GNE-317_PI3K-Akt-mTOR_PI3K_CAS号1394076-92-6说明书_AbMole中国

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GNE-317_DataSheet_MedChemExpress

Inhibitors, Agonists, Screening Libraries Data SheetBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY:GNE–317 is a potent PI3K/mTOR inhibitor that can cross the blood–brain barrier; shows potent suppression of the PI3K pathway in the brain of mice with intact BBB.IC50 value:Target: PI3K/mTOR inhibitorin vitro: GNE–317 was not impacted by the overexpression of the human or mouse P–gp and BCRP, and suggesting that thiscompound was a poor substrate of these transporters. GNE–317 markedly inhibited the PI3K pathway in mouse brain, causing 40% to 90% suppression of the pAkt and pS6 signals up to 6–hour postdose [1].in vivo: GNE–317 was efficacious in the U87, GS2, and GBM10 orthotopic models, achieving tumor growth inhibition of 90% and 50%,and survival benefit, respectively [1]. GNE–317 was uniformly distributed throughout the brain in the U87 and GS2 models [2].PROTOCOL (Extracted from published papers and Only for reference)In vitro transport assays [1]:Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells heterologously expressing human P–gp, human BCRP or mouse Bcrp1 and LLC–PK1 cells transfected with mouse P–gp (mdr1a) were used to determine whether GNE–317 was a substrate of these transporters. MDR1–MDCKI cells were licensed from the National Cancer Institute whereas Bcrp1–MDCKII, BCRP–MDCKII, and Mdr1a–LLC–PK1 cells were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Institute. For transport studies, cells were seeded on 24–well Millicell plates (Millipore) 4 days before use (polyethylene terephtalate membrane, 1 μmol/L pore size) at a seeding density of 2.5 × 105 cells/mL (except for MDR1–MDCKI, 1.3 ×105 cells/mL). GNE–317 was tested at 5 μmol/L in the apical to basolateral (A–B) and basolateral to apical (B–A) directions. The compound was dissolved in transport buffer consisting of Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) with 10 mmol/L HEPES (Invitrogen Corporation). Lucifer Yellow (Sigma–Aldrich) was used as the paracellular marker. GNE–317 concentrations in the donor and receiving compartments were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis. The apparentpermeability (Papp), in the A–B and B–A directions, was calculated after a 2–hour incubation as: Papp = (dQ/dt) (1/AC0), where dQ/dt is the rate of compound appearance in the receiver compartment; A is the surface area of the insert; and C0 is the initial substrate concentration at T0.Animal administration [1]:Twelve female CD–1 mice (Charles River Laboratories) were given a 50 mg/kg oral (PO) dose of GNE–317 in 0.5% methylcellulose/0.2%Tween 80 (MCT).References:Product Name:GNE–317Cat. No.:HY-12763CAS No.:1394076-92-6Molecular Formula:C 19H 22N 6O 3S Molecular Weight:414.48Target:mTOR; PI3K Pathway:PI3K/Akt/mTOR; PI3K/Akt/mTOR Solubility:DMSO: 20 mg/mL[1]. Salphati L, et al. Targeting the PI3K pathway in the brain––efficacy of a PI3K inhibitor optimized to cross the blood–brain barrier. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Nov 15;18(22):6239–48.[2]. Salphati L, et al. Distribution of the phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase inhibitors Pictilisib (GDC–0941) and GNE–317 in U87 and GS2 intracranial glioblastoma models–assessment by matrix–assisted laser desorption ionization imaging. Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Jul;42(7):1110–6.Caution: Product has not been fully validated for medical applications. For research use only.Tel: 609-228-6898 Fax: 609-228-5909 E-mail: tech@Address: 1 Deer Park Dr, Suite Q, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852, USA。

