MFC应用程序设计中的常用控件

安康学院电子与信息工程学院实验报告一、实验目的：掌握利用MFC进行Windows应用程序设计时，常用控件的基本方法。

二、实验题目内容及要求：1. 编写一个用于进行成绩计算的程序。

具体要求如下：界面中显示五个裁判所给出的等级制成绩（每个裁判利用一组单选按钮进行打分，成绩分为“优秀”、“良好”、“中等”、“及格”、“不及格”的档次），单击界面中的“计算”按钮之后，计算出百分制的平均成绩显示在界面中的一个文本框中，在计算时，每个档次的成绩对应的百分制成绩为：“优秀”——95分“良好”——85分“中等”——75分“及格”——65分“不及格”——45分要求程序的运行界面自主设计，在完成上述基本功能前提下，可以进一步进行功能扩展。

代码#include"stdafx.h"#include"MFCApplication4.h"#include"MFCApplication4Dlg.h" #include"afxdialogex.h"#ifdef_DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#endif class CAboutDlg : public CDialogEx {public:CAboutDlg();#ifdef AFX_DESIGN_TIMEenum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX }; #endifprotected:virtual voidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()};CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() :CDialogEx(IDD_ABOUTBOX){}voidCAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialogEx) END_MESSAGE_MAP()// CMFCApplication4Dlg 对话框CMFCApplication4Dlg::CMFCApplication4Dlg( CWnd* pParent/*=NULL*/):CDialogEx(IDD_MFCAPPLICATION4_DIALOG, pParent), m_po1(0), m_po2(0), m_po3(0), m_po4(0), m_po5(0), m_result(0){m_hIcon =AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);}voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::DoDataExchange(CData Exchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);DDX_Radio(pDX, IDC_RADIO1, m_po1);DDX_Radio(pDX, IDC_RADIO6, m_po2);DDX_Radio(pDX, IDC_RADIO11, m_po3);DDX_Radio(pDX, IDC_RADIO16, m_po4);DDX_Radio(pDX, IDC_RADIO21, m_po5);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_result); }BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMFCApplication4Dlg, CDialogEx)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_RADIO1,&CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedRadio1) ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_RADIO6,&CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedRadio6) ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON1,&CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedButton1) ON_EN_CHANGE(IDC_EDIT1,&CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnEnChangeEdit1) END_MESSAGE_MAP()// CMFCApplication4Dlg 消息处理程序BOOL CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnInitDialog() {CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);CMenu* pSysMenu =GetSystemMenu(FALSE);if (pSysMenu != NULL){BOOL bNameValid;CString strAboutMenu;bNameValid =strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(bNameValid);if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty()){pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);}}SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);return TRUE; }voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam){if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX){CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();}else{CDialogEx::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);}}void CMFCApplication4Dlg::OnPaint(){if (IsIconic()){CPaintDC dc(this);SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);int cxIcon =GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon =GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);}else{CDialogEx::OnPaint();}}HCURSORCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnQueryDragIcon() {return static_cast<HCURSOR>(m_hIcon); }int x1,x2,x3,x4,x5;voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedRadio1() {switch (m_po1){case 0:x1 = 95;break;case 1:x1 = 85;break;case 2:x1 = 75;break;case 3:x1 = 65;break;case 4:x1 = 45;break;}}voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedRadio6(){switch (m_po2){case 0:x2 = 95;break;case 1:x2 = 85;break;case 2:x2 = 75;break;case 3:x2 = 65;break;case 4:x2 = 45;break;}}voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnBnClickedButton1() {UpdateData(TRUE);switch (m_po1){case 0:x1 = 95;break;case 1:x1 = 85;break;case 2:x1 = 75;break;case 3:x1 = 65;break;case 4:x1 = 45;break; }switch (m_po2) {case 0:x2 = 95;break; case 1:x2 = 85;break; case 2:x2 = 75;break; case 3:x2 = 65;break; case 4:x2 = 45;break;}switch (m_po3) {case 0:x3 = 95;break; case 1:x3= 85;break; case 2:x3 = 75;break; case 3:x3 = 65;break; case 4:x3 = 45;break;}switch (m_po4) {case 0:x4 = 95;break; case 1:x4 = 85;break; case 2:x4 = 75;break; case 3:x4 = 65;break; case 4:x4 = 45;break;}switch (m_po5) {case 0:x5 = 95;break; case 1:x5 = 85;break; case 2:x5 = 75;break;case 3:x5 = 65;break;case 4:x5 = 45;break;}m_result = (x1 + x2+x3+x4+x5)/5;UpdateData(FALSE);}voidCMFCApplication4Dlg::OnEnChangeEdit1() {}运行结果：2.创建一个简单的调色板程序，程序界面中可以利用滚动条进行红、绿、蓝三种颜色分量值的调整，也可以直接在文本框中输入红、绿、蓝三种颜色分量值，在颜色分量值调整变化的同时，变化的颜色效果通过一个圆形色块进行现式。

