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GMAT(教学部+)长难句
申友国际教育（教学部）复合句1.In order for the far-ranging benefits of individual ownership to be achieved by owners,companies,and countries,employees and other individuals must make their own decisions to buy,and they must commit some of their own resources to the choice.2.None of these high-technology methods are of any value if the sites to which they are applied have never mineralized,and to maximize the chances of discovery the explorer must therefore pay particular attention to selecting the ground formations most likely to be mineralized.3.New techniques for determining the molecular sequence of the RNA of organisms have produced evolutionary information about the degree to which organisms are related,the time since they diverged from a common ancestor, and the reconstruction of ancestral versions of genes.4.Joseph Glarthaar’s Forged in Battle is not the first excellent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War,but it uses more soldiers’letters and diaries—including rare material from Black soldiers—and concentrates more intensely on Black-White relations in Black regiments than do any of its predecessors.5.Woodward had an unerring sense of the revolutionary moment,and of how historical evidence could undermine the mythological tradition that was crushing the dreams of new social possibilities.6.The mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently.7.Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.8.Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics,since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the"poetic" novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.9.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States,but his definition of racial prejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,"can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.10.Although I dedicate this volume to her and to her best friend,fellow club woman and retired primary school teacher Virtea Downey,I still blush at the fact that I went to graduate school to become a historian in order to contribute to the Black Struggle for social justice and yet met her request to write a history of Black women in Indiana with condescension.11.Their primary action took place at night on rain-swept city streets,in narrow ash-can alleys,in claustrophobic diners,and in dingy,shadowy hotel rooms with neon signs flashing outside the windows,rooms in which,as hard-boiled author Nelson Algren once put it,“every bed you rent makes you an accessory to somebody else’s shady past.”12.Toward the end of the afternoon,we followed what seemed to be a large movement of chimpanzees into one great open room in the forest,relatively clear except for columns of but trees.13.Our one great accomplishment is language,but our great hope is the internal compass that may enable us to guide ourselves and our technological powers into the future:our glowing capacity for valuing our own kind and for at least some empathy beyond our kind.14.Bringing this voice to life via the book is one of the subtler aspects of the reading magic,but hearing a book in the voice of another amounts to a silencing of that self—it is an act of vocal tyranny.15.The Whigs were strongest in the towns,cities,and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy,whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically.16.People who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime—are likely to act aggressively,whereas people who believe that a particular War or act of aggression is unjust,who think that aggression is never justified,are less likely to behave aggressively.17.Jazz became the hottest new thing in dance music,much as ragtime had at the turn of the century,and as would rhythm and blues in the forties,rock in the fifties,and disco in the seventies.18.when it comes to substantive--particularly behavioral-information,crows are less well known than many comparably common species and,for that matter, not a few quite uncommon ones:the endangered California condor,to cite one obvious example.19.