USP38-通用章节目录

USP38-通用章节(zhāngjié)目录USP38-通用章节(zhāngjié)目录Guide to General Chapters 通用(tōngyòng)章节指导General Requirements for Test and Assays检查(jiǎnchá)与含量(hánliàng)分析的一般(yībān)要求＜1＞INJECTIONS AND IMPLANTED DRUG PRODUCTS (PARENTERALS)—PRODUCT QUALITY TESTS 注射和植入药物(yàowù)产品(注射用) —产品质量测试＜1＞INJECTIONS注射剂＜2＞ORAL DRUG PRODUCTS—PRODUCT QUALITY TESTS 口服药物产品质量测试＜3＞TOPICAL AND TRANSDERMAL DRUG PRODUCTS—PRODUCT QUALITY TESTS 局部和透皮药物产品—产品质量测试＜4＞MUCOSAL DRUG PRODUCTS—PRODUCT QUALITY TESTS 粘膜药物产品质量测试＜5＞INHALATION AND NASAL DRUG PRODUCTS—GENERAL INFORMATION AND PRODUCT QUALITY TESTS 吸入剂产品—产品质量测试＜7＞LABELING 标签＜11＞USP REFERENCE STANDARDS USP标准品Apparatus for Test and Assays用于检查与含量分析的器具＜17＞PRESCRIPTION CONTAINER LABELING处方容器(róngqì)标签＜21＞THERMOMETERS温度计＜31＞VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS容量(róngliàng)器具＜41＞BALANCES天平(tiānpíng)Microbiological Tests 微生物检查法＜51＞ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTIVENESS TESTING抗菌剂有效性检查法＜55＞BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS—RESISTANCE PERFORMANCE TESTS生物(shēngwù)指示剂－耐药性实验(shíyàn)＜61＞MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS非无菌产品的微生物限度检查：微生物列举检查法＜62＞MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: TESTS FOR SPECIFIED MICROORGANISMS 非无菌产品的微生物限度检查：特定微生物检查法＜63＞MYCOPLASMA TESTS 支原体检查法＜71＞STERILITY TESTS无菌检查法Biological tests and assays生物检查法与测定法＜81＞ANTIBIOTICS—MICROBIAL ASSAYS抗生素－微生物测定(cèdìng)＜85＞BACTERIAL ENDOTOXINS TEST细菌(xìjūn)内毒素检查法＜87＞BIOLOGICAL REACTIVITY TESTS, IN VITRO体外的生物(shēngwù)反应性检查法＜88＞BIOLOGICAL REACTIVITY TESTS, IN VIVO 体内(tǐ nèi)的生物反应性检查法＜89＞ENZYMES USED AS ANCILLARY MATERIALS IN PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING药品(yàopǐn)生产中酶作为辅料所使用＜90＞FETAL BOVINE SERUM—QUALITY ATTRIBUTES AND FUNCTIONALITY TESTS 牛胎儿血清-质量品质和功能检查法＜91＞CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE ASSAY泛酸钙测定法＜92＞GROWTH FACTORS AND CYTOKINES USED IN CELL THERAPY MANUFACTURING 在细胞疗法中使用生长因子和细胞因子＜111＞DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS 生物测定法的设计与分析＜115＞DEXPANTHENOL ASSAY右泛醇（拟胆碱(d ǎn jiǎn)药）测定法＜121＞INSULIN ASSAYS胰岛素测定法＜121.1＞PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES FOR INSULINS胰岛素的物理化学(wù lǐ huà xué)分析程序＜123＞GLUCAGON BIOIDENTITY TESTS 高血糖素的生物(shēngwù)鉴别检查法＜124＞ERYTHROPOIETIN BIOASSAYS 红细胞生成素的微生物测定(cèdìng)＜126＞SOMATROPIN BIOIDENTITY TESTS 生长激素(shēnɡ chánɡ jī sù)的生物鉴别检查法＜130＞PROTEIN A QUALITY ATTRIBUTES 蛋白质A的质量特征＜151＞PYROGEN TEST热原检查法＜161＞TRANSFUSION AND INFUSION ASSEMBLIES AND SIMILAR MEDICAL DEVICES 输血输液用具以及相类似的医疗器械＜171＞VITAMIN B12 ACTIVITY ASSAY……2548维生素B12活性测定法Chemical Tests and assays化学实验检查与测定法鉴别检查＜181＞IDENTIFICATION—ORGANIC NITROGENOUS BASES鉴别(jiànbié)－有机氮碱化合物＜191＞IDENTIFICATION TESTS—GENERAL鉴别实验(shíyàn)－通用＜193＞IDENTIFICATION—TETRACYCLINES鉴别(jiànbié)－四环素类＜197＞SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION TESTS分光(fēn ɡuānɡ)光度计鉴别实验(shíyàn)＜201＞THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION TEST薄层色谱鉴别实验Limit Tests 限度检查法＜206＞ALUMINUM铝＜207＞TEST FOR 1,6-ANHYDRO DERIVATIVE FOR ENOXAPARIN SODIUM依诺肝素钠的酐类衍生物实验＜208＞ANTI-FACTOR Xa AND ANTI-FACTOR IIa ASSAYS FOR UNFRACTIONATED AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARINS普通肝素和低分子肝素产品中抗体Xa和抗体IIa测定＜209＞LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATIONS低分子(fēnzǐ)肝素钠分子量测定＜211＞ARSENIC砷＜221＞CHLORIDE AND SULFATE氯和硫＜223＞DIMETHYLANILINE二甲基苯胺＜226＞4-EPIANHYDRO-TETRACYCLINE4－？－四环素＜227＞4-AMINOPHENOL IN ACETAMINOPHEN-CONTAINING DRUG PRODUCTS对乙酰氨酚药物产品(chǎnpǐn)中氨基酚＜228＞ETHYLENE OXIDE AND DIOXANE 环氧乙烷和二氧六环＜231＞HEAVY METALS重金属（删除(shānchú)）＜232＞ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES—LIMITS 元素(yuán sù)杂质-限度(xiàndù)＜233＞ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES—PROCEDURES 元素杂质-规程＜241＞IRON铁＜251＞LEAD铅＜261＞MERCURY汞＜267＞POROSIMETRY BY MERCURY INTRUSION 水银(shuǐyín)孔隙仪＜268＞POROSITY BY NITROGEN ADSORPTION–DESORPTION 氮吸附(xīfù)-解吸测定孔隙率＜271＞READILY CARBONIZABLE SUBSTANCES TEST易碳化物检查法＜281＞RESIDUE ON IGNITION炽灼(chì zhuó)残渣(cán zhā)＜291＞SELENIUM硒Other Tests and Assays 其它(qítā)检查法与测定法＜301＞ACID-NEUTRALIZING CAPACITY酸中和容量＜311＞ALGINATES ASSAY藻酸盐测定法＜341＞ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS—CONTENT 抗菌剂－含量＜345＞Assay for Citric Acid/Citrate and Phosphate 柠檬酸/柠檬酸盐和磷酸盐的测定＜351＞ASSAY FOR STEROIDS类固醇（甾类化合物）测定法＜361> BARBITURATE ASSAY 巴比妥类药物测定法＜371＞COBALAMIN RADIOTRACER ASSAY钴铵素放射性跟踪剂测定法＜381＞ELASTOMERIC CLOSURES FOR INJECTIONS 注射剂的弹性(tánxìng)密封件＜391＞EPINEPHRINE ASSAY肾上腺素测定法＜401＞FATS AND FIXED OILS脂肪(zhīfáng)与混合油＜411＞FOLIC ACID ASSAY叶酸(yè suān)测定法＜413＞IMPURITIES TESTING IN MEDICAL GASES 医用气体(qìtǐ)杂质检查＜415＞MEDICAL GASES ASSAY 医用气体含量(hánliàng)检查＜425＞IODOMETRIC ASSAY—ANTIBIOTICS碘量检查法－抗生素＜429＞LIGHT DIFFRACTION MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE SIZE粒径的光衍射测量法＜431＞METHOXY DETERMINATION甲氧基测定法＜441＞NIACIN OR NIACINAMIDE ASSAY 烟酰或烟酰胺测定法＜451＞NITRITE TITRATION亚硝酸盐滴定＜461＞NITROGEN DETERMINATION氮测定法＜466＞ORDINARY IMPURITIES一般杂质＜467＞RESIDUAL SOLVENTS残留溶剂＜469＞ETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIETHYLENEGLYCOL, AND TRIETHYLENE GLYCOLIN ETHOXYLATED SUBSTANCES 乙氧基物质(wùzhì)中乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇测定＜471＞OXYGEN FLASK COMBUSTION氧瓶燃烧(ránshāo)法＜481＞RIBOFLAVIN ASSAY核黄素（维生素B2）测定法＜501＞SALTS OF ORGANIC NITROGENOUS BASES有机(yǒujī)氮盐＜503＞ACETIC ACID IN PEPTIDES 多肽(duō tài)类中乙酸测定＜511＞SINGLE-STEROID ASSAY单一(dānyī)的类固醇测定法＜525＞SULFUR DIOXIDE 二氧化硫＜531＞THIAMINE ASSAY硫胺素测定法＜541＞TITRIMETRY滴定法＜551＞VITAMIN E ASSAY维生素E测定法＜561＞ARTICLES OF BOTANICAL ORIGIN植物起源的药品＜563＞IDENTIFICATION OF ARTICLES OF BOTANICAL ORIGIN植物药品的鉴别＜565＞BOTANICAL EXTRACTS植物(zhíwù)提取＜571＞VITAMIN A ASSAY维生素A测定法＜581＞VITAMIN D ASSAY维生素D测定法＜591＞ZINC DETERMINATION锌的测定法Physical Test and Determinations物理(wùlǐ)检查(jiǎnchá)与测定法＜601＞INHALATION AND NASAL DRUGPRODUCTS: AEROSOLS, SPRAYS, ANDPOWDERS—PERFORMANCE QUALITYTESTS吸入剂、鼻雾剂：气溶胶，喷雾，干粉(gānfěn)-质量(zhìliàng)通则＜602＞PROPELLANTS 推进剂＜603＞TOPICAL AEROSOLS 局部喷雾剂＜604＞LEAK RATE 渗漏率＜610＞ALTERNATIVE MICROBIOLOGICAL SAMPLING METHODS FOR NONSTERILEINHALED AND NASAL PRODUCTS 非无菌吸入和鼻雾剂可供选择的微生物取样方法＜611＞ALCOHOL DETERMINATION乙醇测定法＜616＞BULK DENSITY AND TAPPED DENSITY堆密度与振实密度＜621＞CHROMATOGRAPHY色谱法＜631＞COLOR AND ACHROMICITY呈色与消色＜641＞COMPLETENESS OF SOLUTION溶解度＜643＞TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON总有机(yǒujī)碳＜645＞WATER CONDUCTIVITY水电导率＜651＞CONGEALING TEMPERATURE凝点温度(wēndù)＜659＞PACKAGING AND STORAGE REQUIREMENTS 包装和储藏(chǔcáng)要求＜660＞CONTAINERS—GLASS 容器(róngqì)-玻璃＜661＞CONTAINERS—PLASTICS容器(róngqì)-塑料＜670＞AUXILIARY PACKAGING COMPONENTS 辅助包装部件＜671＞CONTAINERS—PERFORMANCE TESTING 容器－性能测试＜691＞COTTON棉花＜695＞CRYSTALLINITY结晶度＜696＞CHARACTERIZATION OF CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS BY MICROCALORIMETRY AND SOLUTION CALORIMETRY 通过溶液量热学测定结晶性＜697＞CONTAINER CONTENT FOR INJECTIONS 注射剂容器容积＜698＞DELIVERABLE VOLUME抽取体积＜699＞DENSITY OF SOLIDS固体(gùtǐ)密度＜701＞DISINTEGRATION崩解(bēnɡ jiě)时限(shíxi àn)＜705＞QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF TABLETS LABELED AS HAVING A FUNCTIONAL SCORE ？