意思？Order Information Systems 订单信息系统· Which information systems can be used for order management?那个信息系统可以用到订单的管理？· What are the characteristics of the order information system?订单信息系统有那些特性？· What are variable object overviews?不同对象的一般看法· What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?一个多阶订单报表的特有特性是什么？· What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?订单信息系统和车间信息系统之间有什么区别？· Which functions are available from the order progress report?订单进展报工那个功能是可用的？1、主、副、联产品的区别？2、PP工序委外与MM委外加工的区别？3、不同工厂之间的需求传递如何实现？4、用到的策略有哪些？5、BOM中虚拟项的应用介绍？6、PP与CO的关联介绍（如费用的分摊）？7、实施项目中沟通与ERP技术的关系？8、表的查询，F1查询不到之外的方法？9、超级BOM的创建与应用？10、ERP业务流程的介绍？。
SAP_PP顾问认证考试试题及资料_[文档在线提供]
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Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type - Special procurement type- Production storage location- Backflush flag- Stock determination group- Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements- Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP? ∙What is ‘disaggregation’?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks? ∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options - MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself? ∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? ∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling? ∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?∙What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙What does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? ∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? ∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders?∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitivemanufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses? ∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
PP顾问的常见面试问题
PP顾问的常见面试问题SAP PP 顾问面试试题及资料1. Master Data 主数据Organizational Structures 组织结构· What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?什么是不同组织结构在R/3系统中· Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?那个R/3组织结构是首先用到的针对PP· What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage location控制区域，公司代码，评估范围，工厂和仓储位置之间的关联是什么？？Material Master主物料· What is the purpose of different material master views?不同的物料视图是什么用途？· Which views are available?那个视图是可能用到的？应该指的是PP模块· Which views are used primarily for PP?那些视图是主要应用的针对PP?· What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?物料视图和独立的组织结构之间有什么关联？· How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?行业领域如何影响到物料的维护？· How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?物料类型如何影响到主物料的维护？· What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?内部和外部分配号码之间有什么不同？在客户定制中怎么实现？· Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?那些因素能够影响到物料字段的选择？· How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?如何使 物料需求计划配置和预测配置用到优化物料维护？· How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?如何使一个物料重新编制，删除或激活？· Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?在主物料处理中那个单位能够影响· What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?什么是物料状态应用和那个层次能够维护他？· Review the usage of the following settings?叙述下面的设定方法？- MRP group 物料需求计划组- MRP type 物料类型- Reorder point 再定购点- Planning time fence 计划时间栏栅（计划时间中的各个段）- MRP controller 物料需求计划控制者- Lot size 批量大小- Procurement type 获取类型- Special procurement type 特定的获取类型- Production storage location 产品存储位置- Backflush flag 反冲标志- Stock determination group 库存确定组- Bulk material 散装物料- Scheduling margin key 计划边际码- Safety stock 安全库存- Strategy group 策略组- Consumption mode and consumption period 消费模式和消费期间- Availability checking group 可用性检查组- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collective requirements独立/集中- Production scheduler 生产调度员- Production scheduling profile 生产计划参数文件- Underdelivery/overdelivery tolerance 不足交货允差- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent) 厂内生产时间（相关批量大小、独立批量大小）- Valuation class 评估类- Price control indicator 价格控制- Moving average price/standard price 移动平均价、标准价格Bills of Material BOM· What is determined by BOM usage?什么决定了BOM的用途？· What technical types of BOM are available? 什么样的BOM技术类型是可用？ · Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?BOM技术类型能改变吗？· During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? 在那些处理期间BOM用途和状态是被考虑的？· When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?什么时候使用一组BOM 是有用的？· What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?有效范围和有效BOM是什么意思？· Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?那个项目种类是有效的，并且她们的说明是什么？· What is a sub-item?什么是子项目？· Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?在什么环境下BOM是递归的？怎么使用递归？· What is the usage of the following BOM settings?下面的BOM设定做什么用？ - Explosion type 展开类型- Relevant to production 生产相关的- Relevant to costing 成本核算标识相关- Material provision indicator 物料供应标识- Bulk material 散装物料- Production storage location 生产仓储地点Work Centers 工作中心· What is a work center category?什么是工作中心种类？· What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?在不同视图可以维护什么数据（基础数据，缺省值，能力，调度，成本核算等等）· What is the purpose of a standard value key? 标准值码是什么用途？· What role does the operation control key play?什么角色操作控制键的使用？ · What does referencing mean?涉及的意思？· Why to use a work center hierarchy?为什么用工作中心层次· What is a pooled capacity?什么是共享能力？· Analyze the usage of the following fields?分析下面字段的用途- Backflush indicator 反冲标识- Capacity category能力类别- Formulas for determining capacity requirements决定能力需求的公式- Rate of capacity utilization 生产能力系数- Relevant to finite scheduling indicator 有限排成指示器相关的- Overload 负荷- Formulas for scheduling 排成公司- Location group (move time matrix) 位置组- Queue times (normal and minimum) 标准排队时间最小排队时间- Cost center 成本中心- Activity types 活动类型- Formulas for costing 成本核算公式Routings 工艺路线· What does a routing define?什么是工艺路线的定义？· How is a routing structured?工艺路线的结构是怎样的？· What task list types are available in the R/3 System?在R/3系统中什么任务清单类型是可用的？· What is a routing group and group counter?什么是工艺路线组和组计数器？ · What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?什么是工艺路线顺序？什么是顺序类型是有效的？· What could be reasons to use sequences?什么是使用顺序的理由？· What are the various options to assign materials to routings?分配物料到工艺路线的不同选项是什么？· Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?在什么条件下分配组件到工序是有意义的？· What is a reference operation set?什么是参考工序设定？· How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?如何将内部生产时间更新到主物料中？Production Resources/Tools 生产资源和工序· What types of PRT are available?什么生产资源和工具类型是可用的？· What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?生产资源工具和工艺路线/作业是什么关联》、？Engineering Change Management技术变化管理· What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?技术变更管理的目标是什么？· What is the significance of changes with a history?改变的历史意义是什么？· Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?那些PP 对象能够维护的用技术变更管理？· What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?技术变更请求或命令的目的是什么？· How is a change master record structured?怎么改变物料记录结构？· What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?用主要的技术修改说明修订层次是什么？Other Issues 其它问题· Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?那种排成选项是有效的？她们之间有什么不同？· Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?考虑排成期间的时间组成？· How are basic order dates determined?订单的基础日期怎么决定的？· How are the scheduled dates determined?预定的时间怎么决定的？· Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?交货时间那个排成类型是可用的？· What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?在排成中什么角色减少度量的使用？· What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?在PP基础数据中什么报废类型可以维护的？在MRP不同的排成期间是怎么考虑进去的？· What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?什么是外部处理？什么条件必须实现在外部处理前能够发生？· What are co-products?什么是副产品？2. Production Planning 生产计划General Issues标准问题· What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?在R/3PP中不同的计划编制层是有效的？· What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?销售运作计划, 需求管理，长交期计划和物料需求计划之间是什么依赖关系？Sales and Operations Planning 销售运作计划· What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?销售运作计划的目的是什么？· What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?产品组的结构是什么？在SOP/DM/LTP/MRP中是怎么用的？· What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?产品组中的分摊因素，集成因素的作用是什么？· Which planning methods are available in SOP?针对销售运作计划那些计划编制方法是有效的？· Which sources are available as input data for SOP?针对销售运作计划那些输入数据源是有效的· Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?创建一个销售几乎那些选项是有效的？· Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?创建一个运作计划那些选项是有效的？· What is ‘disaggregation’?什么是分解？· How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?在PP计划环境中SOP是如何通过不同的计划工具传递结果的？Demand Management 需求管理· What is the purpose of Demand Management?需求管理的目的是什么？· At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?需求管理与销售分销的结合点在那里？· Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.说明面向库存生产，面向订单生产计划的逻辑，注意主数据的设定？· What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?销售冲销在计划策略上下文的意思，？· What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?面向订单生产期间在主物料中独立集中需求标志的任务是什么？· What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?什么是库存级别？他能产生的影响？· Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?那个有效性检查类型是有可用的？这些检查的特性是什么？· Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.说明MPR组，策略组，策略和需求类之间的关联· What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?什么设定能够影响需求类？· Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?描述需求管理版本的作用？Master Production Scheduling 主生产计划· Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?什么样的环境下，推荐使用MPS?· Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?比较MPS和MRP的功能性· What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?获取提议时‘坚定的’是什么意思？怎么可以达到效果？· What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?什么是计划时间栏栅，在那里定义？· What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?什么是手工固定日期，在那里定义？· How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?计划订单怎么固定，那种固定标志是有效的在计划订单中 Material Requirements Planning 物料需求计划· What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?MRP的目的，怎么实现他适合PP计划环境· How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options怎么组织MPR的运行，论述不同的选项- MRP for a plant – online联机的工厂MRP- MRP for a plant – in background后台运行的工厂MRP- MRP for a material (individual planning) – online个别计划，联机· Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?那个计划类型有效？· Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?应用中那个计划参数是自己设定的？· What is the function of the planning file?计划文件的功能是什么？· What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?单层多层计划的意思是什么？· What is meant by interactive MRP?交互式MRP的意思什么？· What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?假定模拟环境是运行的那么MRP的特性是什么？· What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?什么是低阶码,在MRP中是如何考虑的？· What is a net requirements calculation?什么是净需求计算？· Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)? 那个缓冲期是考虑的在MRP净需求计算中？（数量缓存：安全库存时间缓冲安全时间）· What does lot-size calculation entail?什么是批量大小计算的必须的？ · Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?在R/3系统中那个批量大小的程序是有效的？(静止的，周期的，最优化的程序)批量程序的特性是什么？· How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?在主物料定义中什么样的获取类型影响到MRP?· What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?什么是后置期，排成后置的特性？· What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?基础排成和交期排成之间的不同之处？· How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?在基础排程中订单截至日期是怎么确定的？· How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?在交期排成中订单截至日期是怎么确定的？· How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?主物料中定义的内部生产时间怎么影响排成的？· How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?排成关键如何影响排成的？· How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?MRP中怎么选择BOM的？BOM选择期间那个标准是被考虑的？· What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?什么是BOM选择ID· How are alternative BOMs selected?替代物料的选择？· What is a production version?什么是生产版本？· How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?在MRP中工艺路线是怎么选择的？什么标准是考虑的？· What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?