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra,and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.20.Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks,but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.21.During the1940's electron microscopes routinely achieved resolution better than that possible with a visible light microscope,while the performance of x-ray microscopes resisted improvement.申友国际教育（教学部）复杂句1.Early textile-mill entrepreneurs,in justifying women’s employment in wage labor,made much of the assumption that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores;the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women.2.Archean-age gold-quartz vein systems were formed more than two billion years ago from magmatic fluids that originated from molten granite-like bodies deep beneath the surface of the Earth.3.The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price,with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost.4.These techniques have strongly suggested that although the true bacteria indeed form a large coherent group,certain other bacteria,the archaebacteria, which are also prokaryotes and which resemble true bacteria,represent a distinct evolutionary branch that far antedates the common ancestor of all true bacteria.5.Historians have recently begun to emphasize the way a prevailing definition of femininity often determines the kinds of work allocated to women,even when such allocation is inappropriate to new conditions.6.Argument pointing out the extend of both structural and functional differences between eukaryotes and true bacteria convinced many biologists that the precursors of the eukaryotes must have diverged from the common ancestor before bacteria arose.7.Paul confessed with ironic modesty that the first edition had begun to suffer under some of the handicaps that might be expected in a history of the American Revolution published in1776.8.This revisionist view of Jim Crow legislation grew in Part from the research that Woodward had done for the NAACP legal campaign during its preparation for Brown v.Board of Education.9.Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines,thereby eliminating the need to store the spare stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.10.Merchants chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices,including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs.11.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels,bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.12.That each large film will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized vacates of free market economic theories.13.The historian Frederick J.Turner wrote in the1890’s that the agrarian discontent that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870had been precipitated by the closing of the internal frontier——that is,the depletion of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system.14.With the conclusion of a burst activity,the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids,leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted,via oxidative metabolism,by the liver into glucose,which is then sent in part back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis.15.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent,he shows that the slaves’preference,revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent,was very much for stable monogamy.16.Such variations in size,shape,chemistry,conduction speed,excitation threshold,and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.17.what are we to make of this sputtering debate,in which charges of imperialism are met by equally passionate accusations of vandalism,in which each side hates the other,and yet each seems to have its share of reason?18.This preference for exogamy,Daivd suggests,may have derived from West African rules governing marriage,which,though they differed from one tribal group to another,all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.19.It