＜711＞DISSOLUTION 溶出度＜721＞DISTILLING RANGE馏程＜724＞DRUG RELEASE药物(yàowù)释放度＜729＞GLOBULE SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN LIPID INJECTABLE EMULSIONS脂类可注射(zhùshè)的乳剂的粒径分布＜730＞Plasma Spectrochemistry 血浆光谱化学？＜731＞LOSS ON DRYING4干燥失重＜733＞LOSS ON IGNITION灼烧失重＜735＞X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY X射线光谱＜736＞MASS SPECTROMETRY 质谱＜741＞MELTING RANGE OR TEMPERATURE熔距或熔点＜751＞METAL PARTICLES IN OPHTHALMIC OINTMENTS眼用软膏中的金属粒子＜755＞MINIMUM FILL最低装量＜761＞NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE核磁共振(hé cíɡònɡ zhèn)＜771＞OPHTHALMIC OINTMENTS眼用软膏(ruǎngāo)＜776＞OPTICAL MICROSCOPY光学(guāngxué)显微镜＜781＞OPTICAL ROTATION旋光度＜785＞OSMOLALITY AND OSMOLARITY渗透压＜786＞PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATION BY ANALYTICAL SIEVING筛分(shāi fēn)法估算粒径分布(fēnbù)＜787＞SUBVISIBLE PARTICULATE MATTER IN THERAPEUTIC PROTEIN INJECTIONS显微计数法在治疗性蛋白注射剂中应用＜788＞PARTICULATE MATTER IN INJECTIONS注射剂中的不溶性微粒＜789＞PARTICULATE MATTER IN OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS眼用溶液中的不溶性微粒＜790＞VISIBLE PARTICULATES IN INJECTIONS 注射剂中可见异物＜791＞pH＜795＞PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDING—NONSTERILE PREPARATIONS药物混合－非无菌制剂＜797＞PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDING—STERILE PREPARATIONS药物混合(hùnhé)－无菌制剂＜801＞POLAROGRAPHY极谱法＜811＞POWDER FINENESS粉剂(fěn jì)细度＜821＞RADIOACTIVITY放射性＜823＞POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY DRUGS FOR COMPOUNDING,INVESTIGATIONAL, AND RESEARCHUSES用于正电子发射(fāshè)断层造影(zàoyǐng)术的放射性药物(yàowù)＜831＞REFRACTIVE INDEX折光率＜841＞SPECIFIC GRAVITY比重＜846＞SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA 比表面积＜851＞SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND LIGHT-SCATTERING分光光度计与光散射＜852＞ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY 原子吸收光谱＜853＞FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY 荧光光谱＜854＞MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY 中红外光谱＜857＞ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY 紫外可见(kějiàn)光谱＜861＞SUTURES—DIAMETER缝线(fénɡ xiàn)－直径？＜871＞SUTURES—NEEDLE ATTACHMENT缝线(fénɡ xiàn)－穿孔(chuānkǒng)实验＜881＞TENSILE STRENGTH张力(zhānglì)＜891＞THERMAL ANALYSIS热分析＜905＞UNIFORMITY OF DOSAGE UNITS制剂单位的含量均匀度＜911＞VISCOSITY—CAPILLARY METHODS黏度-毛细管法＜912＞VISCOSITY—ROTATIONAL METHODS 黏度-旋转法＜913＞VISCOSITY—ROLLING BALL METHOD 黏度-球法＜921＞WATER DETERMINATION水分测定＜941＞CHARACTERIZATION OF CRYSTALLINE AND PARTIALLY CRYSTALLINE SOLIDSBY X-RAY POWDER DIFFRACTION (XRPD)X光衍射General Information通用信息＜1005＞ACOUSTIC EMISSION 声频发射＜1010＞ANALYTICAL DATA—INTERPRETATION AND TREATMENT分析数据(shùjù)－解释与处理＜1015＞AUTOMATED RADIOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS APPARATUS放射性自动合成装置(zhuāngzhì)＜1024＞BOVINE SERUM 牛血清(xuèqīng)＜1027＞FLOW CYTOMETRY 流式细胞仪＜1030＞BIOLOGICAL ASSAY CHAPTERS—OVERVIEW AND GLOSSARY生物测定章节(zhāngjié)-综述和术语＜1031＞THE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OFMATERIALS USED IN DRUGCONTAINERS, MEDICAL DEVICES, ANDIMPLANTS用于药物容器(róngqì)、医疗设施和植入剂的材料的生物相容性＜1034＞ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS 生物测定分析＜1035＞BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS FOR STERILIZATION灭菌用生物指示剂＜1041＞BIOLOGICS生物制剂＜1043＞Ancillary Material for Cell, Gene, and Tissue-Engineered Products细胞，基因与组织(zǔzhī)设计产品的辅助材料＜1044＞CRYOPRESERVATION OF CELLS 细胞低温(dīwēn)保存＜1045＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES 生物(shēngwù)技术提取产品＜1046＞CELLULAR AND TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS细胞(xìbāo)与组织(zǔzhī)产品＜1047＞GENE THERAPY PRODUCTS 基因治疗产品＜1048＞QUALITY OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: ANALYSIS OF THE EXPRESSION CONSTRUCT IN CELLS USED FORPRODUCTION OF r-DNA DERIVED PROTEINPRODUCTS生物技术产品的质量：从蛋白质产品中提取的r-DNA产品在细胞中表达结构的分析＜1049＞QUALITY OF BIOTECHNOLOGICALPRODUCTS: STABILITY TESTING OFBIOTECHNOLOGICAL/BIOLOGICALPRODUCTS生物技术(jìshù)产品的质量：生物技术/生物产品的稳定性实验＜1050＞VIRAL SAFETY EVALUATION OFBIOTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS DERIVEDFROM CELL LINES OF HUMAN ORANIMAL ORIGIN从人或动物细胞中提取的生物技术产品(chǎnpǐn)的病毒安全性评估＜1051＞CLEANING GLASS APPARATUS玻璃(bōlí)容器的清洗＜1052＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES—AMINO ACID ANALYSIS生物(shēngwù)技术提取法-氨基酸测定＜1053＞CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 毛细管电泳(diàn yǒnɡ)法＜1054＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES—ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING生物技术提取法-等电点聚集＜1055＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES—PEPTIDE MAPPING生物技术提取法-肽谱＜1056＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES—POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS 生物(shēngwù)技术提取法-凝胶电泳＜1057＞BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED ARTICLES—TOTAL PROTEIN ASSAY生物(shēngwù)技术提取法-总蛋白测定＜1058＞ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENT QUALIFICATION 分析仪器要求(yāoqiú)＜1059＞EXCIPIENT PERFORMANCE 赋形剂＜1061＞COLOR—INSTRUMENTAL MEASUREMENT显色－仪器(yíqì)测量＜1065＞Ion Chromatography 离子(lízǐ)色谱法＜1066＞PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS THAT PROMOTE SAFE MEDICATION USE物理环境促使安全使用药物＜1072＞DISINFECTANTS AND ANTISEPTICS 消毒剂和防腐剂＜1074＞EXCIPIENT BIOLOGICAL SAFETY EVALUATION GUIDELINES赋形剂（辅料）生物安全性评估指导＜1078＞GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES FOR BULK PHARMACEUTICALEXCIPIENTS批药品(yàopǐn)赋形剂的生产(shēngchǎn)管理规范＜1079＞Good Storage and Shipping Practices 良好(liánghǎo)的贮存与运输(yùnshū)规范(guīfàn)＜1080＞BULK PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS—CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS 批药品赋形剂-COA＜1084＞GLYCOPROTEIN AND GLYCAN ANALYSIS—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS糖蛋白和多糖分析-一般通则＜1086＞IMPURITIES IN DRUG SUBSTANCES AND DRUG PRODUCTS药物和药物产品中的杂质＜1087＞APPARENT INTRINSIC DISSOLUTION—DISSOLUTION TESTING PROCEDURESFOR ROTATING DISK AND STATIONARYDISK内部的溶出度-旋转和静止溶出检测程序？＜1088＞IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF DOSAGE FORMS体内与体外的剂型的评估＜1090＞ASSESSMENT OF DRUG PRODUCTPERFORMANCE-BIOAVAILABILITY,BIOEQUIVALENCE, AND DISSOLUTION药物产品性能评估：生物利用(lìyòng)度、生物等效性和溶出＜1091＞LABELING OF INACTIVE INGREDIENTS 非活性成分(chéng fèn)的标示＜1092＞THE DISSOLUTION PROCEDURE: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION溶出程序：开发(kāifā)与验证＜1094＞CAPSULES—DISSOLUTION TESTING AND RELATED QUALITY ATTRIBUTES胶囊-关于(guānyú)产品质量的溶出测定＜1097＞BULK POWDER SAMPLING PROCEDURES：粉末(fěnmò)样品取样程序＜1102＞IMMUNOLOGICAL TEST METHODS—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS免疫测试方法-总则＜1103＞IMMUNOLOGICAL TEST METHODS—ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENTASSAY (ELISA) 免疫学测试方法-酶联免疫吸附测定＜1104＞IMMUNOLOGICAL TEST METHODS—IMMUNOBLOT ANALYSIS免疫(miǎnyì)测试方法-免疫印迹法＜1105＞IMMUNOLOGICAL TEST METHODS—SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE免疫测试方法-表面(biǎomiàn)等离子体共振＜1106＞IMMUNOGENICITY ASSAYS—DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF IMMUNOASSAYSTO DETECT ANTI-DRUG ANTIBODIES ？