什么是MRP列表？什么是仓库需求列表 ？她们之间有什么不同？· What is the function of exception messages?例外信息功能是什么？· What are planned orders?计划订单是什么？· What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?计划订单的独立集中的意思是什么？· What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?供货天数和收到供货天数是什么意思？· How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?在MRP时怎么是维护终止？3. Production Order Processing 生产订单处理General Issues· What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?订单生产的特性？· What is defined in a production order?生产订单是怎么定义的的？· What is a document type, an order category and an order type?什么是文档类型，订单种类和订单类型· What are the various elements that a production order contains?生产订单包含那些不同的元素？· Which functions are executed when an order is created?当订单创建那些功能是执行的？· What are the various options available for creating an order?创建工单什么不同的选项是有效的？· Describe the system logic during routing selection?描述工序选择期间系统逻辑· Describe the system logic during BOM selection?描述BOM选择期间系统逻辑· At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?在什么时间点预留产生？包含什么信息？· What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?怎么能激活执行“读取主数据”功能？· How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?工单创建期间工序顺序是怎么确定的？· Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?描述计划单集中转生产单？Order Release 订单释放· What happens when an order is released?订单释放是发生什么？· Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?那个操作是可能的？那些是禁止的一个工单释放？· What is meant by status management?状态管理是什么意思？· What are business transactions?商业处理什么意思？· What are the differences between system status and user status?系统状态和用户状态之间有什么不同？· At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?在那个时间点能够可用性检查？那个能够设定？那个必须设定？在那个对象能够能够可用性检测运行· What is meant by machine commitment?机械委托是什么意思？· What is meant by midpoint scheduling?排成中央点是什么意思？Printing 输出· Which shop floor papers can be printed?那个车间纸能够打印？· Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?那种输出模式是允许的？在先，更新，后台· What does “reprinting” mean?重复，是什么意思？· Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?订单文档能够打印前什么条件必须满足的？· Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? 车间纸能够打印前那些条件的操作必须满足？Goods Issue 发货· Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?在生产工单中那些控制标志影响到组件的行为（散装物料，反冲，虚拟件等）· What is meant by picking?采集的意思？· What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?库存决定什么意思？工单处理期间那种设定能够制造仓库决定？· What is a goods issue posting?什么是提交收货？· How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?怎么能够收货进入？参考到订单，参照到预留，无计划等 · What is the purpose of movement types?移动类型的目的？· What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?从视图的综合点确认发料后的影响· What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?组件反冲是什么意思？怎么能完成反冲？Confirmation 确认· Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?确认收货前那些条件必须满足的？· What is a confirmation?什么是确认？· Which functions are linked to confirmations?确认连接到那些功能？· Which confirmation procedures are available?那些确认程序是有效的？ · What data can be entered during confirmations?确认期间那些数据可以输入？ · What is a milestone confirmation?什么是里程碑式确认？· What is an unplanned milestone?什么是无计划里程碑？· What identifies a progress confirmation?怎么区别在此确认？· What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?确认期间控制键的操作角色是什么？· Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?确认可能关联到货物移动吗？· What is a goods receipt?什么是收货？· What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?收货确认的作用是什么？ · What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?交货完成标志的关联是什么？· What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?在主数据的 以交货/未交货容差是什么？Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting 订单结算/存档 和删除· What is meant by order settlement?工单结算什么意思？· What causes a production order to be debited/credited?什么因素可使生产工单到借贷方？· What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?计划成本和实际成本之间有什么不同？· Which are the usual steps during order settlement?工单结算通常的步骤？ · What means variance calculation?不同的计算（差异）是什么意思？· How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?如果抬头物料是是一个标准价格的物料，怎么订单结算？· At which points in time can an order be settled?在什么时间可以订单结算？ · Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?什么条件满足前订单可以存档？· How are orders archived/deleted?订单如何存档或删除？· What is meant by “residence times”?暂停时间是什么意思？Order Information Systems 订单信息系统· Which information systems can be used for order management?那个信息系统可以用到订单的管理？· What are the characteristics of the order information system?订单信息系统有那些特性？· What are variable object overviews?不同对象的一般看法· What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?一个多阶订单报表的特有特性是什么？· What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?订单信息系统和车间信息系统之间有什么区别？· Which functions are available from the order progress report?订单进展报工那个功能是可用的？1、主、副、联产品的区别？2、PP工序委外与MM委外加工的区别？3、不同工厂之间的需求传递如何实现？4、用到的策略有哪些？5、BOM中虚拟项的应用介绍？6、PP与CO的关联介绍（如费用的分摊）？7、实施项目中沟通与ERP技术的关系？8、表的查询，F1查询不到之外的方法？9、超级BOM的创建与应用？10、ERP业务流程的介绍？。
SAP_PP顾问认证考试试题及资料_[文档在线提供]
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Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storagelocation- Backflush flag- Stock determination group- Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile - Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements- Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?∙What is ‘disaggregation’?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks? ∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? ∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?∙What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists? ∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙Wh at does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? ∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived? ∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? ∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report? Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders? ∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitivemanufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses? ∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