is incomprehensible that a way cannot be found to protect a mere60 square miles of land that are home to one of the world’s most spectacular biological phenomena.20.Paul argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore,music,and religious expression from one generation to another,a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.21.The well-lit,singing and tap-dancing,happy-ending world of the1930’s had in ten short years become a hostile,orderless place in which alienation, obsession,and paranoia ruled.22.American humor,neither unfathomably absurd like the Irish,nor sharp and sensible and full of the realities of life like the Scottish,is simply the humor of imagination.23.The costume served as a stand-in for herself,a second skin never totally assimilated to the person hidden under it but so integral to her that even when it was taken off,it retained something of the wearer's being.24.The one word that sums up the attitude of the silent filmmaker is enthusiasm, conveyed most strongly before formulas took shape and when there was more room for experiments.25.The recording industry is unalterably convinced that the easy availability of freely downloadable commercial songs will bring about the apocalypse,and yet since downloadable music began flooding the Net,CD sales have risen by20 percent.26.Flying against the azure sky and past the green boughs of the oyamels,this myriad of dancing embers reinforced my earlier conclusion that this spectacle is a treasure comparable to the finest works of art that our world culture has produced over the past4000years.27.The tension between race pride and identification with the nation as a whole was nowhere more dramatic than in the most controversial editorial ever printed in Crisis,"Close Ranks,"which in July1918called on Black Americans to "forget our special grievances and cloy our ranks"with the White people "fighting for democracy"during the First World War.28.Perhaps the most devastating single criticism of the authenticity of the museum design has been that excavation of the original villa site has been so incomplete that there is insufficient knowledge available even to attempt a legitimate re-creation.29.What did amaze me about the potato-size rock that fell from Mars was that it had traveled millions of miles across space to land here,blasted from world to world by a planetary collision of the sort that purportedly killed off our dinosaurs,and had lain waiting for millennia upon an Antarctic ice field,until an observant young woman traveling in an expedition party picked it up, because she figured that it had come from another world.30.Except for these few dubious addresses,each little plot in our development was landscaped like a miniature estate;the puniest“expanse”of unhedged lawn was made to look like a public park.31.Scent for many of us can be only a theoretical,technical expression that we use because our grammar requires that we have a noun to go in the sentences we are prompted to utter about animals'tracking.32.The concept of two warring souls within the body of the Black American was as meaningful for Du Bois at the end of his years as editor of Crisis,the official journal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP),as when he had first used the image at the start of the century.33.They like a play when they become interested in the human destinies that are represented,when the love and hatred,the joys and sorrows of the dramatic personages so move them that they participate in it all as though it were happening in real life.34.To mention just one example,no one has yet succeeded in putting before us even a single viewer who was incapable of telling the difference between a family quarrel in the current soap opera and one at his or her family's breakfast table.35.Claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.36.What is particularly meaningful to anthropologists is the realization that although the materials available to a society may to some extent limit or influence what it can do artistically,the materials by no means determine what is done.37.The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North,though less spectacularly.38.In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord,and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group,a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.39.As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health,it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy.40.