鲁教版初一英语下册第四单元知识点

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Unit4 What time do you go to school?
学习目标
1.重点单词、词组用法讲解,学以致用。

2.句型、语法分析,掌握时间表达及一般现在时的用法。

3.用when和what time 引导的特殊疑问句询问时间和时间的表达法;用所学的教育目标语
言对生活和学习活动做计划,学会合理的安排作息时间。

导入新课
一、词汇复习----见课本词汇表
(一)默写下列单词
1. 向上
2. 刷,刷净
3. 牙齿
4. 沐浴
5. 通常地
6.四十
7.从不,绝不8.早的9.五十
10.工作11.电视台12. 夜晚
13. 奇怪的14. 锻炼15.最好的
16. 组,群17.晚于18. 一刻钟
19.家庭作业20.打扫;干净的21.很快地
22.或者,也23.有时,间或24. 生命,生活
25.穿衣服26.穿上衣服27.......点钟,整点
28.在周末29.晚于30.跑,奔
31.行走,步行32.品尝,味道33.要么........,要么........
(二)重点短语
1. 起床____ _____
2. 去上学___ _______
3. 穿衣服_______
4. 刷牙__ ______
5. 吃早餐_________
6. 洗澡_ _____
7. 大量8. 散步__ ____
9. 因…….迟到10.需要做某事
11. 广播台____ _____ 12.有时间做某事___ _______
13. 做家庭作业_______ 14. 从…..到……__ ______
15.吃晚饭_________ 16.打扫我的房间_ _____
1 7.保持好牙齿 1 8. 在周末__ ____
新知探究生成
一、重难点解析
1.What time do you usually take a shower, Rick?
【点拨】What time + do/does +主语+动词原形?句型,回答要用具体时间。

Eg: ----What time do you get up? ----I get up at six o’clock.
【拓展】What time 还可用来询问此刻的时间。

例如:What time is it? 现在几点了?
【辨析】
what time 提问具体时间、具体时刻。

when 提问大时间、笼统的时间,也可指小时间。

【练习题】1)你通常几点起床?
________ _________ do you _________ __________ _________?
2)我总是在七点钟去学校。

I _________ ________ ________ school _________ seven o’clock.
2.时间的表达:
钟点的正读法:先读小时,再读分钟;如需区分上下午,可在时间后加a.m或p.m
4:30p.m. 读作four thirty p.m.
钟点的倒读法:前半小时的读法:分钟数+past+分钟数;30分钟用half;15分钟用a quarter。

8:14读作fourteen past eight
后半小时读法:分钟数+to+未来的点钟数8:46读作fourteen to nine
3. half a(an)+名词单数:半个……
one and a half+名词复数形式:一个半……
half past…… 几点半……
4.o’clock的用法:指“…点钟”,用在整点之后。

Eg:six o’clock
5. quarter:一刻钟;四分之一。

一刻钟,即十五分钟
6.get dressed穿上衣服,表示“穿”的动作。

Eg: The little girl can get dressed. 这个小女孩会穿衣服。

①dress表“穿衣”,其后接人,不能接衣服。

而wear表“穿”,可接衣服、鞋袜等,表状态。

例如:I can dress myself at the age of four.
The girl often wears a red skirt.
get相关词组辨析:get up 起床;get on 上(车、船等);get off:下(车、船等);
give up:放弃
练习题:1). My good friend ________ a green jacket today.
A.wear
B. wears
C. gets dressed
D. dressed in
2)汤姆通常早上六点半穿衣服。

Tom usually ___________ ___________ at six thirty in the morning.
7. Scott has an interesting job. Scott有一份有趣的工作。

1)【辨析】
2) interested与interesting
【练习题】1. He works in ________ art company. It is ________ useful job.
A.a; an
B. an; a
C. an; an
D. a; a
②We have too much _______ to do today.
A.job
B. jobs
C. work
D. works
8. ..… so I’m never late for work.
【辨析】late 既可以作形容词,也可以作副词,意为“晚”,其反义词为early。

be late for 意为“迟到”。

Eg: He is sometimes late for school / class. 他有时候上学/ 上课迟到。

【练习题】1)我妈妈每天早晨都起床很早。

My mother gets up _________ __________every morning.
2) I ________ for class. A. don’t be B. am not be C. don’t late
9. For lunch, I usually eat hamburgers. 午饭,我通常吃汉堡包。