＜1111＞MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS:ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FORPHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONSAND SUBSTANCES FORPHARMACEUTICAL USE非无菌产品的微生物学检查：药用制剂和制药过程(guòchéng)使用的物质接受标准＜1112＞MICROBIAL CHARACTERIZATION,IDENTIFICATION, AND STRAINTYPING非无菌药物产品(chǎnpǐn)水活性测定应用＜1113＞MICROBIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF NONSTERILE PHARMACEUTICALPRODUCTS非无菌药品(yàopǐn)中的微生物分布(fēnbù)＜1115＞BIOBURDEN CONTROL OF NONSTERILE DRUG SUBSTANCES AND PRODUCTS 非无菌药物和产品的生物负载(fùzài)控制＜1116＞MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTROL ANDMONITORING OF ASEPTICPROCESSING ENVIRONMENTS洁净的房间与其它(qítā)可控环境的微生物评估＜1117＞MICROBIOLOGICAL BESTLABORATORY PRACTICES 微生物最优实验室规范＜1118＞MONITORING DEVICES—TIME, TEMPERATURE, AND HUMIDITY监控装置－时间、温度与湿度＜1119＞NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY近红外分光光度测定法＜1120＞Raman Spectrophotometry 拉曼分光光度测定法＜1121＞NOMENCLATURE命名＜1125＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—GENERAL 核酸技术(jìshù)-通则＜1126＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—EXTRACTION, DETECTION, AND SEQUENCING 核酸技术(jìshù)-提取、检测、测序＜1127＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—AMPLIFICATION 核酸(hé suān)技术-扩增＜1128＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—MICROARRAY 核酸(hé suān)技术-微阵列＜1129＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—GENOTYPING 核酸技术(jìshù)-基因分型＜1130＞NUCLEIC ACID-BASED TECHNIQUES—APPROACHES FOR DETECTING TRACENUCLEIC ACIDS (RESIDUAL DNATESTING)核酸技术-探测微量核酸的应用（残留DNA测试）＜1136＞PACKAGING AND REPACKAGING—SINGLE-UNIT CONTAINERS包装和再包装－单一容器＜1151＞PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS药物剂型＜1152＞ANIMAL DRUGS FOR USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS兽药在动物饲料(sìliào)中的使用＜1160＞PHARMACEUTICAL CALCULATIONS IN PRESCRIPTION COMPOUNDING按处方混合的药物(yàowù)的计算＜1163＞QUALITY ASSURANCE IN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDING按处方(chǔfāng)混合的药物的质量保证＜1171＞PHASE-SOLUBILITY ANALYSIS相溶解(r óngjiě)分析＜1174＞Powder Flow 粉末(fěnmò)流动性＜1176＞PRESCRIPTION BALANCES AND VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS 处方天平与容量器具＜1177＞Good Packaging Practices 良好的包装操作＜1178＞Good Repackaging Practices 良好的再包装操作＜1180＞HUMAN PLASMA 人血浆＜1181＞SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 扫描电子显微镜＜1184＞SENSITIZATION TESTING 致敏测试＜1191＞STABILITY CONSIDERATIONS IN DISPENSING PRACTICE分装操作中稳定性考察＜1195＞SIGNIFICANT CHANGE GUIDE FOR BULK PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS散装药用辅料更换指导(zhǐdǎo)原则＜1197＞GOOD DISTRIBUTION PRACTICES FOR BULK PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS散装药用辅料良好(liánghǎo)的分装操作＜1207＞STERILE PRODUCT PACKAGING—INTEGRITY EVALUATION无菌产品包装－完整性评估(pínɡɡū)＜1208＞STERILITY TESTING—VALIDATION OF ISOLATOR SYSTEMS无菌实验(shíyàn)－隔离系统的验证＜1209＞STERILIZATION—CHEMICAL ANDPHYSICOCHEMICAL INDICATORS ANDINTEGRATORS灭菌(miè jūn)－化学与物理化学的指示剂以及二者的综合＜1211＞STERILIZATION AND STERILITY ASSURANCE OF COMPENDIAL ARTICLES 药典物品中的灭菌与灭菌保证＜1216＞TABLET FRIABILITY片剂的脆碎度＜1217＞TABLET BREAKING FORCE 片剂断裂力＜1222＞TERMINALLY STERILIZEDPHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS—PARAMETRIC RELEASE药品(yàopǐn)终端灭菌－放行(fàngxíng)参数(cānshù)＜1223＞VALIDATION OF ALTERNATIVEMICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS可供选择的微生物学方法(fāngfǎ)的验证＜1224＞TRANSFER OF ANALYTICALPROCEDURES 分析方法转移(zhuǎnyí)＜1225＞VALIDATION OF COMPENDIAL METHODS药典方法的验证＜1226＞VERIFICATION OF COMPENDIAL PROCEDURES 药典方法的确认＜1227＞VALIDATION OF MICROBIAL RECOVERY FROM PHARMACOPEIAL ARTICLES 从药物中回收微生物的验证＜1229＞STERILIZATION OF COMPENDIAL ARTICLES 药典灭菌过程＜1229.1＞STEAM STERILIZATION BY DIRECT CONTACT 直接蒸汽灭菌＜1229.2＞MOIST HEAT STERILIZATION OF AQUEOUS LIQUIDS 水溶液的湿热灭菌＜1229.3＞MONITORING OF BIOBURDEN 生物(shēngwù)负载监控＜1229.4＞STERILIZING FILTRATION OF LIQUIDS 溶液(róngyè)的无菌过滤器＜1229.6＞LIQUID-PHASE STERILIZATION 液态(yètài)灭菌＜1229.7＞GASEOUS STERILIZATION 气态(qìtài)灭菌＜1229.8＞DRY HEAT STERILIZATION 干热(ɡàn rè)灭菌＜1229.10＞RADIATION STERILIZATION 辐射灭菌＜1230＞WATER FOR HEMODIALYSIS APPLICATIONS 血液透析过程用水＜1231＞WATER FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES制药用水＜1234＞VACCINES FOR HUMAN USE—POLYSACCHARIDE AND GLYCOCONJUGATE VACCINES人用疫苗-多糖和糖复合物疫苗＜1235＞VACCINES FOR HUMAN USE—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 人用疫苗-通则＜1237＞VIROLOGY TEST METHODS 病毒测试方法＜1238＞VACCINES FOR HUMAN USE—BACTERIAL VACCINES 人用疫苗-细菌疫苗＜1240＞VIRUS TESTING OF HUMAN PLASMA FOR FURTHER MANUFACTURE下一步使用(shǐyòng)人血浆的病毒测试＜1241＞WATER–SOLID INTERACTIONS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SYSTEMS在药物(yàowù)系统中水与固体的相互作用＜1251＞WEIGHING ON AN ANALYTICAL BALANCE关于分析天平(fēn xī tiān pínɡ)的称重＜1265＞Written Prescription Drug Information－Guidelines 书面(shūmiàn)的处方药信息－指南＜1285＞PREPARATION OF BIOLOGICALSPECIMENS FOR HISTOLOGIC ANDIMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 为了(wèi le)组织和免疫组织分析的生物标本制备＜1285.1＞HEMATOXYLIN AND EOSIN STAINING OF SECTIONED TISSUE FORMICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION显微镜观察用苏木精和伊红染色的切片＜1601＞PRODUCTS FOR NEBULIZATION—CHARACTERIZATION TESTS 产品雾化状态-性状描述＜1644＞THEORY AND PRACTICE OFELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITYMEASUREMENTS OF SOLUTIONS 溶液电导(diàn dǎo)值测量方法的理论与实践＜1660＞EVALUATION OF THE INNER SURFACE DURABILITY OF GLASS CONTAINERS 玻璃(bō lí)容器内表面耐久性评估＜1724＞SEMISOLID DRUG PRODUCTS—PERFORMANCE TESTS 半固态药物(yàowù)产品-性能测试＜1736＞APPLICATIONS OF MASSSPECTROMETRY 质谱应用(yìngyòng)＜1761＞APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEARMAGNETIC RESONANCESPECTROSCOPY核磁共振(hé cíɡònɡ zhèn)光谱应用＜1787＞MEASUREMENT OF SUBVISIBLEPARTICULATE MATTER INTHERAPEUTIC PROTEIN INJECTIONS 用显微镜测量方法测量治疗性蛋白注射剂的不溶性微粒＜1788＞METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER ININJECTIONS AND OPHTHALMICSOLUTIONS注射剂和眼用溶液的不溶性微粒测定(cèdìng)的方法选择＜1852＞ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY—THEORY AND PRACTICE原子吸收光谱(xī shōu ɡuānɡ pǔ)-理论与实践＜1853＞FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY—THEORY AND PRACTICE荧光光谱-理论(lǐlùn)与实践＜1854＞MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY—THEORY AND PRACTICE中红外光谱(guāngpǔ)-理论与实践＜1857＞ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLESPECTROSCOPY—THEORY ANDPRACTICE紫外可见(kějiàn)光谱-理论与实践＜1911＞RHEOMETRY 流变测定Dietary Supplements营养补充剂General Tests and Assays 一般检查法与测定法＜2021＞MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS—NUTRITIONAL AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS…3080微生物数量实验－营养(yíngy ǎng)与食品添加剂＜2022＞MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES FOR ABSENCE OF SPECIFIED MICROORGANISMS—NUTRITIONAL AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (3083)不得(bu de)检出特定微生物的程序－营养与营养(yíngy ǎng)补充剂＜2023>MICROBIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF NONSTERILE NUTRITIONAL AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS……3087非无菌的营养与食品(shípǐn)添加剂中的微生物分布<2040>DISINTEGRATION AND DISSOLUTION OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (3089)食品(shípǐn)添加剂的崩解与溶出<2091>WEIGHT VARIATION OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS……3092食品添加剂的重量差异<2750>MANUFACTURING PRACTICES FOR DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (3093)食品添加剂的生产操作内容总结（1）USP38-通用章节目录。