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.41.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century,including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it,the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality,finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound,from a liquid,singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.42.These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history,providing flesh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented.43.Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface,the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans,in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.44.The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl.45.The different uses to which societies put these materials are of interest to anthropologists who may ask,for example,why a people chooses to use clay and not copper when both items are available.46.What we today call American folk art was,indeed,art of,by,and for ordinary,everyday“folks”who,with increasing prosperity and leisure,created a market for art of all kinds,and especially for portraits.47.Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy,desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height,and temperatures as high as46degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles.48.A useful definition of an air pollutant is a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals,vegetation,or materials adversely.49.Growing tightly packed together and collectively weaving a dense canopy of branches,a stand of red alder trees can totally dominate a site to the exclusion of almost everything else.50.In taking up a new life across the Atlantic,the early European settlers of the United States did not abandon the diversions with which their ancestors had traditionally relieved the tedium of life.申友国际教育（教学部）省略句1.While perhaps true of those officers who joined Black units for promotion or other self-serving motives,this statement misrepresents the attitudes of the many abolitionists who became officers in Black regiments.2.The consumption of protein increases blood concentration of the other amino acids much more,proportionately,than it does that of tryptophan.3.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.4.Although some experiments show that,as an object becomes familiar,its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel,the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis,at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar.5.However,as they gained cohesion,the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres,who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon.6.Even the requirement that biomaterials processed from these materials be nontoxic to host tissue can be met by techniques derived from studying the reactions of tissue cultures to biomaterials or from short-term implants.7.Apparently most massive stars manage to lose sufficient material that their masses drop below the critical value of1.4M before they exhaust their nuclear fuel.8.An impact(on the Mars)capable of ejecting a fragment of the Martian surface into an Earth-intersecting orbit is even less probable than such an event on the Moon,in view of the Moon’s smaller size and closer proximity to Earth.9.In experiments,an injection of cytoplasm from dextral eggs changes the pattern of sinistral eggs,but an injection from sinistral eggs does not influence dextral eggs.10.The correlation of carbon dioxide with temperature,of course,does not establish whether changes in atmospheric composition caused the warming and cooling trends or were caused by their.