【解析】for lunch 意为“作为午饭”。

词组“have…for breakfast / lunch / dinner”可以说成“吃…
作为早餐/午餐/晚餐”。

也可以
10. fun与funny区别:
两者含以上有差别:funny表示“有趣的,滑稽的”,它指的是一种滑稽而可笑的“有趣”,侧重点是让人绝对好玩或发笑。

fun主要指“有趣,好玩”,不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。

It is more fun to go with someone than to go alone. 携伴同去比自己独自去好玩。

It’s funny to see a man walk with his hands and head.看见一个人倒立走路很滑稽。

11. go to bed 和go to sleep区别:
12.quickly,fast和soon的区别:
Eg:1)、The next morning, the teacher asked the boy, “ How did you find the answer so quickly?” 第二天早上,老师问这个男孩:“你怎么能够这样快找到了答案的呢?”
2)、You are always saying I am growing so fast. 你老是说,我长得很快。

3)、Soon they were in the middle of the river. 很快他们就到了河中间。

13. sometimes和sometime区别:
sometimes:有时;不时(频度副词)sometime:在某个时候(时间副词)
巩固新知
三、重点句子讲解
1. -What time is it now?-It’s about six-fourteen.现在几点了?大约六点十四分。

点拨:这是询问时间的常用句型,它的意思是:现在几点了?
询问时间还可以用:What is the time now? ;what's time now?;Do you know the time now? 回答的时候用It’s+数字。

如果是整点可以用o’clock也可以省略。

2. 如何表达时间
1)如果时间在整点可以用整点数+o’clock这种形式表达,有时候可以不用o’clock。

例如:It’s six o’clock now.
2)如果是几点几分,分钟不超过半个小时(包括半小时),可以直接用数字表示。

例如:6:11;也可以用介词past表示,past的前面是分钟,past的后面是钟点数,表示几点过了几分的意思。

例如;6:11 eleven past six 。

如果是15分钟可以用a quarter。

例如:7:15 a quarter past six ;如果是30分钟可以用half。

例如:6:30 half past six 。

3)如果是几点几分,分钟超过半小时,可以用介词to,to的前面是分钟(是差几分到下一点的分钟数字),to的后面是下一个点的数字。

例如:6:58 two to seven 。

3.In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.
晚上我要么看电视要么玩电脑游戏。

点拨:(1)either是连词,意为“或者”。

“either…or…”,表示“要么…要么…;或者…或者…”,连接两个并列成分,要遵循就近原则,即与最近的主语形式保持一致。

Eg: Either you or your brother has to help with the housework.
(2)either还可以作副词,意为“也”,只用于否定句后面,前面要加逗号。

Eg: He doesn’t like the book. I don’t like it, either.
【练习题】1)你可以星期三或星期四去那儿。

You can go there ________ on Wednesday ________ on Thursday.
2) Here is a ticket. ______ you ______ Jack can go to the movie tonight.
A. Either; or
B. Both; and
C. Neither; nor
D. Both; or
4. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.
在十二点,她会吃许多水果和蔬菜当午餐。

【点拨】:a lot of = lots of ,意为“大量的;许多的”,既可用来修饰可数名词复数,也可用来
修饰不可数名词。

【练习题】我的姨妈总是吃许多蔬菜。

My aunt always eats __________ _____________.
= My aunt always eats _______ _________ ____________.
= My aunt always eats _______ ________ ________ _____________.
5. She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good !
【点拨】(1) be good for…意为“对……有益”。

其反义词组为be bad for…意为“对……有害”。

Eg: Vegetables and fruit are good for our health.
(2) taste的用法:
①作系动词,意为“吃上去;吃起来;品尝”。

taste + adj. 意为“尝起来怎么样”,taste like + n. 意为“尝起来像”。

Eg: The food tastes nice. 这种食物尝起来不错。

②作名词,意为“味道;滋味”。

Eg: Sugar has a sweet taste. 糖有甜味。

【拓展】类似的感官动词还有:look(看上去),feel(感觉),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来)
练习题:(1)The idea sounds _____________.(好)
(2)早起对健康有益。

Getting up early ________ _________ _________ health.
(3) I don’t like the fruit. It ________.
A. taste good
B. tastes well
C. tastes terrible
D. tastes good
五、语法点拨:
(一)、关于一般现在时。

