职称英语卫生类C级-14_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

职称英语卫生类C级-14
(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)
第1部分：词汇选项
下面共有15个句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1.
The solid facts he provided in his speech left a deep impression on his audience.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A strong
B entire
C reliable
D hard
分值: 1
答案:C
[解析] 借助搭配结构语意“……的事实”判断答案C“可靠的”。

solid，adj．固态的，固体的，坚固的，可靠的；hard，adj．坚硬的，困难的，难的adv．努力地；艰苦地：强烈地：entire，adj．全部的，完整的。

2.
Ms Hawkins handles **pany's accounts.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A deals with
B deals in
C holds on
D holds out
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 利用组成成分的基本词义(deal，n．“交易”vi．“处理，应付”；hold，n．“把握，控制” vt．“拿着，保存”)猜测短语大意。

并借助句意“霍金斯夫人……公司的账户”判断答案是A。

deal with， v．安排，处理，涉及；deal in，v．经营；hold on，v．继续，不挂断；hold out，v．伸出，提供。

3.
This book embraces many subjects.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A adopts
B covers
C presses
D accepts
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 借助句意“这本书……许多主题”判断B“包括”是答案。

embrace，vt．拥抱，包括，包含；cover，vt．(常与with连用)盖；报导：adopt，vt．收养，采取；采用。

4.
I reserve the right to disagree.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A deserve
B keep
C perceive
D notice
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 借助句意“我……不一致的权利”判断答案是B“保留”。

reserve，v．保留；预订；预约；perceive，vt．察觉，感到，认识到；deserve，vt．应受，值得。

5.
It is very late; hence you must go to bed.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A from now on
B later
C elsewhere
D thus
分值: 1
答案:D
[解析] 借助句意“很晚了，……你必须上床睡觉了”确认答案D“因此”。

elsewhere，adv．在别处，到别处；from now on，adv．从现在开始。

6.
My sister has a talent for music.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A interest
B limitation
C dream
D gift
分值: 1
答案:D
[解析] 该句含义是“我的妹妹(姐姐)有音乐方面的才华”。

talent，n．天才，才干；interest，n．兴趣，关心，重要性，影响，利息，[常P1．]利
益，利害vt．使发生兴趣；limitation，n．限制，局限性；dream， v．做梦，梦见，梦想 n．梦，梦想；gift，n．赠品，礼物，天赋。

7.
If you are smart, you'd buy now before prices go up.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A clever
B elegant
C loyal
D brave
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] smart是多义词“聪明的，漂亮的，时髦的，相当大(多)的”，根据该句句意“如果你……，你应该在涨价之前购买。

”smart在句子中应该是“聪明的”，因此A“聪明的”是答案。

loyal， adj．(常与to连用)忠诚的，忠实的；elegant，adj．文雅的，端庄的；brave，adj．勇敢的。

8.
There's no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A enjoyment
B strength
C temper
D excitement
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 根据句意“整个晚上都玩牌没有什么意思”确认答案A“乐趣”。

strength，n．长处，优点；enjoyment，n．乐趣，享乐，快乐；temper，n．(钢等)韧度，回火，性情，脾气。

9.
I will try not to take up too much of your time.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A devise
B miss
C occupy
D catch
分值: 1
答案:C
[解析] 借助划线短语所在的搭配结构“……你太多的时间”，判断C“占用”是答案。

devise是“设计，制定”，miss是“没赶上(车子等)，错过”，catch 是“抓住，赶(火车等)”。

该句句意是“我将尽力不占用你太多的时间”。

10.
Beijing is a pleasant place with convenient transportation
**munication system.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A shocking
B pleasing
C boring
D surprising
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 该题考察常见词汇。

借助句子中出现的褒义结构convenient transportation **munication system(方便的交通和通讯系统)判断褒义词
B“舒适的，令人愉快的”是答案。

Shocking和surprising是近义词，都是“令人震惊的”，boring是“令人厌烦的”。

该句的大意是“北京有着方便的交通和通讯系统，是一个舒适的地方”。

11.
He is sure of a house-building boom after the new investment policies are put into practice.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A decrease
B increase
C influence
D preparation
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 注意到备选项A和B正好是正反项，所以重点注意。

借助句意“他相信在实施了新的投资政策后，在房屋建造方面一定会出现快速的增长。

”判断
B“增加”是答案。

decrease，n．减少，减少之量v．减少；influence，
n．影响，感化，势力，有影响的人(或事)vt．影响，改变；preparation，n．准备，预备。