申友国际教育（教学部）倒装句1.More remarkable than the origin has been the persistence of such sex segregation in twentieth-century industry.2.Emancipation has been less profound than expected,for not even industrial wage labor has escaped continued sex segregation in the workplace.3.So desperate is the situation that the Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources has recognized the monarch migration as an endangered biological phenomenon and has designated it the first priority in their effort to conserve the butterflies of the world.4.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the20years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth.5.Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate,or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.6.Had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils,they might well have been classified as dinosaurs.7.Most important,perhaps,was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist,Thomas Cole,who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.8.Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate,lay eggs,and rear their young are common murres,Atlantic puffins,black-legged kittiwakes,and northern gannets.9.Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits.10.Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals,sometimes easily recognizable as such,often distorted into gorgeous,weird,but always functional shapes.11.With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it,young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression.12.Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before1927as “silent”,the film has never been,in the full sense of the word,silent.13.Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity,the number of species in a particular ecosystem,to the health of the Earth and human well-being.14.Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well:that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring their own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony.15.Soldiers rarely hold the ideals that movies attribute to them.Nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity.16.Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration,from town and farm to city,within the United States.17.Here in lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine.18.Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle,but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.19.One such novel idea is that of inserting into the chromosomes of plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants’natural constitution:specifically, the idea of inserting into nonleguminous plants the genes,if they can be identified and isolated,that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria.Hence,the intensified research on legumes.20.Human genes contain too little information even to specify which hemisphere of the brain each of a human’s10”neurons should occupy,let alone the hundreds of connections that each neuron makes.。
出国留学考试高分指导系列-管卫东招徒亲授GMAT逻辑高分备考指导
江西省南昌市2015-2016学年度第一学期期末试卷（江西师大附中使用）高三理科数学分析一、整体解读试卷紧扣教材和考试说明，从考生熟悉的基础知识入手，多角度、多层次地考查了学生的数学理性思维能力及对数学本质的理解能力，立足基础，先易后难，难易适中，强调应用，不偏不怪，达到了“考基础、考能力、考素质”的目标。
试卷所涉及的知识内容都在考试大纲的范围内，几乎覆盖了高中所学知识的全部重要内容，体现了“重点知识重点考查”的原则。
1．回归教材，注重基础试卷遵循了考查基础知识为主体的原则，尤其是考试说明中的大部分知识点均有涉及，其中应用题与抗战胜利70周年为背景，把爱国主义教育渗透到试题当中，使学生感受到了数学的育才价值，所有这些题目的设计都回归教材和中学教学实际，操作性强。
2．适当设置题目难度与区分度选择题第12题和填空题第16题以及解答题的第21题，都是综合性问题，难度较大，学生不仅要有较强的分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及扎实深厚的数学基本功，而且还要掌握必须的数学思想与方法，否则在有限的时间内，很难完成。
3．布局合理，考查全面，着重数学方法和数学思想的考察在选择题，填空题，解答题和三选一问题中，试卷均对高中数学中的重点内容进行了反复考查。
包括函数，三角函数，数列、立体几何、概率统计、解析几何、导数等几大版块问题。
这些问题都是以知识为载体，立意于能力，让数学思想方法和数学思维方式贯穿于整个试题的解答过程之中。
二、亮点试题分析1．【试卷原题】11.已知,,A B C 是单位圆上互不相同的三点，且满足AB AC →→=，则AB AC →→⋅的最小值为（ ）A ．14-B ．12-C ．34-D ．1-【考查方向】本题主要考查了平面向量的线性运算及向量的数量积等知识，是向量与三角的典型综合题。
解法较多，属于较难题，得分率较低。
【易错点】1．不能正确用OA ，OB ，OC 表示其它向量。
2．找不出OB 与OA 的夹角和OB 与OC 的夹角的倍数关系。
GMAT长难句讲解分析(图解版)