(语法重点)
(1)一般现在时态的意义是:
①表示现在的特征或状态。

如:He is at home today. 他今天在家。

②表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

常和频率副词always, often, usually及every day等表示时间的短语连用。

如:I go to school at 7:00 every day. 我每天7点钟去上学。

③表示主语具备的性格或能力。

如:She likes pears very much. 她非常喜欢梨子。

They speak English. 他们讲英语。

(2)肯定陈述句:当主语是第一、二和第三人称复数时,谓语动词用原形。

当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

例如:
①They stay at home on Sundays.
他们星期天呆在家。

②He does his homework in the evening.
他在晚上做作业。

(3)否定句:当主语是第一、二及第三人称复数时,否定句借助助动词do+not,当主语是第三人称单数时,否定句借用does+not,并将动词第三人称单数还原。

例如:
①They don’t stay at home on Sundays.
他们星期天不呆在家里。

②He doesn’t do his homework in the evening.
他晚上不做作业。

(4)疑问句:当主语是第一、第二及第三人称复数时,疑问句在句首加Do。

当主语是第三人称单数时,疑问句在句首加Does,并把谓语第三人称单数还原。

例如:
①Do they stay at home on Sundays?
他们星期天呆在家吗?
②Does he do his homework in the evening?
他晚上做作业吗?
回顾总结
让学生回顾总结本节课所学的内容,能够掌握本节课所学的单词和句型,熟练运用时间的表达方式,掌握一般现在时。

达标测评
一.句式转换。

1. Jack eats breakfast at home. (改为一般疑问句)______ Jack ______ breakfast at home?
2. Scott works very long hours every day. (改为否定句)
Scott ______ ______ very long hours every day.
3. He can do Chinese Kung Fu. (一般疑问句) _______ he _______ Chinese Kung Fu?
4. Tim usually goes to bed at 10:00. (提问) _______ _______ Tim usually _______ to bed?
5. I do homework at seven. (否定句) I _______ ________ homework at seven.
6. He often has lunch at school. (划线提问)_______ ________ he often ________ lunch?
7. They get home at 7:30 pm. (同义句)They get home at 7:30 ____ ____ _________.
二.用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. Let’s ______ (clean) the classroom.
2. He ______ (not go) to bed at 8:30.
3. She ______ (do) her homework at 7:00 in the evening.
4. Scott ________ (work) very long hours.
5. What time _______ you usually _____ (get) up?
6. His sister loves ________(play) the piano very much.
7. My father ________ (watch) TV in the evening.
8. Can Gina __________(swim), do you know?
9. Do you want ______________(know) about my school?
10. We have four __________(class) in the morning.
三.完成句子。

1.你的父亲七点钟去上班吗?______ your father ______ ______ ______ at seven?
2.你通常几点去睡觉?______ ______ do you usually ________ ________ ________?
3.请仔细地听老师讲课。

Please ______ ______ the teacher carefully(仔细地).
4.我的弟弟在下午做家庭作业。

My brother ______ ______ ______ in the afternoon.
5.你是什么时候到达合肥的?When do you ________ ______ Hefei?
6.请写信告诉我关于你们学校的事情。

Please _______ and _______ me_______ your school.
实战演练
一阅读理解
Please look at this old man in the photo. He is my father’s 16________, my grandfather. Every day h e is very 17________. He always has lots of things to 18__________. In the morning, he gets up ver y 19________. At about five o’clock, you can see 20_______ work in the field (田
地). At noon, he has no 21________ to go home. He usually 22_________ lunch in the field. His 23_ ________ is very simple (简单的) — only two buns (馒头). In the afternoon he goes to the town (城镇) to sell his vegetables. His vegetables are nice so people all 24______ them. In the evening, he get s home for dinner. 25______ dinner, he usually goes to bed early.
( )16. A. uncle B. cousin C. father D. brother
( )17. A. funny B. busy C. tidy D. old
( )18. A. make B. know C. do D. meet
( )19. A. late B. quickly C. well D. early
( )20. A. him B. her C. them D. it
( )21. A. job B. time C. room D. food
( )22. A. gets B. buys C. eats D. makes
( )23. A. answer B. lunch C. class D. habit
( )24. A. like B. taste C. see D. need
( )25. A. With B. For C. At D. After
二.书面表达。

根据提示,以My day为题,写出自己一天的活动安排。

起床 5:40 早饭 6:30 上学 7:30 上课 8:00 午饭 12:00 回家5:00pm
做作业 7:00pm 看电视 9:00pm 上床睡觉 10:00pm
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