jack welch
Jack London杰克伦敦简介
Influence
London had always explored the true meaning of his life. His exploration spirit and his faith of never yielding to any pressure have been praised by many people
storyvividlyshowspersistencekeywords作家冒险生活死亡之谜二1904年报道日俄戓争乊后在旧金山报纸上发表黄祸一文1908年和1910年分别写了两部所谓小说中国佬和空前绝后的入侵以及其他涉及中国海外移民题材的白不眼泪等多篇作品
Jack London
Presented BY Jasmine
London was part of the radical literary group “The Crowd” in San Francisco and a passionate advocate of unionization(工会), socialism, and the rights of workers. He wrote several powerful works dealing with these topics.
我宁愿是燃烧过后的灰烬也不愿为地上的灰尘! 我宁愿让点点星火猛烈燃烧殆尽也不愿任其干腐. 我宁愿做一闪而过的流星,让每一点碎片都擦出火光,也不愿做死寂的恒星. 人的职责是生活,而不是存在. 我不会浪费时间试图延长寿命. 但,我会用尽生命中的每一秒.
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HR数据分析--员工绩效指标
HR数据分析--员工绩效指标员工绩效指标是跟踪员工绩效的关键,正确地实施它们是棘手的。
但是,如果做得正确,员工绩效指标将使组织和员工都受益。
我们在下面列出了最重要的指标,并提供了每个指标的一些实际示例。
员工绩效指标多种多样。
我们可以将它们分为四个主要类别。
工作质量指标工作量指标工作效率指标组织绩效指标工作质量–员工绩效指标工作质量指标说明了员工绩效的质量。
最著名的指标是直接经理的主观评估。
1、目标管理构造经理主观评估的一种方法是使用目标管理。
目标管理是一种管理模型,旨在通过将组织目标转化为特定的个人目标来提高组织的绩效。
这些目标通常采用员工和经理设定的目标形式。
员工致力于实现这些目标,并向经理报告他们的进度。
这些目标甚至可以给予一定的权重(许多点)。
成功完成这些目标后,积分将奖励给员工。
反过来,管理人员能够使目标更加明确,并使绩效评估更加由数据驱动。
2、经理的主观评估在大多数公司中,每年两次(年度)绩效评估中都会对绩效进行评估。
对员工的评估有几个标准,其工作质量是最常见的。
这种方案的一种改进就是所谓的9格网格。
9格的网格基于3×3的表格,在表格中评估了员工的绩效和潜力。
绩效高但潜力低的员工非常适合他们目前的职能。
右上角的员工,既在绩效和潜力上都得分很高,通常被指定为迅速晋升组织级别,因为他们可以在阶梯上增加更多的价值。
由9宫格组成的网格是评估员工当前和未来价值的简便方法,并且是继任管理的有用工具。
3、产品缺陷客观地衡量(生产)质量是很棘手的。
更传统的制造业经常看到的一种方法是计算产品缺陷的数量。
缺陷或生产不正确的产品表示工作质量低下,应保持尽可能低的水平。
尽管生产流程的标准化程度提高了该指标几乎没有用,但衡量员工绩效的方法也可以应用于其他领域。
4、工作错误数量输入错误数量可以替代前面提到的产品缺陷。
书面工作中的更正次数或软件代码中的错误数也是如此。
特别是在计算机编程中,单个错误可能会使整个程序停止工作。
各沟通风格类型的分析
我们就来逐一分析一下各种迥然不同的“动物”吧!老虎(支配型Dominance):“老虎”一般企图心强烈,喜欢冒险,个性积极,竞争力强,凡事喜欢掌控全局发号施令,不喜欢维持现状,但行动力强,目标一经确立便会全力以赴。
它的缺点是在决策上较易流于专断,不易妥协,故较容易与人发生争执摩擦。
如果下属中有“老虎”要给予他更多的责任,他会觉得自己有价值,布置工作时注意结果导向,如果上司是老虎则要在他面前展示自信果断的一面,同时避免在公众场合与他唱反调。
中外名人中毛泽东、朱镕基以及前英国首相撒切尔夫人为较典型的老虎型,德国为老虎型人数最多的国家。
个性特点:有自信,够权威,决断力高,竞争性强,胸怀大志,喜欢评估。
企图心强烈,喜欢冒险,个性积极,竞争力强,有对抗性。
优点:善于控制局面并能果断地作出决定的能力;用这一类型工作方式的人成就非凡。
缺点:当感到压力时,这类人就会太重视迅速的完成工作,就容易忽视细节,他们可能不顾自己和别人的情感。
由于他们要求过高,加之好胜的天性,有时会成为工作狂。
老虎型工作风格的主要行为:交谈时进行直接的目光接触;有目的性且能迅速行动;说话快速且具有说服力;运用直截了当的实际性语言;办公室挂有日历、计划要点。
老虎泰格,具备高支配型特质,竞争力强、好胜心盛、积极自信,是个有决断力的组织者。
他胸怀大志、勇于冒险、分析敏锐,主动积极且具极为强烈的企图心,只要认定目标就勇往直前,不畏反抗与攻击,誓要取得目标的家伙。
老虎型领导人都倾向以权威作风来进行决策,当其部属者除要高度服从外,也要有冒险犯难的勇气,为其杀敌闯关。
老虎型族人最适合开创性与改革性的工作,在开拓市场的时代或需要执行改革的环境中,最容易有出色的表现。
宏碁集团的施振荣和前美国GE总裁韦尔奇(Jack Welch)等,都是老虎型领导人。
孔雀(表达型Extroversion):“孔雀”热情洋溢,好交朋友,口才流畅,重视形象,擅于人际关系的建立,富同情心,最适合人际导向的工作。
案例:台湾经营之神王永庆
台塑集团是台湾最大的工业集团,
地设有6家海外分公司。
﹁ 经 营 之 神 ﹂ 王 永 庆
王永庆生平
全球华人富豪中,被誉为‚经营之神‛的台湾塑胶集团董事 长王永庆是一位凭个人奋斗走向商业成功的典型代表。从一个贫 苦的农家子弟到拥有数百亿资产的巨富,王永庆的创业历程充满
了传奇色彩。
2008年,王永庆病逝美国,享寿九十二岁,各界惋惜。他终 其一生强调‚追根究底、实事求是‛态度经营企业,由年产量仅4
人看好的项目,成立了‚台湾塑胶工业股份有限公司‛。
几十年后的今天,王永庆所拥有的台塑集团已是台湾最 大的民营制造企业,旗下有30多家分公司和海外公司,在整
个石化行业占有举足轻重的地位。王永庆也因此被人们尊称
为‚塑胶大王‛。
人 格 魅 力
毅力惊人、严于律己
王永庆毅力惊人。脚踏实地,律己甚严,对自
我要求很高。他本着‚心到、力到、功夫到,无所 不成‛的信念,认准了目标就锲而不舍全力以赴地 去实践和探索。 ‚贫寒的家境,以及在恶劣条件下的创业经验, 亦不足忧,成功的关键完全在于一己的努力‛,王
人 格 魅 力
性格自我、固执已见
事例:对环保的态度转变 对于全力追求价廉物美的王永庆来说,在保证质量的基础上,降低成本是第一 位的,环保投入可免则免。早在70年代,就已经有人关注到台塑关系企业的工业 污染问题。接踵而来的严峻事实却一次又一次地告诉生财有道的塑胶大王:对待污 染问题不能再含糊其辞了,只求降低成本不讲环保的观念亟待更新! 1985年2月,台化厂由于维护废气回收设备的人为疏忽,导致硫化氢气体外泄,
创 业 史
第一桶金
王永庆先到茶园当杂工,后来在亲友的介绍下,又到嘉义一间 米店当学徒。他暗暗下定决心:自己开一间米店,自己当老板。 第二年,他用借来的200元钱做本金,在嘉义开了一家小米店。 在新开张的那段日子里,王永庆的米店冷冷清清。怎样才能 吸引更多的顾客到自己的米店来呢?经过实地考察和认真思考, 王永庆决定在改善服务态度上下功夫。硬件比不过人家,便在软 件上胜人一筹:①卖净米;②送货上门;③销售记录。 在王永庆的苦心经营下,米店生意终于红火起来,从最初的 一天卖不到12斗米,逐渐发展到后来的一天就可卖出100多斗。 在小有积蓄后,王永庆又办了一家碾米厂。当时台湾是日占 区,日本人经营的米厂,技术、设备和待遇都要比中国人的米厂 优越。在王永庆的米厂隔壁,就有一家由日商福岛正夫经营的碾 米厂,他暗下决心,要通过加倍的辛勤劳动,打败福岛正夫。 几年下来,王永庆终于把福岛正夫的米厂远远地甩在了后面。 但此时,抗战爆发。台湾作为资源供应地,粮食买卖受到限制。 王永庆遭受了经商以来的第一次沉重打击。
工业RJ45接头与集成磁性应用指南说明书
APPLICATIONS• All industrial applications requiring Ethernet• All industrial equipment with RJ45 connectivity• Industry Computers• Hubs• Routers• Wireless access pointsELECTRICAL• 10 / 100 Base-T Ethernet, 1 Gbps• Dielectric Withstanding Voltage: 2250 V DCMECHANICAL• -40…+85 °C; min. 750 mating cyclesMATERIALS• Plating thickness 0,76 µm [30 µinch] gold over1,27 µm [50 µinch] nickel• UL 94 V-0• 260 °C reflow capable• High grade LCP (liquid crystal polymer material)STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS• IEC 60603-7-51 for 1 Gbps• IEC 60603-7-5 for 10 / 100 Mbps• Product Specification 108-94552• Application Specification 114-94447PRODUCT COMPLIANCE• UL recognized• RoHS compliantIndustrial RJ45 jacks with integrated magnetics offer a highlyintegrated connectivity solution-from the cable to the physicallayer-for Industrial Ethernet. Integrating the magnetics into thejack allows for a much improved EMI noise shielding, enablingmore reliable connections. A standardized portfolio with 1x1straight and R / A, 1x2, 2x1 form factors addresses many ofthe industrial applications, which allows customers to find thesolution they are looking for. Specific industrial requirementssuch as high reliability through improved corrosion resistance,extended temperature range and long product lifetime areall addressed, including support of the latest reflow solderingproduction processes.KEY FEATURES• Extended temperature. range -40…+85 °C• Minimum product life requirement of 10 years• 260 °C reflow Pin in Paste Soldering• Plating thickness 0,76 µm [30 µinch] gold over1,27 µm [50 µinch] nickel• Improved EMI integrity and signal integrity performance• Both current and voltage mode PHY-chips supportedBENEFITS• The standardized RJ45 jack portfolio with integratedmagnetics with 1x1 straight and R / A, 1x2, 2x1 form factorsaddresses many of the industrial applications• Integrated magnetics reduces the (analog) design effortsrequired by the customer• Thicker gold plating (30 µinch over 50 µinch nickel) improvescorrosion resistance reducing equipment electrical problemsover lifetime• TE’s products (260 °C reflow capable) fit industrialassembly / solder processes without the need for an extraassembly / solder step• Extended temperature range addresses industrial equipmentrequirements where standard temperature (0…70 °C) rangeis too limited• Offering standardized T ape & Reel or Tray packing for fullyautomated or manual assembly process• PLC’s• Switches• All Ethernet enabled equipmentDescription Speed Ports Orientation Tab LEDs Packaging VoltageModeCurrentMode TE PNRJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up No T&R No Yes2301994-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up Yes T&R No Yes2301994-2 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up No T&R No Yes2301994-3 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 10 / 1001 x 1R / A Down No T&R No Yes2301994-4 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 INV.1G1 x 1R / A Up No T&R Yes Yes2301994-5 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down No T&R Yes Yes2301994-6 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down No T&R No Yes2301994-7 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up Yes T&R No Yes2301994-8 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 10 / 1001 x 1R / A Down Yes T&R No Yes2301994-9 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down Yes T&R Yes