paxalisib 结构式

paxalisib 结构式Paxalisib（INN名称：paxalisib，药物研发代号：GDC-0084）是一种新型的小分子靶向疗法，被广泛研究和应用于治疗神经胶质瘤（glioblastoma）等恶性脑肿瘤。

神经胶质瘤是一种高度侵袭性的脑肿瘤，具有高度异质性和抗药性。

传统的治疗手段如手术切除、放疗和化疗对于神经胶质瘤的治疗效果有限。

因此，研发新型的靶向治疗方法对于提高疗效显得尤为重要。

Paxalisib是一种小分子化合物，通过特异性抑制磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）信号通路，来阻断神经胶质瘤细胞的生长和扩散。

PI3K 信号通路在多种肿瘤中被发现高度异常激活，与细胞增殖、存活和侵袭能力密切相关。

Paxalisib通过选择性抑制PI3K信号通路的p110α亚型，阻断了细胞内PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号传导通路的活性。

这一信号通路的抑制可以抑制神经胶质瘤细胞的增殖、诱导细胞凋亡，并抑制血管生成。

此外，Paxalisib还通过调节肿瘤微环境和免疫系统的功能，增强抗肿瘤免疫应答，对神经胶质瘤的治疗具有潜在的协同作用。

临床试验显示，Paxalisib在治疗复发性神经胶质瘤中显示出了良好的疗效和安全性。

一项III期临床试验结果显示，与化疗相比，Paxalisib显著延长了患者的无进展生存期。

此外，Paxalisib还显示出了改善患者神经系统功能和生活质量的潜力。

尽管Paxalisib在治疗神经胶质瘤方面取得了一定的成功，但其仍面临一些挑战和限制。

首先，Paxalisib的长期疗效和生存率尚不清楚，需要进一步的研究来验证其疗效。

其次，Paxalisib的副作用需要加以重视和管理，如疲劳、恶心、呕吐等不良反应。

此外，Paxalisib的耐药性也是一个需要关注的问题，进一步的研究需要解决这一问题。

Paxalisib作为一种新型的靶向疗法，显示出了治疗神经胶质瘤的潜力。

它通过选择性抑制PI3K信号通路，抑制神经胶质瘤细胞的增殖和扩散，从而延长了患者的无进展生存期。

有机化学常用试剂英文缩写

Ac acetyl 乙酰基acac acetylacetonate 乙酰基丙酮化物AIBN 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile 偶氮二异丁腈Ar aryl 芳基的BBN borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 硼双环[3.3.1]壬烷BCME dis(chloromethyl)ether 双氯甲醚BHT butylated hydroxytoluene (2,6-di-t-butyl -p-cresol)别名抗氧化剂264 2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯BINAL-H 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl-lithium aluminum hydride 手性烷氧基联萘酚氢化铝锂BINAP 2,2' - bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1' -binaphthyl双二苯基磷酰联萘BINOL 1,l'-bi-2,2'-naphthol 1,1'-联-2,2'-萘酚bipy 2,2' –bipyridyl 2,2'-联吡啶BMS borane-dimethyl sulfìde 硼烷吡啶Bn benzyl 苯甲基Boc t-butoxycarbonyl叔丁氧羰基BOM benzyloxymethyl苄氧甲基bp boiling point 沸点Bs brosyl (4-bromobenzenesulfonyl) 4-溴苯磺酰基BSA N, O-bis( trimethylsilyl )acetamide N,O-双三甲硅基乙酰胺Bu n-butyl 正丁基Bz benzoyl 苯甲酰CAN cerium(lV) ammonium nitrate 硝酸铈(Ⅳ)铵Cbz benzyloxycarbonyl 苄氧羰基CDI N,N-carbonyldiimidazole N,N'-羰基二咪唑CHIRAPHOS 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane 2,3-双(二苯基膦)丁烷Chx =Cy 环己基cod cyclooctadiene 环辛二烯cot cyclooctatetraene环辛四烯Cp cyclopentadienyl 环戊二烯基CRA complex reducing agent 复合还原试剂CSA 10-camphorsulfonic acid 10-樟脑磺酸CSI chlorosulfonyl isocyanate 氯磺酰异氰酸酯Cy cyclohexyl 环己基d density 密度DABCO 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane 1,4-重氮二环[2.2.2]辛烷DAST N,N'-diethylaminosulfur trifluoride二乙胺基三氟化硫dba dibenzylideneacetone二亚苄叉丙酮DBAD di-t-butyl azodicarboxylate偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯DBN 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene 1,5-二氮杂二环[4,3,0]壬烯-5DBU 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene 1,8-二氮杂二环-双环（5,4,0）-7-十一烯DCC N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide N，N'二环己基碳二亚胺DCME dichloromethyl methyl ether二氯甲基甲醚DDO dimethyldioxirane双十二烷基二硫代乙二酰胺(又称钯试剂)DDQ 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone 2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰-1,4-苯醌de diastereomeric excess 非对映体过量DEAD diethyl azodicarboxylate偶氮二甲酸二乙酯DET diethyl tartrate酒石酸二乙酯DIBAL diisobutylaluminum hydride二异丁基氢化铝DIEA =DIPEA 二异丙基乙胺DIOP 2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4- bis-(diphenylphosphino)butane异丙烯-2,3-二羟-1,4-双二丙基膦丁烷DIPEA diisopropylethylamine二异丙基乙基胺diphos =dppe 1,2-双(二苯基磷酰)乙烷DIPT diisopropyl tartrate 二异丙基酒石酸盐DMA dimethylacetamid 二甲基乙酰胺DMAD dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate 丁炔二酸二甲酯，别名：催泪瓦斯DMAP 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine 4-二甲基氨基吡啶DME 1,2-dimethoxyethane乙二醇二甲醚（二甲氧基乙烷）DMF dimethylformamide 二甲基甲酰胺dmg dimethylglyoximato 丁二酮肟（与Ni2＋形成鲜红色螯合物）DMPU N,N' -dimethylpropyleneurea N,N-二甲基丙烯基脲DMS dimethyl sulfide 二甲基硫DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide 二甲基亚砜DMTSF dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate 二甲基(甲硫代)锍四氟硼酸盐dppb l ,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane 1,4-双(二苯基膦)丁烷dppe 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane 1,2-双(二苯基磷)乙烷dppf l ,l'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene l , l'-双(二苯基磷)二茂铁dppp 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane 1,2-双(二苯基磷)丙烷DTBP di-t-butyl peroxide二叔丁基过氧化物EDA ethyl diazoacetate 重氮乙酸乙酯EDC l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐EDCI = EDCee enantiomeric excess对映体过量EE l-ethoxyethyl 乙氧基乙基Et ethyl 乙基ETSA ethyltrimethylsilylacetate (三甲基硅基)醋酸乙酯EWG electron withdrawing group 吸电基团Fc ferrocenyl 二茂铁基Fmoc 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl 9-芴甲氧羰酰基fp ftash point 闪点Hex n-hexyl 正己基HMDS hexamethyldisilazane六甲基二硅胺烷HMPA hexamethylphosphoric triamide六甲基膦酸三酰胺HOBt 1-hydroxybenzotriazole 1-羟基苯并三唑HOBT =HOBtHOSu N-hydroxysuccinimide N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺Im imidazole (imidazolyl) 咪唑Ipc isopinocampheyl 异松蒎基IR infrared 红外KHDMS potassium hexamethyldisilazide 六甲基二硅胺钾LAH lithium aluminum hydride 氢化铝锂LD50 dose that is lethal to 50% of test subjects 致死量为受试者的50%LDA lithium diisopropylamide 二异丙基氨基锂LDMAN lithium1-(dimethylamino)naphthalenide ? 1-（二甲氨基）萘锂LHMDS(LiHMDS)lithium hexamethyldisilazide 六甲基叠氮乙硅锂, 六甲基二硅氨基锂LICA lithiuim isopropylcyclohexylamide 异丙基环己氨基锂LiTMP(LTMP) lithium2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide 2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶锂哌啶(氮杂环己烷)LTA lead tetraacetate 四乙酸铅lut 2,6-lutidine 二甲基吡啶MCPBA(m-CPBA) m-chloroperbenzoic acid 间氯过氧苯酸MA maleic anhydride 顺丁烯二酸酐MAD methyl aluminum bis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) ?MAT methyl aluminum bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenoxide) ?Me methyl 甲基MEK methyl ethyl ketone 甲基乙基酮MEM 2-methoxyethoxymethyl （2-甲氧基乙氧基）甲基－MIC methyl isocyanate 甲基异氰酸酯MMPP magnesium monoperoxyphthalate 单过氧邻苯二甲酸镁MOM methoxymethyl 甲氧甲基MoOPH oxodiperoxomolybdenum(pyridine)-(hexamethylphosphoric triamide)?mp melting point 熔点MPM methoxy(phenylthio)methyl 甲氧基（苯硫基）甲基，Ms methanesulfonyl (mesyl) 甲基磺酰基（保护羟基用）MS mass spectrometry 质谱MS Molecular sieves 分子筛MTEE (MTBE) methyl t-butyl ether 甲基叔丁基醚MTM methylthiomethyl 二甲硫醚MVK methyl vinyl ketone 甲基乙烯基酮n refractive index 折射率NaHDMS sodium hexamethyldisilazide 六甲基二硅胺钠Naph(Np) naphthyl 萘基NBA N-bromoacetamide N-溴乙酰胺NBD norbornadiene(bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene) 二环庚二烯（别名：降冰片二烯）NBS N-bromosuccinimide N-溴代丁二酰亚胺（别名：N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺）NCS N-chlorosuccinimide N-氯代丁二酰亚胺. （别名：N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺）NIS N-iodosuccinimide N-碘代丁二酰亚胺（别名：N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺）NMO N-methylmorpholine N-oxide N-甲基氧化吗啉NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮NMR nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振NORPHOS 5,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2-norbornene ?5，6-双（二苯基磷）-2-降冰片烯PCC pyridinium chlorochromate 吡啶氯铬酸盐PDC pyridinium dichromate 二氯吡啶酯Pent n-pentyl 正戊基Ph phenyl 苯基Phen 1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-菲罗啉Phth phthaloyl 邻苯二甲酰基Piv pivaloyl 新戊酰基PMB p-methoxybenzyl 对甲氧苄基；对甲氧苯甲基PMDTAPPA polyphosphoric acid 多聚磷酸PPE Polyphenylene Ether 聚苯醚PPTS pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate吡啶对甲苯磺酸Pr propyl丙基PTC phase-transfer catalysis (phase-transfer catalyst)相转移催化（相转移催化剂）PTSA(or TsOH) p-toluenesulfonic acid对甲苯磺酸Py (pyr) pyridine (or pyridyl)吡啶（或吡啶）PAMPrt room temperature 室温salen 双水杨酰胺乙基钴SAMP (S)-1-amino-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine(s)-1 -氨基- 2-(甲氧甲基)吡咯烷SET single electron transfer单电子转移Sia siamyl (s-isoamyl or 1,2-dimethylpropyl)TASF tris(diethylamino)sulfonium difluorotrimethylsilicateTBAB tetra-n-butylammonium bromide四丁基溴化铵TBAF tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride四丁基氟化TBADTBAI tetra-n-butylammonium iodide四丁基碘化TBAPTBDMS(TBS) t-butyldimethylsilyl二甲基硅烷TBDPS(BPS) t-butyldiphenylsilylTBHP t-butyl hydroperoxide叔丁基氢TBS t-butyldimethylsilyl二甲基硅烷TCNE tetracyanoethylene四氰基乙烯TCNQ 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-para-quinodimethaneTEA triethylamine三乙胺TEAB tetratehylammonium bromideTEBAC triethylbenzylammonium chloride三乙基氯化铵TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipedinyloxyTES triethylsilyl三乙基硅烷Tf trifluoromethanesulfonyl三氟甲基TFA trifluoroacetic acid三氟乙酸TFAA trifluoroacetic anhydride三氟乙酸酐THF tetrahydrofuran四氢呋喃THP 2-tetrahydropyranyl2 -吡喃ThxTIPS triisopropylsilylTMAO (TMANO) trimethylamine N-oxide三甲胺氮氧化物TMEDA N,N,N',N-tetramethyl- -hexaacetic acidTMG 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidineTMS tetramethylsilane四甲基Tol p-tolyl对甲苯TPAP tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenateTBHPTPP thiamine pyrophosphate5,10,15,20 -四苯基卟啉Tr triphenylmethyl (trityl)三苯（三苯甲基）Ts p-toluenesulfonyl (tosyl)对甲苯磺酰（磺酰）TTN thallium(III)-trinitrate硝酸铊（Ⅲ）UHP urea-hydrogen peroxide complex尿素过氧化氢复合Z benzyloxycarbonyl苄氧羰基。