sap技术面试题
sap技术面试题在进行SAP技术面试前，准备充分是非常重要的。
以下是一些常见的SAP技术面试题，通过了解这些问题及其答案，可以帮助您更好地应对和准备面试。
问题1：请简要介绍一下SAP系统及其组成部分。
答：SAP（Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing）是企业级应用软件的领先提供商。
SAP系统由若干组件组成，其中最常见的组件包括SAP ERP（企业资源计划）、SAP BW（商务智能）、SAP CRM（客户关系管理）等。
问题2：请解释一下SAP ECC系统是什么？它有哪些模块？答：SAP ECC（Enterprise Central Component）是SAP ERP系统的核心组件，它包含了企业的主要功能和流程。
SAP ECC系统主要由以下模块组成：1. 采购管理（MM）：处理采购订单、供应商管理等。
2. 销售与分销（SD）：处理销售订单、客户管理等。
3. 财务会计（FI）：处理财务报表、总账记账等。
4. 控制管理（CO）：处理成本控制、利润中心等。
5. 人力资源管理（HR）：处理员工管理、薪资核算等。
问题3：什么是SAP HANA？它有何优点？答：SAP HANA（High-Performance Analytic Appliance）是SAP开发的内存数据库和应用平台。
它具有以下优点：1. 性能提升：SAP HANA通过将数据加载到内存中，大大加快了数据查询和分析的速度。
2. 实时分析：SAP HANA可以实现实时数据分析，使企业能够更快地做出决策。
3. 数据集成：SAP HANA支持多种数据源的集成，可以方便地从不同系统中提取和整合数据。
4. 简化IT架构：SAP HANA可以将不同系统的功能整合到一个平台上，减少了企业的IT复杂性。
问题4：在SAP系统中，什么是SAP ABAP？它的作用是什么？答：SAP ABAP（Advanced Business Application Programming）是SAP系统的一种编程语言，用于开发、定制和扩展SAP应用程序。
SAP面试教程(常用整理)
求职面试时常被问到的65个问题与技巧性回答1、请你自我介绍一下你自己？回答提示：一般人回答这个问题过于平常，只说姓名、年龄、爱好、工作经验，这些在简历上都有。
其实，企业最希望知道的是求职者能否胜任工作，包括：最强的技能、最深入研究的知识领域、个性中最积极的部分、做过的最成功的事，主要的成就等，这些都可以和学习无关，也可以和学习有关，但要突出积极的个性和做事的能力，说得合情合理企业才会相信。
企业很重视一个人的礼貌，求职者要尊重考官，在回答每个问题之后都说一句“谢谢”，企业喜欢有礼貌的求职者。
2、你觉得你个性上最大的优点是什么？回答提示：沉着冷静、条理清楚、立场坚定、顽强向上、乐于助人和关心他人、适应能力和幽默感、乐观和友爱。
我在XX经过一到两年的培训及项目实战，加上实习工作，使我适合这份工作。
3、说说你最大的缺点？回答提示：这个问题企业问的概率很大，通常不希望听到直接回答的缺点是什么等，如果求职者说自己小心眼、爱忌妒人、非常懒、脾气大、工作效率低，企业肯定不会录用你。
绝对不要自作聪明地回答“我最大的缺点是过于追求完美”，有的人以为这样回答会显得自己比较出色，但事实上，他已经岌岌可危了。
企业喜欢求职者从自己的优点说起，中间加一些小缺点，最后再把问题转回到优点上，突出优点的部分，企业喜欢聪明的求职者。
4、你对加班的看法？回答提示：实际上好多公司问这个问题，并不证明一定要加班，只是想测试你是否愿意为公司奉献。
回答样本：如果是工作需要我会义不容辞加班，我现在单身，没有任何家庭负担，可以全身心的投入工作。
但同时，我也会提高工作效率，减少不必要的加班。
5、你对薪资的要求？回答提示：如果你对薪酬的要求太低，那显然贬低自己的能力；如果你对薪酬的要求太高，那又会显得你分量过重，公司受用不起。
一些雇主通常都事先对求聘的职位定下开支预算，因而他们第一次提出的价钱往往是他们所能给予的最高价钱，他们问你只不过想证实一下这笔钱是否足以引起你对该工作的兴趣。
SAP+PP模块考试试题
SAP+PP模块考试试题SAP PP模块考试试题一、填空题(每空1分，共计20分)1、工艺路线是一系列工序，说明了产品生产或加工零件的工艺过程及所使用的资源。
在工艺路线中可以对每个工序指定工作中心。
工艺路线对作业计划、能力计划、生成车间文件及产品成本提供了重要的信息。
2、对于生产计划与控制、物料、物料单(BOMS)、工艺路线(RoutingS)和工作中心(work center)是不可缺少的对象。
3、物料主数据的三个屏幕画面分别称为: 屏幕画面、屏幕画面、、屏幕画面。
4、在SAP R/3系统中创建一张生产订单，需要对物料主数据维护那些视图:基本数据1、基本数据2、、。
5、在MRP2视图中，自制件“采购类型”字段维护为: 、外购件“采购类型”字段维护为: 、即可以自制又可以外购“采购类型”字段维护为: 。
6、在MRP3视图中，当我想设置该物料为净需求(即纯按单生产时)，“策略组”、“消耗模式”字段维护为: 、“消耗期间:逆向”字段维护字段维护为: 为: 、“向前消耗期间”字段维护为: 。
在MRP1视图中，当我们想设置该物料按照重订货点的方式补充需求时，“MRP7、类型”字段应维护为: 、“批量”字段应维护为: 。
8、创建BOM的三个基本条件是:料号、、。
9、对工厂指派BOM的事务代码是: 。
10、逐层显示BOM的事务代码是: 。
二、单项选择题(每项2分，共计20分)1 在产品成本计算中，每个工厂必须有一个单独的( )。
A、评估范围 B、工厂 C、集团 D、存储位置2 ( )用于制造的基本组织单元。
A、成本中心B、工作中心C、工厂D、存储位置3 ( )物料类型即不需要价值更新，也不需要数量更新。
A、FERT C、ROH D、HALB D、NLAG 4 “5900062”物料要求即可以自制也可以外购，在MRP2视图->“采购类型”字段维护为( )。
A、空B、XC、ED、F 5 我们在实际采购和料耗过程中，往往涉及到单位转换问题，在SAP R/3系统中，单位转换关系维护在物料主档的( )屏幕湖面。
SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料_中文
SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料1。
主数据组织架构•SAP中主要的组织架构有哪些？哪些用于PP的组织架构？•成本控制范围、公司代码、估价范围、工厂、库存地点之间的关系物料主数据•不同的物料主数据视图的作用？•你们公司用到了哪些视图，哪些视图主要用在PP模块？•物料主数据视图与组织架构之间有哪些联系？•行业对物料主数据视图有哪些影响？•物料类型对物料主数据的影响？•外部和内部编号分配的差异？如何定制？•哪些因素会影响物料主数据的选择字段？•MRP的参数文件和预测参数如何用于物料主数据维护的优化？•物料主数据如何重组？（删除/存档）？•物料主数据中哪些计量单位可以影响到公司运作（基本单位，生产单位，订单单位等）？•物料有哪些状态？分别处于哪一个组织层次上，能够在哪些层次上更改？•介绍一下以下字段的用途- MRP组- MRP类型- 重订货点- 计划周期- MRP控制者- 批量- 采购获取类型- 特殊采购类型- 发货仓储地点- 反冲标志- 库存确定组- 散装物料- 计划边际码- 安全库存- 策略组- 消耗模式和消费期间- 可用性检查组- 替代选择标志- 独立/集中- 生产调度员- 生产计划参数文件- 不足交货/过度交货容差- 厂内生产时间（取决于批量/独立）-评估类- 价格控制- 移动平均价格/标准价格物料BOM•你们公司BOM的用途有哪些？•你们公司采用哪些BOM的技术类型？技术类型能否改变？（简单、派生、多重）•BOM用用途与状态从维护主数据到生产过程中会经过哪些改变？•你们公司有无使用集团BOM？•你们公司如何检查BOM的正确及有效性•BOM项目中有哪些项目类别，这些类别的作用？•什么是子项目？•在什么情况下BOM可以是递归的，递归标志的用法？•以下BOM设置的用途？- 展开类型- 相关生产- 成本核算相关- 物料供应ID- 散装物料- 发货仓储地点工作中心•工作中心类型的定义，你们公司使用了哪几类？工作中心的视图有哪些？一般维护了什么样的数据？（基本，缺省值，，能力，调度，成本核算等）？•什么是标准值？它的主要作用是什么？•你们公司的控制码有哪些？它的主要作用？参照指示符的作用？•有无使用工作中心的层次结构，它的作用？共享能力是什么？•解释一下下列字段的用途？- 反冲标志- 能力类别- 能力中公式- 能力利用率- 计划细节中的和有限计划相关指标- 过载- 计划公式- 位置组（移动时间矩阵）- 排队时间（正常和最小）- 成本中心- 作业类型- 成本计算公式工艺路线•ROUTING的定义及结构？•工艺路线有哪些任务清单类型?•什么是工艺路线组和组计数器？•什么是工艺路线顺序，有哪些标准的顺序类型？哪些情况下需要使用顺序？•如何分配物料去工艺路线，有几种操作方式？•在哪种情况下必须进行组件分配？•什么是参照工序集？如何使用？•如何根据工序中的批量计算与更新物料主数据中的厂内生产时间生产资源/工具•PRT的种类？你们公司使用哪几类？•PRTS与工艺路线的关系？工程更改管理•工程更改管理的目的是什么？•什么是同一个历史变化的意义？•哪些PP对象可以使用工程更改管理？•工程更改请求/订单的目的？•如何改变主记录结构？•什么是调整的水平相比，工程变更主人？其他问题•哪些调度可供选择，以及它们如何互相区别？•哪些是考虑到在调度时间的组成部分？•基本秩序的日期是如何确定的？•如何的日期确定的？•哪些类型的铅调度实时调度提供？•什么样的作用发挥调度减排措施？•什么类型的废料可在PP中的基本数据，以及如何保持他们会认为双子期间MRP的调度？•什么是对外加工，必须在什么条件下完成对外加工，可以进行？•什么是共同的产品？2。
SAP PP 顾问认证考试试题及资料
w w w.er p do wn.co m Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?w w w.er p do wn.co m•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?w w w.er p do wn.co mOther Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?w w w.er p do wn.co mMaster Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?w w w.er p do wn.co m3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•What can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?w w w.er p do wn.co mConfirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?w w w.er p do wn.co m4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?w w w.er p do wn.co mPlanning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?r p d o wn.co mEarly Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?w ww.e。
sap_pp__顾问认证考试试题及资料_
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
sap pp面试题
sap pp面试题在SAP (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing) 的生产计划（Production Planning，简称PP）模块中，面试官经常会问及一些与PP相关的问题，以评估应聘者的技能和经验。
本文将介绍一些常见的SAP PP面试题，以帮助应聘者为面试做好准备。
一、SAP PP简介SAP PP是SAP ERP系统中的一个模块，用于管理和监控生产过程中的不同环节。
它可以帮助企业规划、控制和监测其生产活动，以确保生产资源的高效利用，并提供可追溯性和可靠的生产数据。
二、常见面试题以下是一些常见的SAP PP面试题，供应聘者参考：1. 请简要介绍一下SAP PP模块。
SAP PP模块是SAP ERP系统中的一个关键模块，用于支持企业的生产计划和控制。
它涵盖了整个生产过程，从需求计划、物料需求计划（MRP）、生产订单、工艺路线和工作中心管理等方面，以确保生产计划的顺利执行。
2. 你在SAP PP中使用过哪些主要功能？在SAP PP中我使用过的主要功能包括：需求管理、物料需求计划、生产订单管理、工艺路线和工作中心管理、生产计划评估等。
3. 如何创建生产订单？在SAP PP中，可以通过交易码CO01来创建生产订单。