Yes1-2301994-0 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 INV. low1G1 x 1R / A Up Yes T&R Yes Yes1-2301994-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down Yes T&R No Yes1-2301994-2RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. Gb 1x1 VERT. 1G1 x 1Vertical–No T&R Yes Yes2301995-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 VERT.10 / 1001 x 1Vertical–No T&R No Yes2301995-2 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 VERT.10 / 1001 x 1Vertical–Yes T&R No Yes2301995-3 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 VERT.1G1 x 1Vertical–Yes T&R Yes Yes2301995-4RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x2 INV.10 / 1001 x 2R / A Up No T&R No Yes2301996-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x2 10 / 1001 x 2R / A Down No T&R No Yes2301996-2 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x2 INV.1G1 x 2R / A Up No T&R Yes Yes2301996-3 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x2 1G1 x 2R / A Down No T&R Yes Yes2301996-4 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x2 INV.10 / 1001 x 2R / A Up Yes T&R No Yes2301996-5 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x2 10 / 1001 x 2R / A Down Yes T&R No Yes2301996-6 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x2 INV.1G1 x 2R / A Up Yes T&R Yes Yes2301996-7 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x2 1G1 x 2R / A Down Yes T&R Yes Yes2301996-8RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up No Tray No Yes5-2301994-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up No Tray No Yes5-2301994-2 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up No Tray No Yes5-2301994-3 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x110 / 1001 x 1R / A Down No Tray No Yes5-2301994-4 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 INV.1G1 x 1R / A Up No Tray Yes Yes5-2301994-5 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down No Tray Yes Yes5-2301994-6 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down No Tray No Yes5-2301994-7 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 INV.10 / 1001 x 1R / A Up Yes Tray No Yes5-2301994-8 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 10 / 1001 x 1R / A Down Yes Tray No Yes5-2301994-9 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down Yes Tray Yes Yes6-2301994-0 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 INV. - low1G1 x 1R / A Up Yes Tray Yes Yes6-2301994-1 RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 1G1 x 1R / A Down Yes Tray No Yes6-2301994-2TE ConnectivityAutomation & Control Pfnorstr. 1D-64293 Darmstadt Germany+49 6151 607 1999 LEGAL ENTITY/rj45magneticsTE Connectivity, TE Connectivity (logo) and Every Connection Counts are trademarks. All other logos, productsand/or company names referred to herein might be trademarks of their respective owners.The information given herein, including drawings, illustrations and schematics which are intended for illustration purposes only, is believed to be reliable. However, TE Connectivity makes no warranties as to its accuracy or completeness and disclaims any liability in connection with its use. TE Connectivity‘s obligations shall only be as set forth in TE Connectivity‘s Standard T erms and Conditions of Sale for this product and in no case will TE Connectivity be liable for any incidental, indirect or consequential damages arising out of the sale, resale, use or misuse of the product. Users of TE Connectivity products should make their own evaluation to determine the suitability of each such product for the specific application.© 2017 TE Connectivity Ltd. family of companies All Rights Reserved.1-1773921-5 06/2017 Original: WRPRODUCT SHEETFor additional features or requests, please reach out to your TE sales representative or our customer care specialists.DescriptionSpeedPortsOrientationTabLEDsPackagingVoltage Mode Current ModeTE PNRJ45 JACK INT.MAG. Gb 1x1 VERT.1G 1 x 1Vertical –No Tray Yes Yes 5-2301995-1RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x1 VERT.10 / 1001 x 1Vertical –No Tray No Yes 5-2301995-2RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x1 VERT.10 / 1001 x 1Vertical –Yes Tray No Yes 5-2301995-3RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x1 VERT.1G1 x 1Vertical–YesTrayYesYes5-2301995-4RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x2 INV .10 / 1001 x 2R / A Up No Tray No Yes 5-2301996-1RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 1x2 10 / 1001 x 2R / A Down No Tray No Yes 5-2301996-2RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x2 INV .1G 1 x 2R / A Up No Tray Yes Yes 5-2301996-3RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 1x21G 1 x 2R / A Down No Tray Yes Yes 5-2301996-4RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x2 INV .10 / 1001 x 2R / A Up Yes Tray No Yes 5-2301996-5RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 1x2 10 / 1001 x 2R / A Down Yes Tray No Yes 5-2301996-6RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x2 INV .1G 1 x 2R / A Up Yes Tray Yes Yes 5-2301996-7RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 1x21G1 x 2R / ADownYesTrayYesYes5-2301996-8RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 2x110 / 1002 x 1R / A Down No Tray No Yes 2301997-2RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb 2x11G 2 x 1R / A Down No Tray Yes Yes 2301997-4RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 10/100 LED 2x110 / 1002 x 1R / A Down Yes Tray No Yes 2301997-5RJ45 JACK INT.MAG. 1Gb LED 2x11G2 x 1R / ADownYesTrayYesYes2301997-7。
杰克.韦尔奇名言50句(JackWelchfamous50sentences)
杰克.韦尔奇名言50句(Jack Welch famous 50 sentences)Jack Welch famous 50 sentencesA brilliant management and leadership guru who served as president of the General Company, GE achieved brilliant results, especially with a return on investment higher than Buffett and Gates's.!Concentrate on the absolute intransigence of a war against bureaucracy.To respect the ability of people, and let people do not have the ability to go.For senior talents, as long as they think it is worthwhile to pay, never stingy.Always use the top-notch business talent and dig for it at any cost.In addition, there is no shackles of mind, completely breaking grade, portal, see beifen.Only participate in the industry's most promising areas, stripped of the lack of innovation in the space sector.Any industry, only the eyes of the leading leader.A cyclical industry that is not involved in performance, often outside of environmental changes, and beyond its control.Only realistic business prospects, never in accordance with their expectations, the forecast of the so-called vision of the problem.Instilling a sense of community values and community consciousness, and striving to implement geographical and human rights in the globalization strategy.Set up extreme addictions to adequate preparation and realistic analysis of a large number of charts.Let the best people feel their worth in the main battlefield and the front line of the company.The opportunity comes, strives for.Substitutions