GMATA desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.what we might consider a novelist-scientistOf the various ways in which technology is expanding what a book can be, one of the most successful so far has been to add to book something that children have enjoyed for ever, and that most people required until the 20th century: another person to do the reading.In the 1960’s long-term studies of primate behavior often used as subjects tamaris, small monkeys that were thought ideal because they require only small cages, breed frequently, and grow quickly.Dr Gravekamp came up with the idea following her discovery that weakened bacteria (specifically, a modified form of Listeria monocytogenes) she was using for other purposes in tumour-afflicted mice, and which were cleared from most of the animal’s body by its immune system over the course of a few days, remained in the tumours.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions.Senator Ted Cruz of Texas contrasts Mr. Obama's willingness to let airlines serve West Africa with July's "highly suspicious" decision by the Federal Aviation Authority to halt American flights into Israel after a rocket fell near that country's main airport, just as the government was—Mr. Cruz growls—pressing Israel to grant concessions to Hamas.Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net (net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton (nannoplankton) that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.thatThe best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that England’s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy, dominated by expansionist militarist objectives, generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution.Recently Amazon has been waging a very public, months-long war with Hachette, a large publisher, in which it has in the eyes of many abused the power that its market dominance provides in an attempt to squeeze Hachette's profits and drive prices even lower.thatBecause the potential hazards pollen grains are subject to as they are transported over long distances are enormous, wind pollinated plants have, in the view above, compensated for the ensuing loss of pollen through happenstance by virtue of producing an amount of pollen that is one to three orders of magnitude greater than the amount produced by species pollinated by insects.ԆHis research, which assumes that a normal flight schedule is in operation, calculates how probable it is that an infected person boarding a plane in the worst-affected countries—Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, in particular—will disembark in each of dozens of other destinations.It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880s created a new class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work."Just one extra year of schooling makes someone10% less likely to attend a church, mosque or temple, pray alone or describe himself as religious, concludes a paper published on October 6th that looks at the relationship between religiosity and the length of time spent in school.a paper concludes that one extra year of schooling makes someone …The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.形式主语Instead, they rely more on recruiting the brightest undergraduates, in the belief that it is more productive—and better value—to develop cohorts of junior analysts in-house, rather than those with fixed ideas honed on expensive MBA programs.In order to understand the nature of the ecologist’s investigation, we may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the "signal" ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret, one that tends to make the population increase from relatively low values or decrease from relatively high ones, while the density-independent effects act to produce "noise" in the population dynamics.The "explorations" part of the project is, for instance, backing an astrophysicist who proposes to use lasers to herd malarial mosquitoes away from people, and a car mechanic who is trying to help the health of newborns by adapting a common car-repair tool to assist with difficult births.