在创建生产订单时，需指定生产订单类型、生产工厂、物料号码、生产数量、优先级等信息，并关联相应的工艺路线和工作中心。
4. 如何进行物料需求计划（MRP）运行？在SAP PP中，可以通过交易码MD02来进行物料需求计划（MRP）运行。
通过MRP运行，系统将根据预定的参数和规则，自动生成对所需物料的需求计划，并为其生成相应的采购申请或生产订单。
5. 请解释一下工艺路线的概念。
工艺路线是SAP PP中的一个重要概念，它定义了产品的制造过程和相关操作的顺序。
工艺路线包括各个操作步骤、所需的工作中心、工序时间、物料组件以及质量检查标准等关键信息。
SAP顾问面试问题
SAP顾问面试问题以下是我个人目前遇到的一些FI/CO问题的小结，希望对大家有所帮助，也可能有回答错误的地方，希望高手不吝赐教。
也希望各位顾问们讲你们遇到的一些面试问题做个跟贴，方便大家共同进步，谢谢。
Q：假设你作为SAP的顾问，请介绍SAP系统中统驭科目的用处。
A: 统驭科目（reconciliation account）指的就是将明细科目归集起来的意思。
系统总帐科目表中包括统驭科目，该统驭科目是与应收模块、应付模块、固定资产模块有关的，其中长、短期借款运用了应付模块的功能，也成为了统驭科目。
假设用户在Customer Master Data设定错误，将Reconciliation Account输入错误，作为顾问如何将系统的错误数据调整正确？利用统驭科目的修改功能.在实际业务过程，我们可能会发生统驭科目选用错误，此时就要用到统驭科目的变更功能。
如客户A的统驭科目被误选为11310101，并有一笔分录输入，假设为1000元，此时的总帐科目11310101就有1000元余额，事后发现用错统驭科目，为此在此客房的主数据中更改统驭科目假设为113102101（注意这并不会更改已过入11310101的1000元），更改完毕后，至月末（假设本月只有一笔分录及余额为1000元）运行客户重组程序，系统会产生借：11310299（系11310201的调整科目，但非统驭科目）1000贷：11310199（系11310101的调整科目，但非统驭科目）1000，在报表层次上11310101与11310199被安排在一行后余额变为0，11310201与11310299被安排在一行后余额变为1000，这样在报表层次就将由于选错统驭科目而产生的错误纠正了。
第二个月初，系统会自动运行相反的调整分录，借：11310199（系11310101的调整科目，但非统驭科目）1000贷：11310299（系11310201的调整科目，但非统驭科目）1000。
SAP PP 试题
SAP PP 试题SAP PP 培训考题姓名：得分：一、判断题（1分/题，总计10分）项次 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 问题 MPS只能跑出计划工单刚创建的生产订单状态为REL 工作中心是用于制造的基本组织单元一个成本中心可以对应多个工作中心生产订单系统状态PDLV表示生产订单已经部分报工物料主档中的批量字段FX表示固定批量大小觉得一个物料是否计入计划成本，可以在物料清单中设置系统状态CRTD会释放生产订单对应的未清预留生产订单重读主数据的前提是没有发料或者报工回答□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错□对□错评论一个成本收集器可以对应多个生产版本□对□错□对□错二、不定项选择（3分/题共30分）项次 1 问题 BOM中的项目L代表什么回答□库存项目□文本项目□非库存项目□类项目□财务凭证□会计凭证□物料凭证□库存数量变化□通过MRP自动生产□手工维护□计划订单转换□复制别的订单产生□610分钟□660分钟□630分钟□110分钟评论 2 货物移动肯定会产生？ 3 生产订单的产生方式不可以是 4 把6台机床设为一个工作中心，A每台机床的可用能力为10小时，机床的装备时间为10分钟，加工一个B产品需要5分钟，现有一生产订单需生产B 产品120个，用其中3台设备生产B的能力需求为？SAP PP 培训考题 5 以下哪个是属于期间批量法则□EX □WB □FX □VB □物料BOM □文档BOM □采购订单BOM □功能位置BOM 6 按照BOM体系，将BOM划分为 7 在维护工艺路线时，我们会用到“组件分配”功能，其作用是? □没有实质作用□发料准确□对产品的交期会有影响□决定组件何时出仓□“向前”是依生产订单的开始日期计算完成日期□“向前”是依生产订单的完成日期计算开始日期□“向后”是依生产订单的开始日期计算完成日期□“向后”是依生产订单的完成日期计算开始日期□计划订单的子件需求在 SAP中叫做“相关需求” □计划订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“预留” □生产订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“相关需求” □生产订单的子件需求在SAP中叫做“预留” □会把独立需求数据纳入计算□会把销售订单需求纳入计算□如果独立需求数量为100，销售订单的数量也是100，MRP计算后，产生的计划订单是200 □如果独立需求数量为100，销售订单的数量也是100，MRP计算后，产生的计划订单是100 8 关于生产订单的调度类型，描述正确的是 9 描述正确的是？ 10 关于计划策略10，在MRP计算时，描述正确的是 2 SAP PP 培训考题三、填空题（1分/空共10分）1、控制一个物料是否反冲可以在（）和（）进行设置2、订单创建后，需要（）才能做后续的发料，报工，收货等动作3、设置一个组件的默认发料库存可以在（）和（）和（）进行设置4、刚创建的未下达的生产订单，做完技术关闭后，是从（）状态变为（）状态5、控制一个物料是否是虚拟键，需要在主数据中设置（）为（）四、问答题（共50分）1、PP方面的主数据主要有哪些（4分）2、简述生产订单的基本流程（6分）3SAP PP 培训考题3画出完整的MRP流程图（10分）4、SAP系统中生产相关的损耗率都有哪些？分别说明其作用，并针对以下情况计算原材料的需求用量：假设一个原材料，它自己本身的部件损耗率为2%，而其上阶的组装装配率为3%，假设其上阶成品的独立需求为100，其上阶的供给为0，生产1件成品需要1件原材料，没有其他批量约束条件，运行MRP后，原材料的需求数量为？（10分）4SAP PP 培训考题5、请用图表示出生产的组织层次关系，请说明生产组织层次的作用（10分）6画图阐述基于重订货点计划的原理，并计算：如果一个物料的MRP类型为VB，重订货点位100，安全库存为8，当前供给为10，存在相关需求200，批量设为HB，最大库存1000，运行MRP后系统产生的订货建议是多少？（10分）5SAP PP 培训考题附加题（10分）1、请分别阐述策略40以及策略506感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
【财务培训讲义】sappp顾问认证考试试题及讲义
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?。
(sap实施)sap_pp__顾问认证考试试题及资料_
Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures•What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?•Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?•What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master•What is the purpose of different material master views?•Which views are available?•Which views are used primarily for PP?•What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?•How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?•How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?•What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?•Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?•How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?•How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?•Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?•What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?•Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence- MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type- Special procurement type - Production storage location - Backflush flag- Stock determination group - Bulk material- Scheduling margin key- Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period - Availability checking group- Alternative selection flag- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collectiverequirements- Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdeliverytolerance- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)- Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving average price/standard priceBills of Material•What is determined by BOM usage?•What technical types of BOM are available?•Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?•During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? •When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?•What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?•Which item categories are available and what are their specifications? •What is a sub-item?•Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?•What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing - Material provision indicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers•What is a work center category?•What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?•What is the purpose of a standard value key?•What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?•Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?•Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator- Capacity category- Formulas for determining capacity requirements- Rate of capacity utilization- Relevant to finite schedulingindicator- Overload - Formulas for scheduling- Location group (move time matrix) - Queue times (normal andminimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings•What does a routing define?