are unambiguous, and the use of people does not frown.Discover and form a talent pool in the middle of your career.Eliminate those who have no passion.Set goals that you can jump up to.Act before change.Directly link staff learning with promotion.Instill one's own culture, including confidence, to everyone in the company.Establish an internal school.Discussion and research can take place for hours on end, but you must fight to get close to the real answer.Shoot all the formalism of officialese.Always prepare a comprehensive analysis of possible actions by competitors.Digital makes the company more flexible.Let everyone, every brain, take part in company affairs.The inside and outside cultural differences, and ask yourself and other people in the implementation of internal culture so as always.The less management, the better the company.Communicate with employees, eliminate the role of police in management, and don't try to catch subordinates' little braids.Within the company, ideas, stimuli, and energy must flow continuously and spread at light speed.Bureaucracy often goes hand in hand with formalism.Looking for people with team motivation.Cut off from the controlling, conservative, and tyrannical managers.Don't spend too much effort trying to change people who don't meet the company's culture and requirements, fire them directly, and then look for them again.The best care staff care, give them support and reward, bonus and power.Don't organize the company's operations with orders.Live in close harmony with the wisest of the subordinates.Attitude is everything.Give the greatest support and resources to the best talent.The company's business strategy is one of the best in the middle of each department, so the pricing power in the competition will be great, and the risk of the combination of the company can be dispersed.Productivity can either be improved by downsizing or by merging, and must be self pressurized.Old organizations are built on control, and new organizations must add free ingredients.There is no limit to the exchange of ideas between different divisions.From monitors, inspectors, out of care and approver to "provide convenience", "proponent" and "business operation partner".Value the company's unified values through the value guide memo card.Consistency, simplification, repetition, persistence, is that simple.Good ideas come from all sides. Ideas should be communicated anytime, anywhere.Let employees discover and see the meaning of their work and its implementation mechanism.One or two penalties, failure, and then dismissal;Celebrate every progress, though it may still be far from the overall goal.Encourage and even force everyone to put forward his own opinions.terry gou1, not to read literature, will lose the calm and mind the taste of life;2, without the study of history, there will be no dealer strategy;3. Ignorance of trends and processes will not know where you are;4, without practice, is always an armchair strategist;5, without positioning, will not be able to break through the encirclement and get ahead;6, without purpose, will be unhappy all day long;7, without thinking, language will not kill;8, no quality of contacts, will be a drag on the burden;9, no clear summary, will not be able to gain and loss;10, without good habits, will be unable to enter the cause of the state;11, there is no movement decompression, emotions will play fast and loose efficiency will decline, thinking, will rest on its laurels;12, there is no accumulation, the opportunity will not be yours;13, without records, everything will blur the lake;14, there is no system, can not become expert authority.15, the information age does not lie in the possession ofinformation, but in the depth analysis and utilization of information.16, as a businessman, Longmen to jump to drill hole;17, China businessman never bold but cautious, lack of courage, lack of thinking bold decisions before science, cautious, system;18, a promising businessman should be a pragmatic idealist. Retreat and pragmatic are equally important, the retreat is a dream, is planning a great career from a great dream.Bill Gates1., society is full of unfair phenomena. You don't want to change it first, you can only adapt to it. Because you can't manage it.The 2. world will not care about your self-esteem, people will see only your achievements. Don't overemphasize self-esteem until you have achieved anything.(because the more you emphasize self-esteem, the more it's against you.).3. you just graduated from high school and you don't usually become a CEO until you get your CEO position.People don't mind. You just graduated from high school.4., when you get into trouble, don't complain, you can only learn from it silently.(you must rise up quietly and rise again).5., you need to know that your parents are not as boring as they are now without you". You should think of this as a great price to pay for bringing up you. You must always be grateful and show filial obedience to them.6., in school, you test is not so important, but entering society is not. No matter where you go, you should rank.(social, company rankings are common. It takes courage to compete.).7., there are holidays in the school, the company does not work, you can hardly rest, rarely relaxed holidays.(or you run behind in your career, or even leave you behind forever).8. in school, the teacher will help you study, but the company will not. If you think the school teacher is very strict with you, then you have not worked in the company yet. Because if the company isn't tough on you, you're going to lose your job.(you must be soberly aware that companies are more demanding than school.).9. people like to watch TV, but you don't watch it, it's notyour life. As long as you work in a company, you don't have time to watch TV shows.(advise you not to watch, or you will go on the road to watch TV series and enjoy it, then you will lose your qualifications for success).10., never criticize others behind your back. Especially, you can't criticize your boss for being ignorant, mean and incompetent.Because of this state of mind,Will make you go on a bumpy and difficult road to growth.6 principles of decision making. They go straight to the sources of information, make the argument more violent, overcome the fear of adventure, keep the vision in mind every day, listen attentively, and make everything transparent. It is these principles that guide leaders from different departments and industries to go through the ups and downs.。
Jack Welch 杰克韦尔奇
In 1889, Drexel, Morgan & Co., a company founded by J.P. Morgan and Anthony J. Drexel, financed Edison’s research and helped merge those companies under one corporation to form Edison General Electric Company which was incorporated in New York on April 24, 1889. The new company also acquired Sprague Electric Railway & Motor Company in the same year. At about the same time, Charles Coffin, leading Thomson-Houston Electric Company, acquired a number of competitors and gained access to their key patents.
