高炉炼铁专业英语

4 冶金过程物理化学
4.1 冶金过程热力学
冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgical processes 统计热力学statistical thermodynamics
不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 化学热力学chemical thernodynamics
表面热力学surface thermodynamics
合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys
冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy 系system
单元系single-componentsystem
多元系multicomponent system
均相系统homogeneous system
广度性质extensive property
强度性质intensive property
过程process
等温过程isothermal process
等压过程isobaric process
等容过程isochoric process
绝热过程adiabatic process
可逆过程reversible process
不可逆过程irreversible process
自发过程spontaneous process
自理过程physical process
化学过程chemical process
冶金过程metallurgical process
化学反应chemical reaction
化合反应combination reaction
分解反应decomposition reaction
置换反应displacement reaction
可逆反应reversible reaction
不可逆反应irreversible reaction
电化学反应electrochemical reaction
多相反应multiphase reaction
固态反应solid state reaction
气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction
渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction
平衡equilibrium
化学平衡chemical equilibrium
相平衡phase equilibrium
热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium
亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium
热力学函数thermodynamic function
偏摩尔量partial molar quantity
总摩尔量integral molar quantity
标准态standard state
焓enthalpy
生成焓enthalpy of formation
反应焓enthalpy of reaction
熵entropy
吉布斯能Gibbs energy
生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation 反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction
溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution
吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function
化学位chemical potential
热化学thermochemistry
热效应heat effect
热容heat capacity
熔化热heat of fusion
汽化热heat of vaporization
升华热heat of sublimation
相变热heat of phase transformation
放热反应exothermic reaction
吸热反应endothermic reaction
赫斯定律Hess’s law
相律phase rule
相图phase diagram
一元相图single-component phase diagram 二元相图binary-component phase diagram 三元相图ternary-component phase diagram 液相线liquidus
固相线solidus
共晶点eutectic point
杠杆规则lever rule
溶液solution
溶质solute
溶剂solvent
固溶体solid solution
溶液浓度concentration of solution
摩尔分数mole fraction
冶金熔体metallurgical melt
金属熔体metal melt
(炉)渣,熔渣slag
熔盐molten salt, fused salt
理想溶液ideal solution
真实溶液real solution
正规溶液regular solution
活度activity
活度系数activity coefficient
拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law
亨利定律Henry’s law
纯物质标准态pure substance standard
质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standard
无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinityly dilute solution
相互作用系数interaction coefficient
化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm
吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation
质量作用定律law of mass action
平衡常数equilibrium constant
平衡值equilibrium value
直接还原direct reduction
间接还原indirect reduction
金属热还原metallothermic reduction
选择性氧化selective oxidation
渣碱度basicity of slag
光学破度optical basicity
酸性氧化物acid oxide
碱性氧化物basicoxide
两性氧化物amphoteric
泡沫渣foaming slag
熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag
熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag
脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium
脱氧常数deoxidation constant
熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag
气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous state
硫分配比sulfur partition ratio
硫化物容量sulfide capacity
氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium
真空脱碳vacuum decarburization
去气degassing
去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion
非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion 脱硅desiliconization
脱锰demanganization
分配平衡distribution law
化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD)
4.2 冶金过程动力学微观动力学microkinetics
化学动力学chemical kinetics
反应途径reaction path
反应机理reaction mechanism
基元反应elementary reaction
平行反应parallel
链反应chain reaction
总反应overall reaction
反应速率reaction rate
反应速率常数reaction rate constant
反应级数reaction order
零级反应zero order reaction
一级反应first order reaction
二级反应second order reaction
n级反应nth order reaction
碰撞理论collision theory
活化能activation energy
表现活化能apparent activation energy
阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation
半衰期half-life
宏观动力学macrokinetics
冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical process
传输现象transport phenomena
传质mass transfer
传热heat transfer
动量传输momentum transfer
层流laminar flow
湍流turbulent flow
气泡gas bubble
鼓泡bubbling
射流jet
液滴liquid droplet
粘度viscosity
边界层boundary layer
流率flow rate
通量flux
扩散diffusion
菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion
菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion
扩散系数diffusion coefficient
传质系数mass transfer coefficient
热传导heat conduction
热对流heat convection
自然对流natural convection
强制对流forced convection
热辐射heat radiation
导热率thermal conductivity
传热系数heat transfer coefficient
体内浓度bulk concentration
未反应核模型unreacted core model
扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction
化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction
混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction
相似原理priciple of similarity
雷诺数Reynolds number
固定床fiexed bed
填充床packed bed
移动床moving bed
流态化床fluidized bed
混合时间mixing time
停留时间residence time, retention time
催化catalysis
催化剂catalyst
表面能surface energy
表面张力surface tension
界面能interfacial energy
界面张力interfacial tension
润湿wetting
表面活性物质surface-active substance
吸收absorption
吸附absorption
4.3 冶金电化学
冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry
熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts
固态离子学solid state ionics
电解质溶液electrolyte solution
阳离子cation
阴离子anion
电导conductance
电导率conductivity
电阻resistance
电极electrode
阴极cathode
阳极anode
电镀electroplating
固体电解质solid electrolyte
稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia
氧传感器oxygen sensor
硅传感器silicon sensor
定氧测头oxygen probe
定硅测头silicon probe
4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法
冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in metallurgical physical chemistry
热电偶thermocouple
量热计calorimeter
热太平thermobalance
热分析thermal analysis
差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA
热重法thermogravimetry
分子筛molecular sieve
5 钢铁冶金
5.1 炼焦
炼焦coking
高温炭化high temperature carbonization
塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation
中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation
选煤coal preparation, coal washing
配煤coal blending
配煤试验coal blending test
炼焦煤coking coal
气煤gas coal
肥煤fat coal
瘦煤lean coal
焦炉coke oven
焦化室oven chamber
焦饼coke cake
结焦时间coking time
周转时间cycle time
装煤coal charging
捣固装煤stamp charging
推焦coke pushing
焦炭熄火coke quenching
干法熄焦dry quenching of coke
焦台coke wharf
装煤车larry car
推焦机pushing machine
拦焦机coke guide
熄焦车quenching car
焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven
焦炭coke
冶金焦metallurgical coke
铸造焦foundry coke
焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke
焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke
焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke
焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke
焦炭热强度hot strength of coke
焦炭反应性coke reactivity
焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke 焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke
焦炉煤气coke oven gas
发热值calorific value
煤焦油coal tar
粗苯crude benzol
苯benzene
甲苯toluene
二甲苯xylene
苯并呋喃-茚树脂coumarone-indene resin
精萘refined naphthalene
精蒽refined anthracene
煤[焦油]沥青coal tar pitch
沥青焦pitch coke
针状焦needle coke
型焦formcoke
5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials
耐火粘土fireclay
高岭土kaolin
硬质粘土flint clay
轻质粘土soft clay
陶土pot clay
蒙脱石montmorillonite
叶蜡石pyrophyllite
膨润土bentonite
鳞石英tridymite
方石英cristobalite
砂岩sandstone
耐火石firestone
莫来石mullite
氧化铝alumina
烧结氧化铝sintered alumina
电熔氧化铝fused alumina
刚玉corundum
红柱石andalusite
蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite
硅线石sillimanite
橄榄石olivine
方镁石periclase
镁砂magnesia
合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia
电熔镁砂fused magnesia
烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker
合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker
尖晶石spinel
镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite 硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth
蛭石vermiculite
珍珠岩perlite
碳化硅silicon carbide
氮化硅silicon nitride
氮化硼boron nitride
粘土熟料chamotte
熟料grog
轻烧light burning,soft burning
死烧dead burning,hard burning
成型模注shaping moulding
机压成型mechanical pressing
等静压成型isostatic pressing
摩擦压砖机friction press
液压压砖机hydraulic press
捣打成型ramming process
熔铸成型fusion cast process
砖坯强度green strength,dry strength
隧道窑tunnel kiln
回转窑rotary kiln
倒焰窑down draught kiln
耐火砖refractory brick
标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick
泡砂石quartzite sandstone
酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]
硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]
硅砖silica brick,dinas brick
熔融石英制品fused quartz product
硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory
半硅砖semisilica brick
粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick
石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick
高铝砖high alumina brick
硅线石砖sillimanite brick
莫来石砖mullite brick
刚玉砖corundum brick
铝铬砖alumina chrome brick
熔铸砖fused cast brick
碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]
镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]
镁砖magnesia brick
镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick
镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick
镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick
中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]
复合砖composite brick
铝炭砖alumina carbon brick
铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick
锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick
镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick
长水口long nozzle
浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle 定径水口metering nozzle
氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖Al2O3-SiC-C brick
透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick
滑动水口slide gate nozzle
水口砖nozzle brick
塞头砖stopper
绝热耐火材料insulating refractory
轻质耐火材料light weight refractory
袖砖sleeve brick
格子砖checker brick,chequer brick
陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber
耐火纤维refractory fiber
耐火浇注料refractory castable
耐火混凝土refractory concrete
荷重耐火性refractoriness under load
抗渣性slagging resistance
耐磨损性abrasion resistance
5.3 碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料carbon materials
无定形碳amorphous carbon
金刚石diamond
炭相[学]carbon micrography
炭黑carbon black
石油沥青petroleum pitch
石油焦炭petroleum coke
石墨化graphitization
石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization 石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite
炭砖carbon brick
炭块carbon block
碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block
炭电极carbon electrode
连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode
石墨电极graphite electrode
超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode
石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple
石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug
电极糊electrode paste
石墨坩埚graphite crucible
石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor
炭刷carbon brush
高纯石墨high purity graphite
5.4 铁合金
铁合金ferroalloy
硅铁ferrosilicon
硅钙calcium silicon
金属硅silicon metal
锰铁ferromangnanese
低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese
硅锰silicomanganese
金属锰manganese metal
铬铁ferrochromium
低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium
微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium
硅铬silicochromium
金属铬chromium metal
钨铁ferrotunsten
钼铁ferromolybdenum
钛铁ferrotitanium
硼铁ferroboron
铌铁ferroniobium
磷铁ferrophosphorus
镍铁ferronickel
锆铁ferrozirconium
硅锆silicozirconium
稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon
稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium
成核剂nucleater
孕育剂incubater,inoculant
球化剂nodulizer
蠕化剂vermiculizer
中间铁合金master alloy
复合铁合金complex ferroalloy
电碳热法electro-carbothermic process
电硅热法electro-silicothermic process
铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process
电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process
开弧炉open arc furnace
埋弧炉submerged arc furnace
半封闭炉semiclosed furnace
封闭炉closed furnace
矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood
矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace
5.5 烧结与球团人造块矿ore agglomerates
烧结矿sinter
压块矿briquette
球团[矿] pellet
针铁矿goethite
自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore
复合铁矿complex iron ore
块矿lump ore
粉矿ore fines
矿石混匀ore blending
配矿ore proportioning
矿石整粒ore size grading
返矿return fines
储矿场ore stockyard
矿石堆料机ore stocker
匀矿取料机ore reclaimer
熔剂flux
消石灰slaked lime
活性石灰quickened lime
有机粘结剂organic binder
烧结混合料sinter mixture
烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter
烧结sintering
烧结热前沿heat front in sintering
烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering
渣相粘结slag bonding
扩散粘结diffusion bonding
带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine
环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine
烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt
烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace
烧结盘sintering pan
烧结锅sintering pot
烧结冷却机sinter cooler
带式冷却机straight-line cooler
环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler
生球green pellet,ball
生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence
生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering
生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation
精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates 生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet
生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet
生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet 生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet 圆筒造球机balling drum
圆盘造球机balling disc
竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing
带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing
链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing 环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing
冷固结球团cold bound pellet
维式体wustite
铁橄榄石fayalite
铁尖晶石hercynite
铁黄长石ferrogehlenite
铁酸半钙calcium diferrite
铁酸钙calcium ferrite
铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite
锰铁橄榄石knebelite
钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite
钙铁辉石hedenbergite
钙铁榴石andradite
钙长石anorthite
钙镁橄榄石monticellite
钙钛矿perovskite
硅灰石wollastonite
硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate
硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate
镁橄榄石forsterite
镁黄长石akermanite
镁蔷薇辉石manganolite
钙铝黄长石gehlenite
钛辉石titanaugite
枪晶石cuspidine
预还原球团pre-reduced pellet
金属化球团metallized pellet
转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test
落下试验shatter test
5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making
高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process
高炉blast furnace
鼓风炉blast furnace
炉料charge, burden
矿料ore charge
焦料coke charge
炉料提升charge hoisting
小车上料charge hoisting by skip
吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket
皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer
装料charging
装料顺序charging sequence
储料漏斗hopper
双料钟式装料two-bells system charging
无料钟装料bell-less charging
布料器distributor
炉内料线stock line in the furnace
探料尺gauge rod
利用系数utilization coefficient
冶炼强度combustion intensity
鼓风blast
风压blast pressure
风温blast temperature
鼓风量blast volume
鼓风湿度blast humidity
全风量操作full blast
慢风under blowing
休风delay
喷吹燃料fuel injection
喷煤coal injection
喷油oil injection
富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment 置换比replacement ratio
喷射器injector
热补偿thermal compensation
焦比coke ratio,coke rate
燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate
氧化带oxidizing zone
风口循环区raceway
蒸汽鼓风humidified blast
混合喷吹mixed injection
脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast
炉内压差pressure drop in furnace
煤气分布gas distribution
煤气利用率gas utilization rate
炉况furnace condition
顺行smooth running
焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio
软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone
渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio
上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning
下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning
高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace 休风率delay ratio
高炉寿命blast furnace campaign
悬料hanging
崩料slip
沟流channeling
结瘤scaffolding
炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up
开炉blow on
停炉blow off
积铁salamander
炉型profile,furnace lines
炉喉throat
炉身shaft,stack
炉腰belly
炉腹bosh
炉缸hearth
炉底bottom
炉腹角bosh angle
炉身角stack angle
有效容积effective volume
工作容积working bolume
铁口iron notch, slag notch
渣口cinder notch, slag notch
风口tuyere
窥视孔peep hole
风口水套tuyere cooler
渣口水套slag notch cooler
风口弯头tuyere stock
热风围管bustle pipe
堵渣机stopper
泥炮mud gun,clay gun
开铁口机iron notch drill
铁水hot metal
铁[水]罐iron ladle
鱼雷车torpedo car
主铁沟sow
出铁沟casting house
铁沟iron runner
渣沟slag runner
渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle
撇渣器skimmer
冷却水箱cooling plate
冷却壁cooling stave
汽化冷却vaporization cooling
热风炉hot blast stove
燃烧室combustion chamber
燃烧器burner
热风阀hot blast valve
烟道阀chimney valve
冷风阀cold blast valve
助燃风机burner blower
切断阀burner shut-off valve
旁通阀by-pass valve
混风阀mixer selector valve
送风期on blast of stove,on blast
燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas
换炉stove changing
放散阀blow off valve
内燃式热风炉Cowper stove
外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove 顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove
炉顶放散阀bleeding valve
放散管bleeder
上升管gas uptake
放风阀snorting valve
均压阀equalizing valve
高压调节阀septum valve
炉顶高压elevated top pressure
铸铁机pig-casting machine
铸铁模pig mold
冲天炉cupola
水渣granulating slag
水渣池granulating pit
渣场slag disposal pit
高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas
高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR
非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making
直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making
直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI
竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace
流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making
转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making
米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex process
HYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process
克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making 熔态还原smelting reduction
铁溶法iron-bath process
科雷克斯法COREX process
生铁pig iron
海绵铁sponge iron
镜铁spiegel iron
清铁法H-rion process。