化学名称缩写

AO抗氧剂或防老剂
APAO非晶性α-烯烃
APHA美国公共卫生事业协会
APR芳烃石油树脂
APS氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、过硫酸铵
A-PVA无规聚乙烯醇
AR丙烯酸酯橡胶、分析纯
AS澳大利亚标准
ASC胶黏剂与密封剂委员会
ASTM美国材料试验学会
ATBN端氨基液体丁腈橡胶
ATH氢氧化铝（三水合氧化铝）
ATO三氧化二锑
PIB聚异丁烯
PM丙二醇甲醚
PMA聚马来酸酐、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯PMAA聚甲基丙烯酸
PMDA均苯四甲酸二酐
PMMA聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯
PMP丙二醇甲醚丙酸酯
PMS聚α-甲基苯乙烯
PN波兰国家标准
PNA苯基-β-萘胺
PNBR粉末丁腈橡胶
POE聚氧化乙烯
POP对辛基苯酚
PPA多聚磷酸
PPD六氢吡啶、对苯二胺
PPESK聚芳醚砜酮
EAL乙醇
EB水性环氧丙烯酸酯
EC乙基纤维素
ECH环氧氯丙烷
EDA乙二胺
EDTA乙二胺四乙酸
EEP 3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
EEW环氧当量
EG乙二醇
EGDA二丙烯酸乙二醇酯
EGDE乙二醇二缩水甘油醚（669稀释剂）EGDMA双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯
2-EI 2-乙基咪唑
Em乳化剂
EMA甲基丙烯酸乙酯
EMI-2，4 2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑
BHT 2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚（264）
BIIR溴化丁基橡胶
Bis A双酚A
Bis F双酚F
Bis S双酚S
γ-BL γ-丁内酯
BMA甲基丙烯酸丁酯
BMI双马来酰来胺
BN安息香
BOA已二酸苄基辛基酯

易制毒化学品列表

毒品部分名单一类易制毒化学品
中文名麻黄碱及其盐类单方制剂硫酸麻黄碱盐酸麻黄碱 N-甲基伪麻黄碱去甲伪麻黄碱甲基麻黄碱内消旋麻黄碱伪麻黄碱盐酸伪麻黄碱硫酸伪麻黄碱去甲麻黄碱胡椒醛异黄樟素黄樟素黄樟油麦角胺麦角新碱麦角酸麦角克碱 3,4-亚甲基二氧苯基-2-丙酮 1-苯基-2-溴-1-丙酮 3-氧-2-苯基丁腈 4-苯胺基-N-苯乙基哌啶 N-甲基-1-苯基-1-氯-2-丙胺
Propiophenone
Toluene Acetone Potassium permanganate Methyl ethyl ketone L-PAC Sulfuric acid Hydrochloric acid
93-55-0
108-88-3 67-64-1 7722-64-7 78-93-3 53439-Байду номын сангаас1-1 7664-93-9 7647-01-0
Red phosphorus White phosphorus Hydrogen iodide 1-phenyl-2-propanone Propionic anhydride Benzyl cyanide N-phenethyl-4-piperidone Methylecgonidine 2-phenylacetoacetonitrile Methylamine Methyl amine hydrochloride Phenyl-2-nitropropene Hypophosphorous acid N-acetyl-anthranilic acid Gamma-butyrolactone Anthranilic acid Hydroxylimine Phenylacetic acid Acetic anhydride 2-chlorophenyl cyclopentyl ketone Piperidine 2-bromopropiophenone Ethyl ether Trichloromethane Bromine

异鼠李素对照品

异鼠李素_CAS:480-19-3
异鼠李素是一种黄酮类化合物，属于甲基化代谢产物，具有抗食管癌、健胃消食的功效，它可以从银杏叶、白果、绞股蓝、黄花蒿当中分离取得。

【名称】异鼠李素
【别名】槲皮素3'-甲基醚
【英文名】Isorhamnetin
【英文别名】Quercetin 3'-methyl ether；EINECS 207-545-5
【IUPAC名称】
-3,5,7-三羟基-2-（4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基）苯并吡喃-4-酮
【Isomeric SMILES】
COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O
【分子式】C16H12O7
【分子量】316.265
【CAS号】480-19-3
【品牌】格利普生物科技
【检测方式】高效液相色谱法HPLC≥98%
【鉴才、定方法】Ms;NMR
【密度】1.662
【沸点】601.2°C
【稳定性】本产品在正常的温度和环境下比较稳定
【性状】本品为黄色颗粒结晶
【功效】抗食管癌、健胃消食
【提取来源】本品来源于银杏叶、白果、绞股蓝、黄花蒿。

人磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)ELISA试剂盒说明书

人磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)酶联免疫分析试剂盒使用说明书厦门慧嘉生物科技有限公司本试剂仅供研究使用目的：本试剂盒用于测定人血清，血浆及相关液体样本中磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)的含量。

实验原理：本试剂盒应用双抗体夹心法测定标本中人磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)水平。

用纯化的人磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)抗体包被微孔板，制成固相抗体，往包被单抗的微孔中依次加入磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)，再与HRP标记的磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)抗体结合，形成抗体-抗原-酶标抗体复合物，经过彻底洗涤后加底物TMB显色。

TMB在HRP酶的催化下转化成蓝色，并在酸的作用下转化成最终的黄色。

颜色的深浅和样品中的磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)呈正相关。

用酶标仪在450nm波长下测定吸光度（OD值），通过标准曲线计算样品中人磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)浓度。