Jack's early life and education
Jack Welch was born in Peabody, Massachusetts to John, a Boston & Maine Railroad conductor, and Grace, a homemaker. Jack is Irish American. His paternal and maternal grandparents were Irish. Welch attended Salem High School and then University of Massachusetts Amherst, graduating in 1957 with a Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering. He is a member of the Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity.He received a MS and PhD at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1960.
Jack Welch Leading Organizational Change at GE
Company Logo
当在2001年,通用电 年 当在 气(GE)董事长兼首席执 ) 行官杰克·韦尔奇退休后 韦尔奇退休后, 行官杰克 韦尔奇退休后, 他可以回顾一个非常成功 的职业生涯。 的职业生涯。 1981年, 年 他45岁,成为首席执行官 岁 当时, 有一个非常官 。当时,GE有一个非常官 僚准则的,复杂的组织结 僚准则的, 构。 他的第一个变化之一是 启动战略指导方针, 启动战略指导方针,每个 企业应该在各自领域内争 做第1或2。如果情况并非 做第 或 。 如此, 如此,经理们解决了这个 问题的选项可以是, 问题的选项可以是,出售 其特定的业务, 其特定的业务,或关闭它 。
Jack Welch was personally involved in developing managers at GE's training center in Crotonville. Leaders, Welch suggested, are not only those who achieve result but also those who share the values of the company .Managers who shared the company values but did not achieve results got another opportunity to improve performance, while managers who achieved results but did not share the values received coaching aimed at changing their value orientation. There was little hope for managers who did not achieve results nor shared the company's values.
VISCOSE PRODUCTION PROCESS
专利名称:VISCOSE PRODUCTION PROCESS发明人:WIZANI, WOLFGANG,KROTSCHECK,ANDREAS,SCHUSTER, JOHANN,LACKNER,KARL申请号:EP94900624.1申请日:19931202公开号:EP0672207B1公开日:19961106专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要:A process is disclosed for producing viscose from lignocelluloses such as those of deciduous trees, coniferous trees or annual plants. The lignocellulose is first processed in a digester with saturated steam to cause the preliminary hydrolisis of hemicelluloses, and is then processed without relaxation with hot black liquor (HSL) from a previous sulfate-cellulose digestion, if required with the admixture of fresh white liquor (WL) to neutralise the resulting acid reaction products, so that a neutralisation liquor (NL) is formed in the digester. After the required amount of alkali for delignification is added as fresh white liquor (WL), if required accompanied by the expulsion of neutralisation liquor (NL) and temperature regulation, digestion is carried out, with or without a temperature gradient. When the desired degree of disaggregation is reached, digestion is stopped by expulsing the hot black liquor (HSL) with cold alkaline washing filtrate (WF), so that the cellulose is at the same time freed from still adhering lignin decomposition products, and the thus obtained cellulose is discharged from the digester at a temperature below 100 °C.申请人:VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GMBH,VOEST ALPINE INDANLAGEN,VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GMBH,LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT,CHEMIEFASER LENZING AG,LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT 地址:AT,AT国籍:AT,AT代理机构:Weinzinger, Arnulf, Dipl.-Ing.更多信息请下载全文后查看。
Jack Welch杰克韦尔奇英文版 优质课件
No.11~No.13
Jack Welch
Jack Welch, the former CEO and chairman of GE, was born on November 19, 1935 in Salem, Massachusetts. In 1960,he joined GE .In April1981, Jack Welch became the youngest chairman and CEO of GE.
Boundaryless(无边界行动)
If the direction of the stragy is right, and it also has a certain development space, the strategy does not need to often change.
"5 slides" examination(五张幻灯片检测法)
Growth experience
His great mother
Business restructuring management restructuring
1935
1957 1960
1971 1979 1981
2001 2004
NOW
Restructure GE
数一数二法则
所有企业都必须在 其产品市场上名列 第一或第二,不能 达到这个标准的企 业,将被整顿、关 闭或出售
Change management Crisis management “4E”and “ 1P” project
Six Sigma quality project 六西格玛质量计划
Measure where the error is.
[2023春期版}国开电大本科《管理英语4》形考任务(单元自测6)题库
[2023春期版]国开电大本科《管理英语4》形考任务单元自测6题库特别提醒:1.测试中共有6道随机题(40道单选题,3道完形填空题)。
2.学员抽到的每套试卷均为随机组合;但抽到试卷中的所有试题均在下列题库中可以找到原题及答案!!第一大题:选择题(随机抽其中5道)―Can I have three days off next week,Mr.Smith?―__________.I can manage without you.A.I’m afraid notB.Of courseC.It depends[答案]B正确答案解释:解析:本题考查情景对话。
句意为:我下周能请三天假吗,史密斯先生?当然可以(of course)。
你不来我也应付得了。
根据下文I can manage without you可知,Mr.Smith同意对方请假,所以答案应该是B。
―Don’t worry,Mum.The doctor said it was only a common cold.―_______________A.What a reliefB.How surprisingC.I’m so sorry[答案]A正确答案解释:解析:本题考核情景交际。
句意为:妈妈,别担心。
医生说这只是普通感冒。
可以松一口气了,我要告诉爸爸没什么严重的。
A项意为“可以松一口气了”,符合语境,所以答案是A。
―If you don’t believe in yourself,no one else will.―_________.Confidence is really important.A.That’s not the pointB.I don’t think soC.I couldn’t agree more[答案]C正确答案解释:解析:本题考查情景对话。
该题的大意是:如果你自己都不相信自己,别人更不会相信你了。
完全赞成(I couldn’t agree more).自信真的很重要。
上海杰克嘉文机械设备有限公司介绍企业发展分析报告