形式主语Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.Equally evocative are Carter’s diaries and record cards, and his delicate drawings of the finds, including a pencil sketch of the masked king lying in a nest of coffins.These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars—only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers—will be at stake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding, a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.But there are only so many hours in the day and she already combines multiple academic disciplines into a repertoire of research that spans an ambition to drive an electric car powered by a virus battery to building better touch-screens for digital devices and lately to giving surgeons new tools to detect and potentially treat minute traces of cancer.。
【GMAT长难句读法】例句分析
第二章深入篇看了上一章，相信你已经知道怎样可以读懂一个难句了，但是难句有很多种，不同的难句要有不同的读法，这样才能在最短的时间内，最快速，最准确的读懂一个很难的句子。
笔者认为读难句有三种境界：一. 认识，所以知道；二. 不认识，但是知道；三. 认识，但是不知道。
下面我们就一起来进入读难句的三个境界。
一．认识句子中的单词，所以知道句子的意思。
认识句子中的单词，所以知道句子的意思，这是读句子的第一个境界。
这种句子可能是我们平时生活中常见的，或者句子是讲某一专业的方面，但句子中的单词并没有达到某种深度，所以我们可以大概认识句子中的所有单词。
句子的结构也不是特别复杂，所以认识句子的单词基本可以知道句子的意思。
读这种难句，相对来讲是比较容易的，只要按照我们前面介绍过的方法读句子就可以了，注意忘记语法，不理会复杂的句子形式，只看句子的内容，也就是按英文顺序排列的中文即可。
下面例句有些人名地名仍然保留原样，因为对我们理解句子意思并不产生影响，这样的句子已经接近读句子的第二个境界了。
1．While Jackie Robinson was a Brooklyn Dodger, his courage in the face of physical threats and verbal attacks was not unlike that of Rosa Parks, who refused to move to the back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama.#当Jackie Robinson 是一个Brooklyn Dodger时，他的勇气面对身体上的威胁和语言上的攻击，并不像Rosa Parks的那样，Rosa Parks拒绝移动到一辆汽车的后面在Montgomery, Alabama。
2．A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors have elected to retire early rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.# 一个最近的研究发现，在过去的几年里，很多医生选择早点退休，而不是面临威胁/被起诉的和越来越多的费用/用于不当处置的保险的。
GMAT阅读长难句解析(9,69)
GMAT阅读长难句解析（9/69）杨鹏长难句最大的好处就是它不仅仅有翻译，还有句子类型分类，详细的句子分析和意群训练。
所以前期在做题的时候最好严格按照老师教的方法，循序渐进，千万不要为了追求速度而囫囵吞枣，不求甚解，接下来小编就GMAT阅读长难句解析为大家介绍下，希望考生能够掌握，顺利备考GMAT 阅读考试。
009Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information about the site and circumstances of their production：therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new infor-mation about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and a- bout the history of the universe.难句类型：复杂修饰+倒装难度：4标志：Furthermore, neutrinos carry /with them/ infonnation ( about the site and cir- cumstances of their production) ; therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new information (about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena) and ( about the history of the universe).译文：而且，中微子携带了(一些关于其产生的地点和环境的)信息/在其身上/，因此，对中微子的探测能够提供(关于广泛的宇宙现象)和(宇宙历史的)g 信息。
解释：本句的惟一难点就是句首出现的倒装：neutrinos carry /with them/ information (about the site and circumstances of their production)的正常语序应该是neutrinos carry in- formation ( about the site and circumstances of their production) /with them/。
2023年GMAT阅读理解堂笔记
GMAT阅读主讲老师：黄深第三次上课2023-02-07上午：回顾长难句信息提取例句4，具有考点：一，给出了大写，二，给出了一对反义词，有对比关系。
重点关注考点句，非考点句总结1.2.3记住：首（末）句+段首或段中however yet but句→唯一文章主题词、多个段落关键词、态度词、主题句、结论句：关键词→TW, AW, TS=CS; Linking Words→其中态度词特别重要→段落首末句+下段首句* 详读：段内对比：两个模块的反义词：因果机制：首末句：非因果机制非对比：一对并列词标记：让步、（甚至记住）句内对比比较、大小写。
单词：突破阅读理解，单词是关键。
例题：小蓝P3一方面，判断文章套路。
看文章的段首段尾，中间段的首句及关联词。
新老观点：While表让步，重要，让步之后必有转折，让步给出正评价，主句必须负评价。
Since之后是论据（态度证据），since之前是论点。
在论据之中找考点和论点。
另一方面，要判断段落模式。
一般段落无法判断是什么模式，则一般认为其是并列模式。
再次，选项中出现极端表达，而文中没有出现此极端表达，该选项错误。
此外，other经常出现在错误选项。
相似选项比较差别，往往是一字之差。
对一个新观点，作者不也许给出一个辩驳态度。
In + n. 在句中出现表细节。
GMAT阅读题型解析最难：信息题（1-2道）最易：核心题（2-5道）把握：定点题（8-10道）抱负搭配：核心题：2道信息题：2道定点题：10道核心题（2-5道，属最易题）问主题或态度或结构。
定位到TW, TS, CS, KW, AW解题—〉各段首句（有时看首末段末句）1．主题题 Main ideaThe primary purpose of the passage is toWhich of the following best expresses the author’s main idea?有TS，定位TS，特别注意TS中的NP。
GMATGRE阅读难句教程全方位评析
《GMAT/GRE阅读长难句教程》全方位评析谭雯太傻留学咨询考试专家（北京），任职以来，长期辅导学生备战IBT和GMAT，尤其对GMAT考试有丰富的经验以及见解，为学生取得实质性的提升。
在太傻工作的两年时间内，帮助许多客户取得了满意的成绩，在出国留学的道路上，和客户一起攻克了语言考试方面的障碍。
很多学生在备考GMAT/GRE阅读的过程中都存在着或多或少的问题，有些学生认为阅读部分词汇很难，没办法读懂；另外一些学生认为在做阅读题的时候，句子分析起来太难,无从下手。