样本处理及要求：1. 血清：室温血液自然凝固10-20分钟，离心20分钟左右（2000-3000转/分）。

仔细收集上清，保存过程中如出现沉淀，应再次离心。

2. 血浆：应根据标本的要求选择EDTA或柠檬酸钠作为抗凝剂，混合10-20分钟后，离心20分钟左右（2000-3000转/分）。

仔细收集上清，保存过程中如有沉淀形成，应该再次离心。

3. 尿液：用无菌管收集，离心20分钟左右（2000-3000转/分）。

仔细收集上清，保存过程中如有沉淀形成，应再次离心。

胸腹水、脑脊液参照实行。

4. 细胞培养上清：检测分泌性的成份时，用无菌管收集。

离心20分钟左右（2000-3000转/分）。

仔细收集上清。

检测细胞内的成份时，用PBS（PH7.2-7.4）稀释细胞悬液，细胞浓度达到100万/ml左右。

通过反复冻融，以使细胞破坏并放出细胞内成份。

离心20分钟左右（2000-3000转/分）。

仔细收集上清。

保存过程中如有沉淀形成，应再次离心。

5. 组织标本：切割标本后，称取重量。

加入一定量的PBS，PH7.4。

经典信号通路之PI3K AKT信号通路

经典信号通路之PI3K/AKT信号通路日期：2012-03-12 来源：未知标签：PI3K/AKT摘要: The PI3K/AKT and related pathways are important in internalizing the effects of external growth factors and of membrane tyrosine kinases.天隆科技NP968自动核酸提取仪，产品试用进行中！佛山泰尔健生物细胞培养器材诚征代理The PI3K/AKT and related pathways are important in inte RNA lizing the effects of external growth factors and of membrane tyrosine kinases. Activation of membrane kinases including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by external growth factors initiates receptor dimerization and subsequent events to activate these intracellular pathways. AKT is activated downstream of PI3K and has multiple targets. AKT and the cellular energy sensors LKB1 (STK11) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) exert opposing effects on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is activated by AKT. ERK, extracellular signal regulated kinase; FKHR, forkhead; GDP, guanosinediphosphate; IRS, insulin receptor substrate; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-B, nuclear factor-B; PIP2,phosphatidylinositol-3,4-diphosphate; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate; PKC, protein kinase C; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription.磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3Ks)信号参与增殖、分化、凋亡和葡萄糖转运等多种细胞功能的调节. 近年来发现, IA型PI3K和其下游分子蛋白激酶B(PKB或Akt)所组成的信号通路与人类肿瘤的发生发展密切相关. 该通路调节肿瘤细胞的增殖和存活, 其活性异常不仅能导致细胞恶性转化, 而且与肿瘤细胞的迁移、黏附、肿瘤血管生成以及细胞外基质的降解等相关, 目前以PI3K-Akt信号通路关键分子为靶点的肿瘤治疗策略正在发展中.在PI3K家族中, 研究最广泛的是能被细胞表面受体所激活的I型PI3K. 哺乳动物细胞中Ι型PI3K又分为IA和IB两个亚型, 他们分别从酪氨酸激酶连接受体和G蛋白连接受体传递信号.IA 型PI3K是由催化亚单位p110和调节亚单位p85所组成的二聚体蛋白, 具有类脂激酶和蛋白激酶的双重活性.PI3K通过两种方式激活, 一种是与具有磷酸化酪氨酸残基的生长因子受体或连接蛋白相互作用, 引起二聚体构象改变而被激活; 另一种是通过Ras和p110直接结合导致PI3K的活化. PI3K激活的结果是在质膜上产生第二信使PIP3, PIP3与细胞内含有PH结构域的信号蛋白Akt和PDK1(phosphoinositidedependentkinase-1)结合, 促使PDK1磷酸化Akt蛋白的Ser308导致Akt的活化. Akt还能通过PDK2(如整合素连接激酶ILK)对其Thr473的磷酸化而被激活.活化的Akt通过磷酸化作用激活或抑制其下游靶蛋白Bad 、Caspase9、NF-κB、GSK-3、FKHR、p21Cip1和p27 Kip1等, 进而调节细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡以及迁移等.PI3K-Akt信号通路的活性被类脂磷酸酶PTEN(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten)和SHIP(SH2-containing inositol 5-phosphatase)负调节, 他们分别从PIP3的3´和5´去除磷酸而将其转变成PI(4,5)P2和PI(3,4)P2而降解. 迄今为止, 尚未发现下调Akt活性的特异磷酸酶, 但用磷酸酶抑制剂处理细胞后, 发现Akt的磷酸化和活性均有所增加. 最近发现Akt能被一种C末端调节蛋白(CTMP)所失活, CTMP能结合Akt 并通过抑制Akt的磷酸化而阻断下游信号的传递, CTMP的过表达能够逆转v-Akt转化细胞的表型. 热休克蛋白90(HSP90)亦能结合Akt, 阻止Akt被PP2A磷酸酶的去磷酸化而失活, 因此具有保护Akt的作用.本信号转导涉及的信号分子主要包括Integrin，FAK，Paxillin，ILK，PIP3，S6，p70S6K，RTK，Gab1，Gab2，IRS-1，PI3K，PTEN，AKT，PDK1，Cytokine Receptor，Jak1，CD19，BCR，Ag，BCAP，Syk，Lyn，G PCR，TSC1，TSC2，Gβγ，GαGTP，PP2A，PHLPP，CTMP，PDCD4，4E-BP1，ATG13，mTORC1，TSC1，TSC2，PRAS40，XIAP，FoxO1，Bim，Bcl-2，Bax，MDM2，p53，Bax，Bad，14-3-3，Wee1，Myt1，p27Kip1，p21Waf1/Cip1，CyclinD1，GSK-3，GS，Bcl-2，mTORC2，LaminA，Tpl2，IKKα，eNOS，GABAAR，Huntingtin，Ataxin-1，PFKFB2，PIP5K，AS160等。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚的cas号

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚的cas号全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚是一种化学物质，其CAS号为9005-84-9。

它是一种聚合物化合物，具有多种应用领域，包括医药、化妆品、食品和工业用途等。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚具有优异的高分子量、水溶性和稳定性，使其成为许多行业的重要原料。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚在医药领域中被广泛应用，主要用于制备药物的缓释剂和增塑剂。

它可以改善药物的稳定性和溶解性，延长药物的作用时间，提高药物的生物利用度。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚还可以用作药物控释系统的载体，帮助药物更有效地传递到靶组织和器官。

在化妆品领域，聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚通常用作乳化剂和增稠剂。

它可以帮助化妆品中的油溶性成分与水溶性成分充分混合，确保产品具有良好的稳定性和质感。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚还可以增加化妆品的粘度，改善其质地和触感，使产品更易于涂抹和使用。

在工业领域中，聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚广泛用于制备润滑剂、冷冻液和抗静电剂等产品。

它具有优异的润滑性能和稳定性，可以帮助机械设备顺畅运行，延长设备的使用寿命。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚还可以用作冷却剂和抗静电剂，提高工业生产的效率和安全性。

聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚是一种功能多样的化学物质，具有广泛的应用前景和市场潜力。

它在医药、化妆品、食品和工业等领域都发挥着重要作用，为人类生活和生产带来了诸多便利和好处。

相信随着科学技术的不断发展和进步，聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚将会有更广阔的应用空间和更美好的未来。

第二篇示例：聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚是一种常用的表面活性剂，化学式为C14H30O2。

它也被称为十四烷氧基聚乙二醇酚，CAS号为9002-92-0。

这种化合物具有很强的亲水性和疏水性，因此在许多领域都有广泛的应用。

在化妆品中，聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚可以作为乳化剂、稳定剂和湿润剂，帮助各种成分更好地混合在一起，并且增加产品的稳定性和延展性。

在药品中，它可以作为溶剂、增溶剂和胶凝剂，帮助药物更好地被吸收和释放。

聚维酮

聚维酮商品名：KoVidone TMK药典名称：聚维酮化学名称:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮INCI/CTFA 名称:PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)CAS 号:9003-39-8分子结构式：性状:粉末或水溶液，易溶于水、醇、胺及卤代烃中，不溶于丙酮、乙醚等。

具有优良的溶解性、生物相溶性、生理惰性、成膜性、膜体保护能力和多种有机、无机化合物复合的能力，对酸、盐及热较稳定，因此有着广泛的用途。

产品规格：品名 PVP K12 PVP K15 PVP K17 PVP K25 P VP K30 P VP K60 P VP K90外观白色至乳白色粉末K 值10.2-13.8 12.75-17.25 15.3-18.36 22.5-27.027-32.4 54-64.8 81-97.2NV P 残单 (杂质 A) (CP2005/USP26) %max0.10.10.10.10.10.10.1(USP31/EP6/BP2007) ppm max 1010 10 10 10 10 10水分% max 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 固含量% min 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 pH 值(5﹪水溶液) 3.0-5.0 3.0-5.0 3.0-5.0 3.0-5.0 3.0-5.0 4.0-7.0 4.0-7.0硫酸盐灰分% max 0.10.10.10.10.10.10.1氮含量﹪11.5-12.811.5-12.8 11.5-12.11.5-1211.5-1211.5-1211.5-12应用：聚维酮在医药领域有广泛的应用，为国际倡导的三大药用新辅料之一。

应用最广的是片剂、颗粒剂的粘合剂。

它还可用作胶囊的助流剂，眼药的去毒剂及润滑剂，注射剂的助溶剂，液体制剂的分散剂，酶及热敏药物的稳定剂。

聚维酮还可与碘合成聚维酮碘(PVP-I)消毒杀菌剂。

在隐形眼镜中，PVP 作为接触眼镜的成份，可增加其亲水性。

AZD6738_PI3K-Akt-mTOR_ATM-ATR_CAS号1352226-88-0说明书_AbMole中国

分子量412.51溶解性（25°C）DMSO 80 mg/mL分子式C20H24N6O2S Water InsolubleCAS号1352226-88-0Ethanol 40 mg/mL warmed储存条件3年 -20°C 粉末状生物活性AZD6738是一种口服具有活性的，选择性 ATR 激酶抑制剂，IC50 为 1 nM。