Enterprise Development专业品质权威Analysis Report企业发展分析报告上海杰克嘉文机械设备有限公司免责声明:本报告通过对该企业公开数据进行分析生成,并不完全代表我方对该企业的意见,如有错误请及时联系;本报告出于对企业发展研究目的产生,仅供参考,在任何情况下,使用本报告所引起的一切后果,我方不承担任何责任:本报告不得用于一切商业用途,如需引用或合作,请与我方联系:上海杰克嘉文机械设备有限公司1企业发展分析结果1.1 企业发展指数得分企业发展指数得分上海杰克嘉文机械设备有限公司综合得分说明:企业发展指数根据企业规模、企业创新、企业风险、企业活力四个维度对企业发展情况进行评价。
该企业的综合评价得分需要您得到该公司授权后,我们将协助您分析给出。
1.2 企业画像类别内容行业通用设备制造业-其他通用设备制造业资质空产品服务械设备销售;货物进出口;技术进出口;电子1.3 发展历程2工商2.1工商信息2.2工商变更2.3股东结构2.4主要人员2.5分支机构2.6对外投资2.7企业年报2.8股权出质2.9动产抵押2.10司法协助2.11清算2.12注销3投融资3.1融资历史3.2投资事件3.3核心团队3.4企业业务4企业信用4.1企业信用4.2行政许可-工商局4.3行政处罚-信用中国4.4行政处罚-工商局4.5税务评级4.6税务处罚4.7经营异常4.8经营异常-工商局4.9采购不良行为4.10产品抽查4.11产品抽查-工商局4.12欠税公告4.13环保处罚4.14被执行人5司法文书5.1法律诉讼(当事人)5.2法律诉讼(相关人)5.3开庭公告5.4被执行人5.5法院公告5.6破产暂无破产数据6企业资质6.1资质许可6.2人员资质6.3产品许可6.4特殊许可7知识产权7.1商标7.2专利7.3软件著作权7.4作品著作权7.5网站备案7.6应用APP7.7微信公众号8招标中标8.1政府招标8.2政府中标8.3央企招标8.4央企中标9标准9.1国家标准9.2行业标准9.3团体标准9.4地方标准10成果奖励10.1国家奖励10.2省部奖励10.3社会奖励10.4科技成果11土地11.1大块土地出让11.2出让公告11.3土地抵押11.4地块公示11.5大企业购地11.6土地出租11.7土地结果11.8土地转让12基金12.1国家自然基金12.2国家自然基金成果12.3国家社科基金13招聘13.1招聘信息感谢阅读:感谢您耐心地阅读这份企业调查分析报告。
国开期末考试《管理英语4》机考满分试题(第2套)
国开期末考试《管理英语4》机考满分试题(第2套)(试卷代号:0863,整套相同,祝同学们取得优异成绩!)一、交际用语(共5题,共10分)1、 Reading is the best way to pass time on the train。
(B),I never go traveling without a book。
A、You are jokingB、That’s trueC、It sounds like fun2、How did your meeting go yesterday?(A)actually,it was really frustrating。
A、Not so goodB、Very goodC、Nothing special3、Jack,I’d like to have your opinions about my written report。
But I have one suggestion(A)。
A、It looks fine to meB、You are too modestC、That’s a good idea4、 Terribly sorry to interrupt,but may I use your dictionary?Yes,(A)。
A、of courseB、it doesn’t matterC、no hurry5、 This project is too big for me to finish on time。
(C)。
A、Please do me afavorB、You may ask for helpC、I’ll give you a hand二、词汇与结构(共15题,共30分)1、The Human Resource Managing Department at Honda is given specific instructions (C) employ the best possible workers。
韦尔奇式管理(JackWelch'sManagement)
韦尔奇式管理(JackWelch'sManagement)1 什么是韦尔奇式管理?2 韦尔奇式管理的具体内容3 韦尔奇式绩效考核方法和非韦尔奇绩效考核方法[1]4 相关条目5 参考文献什么是韦尔奇式管理?“奇式”管理是由通用电气公司前CEO韦尔奇提出的一套管理方法,可用一个简单的英文单词“力量”FORCE来代表。
FORCE是“Flexible”、“Organizational”、“Result-Odentated”、“Communication”和“Education”五个单词的首写字母。
其中:F代表弹性(Flexible);O代表重条理(Organizational);R指的是以“结果”挂帅(Result—Odentated);C是沟通(Communication);E代表教育(Education)。
[编辑]韦尔奇式管理的具体内容在“奇式”管理中,弹性来源于韦尔奇的弹性思考能力。
作为他管理模式的基础。
在一般人心目中,韦尔奇属于“铁血宰相”型的经理人,通常一意孤行,不大会改变主意。
而事实上,韦尔奇的经营理念常常会因主观环境的改变而改变。
“奇式”管理的理性得益于韦尔奇本的工程出身背景,这使得他在管理工作上也习惯一年该做的大事安排得极有条理。
结果导向使韦尔奇重视“底线”和结果,他公开宣称凡是不能在市场上维持前两名的业务,都会面临被卖或被裁撤的命运;沟通是韦尔奇最成功的地方,韦尔奇在通用建立了“无边界”的沟通理念。
公司上下,包括韦尔奇的司机和秘书,以及工厂的工人都叫他“杰克”,韦尔奇最擅长的就是提起笔来写便条和亲自打电话;教育是韦尔奇管理模式的最后一点,韦尔奇十分重视对员工的教育与培训,投入巨资建立“克劳顿村”专门培养通用的管理人才。
[编辑]韦尔奇式绩效考核方法和非韦尔奇绩效考核方法[1]一、韦尔奇式绩效考核方法GE(通用电器公司)以几乎令人不可想象的速度持续成长了几十年,创造了企业发展史上的奇迹。
全世界的企,家都在探索GE成功的秘密,学习GE前CEO杰克·韦尔奇更是中国企业界的时尚。
根本就没有所谓的“质量问题”
根本就没有所谓的“质量问题”导读“质”与“量”的争斗质量成为一个问题,实际上是因为我们把质量和数量作了一个分离,是因为我们把它变成一个和交付、成本相对立的东西。
我们放大了它的对立的一面,是因为我们有了一支专门负责质量的队伍,是因为我们在表面上总是发现大家往往在质量上放手博弈。
那么这一切就使得我们往往把许多的事情都当成了质量的问题。
而面对质量的问题,大家又往往自觉不自觉地把它变成了一种是否有责任、知荣辱、讲道德的分野。
从而使大家不敢去面对它,只有躲着它。
有这么一家大型造船企业:那些老员工们在长期的“质”与“量”的争斗中逐渐学会了如何推卸责任、如何“打游击”。
比如说,本来按照流程规定,他们应该把活儿做好之后,叫检查人员过来检查,通过检查人员的检查,然后再把船东的代表叫过来;有些时候,检查人员是要把船东的代表人员一起叫过来检查验收的。
但是,这些员工实际上并没有做完自己的工作,一旦查到他们,却忙着推卸责任,说自己早就做完了。
上面追究下来,他们会得意洋洋地说:“我们早就做完了,只是都过了两天了,那些检查人员还没有把船东叫过来。
所以嘛,问题不在我们这里,是检查人员的效率太低、水平太差了!”诸君不妨思考一下,为什么面对“质量问题”每个员工都本能地学会了做三件事:第一,推卸责任;第二,开始指责我们的质量人员;第三,再一次推卸责任。
经过思考后,你会发现,当我们的数量和质量产生矛盾的时候,带来的就是把一切都以数量的理由和“科学”的借口推到质量的问题上。
有趣的是,我们恰恰有一支负责解决“质量问题”的质量队伍。
于是,这个问题就变得更加的复杂、更加扑朔迷离。
那么,到底有没有“质量问题”呢?你们想想,假如说面对组织里天天存在的所谓的“质量问题”,存在着所谓的质量博弈或者战争的话,要想把这个问题解决掉,把“质”与“量”的战争结束掉,我们可能要做的很重要的一件事,就是要认真的去理解和思考质量问题的本源到底是什么。
也许,只有用釜底抽薪的方式才有可能解决这个问题。
CRAFTSMAN 2-1 4 吋汽车扶手操作手册说明书
Operators Manual••••PartsFLOOR JACKModel 950524 - 2-1/4 Ton CapacitySears, Roebuck and Co., Hoffman Estates, IL 60179Visit our Craftsman website: /craftsmanPrinted in ChinaBEFORE using this product, read this manual and follow all its Safety and Operating instructions. Failure to do so may result in personal injury and/or property damage.Warranty.....P. 2Save these instructions.....P. 2Safety instructions.....P. 3Assembly instructions.....P. 4Operation.....P. 4 & P. 5Maintenance.....P. 6Troubleshooting.....P. 7Parts.....P. 7Service.....Back coverCRAFTSMAN ONE YEAR FULL WARRANTYIf this Craftsman product fails due to a defect in material or workmanship within one year from the date of purchase, return it to any Sears store or other Craftsman outlet in the United States for free replacement.This warranty applies for only 90 days from the date of purchase if this product is ever used for commercial or rental purposes.This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.Sears, Roebuck and Co., Hoffman Estates, IL 60179For your safety, read, understand, and follow the information provided with and on this jack.