在完成上述基本功能前提下，可以进一步进行功能扩展。

代码：#include"stdafx.h"#include"MFCApplication5.h"#include"MFCApplication5Dlg.h"#include"afxdialogex.h"#ifdef_DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#endifclass CAboutDlg : public CDialogEx{public:CAboutDlg();#ifdef AFX_DESIGN_TIMEenum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX };#endifprotected:virtual voidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()};CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() :CDialogEx(IDD_ABOUTBOX){}voidCAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialogEx) END_MESSAGE_MAP() CMFCApplication5Dlg::CMFCApplication5Dlg( CWnd* pParent:CDialogEx(IDD_MFCAPPLICATION5_DIALOG, pParent), m_red(0), m_yellow(0), m_blue(0){m_hIcon =AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);}voidCMFCApplication5Dlg::DoDataExchange(CData Exchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SCROLLBAR3,m_scr1);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SCROLLBAR1,m_scr2);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SCROLLBAR2,m_scr3);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_red);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT2, m_yellow);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT3, m_blue);}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMFCApplication5Dlg, CDialogEx)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_WM_VSCROLL()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON1,&CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButton1) ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON2,&CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButton2) END_MESSAGE_MAP()BOOL CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnInitDialog() {CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);CMenu* pSysMenu =GetSystemMenu(FALSE);if (pSysMenu != NULL){BOOL bNameValid;CString strAboutMenu;bNameValid =strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(bNameValid);if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty()){pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);}}SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);m_scr1.SetScrollRange(0, 255);m_scr1.SetScrollPos(0);m_scr2.SetScrollRange(0, 255);m_scr2.SetScrollPos(0);m_scr3.SetScrollRange(0, 255);m_scr3.SetScrollPos(0);return TRUE; /}voidCMFCApplication5Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam){if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX){CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();}else{CDialogEx::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);}}void CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnPaint(){if (IsIconic()){CPaintDC dc(this);SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);int cxIcon =GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon =GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;// 绘制图标dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);}else{CDialogEx::OnPaint();}}HCURSORCMFCApplication5Dlg::OnQueryDragIcon() {return static_cast<HCURSOR>(m_hIcon); }int x1, x2, x3;void CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnVScroll(UINT nSBCode, UINT nPos, CScrollBar* pScrollBar) {int iNowPos;if (pScrollBar == &m_scr1){switch (nSBCode){case SB_THUMBTRACK:m_scr1.SetScrollPos(nPos);x1 = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();case SB_LINEDOWN:iNowPos = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 1;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr1.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x1 = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_LINEUP:iNowPos = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 1;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr1.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x1 = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEDOWN:iNowPos =m_scr1.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 3;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr1.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x1 = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEUP:iNowPos = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 3;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr1.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x1 = m_scr1.GetScrollPos();break;}}else if (pScrollBar == &m_scr2){switch (nSBCode){case SB_THUMBTRACK:m_scr2.SetScrollPos(nPos);x2 = m_scr2.GetScrollPos();case SB_LINEDOWN:iNowPos =m_scr2.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 1;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr2.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x2 = m_scr2.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_LINEUP:iNowPos =m_scr2.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 1;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr2.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x2 = m_scr2.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEDOWN:iNowPos =m_scr2.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 3;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr2.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x2 = m_scr2.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEUP:iNowPos =m_scr1.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 3;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr2.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x2 = m_scr2.GetScrollPos();break;}}else if (pScrollBar == &m_scr3){switch (nSBCode){case SB_THUMBTRACK:m_scr3.SetScrollPos(nPos);x3 = m_scr3.GetScrollPos();case SB_LINEDOWN:iNowPos =m_scr3.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 1;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr3.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x3 = m_scr3.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_LINEUP:iNowPos =m_scr3.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 1;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr3.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x3 = m_scr3.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEDOWN:iNowPos =m_scr3.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos + 3;if (iNowPos > 255)iNowPos = 255;m_scr3.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x3 = m_scr3.GetScrollPos();break;case SB_PAGEUP:iNowPos =m_scr3.GetScrollPos();iNowPos = iNowPos - 3;if (iNowPos < 0)iNowPos = 0;m_scr3.SetScrollPos(iNowPos);x3 = m_scr3.GetScrollPos();break;}}CDialogEx::OnVScroll(nSBCode, nPos, pScrollBar);}voidCMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButton1() {// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码CClientDC hDC(this);CPen *penold, pennew;CBrush*brushold, brushnew, brushback;CRect rectclient;GetClientRect(&rectclient);CRect rectdraw(rectclient.right - 170, 10, rectclient.right - 10, 170);brushback.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(x1, x2, x3));brushold =hDC.SelectObject(&brushback);penold = hDC.SelectObject(&pennew);hDC.SelectObject(&brushnew);hDC.Ellipse(rectdraw);hDC.SelectObject(penold);hDC.SelectObject(brushold);}voidCMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButton2() {// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码UpdateData(TRUE);CClientDC hDC(this);CPen *penold, pennew;CBrush*brushold, brushnew, brushback;CRect rectclient;GetClientRect(&rectclient);CRect rectdraw(rectclient.right - 170, 10, rectclient.right - 10, 170);brushback.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(m_red, m_yellow, m_blue));brushold =hDC.SelectObject(&brushback);penold = hDC.SelectObject(&pennew);hDC.SelectObject(&brushnew);hDC.Ellipse(rectdraw);hDC.SelectObject(penold);hDC.SelectObject(brushold);UpdateData(FALSE);}运行结果：3.完成教材第255页习题9-17。