•How is a routing structured?•What task list types are available in the R/3 System?•What is a routing group and group counter?•What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?•What could be reasons to use sequences?•What are the various options to assign materials to routings?•Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?•What is a reference operation set?•How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools•What types of PRT are available?•What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?Engineering Change Management•What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?•What is the significance of changes with a history?•Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?•What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?•How is a change master record structured?•What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues•Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?•Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?•How are basic order dates determined?•How are the scheduled dates determined?•Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?•What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?•What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?•What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?•What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues•What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?•What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning•What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?•What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?•What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?•Which planning methods are available in SOP?•Which sources are available as input data for SOP?•Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?•Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?•What is ‘disaggregation’?•How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management•What is the purpose of Demand Management?•At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?•Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.•What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?•What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?•What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?•Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?•Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.•What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?•Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling•Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?•Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?•What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved? •What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?•What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?•How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning•What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?•How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options- MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online•Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?•Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?•What is the function of the planning file?•What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?•What is meant by interactive MRP?•What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode? •What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?•What is a net requirements calculation?•Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?•What does lot-size calculation entail?•Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?•How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?•What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?•What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?•How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?•How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling? •How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?•How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection? •What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?•How are alternative BOMs selected?•What is a production version?•How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?•What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?•What is the function of exception messages?•What are planned orders?•What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?•What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?•How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues•What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?•What is defined in a production order?•What is a document type, an order category and an order type?•What are the various elements that a production order contains?•Which functions are executed when an order is created?•What are the various options available for creating an order?•Describe the system logic during routing selection?•Describe the system logic during BOM selection?•At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?•Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data” function?•How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?•Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release•What happens when an order is released?•Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?•What is meant by status management?•What are business transactions?•What are the differences between system status and user status?•At which points in time can availability checks be performed? Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?•What is meant by machine commitment?•What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing•Which shop floor papers can be printed?•Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?•What does “reprinting” mean?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?•Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed?Goods Issue•Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantom assembly, etc.)?•What is meant by picking?•What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing?•What is a goods issue posting?•How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?•What is the purpose of movement types?•What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?•What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation•Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?•What is a confirmation?•Which functions are linked to confirmations?•Which confirmation procedures are available?•What data can be entered during confirmations?•What is a milestone confirmation?•What is an unplanned milestone?•What identifies a progress confirmation?•What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?•Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?•What is a goods receipt?•What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?•What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?•What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play? Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting•What is meant by order settlement?•What causes a production order to be debited/credited?•What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?•Which are the usual steps during order settlement?•What means variance calculation?•How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?•At which points in time can an order be settled?•Which conditions must be fulfilled before an order can be archived?•How are orders archived/deleted?•What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems•Which information systems can be used for order management?•What are the characteristics of the order information system?•What are variable object overviews?•What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report?•What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?•Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options•What options are available for automating the processing of orders?•What role does the production scheduling profile play?•Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?•Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders•What are the characteristics of collective orders?•How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?•What are the advantages of working with collective orders?•Which functions can be performed on collective orders?•How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?•What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues•What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?•What is a cost component?•What is a cost component split?•Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.•What is a costing type?•What settings can be done in a valuation variant?•How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing•Describe base unit costing•Which master data are required for base unit costing?•How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure•What is meant by quantity structure?•Describe costing w/o quantity structure•Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure•Describe cost estimation with quatity structure•How can the quantity structure be determined?•What is activity based costing?•How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?•What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues•What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?•What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitive manufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?•Describe the the following material master data:- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?•Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?•What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material? What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing•What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision•Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.•Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush•What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?•Explain the functions of final backflush.•How can production activities be entered in the system?•What is meant by post processing list?•What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?•What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations•Which evaluations are available?•What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse•What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?•Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?•What data are evaluated by the information systems?•What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?•Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?•Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?•What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses•What are standard analyses?•Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?•Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?•Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System•What is an “early warning system”?•What are the various applications for the early warning system?•How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses?•What is an exception analysis?•Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?•Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actual comparison)?Flexible Analyses•What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?•What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
2021年sap实施顾问面试问题