•The owner and operator of this equipment shall have an understanding of this jack and safe operating procedures before attempting to use. The owner and operator shall be aware that use and repair of this product may require special skills and knowledge. Instructions and safety information shall be conveyed in the operators native language before use of this product is authorized. If any doubt exists as to the safe and proper use of this jack, remove from service immediately.•Inspect before each use. Do not use if broken, bent, cracked, or damaged parts (including labels) are noted. Any jack that appears damaged in any way, operates abnormally or is missing parts, shall be removed from service immediately.•If the jack has been or suspected to have been subjected to a shock load (a load dropped suddenly, unexpectedly upon it), immediately discontinue use until jack has been checked by a Sears or other qualified service center. It is recommended that an annual inspection be done by qualified personnel.• Labels and Operators Manual are available from Sears (see PARTS section on page 7).! SAFETY MESSAGE !Be sure all tools and personnel are clear before lowering load. No alterations shall be made to this device. Only attachments a n d /o r a d a p t e r s s u p p l i e d b y t h e manufacturer shall be used. Lift only on areas of the vehicle as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.NOTE: Jack stands are rated per pair unless otherwise noted.Use 1 matched pair per vehicle only.OPERATIONKNOW YOUR JACKCompare Fig. 2 illustration with your jack BEFORE operation to become familiar with the location of various jack components.SPECIFICATIONSRated Capacity: 2-1/4 Ton/4500 Lbs Jack Dimensions: 21” x 8-1/2” x 5-1/2”Lifting Range:5-1/2” ~ 15” (Approx.)(140mm - 381mm)Oil Capacity: 90 cc ± 5 ccNet Weight: 27.1 lbs. (Approx.)BEFORE USE•Read the operator's manual completely and familiarize yourself thoroughly with the product, its components and recognize the hazards associated with its use.•Occasionally during shipment and/or handling air can get trapped in the system,which can interfere with the jacks lifting performance.•It is recommended to cycle the jack a few times without applying load:•Engage release valve with notched end of jack handle. Close release valve by turning the jack handle clockwise until tight.•Insert jack handle into handle sleeve.Pump the handle until the jack saddle reaches its maximum height.•Engage release valve with notched end of jack handle. Open release valve by turning jack handle counterclockwise, but no more than 1/2 full turn. Allow the saddle to reach its lowest position.•Repeat the above procedure a few times.•To release air from the hydraulic system:•Engage release valve with notched end of jack handle. Open the release valve b y t u r n i n g t h e j a c k h a n d l e counterclockwise, but never by more than 1/2 full turn.•Remove the oil filler plug from the cylinder.(see Fig. 3)•Insert jack handle into handle sleeve.Rapidly pump jack handle through several full strokes.•Reinstall the oil filler plug into the cylinder again and jack is now ready to use.FIG. 2oil filler plug (not shown,on reservoir)TO ASSEMBLE THE CARRY HANDLE ONTO THE JACKSnap the carry handle onto the nuts of jack’s middle axle. (see Fig. 1)OPERATING PRINCIPLES•With release valve closed, an upward stroke of the jack handle draws oil from the reservoir tank into the plunger cavity. Hydraulic pressure holds a valve closed, which keeps the oil in the plunger cavity.• A downward stroke of the jack handle releases oil into the cylinder, which forces the ram out. This raises the saddle. (NOTE: T o avoid damage to the cylinder if the load exceeds the rated capacity of the jack, oil is automatically released back into the reservoir through the safety overload valve.)•When the ram reaches maximum extension, oil is bypassed back into the reservoir to prevent an over-extended ram stroke and possible damage to the jack.•Opening the release valve allows oil to flow back into the reservoir. This releases hydraulic pressure on the ram, which results in lowering the saddle.HOW TO USE YOUR JACK RAISING THE JACK•With notched end of the jack handlle (see Fig. 2) close release valve by turning the handle clockwise.•Chock the vehicle’s wheel with appropriate devices to ensure lifting stability.•Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s owners manual to locate approved lifting points on the vehicle. Position jack so that the saddle is centered under the load at an appropriate lift point.•Insert jack handle into handle sleeve. Pump jack handle until saddle almost contacts the vehicle. Check to see that the saddle is centered and will contact the load lifting point firmly.