词汇也许我们可以采取最普遍的“死记硬背”的方法，找到一个方向。
然而，GMAT/GRE 阅读中的难句，我们应该如何攻克呢？在此，我讲为大家推荐一本突破GMAT/GRE阅读长难句的书籍。
下面，我将结合在太傻留学咨询多年辅导客户的经验，在下文对《GRE,GMAT阅读难句教程》进行介绍和分析：《GRE & GMAT阅读难句教程》的特点：这本书的使用原则和训练模式具有以下特点：三大使用原则：技巧点拨，迅速读懂；利用语法，不靠语法；学练结合，以练为主；四大训练模式：意群训练；不回视训练；合理化原则推理训练；速度与理解力的平衡点训练。
《GMAT/GRE阅读长难句教程》的练习目的：在我们平时的基本练习阅读长难句中，这一部分的练习可以让我们能够迅速一遍读懂那些长句子和那些在文章中起重要作用的句子，比如：出题点或者涉及到重要信息的句子。
不仅提升阅读速度而且为阅读提升打下良好基础。
练习这本书让我们可以达到以下目的：第一，训练学生在现场迅速读懂GMAT/GRE考试中出现的难句子的能力。
第二，本书也可以用作复习GMAT考试阅读部分的参考书，我们可以在此查找到在文章中最难以理解的句子的详细解释（包括中文翻译和语法分析）。
所以，以上两个练习目的，不仅是针对平时阅读技能的一个提升，而且，更为重要的是，在我们面对GMAT/GRE阅读部分文章句子分析和理解的时候，更为轻松，更具实效性。
攻克GMAT英语长难句的秘诀
攻克GMAT英语长难句的秘诀你在复习GMAT英语吗?是否常常对着GMAT长难句一筹莫展?今天小编为大家带来攻克GMAT英语长难句的秘诀，希望对大家的GMAT考试有帮助。
无论是在读大学生，还是远离校园的职场人，GMAT和平时用到的英文都有很大差别，尤其是长难句需要花很多时间复习。
来看看李金龙攻克GMAT英语长难句的秘诀吧，助你一臂之力。
作为一个远离校园的职场人，复习GMAT对我来说还是有一定的难度。
虽然在我平时工作中，英语的使用极其频繁，但是职场英语和GMAT之间的差别还是很大的。
首先我面临最大的问题，那就是GMAT长难句。
我英语功底还不错，但最初对于长难句的学习还是一筹莫展。
我特地买了相关书籍和官方教材，每天上午起床后都会用半小时背5个长句子，分析其结构，看书中的解释，用心记住，每天如此，渐渐的，看到长难句也不觉得那么“可怕”了。
其次，我是上班族，如何平衡上班和学习时间变得尤其重要。
我的每天的工作还是比较繁忙的，所以我都是抽用早晨起床以后，中午休息时分，以及晚上的黄金时间来复习GMAT。
早晨背长难句，中午用百词斩APP背50个GMAT核心词汇，晚上回到家以后看三个半小时的OG。
虽然我每天的复习时间很有限的，但复习的过程是充实且快乐的。
从一筹莫展到茅塞顿开，从无所适从到得心应手。
每天进步一点点，每天体会不一样的GMAT。
GMAT备考之路是漫长又有趣的，我很愿意这一路有GMAT相伴，在忙碌的工作之余，做一些有意思的逻辑语法题，看看Essay，思考一下IR，读一读阅读理解的文章，算一算Math的数据。
复习的过程其实也可以很惬意。
GMAT考试是你考取商学院的助力，而不是阻力。
摆正心态，积极面对备考中的难题，让自己每天进步一点点，你就能在复习的过程中找到快乐。
以上就是小编为大家带来的攻克GMAT英语长难句的秘诀的全部内容，希望考生能充分利用。
GMAT考试是一场硬仗，考生可以根据以上经验结合自己的实际情况为自己制定一份高效省时的备考计划。
(完整版)gmatgre长难句打印版
也不知道杨鹏先生是否同意（应该不会反对，呵呵，一样么？），我将其《GRE&GMAT 阅读难句教程》中的G部分全部摘录下来，希望能够对大家有所帮助，不过在摘录的过程中，发现电子版的好像跟正规出版的差几个句子，也罢，全部原封不动了！真的很感谢杨先生，我的阅读水平显著提高了，就在这个5、1长假，而且我还玩了好长时间，呵呵不过路漫漫，不知何时是尽头，我准备7月份考G，8月份考T，呵呵，年底申请，最好是能够申请Marketing了，与同道中人一起努力了，呵呵！感谢ECUST 的Miss Hu提供的资料。
我在berrain抄录所有难句的基础上加了杨鹏的解释和意群训练，这样此文档基本已涵盖全书的内容，希望它对各位G友的阅读能力能有所帮助。
GRE难句解读——提高GRE阅读必须要过的第一关作者：杨鹏读者学习指导：大原则：以实战的要求为目的。
难句子不仅出现在阅读中，还出现在句子填空、逻辑但体中，因此，对难句子得攻克变得相当重要。
原则一：迅速读懂原则二：利用语法、不靠语法即在Gre中，考生永远也不需要再考场上分析一句话的语法成分，也不要想这句话有没有语法错误，考生的唯一任务就是现场迅速的读懂文章。
然而在初期可以少量的运用语法，目的有二：一为初学者如果看不懂句子得结构，往往会感到心情沮丧，或大脑混乱，根本就读不尽文章，因此引入语法能够给读者以信心；二为运用语法，可以了解文章的语法结构，并最终完全熟悉各种类型的句子，达到一遍就可以读懂句子得效果。
原则三：学练结合，以连为主训练的类别：1、难句阅读训练；2、阅读理解力训练；即“懂”3、阅读速度与阅读习惯训练，即“迅速”。
实际上，对于英语语法得学习，包括对英文单词的中文释意的记忆和对英语句子得中文翻译，都只是我们学习英语的辅助工具；我们最终的目的，是为了提高对英语的实际使用能力。
具体到Gre的考试的应用上，就是看到英语句子时，正确的做法不应该是现场分析出其余法结构，再背出每个单词的中文释意，再把这些中文单词串成句子，最后才根据翻译出来的中文来想这句话的意思是什么，而是读到每个单词、每一句话的时候，大脑中的第一反映是其意思而不是中文释意。
陈琦戈弋GRE长难句300例unit13
陈琦戈弋GRE长难句300例unit131.Although some experiments show that, as an object becomes familiar,its internal representation becomes more holistic and that the recognition process becomes correspondingly more parallel, the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar.虽然一些实验表明，当人们对某一物体熟悉之后，这个物体在内心中的形象变得更加完整，相应的对其的认知过程也更趋于平行，但是似乎有更重要的证据能够证明辩识过程是一系列的假说，至少对于不是特别简单或者熟悉的物体而言。
2.As a representative system in which elected officials both determinegovernment policy and elected officials are accountable to a broad-based electorate, polyarchy reinforce a diffusion of power away from any single center and a diffusion of power toward a variety of individuals, groups, and organizations.多元民主政治制度是一种代议制体制，在这个体制中，被选出来的官员不仅制定了政策，还要对广泛的选民负责。
多元民主政治制度加强了权力从单一的中心向四周的扩散，并且使得权力流向不同的个人、团体和组织。
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GMAT长难句很头疼？线上课程免费听
2012年11月9号晚，申友教育联合多贝网成功举办了主题为“45分钟攻克GMAT阅读长难句”的线上免费公开课程。
主讲人是申友教育GMAT资深老师Demon。
Demon老师在GMAT语法，GMAT阅读，GMAT写作等方面有着丰富的教学经验，对于此次的线上课程，同学们纷纷表示对自己帮助很大。
本课程共45分钟，分为四个部分。
第一部分是由Demon老师给大家介绍GMAT 阅读。
Demon老师从阅读的长度，题目数量，题材三个方面讲解GMAT阅读。
通过与托福，雅思阅读的对比，提出GMAT阅读主要考的是一种商科思维模式，并与大家探讨需要的商科思维包含哪些方面。
第二部分是结合真题来讲解GMAT难句的特点。
Demon老师带领大家梳理真题的难句的结构和句式及来源，总结GMAT阅读难句具有短小精悍，难于理解的特点，给大家讲解做题思路，教授做题方法。
第三部分是针对长难句讲解如何去突破。
Demon老师通过如何进行句子分析，如何应用线性思维，如何提取信息等三个方面讲解如何对长难句进行突破。
首先从句子类型的从句入手，结合各种句子的例子，给大家分析各种句子类型的特点。
其次重点讲解阅读策略，解析如何抓主干，找中心，快速阅读。
第四部分Demon老师通过经典句子分析，结合之前讲解的方法，让学生对做题方法有个巩固。
总结如何运用商科思维解题。
课程的最后是听众与Demon老师进行互动问答，由Demon老师进行答疑。
线上课程于晚上8：30结束。
Demon老师的幽默诙谐的讲课风格，使学员对GMAT 有了一定的了解。
这次讲座之后，学生也可以和Demon老师进行沟通。
申友教育发展至今，帮助了无数学子在GMAT考试上取得了高分。
申友教育会继续给大家带来免费线上课程，来帮助更多的学生突破GMAT高分。
希望大家持续关注，让申友教育在你杀G的道路上助你一臂之力。
本次课程回放地址：/record/8478280827。