体外研究表明，AZD6738在四个Kras突变细胞系H23，H460，A549和H358中，能抑制ATR激酶活性，并损害细胞活性。

在ATM缺失的H23细胞中，AZD6738强烈增强顺铂诱导快速细胞死亡的作用。

在p53 或 ATM缺失的细胞中，AZD6738治疗引起复制叉停滞和未修复DNA损伤的积累，导致有丝分裂障碍，从而使细胞死亡。

在体内研究中，AZD6738 (50 mg/kg, p.o.)对负荷H460和H23肿瘤的裸鼠，会导致肿瘤生长抑制(TGI)，同时结合顺铂引起ATM缺失的H23肿瘤快速退化。

AZD6738 (50 m g/kg)+IR (2 G y)的组合在负荷LoVo异种移植物的裸鼠中，避免了毒性，同时仍然保持疗效。

实验操作来自于公开的文献，仅供参考细胞实验细胞系H23, H460, A549, and H358 cells方法Cells are treated in white walled, clear bottom 96-well plates with the indicated doses of AZD6738, cisplatin, gemcitabine, or combination for 48 h. ATP levels are assessed as surrogate measure of viability is assessed using the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent CellViability Assay and Saﬁre2 plate reader. Raw data are corrected for background luminescence prior to further analysis. For AZD6738treatment, log dose response curves are generated in GraphPad Prism 6 by nonlinear regression (log(inhibitor) vs. response withvariable slope) of log-transformed (x = log(x)) data normalized to the mean of untreated controls. GI50 values, deﬁned as the dose X atwhich Y = 50%, were extrapolated from dose response curves.浓度~30 μM处理时间48 h动物实验动物模型Female athymic nude mice bearing H23 or H460 xenografts配制10% DMSO, 40% propylene glycol, and 50% sterile dH2O剂量25 or 50 mg/kg给药处理p.o.不同实验动物依据体表面积的等效剂量转换表（数据来源于FDA指南）小鼠大鼠兔豚鼠仓鼠狗重量 (kg)0.020.15 1.80.40.0810体表面积 (m)0.0070.0250.150.050.020.5K系数36128520动物 A (mg/kg) = 动物 B (mg/kg) × 动物 B的K系数动物 A的K系数AZD6738 目录号M8914化学数据2mmm例如，依据体表面积折算法，将白藜芦醇用于小鼠的剂量22.4 mg/kg 换算成大鼠的剂量，需要将22.4 mg/kg 乘以小鼠的K系数（3），再除以大鼠的K系数m m （6），得到白藜芦醇用于大鼠的等效剂量为11.2 mg/kg。

ACTI-KLEAN 产品说明书

Material Safety Data SheetPRODUCT: ACTI-KLEAN CAT. NO.:AK-1, AK-5, AK-55MANUFACTURED BY: TELEPHONE NUMBERS:Sporlan Division- Parker Hannifin Corporation Office: 1-(636)-239-1111206 Lange Drive Emergency Only: 1-(800) 424-9300Washington, MO 63090OSHA Hazardous Components (29 CFR 1910.1200) EXPOSURE LIMITS: 8 HR. TWAOSHA PEL ACGIH TLVEthylene gylcol monobutyl ether (CAS# 111-76-2) 25 ppm (skin) 25 ppm (skin) Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (CAS# 27176-87-0) NE NEEMERGENCY OVERVIEW:WARNING! Eye and skin irritant. Harmful if swallowed or inhaled.POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS:INHALATION:Inhalation of vapors in high concentration may cause headache, nausea, vomiting.EYE CONTACT:Irritation develops immediately on contact.SKIN CONTACT:Irritation develops on contact.INGESTION:Harmful if swallowed. May cause headache, nausea, vomiting.CHRONIC Effects:Not established.NOTE:CARCINOGENICITY: LISTED IN NTP? No IARC? No OSHA Regulated? NoINHALATION:Remove victim to fresh air and, if needed, immediately begin artificial respiration. Give oxygen if breathing is labored. Get emergency medical help. Contact a physician immediately.EYE CONTACT:Flush eyes with water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention if symptoms develop and persist.SKIN CONTACT:Flush with water or soap and water for 15 minutes or until all traces have been removed. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop and persist.INGESTION:Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth out with water. Get immediate medical attention.FLASHPOINT (TEST METHOD):Not flammable - aqueous solution.FLAMMABLE LIMITS: NA LOWER: NA UPPER: NAAUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE:NEGENERAL HAZARD:FIRE FIGHTING INSTRUCTIONS:Approach fire from upwind side. Avoid breathing smoke, fumes, mist, or vapors on the downwind side. Firefighterswear protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:Dry powder, carbon dioxide (CO2), water fog or spray.HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS:Acrid smoke, irritating and toxic fumes of SO x, H2S, PO x.LAND SPILL:SMALL SPILLS: Flush to sewer with large amounts of water. 10 parts water to 1 part product.LARGE SPILLS: Pick up with absorbent media, place in non-leaking containers for proper disposal or reuse.WATER SPILL:Notify proper authorities. Clean up leaks/spills immediately to prevent soil or water contamination.HANDLING:Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. After handling this product, wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking. If contact occurs, remove contaminated clothing. If needed, take first aid action shown in section IV. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. STORAGE:Store away from food stuffs.ENGINEERING CONTROLS:Local exhaust ventilation.PERSONAL PROTECTION:Respiratory protection not normally needed under normal conditions of use. Use rubber or latex gloves, chemical goggles or full face shields. Use boots, aprons, drench showers, eye wash as needed for protection against spills and/or splashes.VAPOR PRESSURE: ND VAPOR DENSITY (Air=1): NDSPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O=1): 1.02 EVAPORATION RATE(BuAc=1): <1SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Complete VOC (G/L):Prepared by: Sporlan Division- Parker Hannifin CorporationThis information is furnished without warranty, expressed or implied, except that it is accurate to the best knowledge of Parker Hannifin Corporation. The data on this sheet related only to specific material designated herein. Parker Hannifin assumes no legal responsibility for use or reliance upon these data.pH: 11-12FREEZING POINT: NDBOILING POINT: 212 FAPPEARANCE & ODOR: Green liquid.STABILITY: Stable. CONDITIONS TO AVOID: High temperatures. MATERIALS TO AVOID: Oxidizers.HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: SO x , H 2S, PO x and from combustion - smoke and toxic fumes. HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur.Ethylene Glycolmonobutylether TDLo: 600 mg/kg (oral - wmn) TCLo: 195 ppm/8hr (inh - human) GIT TCLo: 100 ppm (inh - human) NOSE, EYE, CNS LD50: 470 mg/kg (oral - rat)LC50: 2900 mg/m 3(inh - rat) Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acidLD50:50-500 mg/kg (oral - mouse)Harmful to aquatic life in very low concentrations.Ethylene Glycolmonobutylether1000 ppm / 24 hr / brine shrimp / TLmDodecyl benzene sulfonic acid5 - 15 ppm / guppy / lethal conc.Dispose as hazardous waste. Classification and documentation is required before disposal. Follow all local, state and federal regulations.PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Non-regulated material, liquidHAZARD CLASS:IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: DOT Emergency Guide #: Reportable Quantity (RQ):International:Non-regulated material, liquidTSCA (Toxic Substance Control Act): Components of this product are listed on the TSCA Inventory. CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act): Reportable quantity is 1000 lbs. (dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid). Contact local authorities for other reporting requirements. SARA TITLE III (Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act): Not listed. CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65:Not listed.State Right-to-Know Programs: MA, NJ, PA NFPA Ratings Health: 1 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 0 HMIS Protective Equipment: X See your supervisor。

硼氢化钾的cas号

硼氢化钾的cas号
硼氢化钾是一种常用的还原剂，其化学式为KBH4。

其英文名称为Potassium borohydride，CAS号为13762-51-1。

硼氢化钾是一种白色晶体固体，可以在水中溶解，并且具有较强的还原性。

硼氢化钾在有机合成中被广泛使用，可以用于还原醛、酮、酸和酯等化合物。

同时，硼氢化钾还可以用于制备含烷基的硼氢化物，这些物质在有机合成中也有着广泛的应用。

硼氢化钾的CAS号为13762-51-1，是化学品的唯一标识符号。

CAS号由化学品抽象服务(CAS)分配，是一种有全球公认的化学品标识符。

CAS号可用于识别化合物，在化学品的生产、贸易、储存和使用过程中都有着重要的作用。

在购买硼氢化钾时，需要注意化学品的CAS号，以确保购买到正确的化学品。

同时，在使用硼氢化钾时，需要注意其强烈的还原性，应当采取相应的安全措施，避免意外发生。

总之，硼氢化钾是一种重要的有机合成试剂，其CAS号为13762-51-1。

在使用硼氢化钾时，需要注意其安全性，并遵循相关的操作规程。

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