•Continue to pump the jack handle to lift the vehicle to the desired height. After lifting, support the load with appropriately rated jack stands BEFORE working on theRated capacity of jack stands is per, it is NOT the sum of individual capacities unless specifically noted to the contrary by the jack stand manufacturer.Do Not exceed rated capacity. Ensure that the vehicle support points are fully captured between the outer lugs of both jack stands.Use a matched pair of jack stands per vehicle to support 1 end only. Use 1 pair per vehicle only. Failure to do so may result in sudden loss of load, which may cause personal injury and/or property damage.area when lowering load.•Raise load high enough to clear the jack stands, then carefully remove jack stands (always used in pairs).•With notched end of jack handle, SLOWLY open the release valve by turning the handle counterclockwise, but never more than 1/2 full turn. If the load fails to lower:e another jack to raise the vehiclehigh enough to reinstall jack stands.b.Remove the affected jack and then thestands.ing the other jack, lower the load byturning the operating handle counter-clockwise, but no more than 1/2 full turn.•After removing jack from under the load, push saddle down to reduce ram exposure to rust and contamination.MAINTAINING OIL LEVELImportant: When adding or replacing oil,ALWAYS use a good grade Hydraulic Jack oil. We recommend M obil DTE13M or equivalent. DO NOT use Hydraulic Brake Fluid, Alcohol, Glycerine, Detergent, Motor Oil or dirty oil. Use of an improper fluid can cause serious internal damage to your jack.ADDING OIL•Position the jack on level ground and fully lower the saddle. (Ram will be all the way in). Remove oil filler plug located under cover plate (see Fig. 3).•Oil should be filled to the level of about 3/16” above the inner cylinder as seen from the oil filler hole. If low, add oil as needed.•Re-install oil filler plug and cover plate. The jack is now ready to use.LUBRICATION•Add lubricating oil to all moving parts as needed.PREVENTING RUST•Check ram and pump plunger (see Fig. 3)every few months for any signs of rust or corrosion. Clean as needed by wiping with an oily cloth.FIG. 3•When not in use, ALWAYS store jack with saddle lowered all the way down.ANNUAL INSPECTIONTo ensure that it is in optimum condition,annual inspection of the jack at a Sears Service Center is recommended.REPLACING OIL•T o drain oil, remove cover plate and oil filler plug and open release valve. Turn jack over and drain old oil out through the oil filler hole and into a suitable container.Note: Dispose of hydraulic oil in accordance with local regulations.•Refill with new oil through the oil filler hole.DO NOT allow dirt or foreign material to enter the hydraulic system when filling.•After refilling, remove any air from the hydraulic system by opening the release valve and rapidly pumping the jack handle several times.•Re-install oil filler plug and cover plate and the jack is ready to use.Ram all the way inPlunger DownRelease ValveOil Filler PlugProper Oil LevelPROBLEM-SOLVING HINTSMODEL NUMBER: 50524The Model Number and Serial Number are found on the lifting arm and handle sleeve respectively. Always mention the Model Number and Serial Number when requesting service or repair parts for your jack.INDIVIDUAL PARTS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FOR REPLACEMENT ASSEMBLIESSymptom Possible CausesCorrective ActionJack does not lift load Jack bleeds off (starts to lower) after lift Jack does not lower afterunloadingPoor lift performance•Release valve not tightly closed•Overloaded - too much weight on jack • Release valve not tightly closed • Hydraulic unit malfunction •Oil reservoir overfilled •Linkages binding •Ensure release valve is tightly closed •Reduce weight on jack•Ensure release valve is tightly closed •Replace power unit assembly •Drain fluid to proper level•Clean and lubricate moving parts •Ensure proper fluid level•With ram fully retracted, open release valve, pump handle several times to expel trapped air Does not lift to fullextension•Fluid level low•Fluid level low•Air trapped in system•Ensure proper fluid levelKey Description 1Saddle2Power Unit Assembly 3Handle Assembly 4Front Wheel Assembly 5Rear Castor Assembly 6Cover Plate 7Oil Filler Plug —Operators Manual ––Warning LabelFIG. 41234567For after sale support and assistance:Call 1-888-332-6419, 8:00 AM - 4:45 PM CST., Monday - Friday© Sears Brands, LLC® Registered Trademark / TM Trademark / SM Service Mark of Sears Brands, LLC® Marca Registrada / TM Marca de Fábrica / SM Marca de Servicio de Sears Brands, LLCMCMarque de commerce / MD Marque déposée de Sears Brands, LLCwww.sears.ca。
想解决问题,请画张九宫格
想解决问题,请画张九宫格想解决问题,请画张九宫格想要过⾃⼰想要的⼈⽣,但能抛弃对家的责任吗?留在安定的⼯作好,还是冒险去追求梦想?⼈⽣的欲求太多,我到底要先追求哪⼀个?「九宫格」思考法是⼀项好⽤的⼯具,从思考路径中,全⽅位挖掘整理内⼼思绪,发现⾃⼰⼼中的渴望,画出⼈⽣的新蓝图。
情境故事:奇异⼈才九宫格 找出A级员⼯奇异(GE)集团资深顾问艾佛.戴维斯(Ivor K. Davis)曾是奇异克鲁顿维尔(Crotonville)学院领导⼒发展学程总监。
克鲁顿维尔学院正是奇异训练接班⼈的秘密基地,已经替全球⼤型企业培养过170多位执⾏长(CEO),也是所有奇异⼈梦想进⼊的殿堂,更被誉为美国企业界的哈佛。
戴维斯指出,奇异能成为各⼤公司CEO的培训基地,成功关键在于「⼈才鉴别」。
鉴别⼈才不是简单的事情,但是奇异的⽅式已经很成熟。
奇异由⼈⼒资源部与主管⼀同将内部员⼯分成三级,前20%为A级,这些员⼯表现优秀且具有⾼潜⼒;C级员⼯是最后10%,这些员⼯绩效与潜⼒表现不彰,必须剔除;其余70%则被归类在B级。