The most difficult thing in life is not hard work or struggle, but making the right choices.通用参考模板（WORD文档/A4打印/可编辑/页眉可删）sap实施顾问面试问题You wish to procure a material using a purchase order. You wish to take delivery of the material at different times.A graduated discount scale exists for the material. How do you proceed if you wish to take advantage of the discount arrangement?Answers:A) Enter several order items with the same material number and different delivery dates.B) Enter one order item with the material number and assign the material to different accounts.C) Enter an order item with the material number and create a number of schedule lines.D) Enter a number of purchase orders for the material and specify different delivery dates.In the purchase order on which the goods receipt is based, you defined a purchase order unit that differs from the purchase order unit. What is the significance of the purchase order price unit and what should you take note of in the case of a goods receipts?Answers:A) The purchase order price unit is stored in the material master record or purchasing info record and defines the unit of measure in which the material is ordered.B) The system establishes the relationship between the purchase order price unit and the purchase order unit conversion in the purchase order.C) At the time of goods receipt, both the quantity in the purchase order unit and the quantity in the purchase order price unit have to be entered, however, the quantity in purchase order piece unit is calculated by the system. You have to change it when the calculated quantity differs from reality.D) Both at the time of goods receipt and invoice verification, the material is valuated on the basis of the purchase order unit.面试SAPMM顾问中会问些什么1、什么是审批释放和审批释放代码？2、可以配置没有分类的采购审批策略吗？3、采购审批策略最多有多少层？4、报价中可以配置SCALES吗？5、什么是冻结库存？何时可以使用？6、货物返回供应商是什么移动类型？如何反转reverse？7、SAP外包中的差异怎么处理？8、数据迁移系统中有什么可用的'工具？9、lsmw和CATT之间的区别是什么？10、如何写功能开发需求说明书？。
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SAP PP顾问面试试题及资料1。
主数据组织架构•SAP中主要的组织架构有哪些？哪些用于PP的组织架构？•成本控制范围、公司代码、估价范围、工厂、库存地点之间的关系物料主数据•不同的物料主数据视图的作用？•你们公司用到了哪些视图，哪些视图主要用在PP模块？•物料主数据视图与组织架构之间有哪些联系？•行业对物料主数据视图有哪些影响？•物料类型对物料主数据的影响？•外部和内部编号分配的差异？如何定制？•哪些因素会影响物料主数据的选择字段？•MRP的参数文件和预测参数如何用于物料主数据维护的优化？•物料主数据如何重组？（删除/存档）？•物料主数据中哪些计量单位可以影响到公司运作（基本单位，生产单位，订单单位等）？•物料有哪些状态？分别处于哪一个组织层次上，能够在哪些层次上更改？•介绍一下以下字段的用途- MRP组- MRP类型- 重订货点- 计划周期- MRP控制者- 批量- 采购获取类型- 特殊采购类型- 发货仓储地点- 反冲标志- 库存确定组- 散装物料- 计划边际码- 安全库存- 策略组- 消耗模式和消费期间- 可用性检查组- 替代选择标志- 独立/集中- 生产调度员- 生产计划参数文件- 不足交货/过度交货容差- 厂内生产时间（取决于批量/独立）-评估类- 价格控制- 移动平均价格/标准价格物料BOM•你们公司BOM的用途有哪些？•你们公司采用哪些BOM的技术类型？技术类型能否改变？（简单、派生、多重）•BOM用用途与状态从维护主数据到生产过程中会经过哪些改变？•你们公司有无使用集团BOM？•你们公司如何检查BOM的正确及有效性•BOM项目中有哪些项目类别，这些类别的作用？•什么是子项目？•在什么情况下BOM可以是递归的，递归标志的用法？•以下BOM设置的用途？- 展开类型- 相关生产- 成本核算相关- 物料供应ID- 散装物料- 发货仓储地点工作中心•工作中心类型的定义，你们公司使用了哪几类？工作中心的视图有哪些？一般维护了什么样的数据？（基本，缺省值，，能力，调度，成本核算等）？•什么是标准值？它的主要作用是什么？•你们公司的控制码有哪些？它的主要作用？参照指示符的作用？•有无使用工作中心的层次结构，它的作用？共享能力是什么？•解释一下下列字段的用途？- 反冲标志- 能力类别- 能力中公式- 能力利用率- 计划细节中的和有限计划相关指标- 过载- 计划公式- 位置组（移动时间矩阵）- 排队时间（正常和最小）- 成本中心- 作业类型- 成本计算公式工艺路线•ROUTING的定义及结构？•工艺路线有哪些任务清单类型?•什么是工艺路线组和组计数器？•什么是工艺路线顺序，有哪些标准的顺序类型？哪些情况下需要使用顺序？•如何分配物料去工艺路线，有几种操作方式？•在哪种情况下必须进行组件分配？•什么是参照工序集？如何使用？•如何根据工序中的批量计算与更新物料主数据中的厂内生产时间生产资源/工具•PRT的种类？你们公司使用哪几类？•PRTS与工艺路线的关系？工程更改管理•工程更改管理的目的是什么？•什么是同一个历史变化的意义？•哪些PP对象可以使用工程更改管理？•工程更改请求/订单的目的？•如何改变主记录结构？•什么是调整的水平相比，工程变更主人？其他问题•哪些调度可供选择，以及它们如何互相区别？•哪些是考虑到在调度时间的组成部分？•基本秩序的日期是如何确定的？•如何的日期确定的？•哪些类型的铅调度实时调度提供？•什么样的作用发挥调度减排措施？•什么类型的废料可在PP中的基本数据，以及如何保持他们会认为双子期间MRP 的调度？•什么是对外加工，必须在什么条件下完成对外加工，可以进行？•什么是共同的产品？2。
生产计划一般问题•在PP模块中有哪些有效的计划层次？•在SOP、需求管理，长期规划、MRP之间的依赖关系？销售和运营计划•SOP的目的？•你们公司产品组的结构是什么？如何应用在SOP/DM/LTP/MRP中？•产品组中合计因子、分解比例因子的作用？•哪些计划方法在SOP可以使用？- 输入SOP数据时可使用哪些数据源？- •SOP中哪些选择可用于创建一个销售计划？哪些选项可用于创建一个运营计划？•什么是'分类'？•在PP计划环境中怎么使用各种不同的计划工具将SOP结果传送到其它模块？需求管理•需求管理的目的？•需求管理与销售及分销从何处开始集成在一起？•描述Make-to-Stock与Make-to-Order的异同，主数据有何异同？- •什么是消耗分别减少意味着在计划战略中？•在Make-to-Order中物料主数据中“独立/集中”标志主要起什么样的作用？•什么是库存水平，它受哪些因素影响？•哪些类型的可用性检查可用（ATP和对计划的检查），这些可用性检查的特点分别是？•解释一下MRP的组之间，组策略，策略和需求类的联系。
•需求类中有哪些定制（PP与SD端）？•解释需求管理中版本管理的目的？主生产计划•MPS一般使用在在什么情况下？•比较MPS与MRP的功能？•什么是确实的采购建议，以及如何配置才能达到这种效果？•什么是计划的时界，在何处定义？•什么是manual firming time,在何处定义？•计划订单如何被确认，计划订单中哪一个确认标志为有效？物料需求计划•MRP的目的，它的适用范围？•你将如何组织MRP的运行？介绍一下你们公司的做法- 对工厂运行MRP –在线- 对工厂运行MRP -- 后台- 对单独一个物料运行MRP - 在线•使用了哪些计划类型（NEUPL再生计划，NETCH总水平的净变化，NETPL计划水平的净变化）？•运行MRP时需要设定哪些MRP控制参数？•计划文件的作用？•MRP中单层多层是什么意思？•交互MRP（MD43）的意思？•MRP模拟模式下执行的特点？•什么是低层次的代码，它是如何在MRP的考虑？•计算净需求是指？•在MRP净需求计算需要考虑哪些缓冲区（数量缓冲区：安全库存，时间缓冲：安全时间）？•为什么需要批量计算？•在SAP中有哪些批处理程序（静态，定期和优化处理）吗？这些批量处理程序的特点？•在物料主数据中定义的采购类型对MRP有哪些影响？•什么是后台运行？后台运行的特点？•Basic scheduling与lead time scheduling有何不同？- •在Basic scheduling中订单截止日期是如何确定的?在lead time scheduling中呢？•物料主数据的厂内生产时间对计划运行的影响？•计划边际码对计划运行的影响？•MRP中如何选择BOM？在BOM选择中考虑哪些标准？•什么是'BOM的选择ID'？•在MRP如何使用替代BOM？•生产版本的意义？•在MRP如何选择工艺路线？在工艺路线选择中考虑哪些标准？•MRP清单是什么？库存/需求清单是什么？这些清单的结构？这些清单之间有什么区别？•什么是异常消息的功能？•什么是计划订单？•计划订单的独立/集中转换意味着什么？•day’s supply与receipt day s’ supply的意思是？•在MRP如何管理组件停止？3。
生产订单处理一般问题•按订单生产的特点？•生产订单的定义？•文件类型，订单类别和订单类型有何差别？•生产订单的构成？•订单创建时执行哪些功能？•可用哪些方式创建一个生产订单？•描述创建订单时BOM的选择逻辑？工艺路线的选择逻辑？•在哪个时间点的产生和保留它包含哪些信息？执行“读取主数据”能实现什么功能？•生产订单创建过程中工艺路线顺序起什么作用？•计划订单转换成生产订单时需要注意哪些问题？订单Release•订单下达时会发生什么？•订单下达后哪些操作被禁止，哪些操作被允许?•订单状态管理的作用？•什么是商业事务？•是系统状态和用户状态的差别？在订单下达哪个时间点执行有效性检查？可选择与必须执行在哪里配置？哪些对象中可运行可用性检查？•machine commitment 是什么意思？- •midpoint scheduling是什么意思？打印•哪个车间可以打印文件？•哪些可打印模式（在线，更新，背景）？•什么是“重印”是什么意思？•哪些条件必须得到满足之前，为了文件可以打印？•哪些条件必须履行的一项行动之前，车间文件（尤其是确认单及时间票）可以打印？发货•哪些控制指标影响的生产秩序（散装物料，反冲，幽灵组装等组件的行为）？•什么是采摘意味着什么？•什么是股票的决心意味着什么？哪些股票要确定生产订单处理期间设置？•什么是商品的问题发布？•如何输入商品的问题（参考命令，参照保留，无计划的，等等）？•什么是运动类型的目的？•有哪些商品的影响的问题从整合的角度看（毫米，流动注射，CO）的发布？•什么是组件的反冲，以及如何才能实现这一目标？确认•前必须确认符合条件的可以进入？•什么是确认吗？•哪些是与确认的功能呢？•哪些确认程序有哪些？可以在哪些数据输入•确认？•什么是一个里程碑确认吗？•什么是计划外的里程碑？•确定一个进度确认什么？•什么作用的控制行动中发挥关键定义在确认吗？•是否可以连接一品运动的发布确认？•什么是货物收据吗？•什么是一张贴在收到货物的影响？•什么是“交付相关完成”的指标呢？•什么是超额功能/在物料主发挥underdelivery容忍？为了解决/归档和删除•什么是为了解决意味着什么？•什么原因导致的生产秩序将借记/贷记？•Enterprises作者之间有什么成本和实际成本的差异？•哪些是为了解决在通常的步骤是什么？•什么手段方差计算？•如何解决，如果是为了头材料是一种标准价格的材料吗？在这点时间可以解决的命令•？•哪些命令之前必须满足的条件可以存档？•如何订单存档/删除？•什么是“停留时间”意味着什么？COOIS•可用于订单管理使用的信息系统？•什么是订单信息系统的特点是什么？•什么是可变的对象概述？•有哪些（多层次的特点）秩序的报告？•什么是之间的订单信息系统和车间信息系统的区别？•哪些职能是从订单进度报告吗？。