本溪牛毛岭石炭纪本溪组地层剖面简介(谷风优文)

本溪牛毛岭石炭纪本溪组地层剖面简介
牛毛岭剖面是我国华北地区晚石炭世本溪组的标准地层剖面，在我国晚古生代区域地层对比及古生物研究中占有重要地位。

剖面位于本溪市西北新洞沟与蚂蚁村沟之间的牛毛岭,近东西走向，地层连续，化石丰富，发育5层石灰岩层，总厚约168.7m。

本溪组的研究已有一百余年历史。

最早的研究可追溯至德国学者李希霍芬（F .Richthofen）1869年在本溪煤系地层中采集化石，经欣克（A.Schenk，1882）研究，提出时代为晚石炭世。

1925-1926年，地质学家赵亚曾首次对牛毛岭剖面进行研究，正式创名“本溪系”，时代认为属“中石炭世”。

此后，李四光（1927）、乐森璕（1927）、尹赞勋（1932）、盛金章（1951）、王钰（1952）等院士以及张文堂（1955）教授等均对本溪系的古生物与地层进行过较详细的研究；安太庠（1983）、丁惠（1991）、刘发（1987）、武世忠（1992）、米家榕（1990，2001）等也对本溪组做过不同程度的研究工作。

2005年起，本溪市国土资源局委托有关专家对本剖面进行了新一轮研究，王成源等首次在本剖面本溪组上部发现晚石炭世莫斯科阶的标准牙形刺化石Idiognathodus podolskensis（泊道尔斯克异颚刺）及Neognathodus inaequalis（不等新颚齿刺）等；在和珊瑚等化石研究中也有新进展。

研究认为，本溪组上部的时代为晚石炭世莫斯科期（距今约3.14亿年），本溪组下部可能包括早石炭世晚期的层位。

整个本溪组可能为早石炭世晚期至晚石炭世早期（距今约3.25—3.1亿年）。

牛毛岭剖面记录了距今3亿多年前本溪地区的地质历史和生物演化史，是人们了解本溪地区和我国北方地球海陆变迁和生物演化的“窗口”。

本溪市国土资源局
2007年7月
Stratigraphical Section of Carboniferous Benxi Formation
in Niumaoling of Benxi,Liaoning
The stratigraphical section in Niumaoling is the standard section of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in North China Platform, located at the Niumaoling between the Xindonggou and Mayicungou in Benxi of Liaoning. The section of the Benxi Formation is continuous in straigraphical sequence and fossiliferous, about 168.7 m thick with five beds of limestone, which is much significant for study of paleontology and regional stratigraphic correlation of the Upper Paleozoic in China.
There is over 100 year history for the studies on the Benxi Formation in this section since German scientist F. Richthofen in 1869 who collected fossils from the Benxi Formation, identified by A. Schenk as Late Carboniferous in age in 1882. During 1925-1926, Prof. Zhao Yazeng, a
famous Chinese geologist, studied the section firstly, and named “Benxi Series” for this formation and suggested the age as the Middle Carboniferous. After that, Professors Li S.G.(1927), Yue S.X.(1927), Yin Z.X.(1932), Sheng J.Z.(1951), Wang Y.(1952), Zhang W.T.(1955), An T.X.(1983), Ding H.(1991), Liu F.(1987), Wu S.Z.(1992), Mi J.R.(1990,2001), etc. have studied also the Benxi Formation in this section.
Since 2005, the Bureau of Resources Benxi City has organized a review and re-study of this section. Prof. Wang C.Y. et al. found the conodond index fossils of the Moscovian Stage of Upper Carboniferous, e.g. Idiognathodus podolskensis, Neognathodus inaequalis, etc in the upper part of this formation, which made a new progress in the study of the Benxi Formation; and consider. the upper Benxi Formation is Moscovian of Upper Carboniferous (314 Ma) and the lower part of the formation probably as the upper Lower Carboniferous.
The Niumaoling section, as a window, has recorded and shown the history of geological and biological evolution in Benxi area of the North China for over 300 million years.
标牌修改：
36 泥岩及页岩 mudstone and shale
35 灰岩 limestone
34 粉砂岩、泥岩及煤层 siltstone、mudstone and coal seams
33 灰岩 limestone
32 长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
31 灰岩 limestone
30 泥岩及粉砂岩 mudstone and siltstone
29 粉砂岩 siltstone
28 泥岩 mudstone
27 灰岩 limestone
26 泥岩夹页岩 mudstone intercalated shale
25 灰岩 limestone
24 粉砂岩、泥岩夹页岩 siltstone、mudstone intercalated shale
23 长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
22 页岩及泥岩 shale and mudstone
21 长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
20 页岩 shale
19 砂岩夹粉砂岩 sandstone intercalated siltstone
18 粘土岩 clay
17 砂岩夹粉砂岩 felsic sandstone intercalated siltstone
16 页岩、泥岩夹细砂岩 shale、mudstone intercalated fine-sandstone 15 粘土岩(F层) clay（No.F）
14长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
13 粉砂岩 siltstone
12 细砂岩 fine-sandstone
11 杂砂岩 graywacke
10 长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
9 砂岩与粉砂岩 sandstone and siltstone
8 粘土岩(G层) clay (No.G)
7 长石石英砂岩 felsic sandstone
6 粉砂岩、页岩 siltstone and shale
5 粘土岩及页岩 clay and shale
4 粉砂岩、粘土岩及页岩 siltstone、clay and shale
3 紫色粉砂岩 purple siltstone
2 杂色粉砂岩（古风化壳） variegated siltstone
平行不整合 unconformity
1 灰岩 limestone。