奇异每个员⼯都有张评量表,根据绩效跟潜⼒两个⾯向各三个级别,做⼀个「九宫格」的定位。
事实上,奇异集团早已以「九宫格」⽤在企业经营决策的各个⾯向。
奇异集团前董事长威尔许(Jack Welch)在改造奇异初期,坚持奇异如果⽆法在某个产业稳坐前2名,公司便要退出该市场。
因⽽与麦肯锡顾问共同发展出「经营分析矩阵」(GE McKinsey Matrix),横轴为竞争优势(Competitive Strength),纵轴为市场吸引⼒(Market Attractiveness),⽽在横轴与纵轴量表上,均分成⾼(High)、中(Medium)与低(Low)三区,成为⼀个切割成9等分的图形,⽤来盘点各个策略事业单位的竞争⼒,在这9个⼩区⾥,也可填⼊相对应的产品或因应对策。
若应⽤在⼈才评量上,则可把员⼯的能⼒或潜⼒,与他的绩效表现做为X、Y轴,找出有能⼒⼜表现出⾊(能⼒潜⼒⾼×绩效表现⾼)的⼈才,成为企业各部门接班⼈。
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9-394-065April 12,1994 Jack Welch: General Electric’sRevolutionary杰克·韦尔奇:通用电气公司的革命**Translated in full with permission of Harvard Business School by Dick Zhao of CEIBS, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. Sole responsibility for the accuracy of this translation rests with the translator.This translation, Copyright © 2001 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.The original case entitled “Jack Welch: General Electric’s Revolutionary” (9-394-065), Copyright ©1993 by President and Fellows of Harvard College, was prepared by Professor Joseph L.Bower as the basis of classroom discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation.经哈佛商学院许可,由中华人民共和国上海中欧国际工商学院赵楠全文翻译。
此译文的准确性由译者负责。
此译文的版权2001归President and Fellows of Harvard College所有。
原文题为“Jack Welch: General Electric’s Revolutionary” (9-394-065), 版权1994归President and Fellows of Harvard College所有。
此案例由Joseph L.Bower教授撰写,其目的是作为课堂讨论的基础,而不是说明对Jack Welch: General Electric’s Revolutionary杰克·韦尔奇:通用电气公司的革命1993年,杰克·韦尔奇领导下的通用电气公司所取得的成就在作为价值最终决定者的股票市场似乎得到较高的评价,这或许会令杰克·韦尔奇感到满意。
自1982年翻了7翻后,价格/收益比率已经攀升至16-这显然表明股票市场对韦尔奇在通用电气公司进行的变革大加赞赏。
在标准普尔500家指数一度上扬326%期间,通用电气公司的股票市值增长了498%。
(见表1。
)如果通用电气公司还不如韦尔奇所希望的那样“精干而灵活”,那它肯定要远比韦尔奇从“管理传奇人物”雷吉·琼斯手上接管时的公司灵活强大得多。
事实上,在通用电气公司进入它第12个年头由韦尔奇开始领导后,公司再次成为表明应该如何管理大型公司的典范而受到广泛研究。
总的来说,韦尔奇似乎成功地完成了不可能完成的事。
他使世界上规模最大、最复杂的公司之一的通用电气成为一家增长型公司。
起初,这一成就仅仅是受到了怀疑。
但到了1993年,韦尔奇所取得的世界瞩目的管理成就大受称道。
在一致公认韦尔奇完成了不可能完成的事,改造了巨人般的通用电气公司后,每个醉心于管理研究的人都希望了解究竟是韦尔奇性格方面的侥幸因素还是一些可概括的普遍适用的原则导致他取得所有这一切成就。
杰克·韦尔奇是否领导发明了管理复杂组织的新方法?通用电气公司作为发明者通用电气公司建立之初主要利用托马斯·爱迪生的专利,不久就发展了一系列业务,致力于发电、电力的配送和使用。
其业务领域在当时非常广泛。
后来,在发电机、变压器、电线、电缆、照明和家用电器等基本业务的基础上又增加了诸如飞机发动机、工程塑料、原子能和计算机等业务。
通用电气公司的规模和复杂程度在其领导人看来一直是个挑战。
20世纪30年代,公司加强了财务人员以帮助控制组织的多样性。
后来到了50年代,公司首席执行官拉尔夫·科迪纳引进了利润中心和小组人员的做法以便促进适合多样性的企业文化的发展。
作为战后部门化趋势的设定者,通用电气公司分化成100多个企业。
而这些企业一旦规模壮大就再次分化成无数更小的企业。
科迪纳用于管理多样性的组织安排成为角色模型而得到广泛的效仿。
60年代,弗雷德·博尔奇依靠其计划人员和一流的咨询公司发展了PIMS和组合投资战略计划以便为解决由于资源分散而引起的利润停滞问题提供大量的分析。
通用电气公司的革新再次成为全球所有公司广泛效仿的对象。
博尔奇的咨询人员认为基于预期的投资报酬率进行资源配置会导致资源浪费,因为即使企业并不景气,进行增值投资却几乎总是具有吸引力的。
但还没有具体的系统检查各个企业。
咨询人员建议通用电气公司应该彻底重组成他们所说的战略经营单位(SBUs)。
战略经营单位的特点在于其拥有一套独特的综合战略计划,而且单位经理具有控制企业成功所有关键性要素的能力。
因此,哪儿存在电灶、电冰箱和洗碟机的利润中心,哪儿就仅仅拥有一个家用电器战略经营单位。
琼斯的“遗产”当雷吉·琼斯于1972年就任通用电气公司主席和首席执行官时,公司包括10大集团企业,有46个分部和190个部门。
在重组后成为43个战略经营单位以便更好地进行计划和投资。
琼斯要求每一战略经营单位聘用一名战略计划人。
到70年代中期,公司有些管理人员认为尽管战略经营单位的计划有利于加强公司的竞争地位和提高利润,但同时会导致公司的分裂和力量削弱。
通用电气公司似乎正向成为一家控股公司的方向发展。
在琼斯看来,公司对战略经营单位的计划的审核也存在工作量过大的问题。
他解释道:自从1972年开始实行战略经营单位计划以来,我和公司副主席们试图详尽地审核每一项计划。
这一努力花费的时间无可计数,给公司经理办公室带来了巨大的负担。
在过了一段时间后,我开始意识到不管我们如何努力地去做,我们对40多个战略经营单位的计划的了解都无法达到必要的深度。
不管怎么说,审核的工作必须由更多的人员来承担。
11977年,琼斯宣布使用代表宏观意义上的企业或行业区域的“分区”组织结构作为新的管理结构。
琼斯的意图是分散审核工作量,并增加公司管理层的价值含量。
在六大分区结构在公司植根后,琼斯总结道,“这一分区方法……超出了我的期望。
我现在只需审核6本计划报告,从而对其能够充分地了解以提出适当的问题。
”2《财富》杂志因其取得的成就冠之以“管理传奇人物”。
琼斯进行这一组织变革还有其个人原因。
他认为考虑其继任人的时候到了,而分区经理职位将有助于发现竞争首席执行官的候选人。
此外,这一职位还有助于他通过分派管理人员管理陌生的企业来拓宽他们的能力范围。
例如,杰克·韦尔奇在成功地将工程塑料部门建成一个了不起的高科技企业后被调任主管家用电器的分区经理一职。
并从这一职位被选为首席执行官。
70年代,哈佛商学院的一位教授曾数次邀请韦尔奇讲学,他后来写道:“韦尔奇年轻的时候精力极为充沛,回答难题显得坦诚直率,而且具有显而易见的领导素质,这令我的学生们着了迷。
我告诉学生们韦尔奇参加了通用电气公司首席执行官这一职位的竞争。
韦尔奇每来访一次,事后我都询问学生们是否认为他会战胜其他六位候选人而成为通用电气公司的下一任首席执行官。
尽管学生们对其他六位候选人的情况一无所知,但他们每次都认为韦尔奇与通用电气公司老套的首席执行官角色格格不入。
这一职位将有可能由更传统的人士出任。
韦1“通用电气公司:战略地位,1981”(HBS案例第381-174号),Francis J. Aguilar和Richard G. Hamermesh 教授著。
1981年。
尔奇从不循规蹈矩,对于这一点他并不向我的学生们隐瞒,而学生们也正喜欢他这一点。
但对于他这种标新立异的人,落选是很自然的。
我虽然也并不了解其他候选人的情况,但我和学生们持同样的看法,所以1980年12月通用电气公司宣布韦尔奇当选首席执行官的消息令我感到十分吃惊。
对于这一结果我表示赞同的是,不管怎么说通用电气公司的管理人员和董事们能够挑选出一位比其他候选人更有可能做出艰难变革的新一任首席执行官。
选择首席执行官的核心问题在于是延续传统还是进行变革之间的矛盾。
这一次,通用电气公司最终能够从公司内部挑选出一位“离经叛道者”担当首席执行官。
3韦尔奇的背景情况4据韦尔奇自己说,他的价值观和信仰在其幼年既已形成:我是家里唯一的孩子。
我出生时父母都已年近四旬。
他们盼孩子盼了16年。
父亲是列车长,人品很好,工作勤奋,顺服和气……〖我母亲〗总是认为我能成大器。
是她培养了我,教我如何生活。
她让我养成独立自主的习惯。
她总是认为要把握自己的命运。
要面对现实,不要矫揉造作。
每当我偏离了正道,她就会提醒我。
她的建议总是积极而富于建设性,总是令人为之振奋。
我很崇拜她。
5韦尔奇的一位中学同学在描述他时说:“他为人很好,虽然平平常常,但竞争意识极强,不屈不挠,好争辩。
”他的一位大学同学说:“他好胜心强,这从他的眼神中看得出来。
他遇事总是能考虑到下一步。
”另一位同学说:“他不喜欢失败-即便打橄榄球亦是如此。
”还有一位同学说:“杰克并非生来就风度优雅,办事敏捷,他是依靠加倍努力去击败对手。
”许多人都记得韦尔奇的一句口头禅:“我们还是朋友,对吗?”6多年后,一位同事称韦尔奇的管理模式源于他打冰球的那些年。
他说:“冰球比赛就是这样,比赛时对方把你撞到护板上,赛后又和你一起出去喝一杯。
”韦尔奇经常使用“建设性冲突法”,迫使经理们为自己的观点辩护,即使可能会争得面红耳赤。
“杰克会不停地追问你,提出反对意见,与你争辩。
”一位经理这样说,“然后你据理力争,直到他同意。
当然,一旦他表示同意,你就会尽你所能去做成这件事。
”据另外一位经理讲,“即使你争赢了,你也不知道是否说服了他。
或许他起初就同意你的看法,只是让你显示一下你的本领而已。
”韦尔奇是伊利诺斯大学第一位仅花三年时间就获得博士学位的工程师。
他1960年大学毕业后就进入了通用电气公司设在马萨诸塞州皮茨菲尔德的塑料部门。
1968年,年仅32岁的韦尔奇成为通用电气公司最年轻的部门经理。
由于无人真正了解该部门的工作,再加上对该部门也没有寄予过高的期望,因此韦尔奇有高度的自主权。
当然,肩负的任务也很重。
以底特律的汽车制造商为突破口,3Richard F. Vancil,《移交权杖》(波士顿:哈佛商学院出版社),1987年。