12.
Three hours later he confessed that he had been involved in the attack.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A reported
B rejected
C admitted
D mentioned
分值: 1
答案:C
[解析] confess是“承认，供认”，该词与admit“承认，接受”是近义词。

report是“报告，汇报”；reject是“拒绝，抵制”：mention是“说起，讲到”。

该句的含义是“二个小时以后他承认自己曾参与了那次袭
击。

”(be)involved in…是“参与/卷入……”。

13.
The city was literally destroyed.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A obviously
B eventually
C actually
D likely
分值: 1
答案:C
[解析] 该句的含义是“这座城市实际上被摧毁了”。

literally，adv．照字义，逐字地，差不多，实际上； eventually，adv．最后；likely，adj．很可能的adv．或许，很可能：obviously，adv．明显地。

14.
I don't feel secure when I am alone in the house.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A safe
B pretty
C distant
D obvious
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 借助句意“当我一个人在家里的时候我感到小……”判断A“安全的”是答案。

secure， adj．安全的，可靠的；稳定的；pretty，adj．漂亮的；迷人的；可爱的；adv．相当；颇。

15.
He was said to have been removed from the position of manager for a recent conflict with an important customer.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
A dismissed
B released
C picked
D exposed
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 根据搭配结构“被从经理的职位上……”判断A“解职”是答案。

该句含义是“据说由于他最近与一个重要的客户之间发生了冲突，所以被解除了经
理的职位。

”dismiss，vt．解散，下课，开除；release，n．释放vt．释放，解放；pick，vt．摘，挑选；expose，vt．使暴露，受到，使曝光。

第2部分：阅读判断
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。

Smoking
Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.
Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.
Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all **ponents from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
1.
It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 该题考察考生的推断/或总结概括能力。

利用hazardous(问题句中的修饰词)作为答案线索词，这样找到答案相关句：Since 1939，numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health
hazard(hazardous的名词形式)。

该句说“自从1939年以来，已经进行了许多次实验以确定是否吸烟会对健康造成危害。

”因此可以推断出判断“吸烟是否有害”并不容易。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
2.
Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 借助常识判断该句说法正确，因此答案可能是正确或没提到(提示：违背我们常识和 /或背景知识的内容往往都是错误的)。

利用题干中life expectancy(新信息)作为答案线索词，直接在文章中找到答案相关句：Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy．该句说“研究小组所做出的研究结果都表明吸烟与寿命的缩短有关，这些研究结果不容质疑。

”该句内容与问题句的说法一致，因此答案为正确。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
3.
Smoking may induce lung cancer.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 借助背景知识判断该句说法正确，因此推测答案可能是正确或没提到。

利用题干中的“lung cancer”(特征词)作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到答案相关句：Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related
to cancer of some other organs of the body．划线结构的内容说“从事这一领域研究的大部分研究工作者都认为吸烟是导致肺癌的一个重要因素。

”因此判断问题句的说法正确。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
4.
There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:C
[解析] 利用题干中的“breast cancer”(特征词)作为答案线索词，没有在文章中找到包含该答案线索词的句子，所以判断问题句的说法为“没提到”。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
5.
Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 该题考察考生的推断能力。

利用题干中的“heart disease，male smokers，female smokers” (特征词)作为答案线索词，这样找到答案相关句：Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males．Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply．以上两句说“男性烟民死于心脏病的概申高于男性不吸烟者。

女性烟民被认为受到较小的影响，因为她们不会像男性烟民那样把烟深深地吸入肺里。

”综合这两句内容可以得出的结论应该是“女性烟民死于心脏病的概率要低于男性烟民”，因此判断问题句的说法不正确。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
6.
Nicotine is poisonous.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:A
[解析] 借助背景知识判断该句说法正确，因此推测答案可能是正确或没提到。

利用题干中的“Nicotine”(特征词)作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到答案相关词句：There is also nicotine， which is powerful poison，and black tar(焦油)．该题考察考生对非限制定语从句的理解。

which
is powerful poison是非限制定语从句，修饰前面的名词Nicotine，该从句的内容是“有着很强的毒性的(尼古丁)”，因此判断问题句的说法正确。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
7.
Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.
A
A. Right
B
B. Wrong
C
C. Not mentioned
分值: 1
答案:B
[解析] 利用题干中的Filters“过滤器”和“low tar tobacco(低焦油)”作为答案线索词，这样在文章中找到直接答案相关句：Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce，not eliminate the hazards．该句说：“但是它们(过滤器和低焦油)只能稍微减少吸烟的危险，而不能消除吸烟的危险”，因此判断问题句“过滤器和低焦油使吸烟更加安全”不正确。

因为“过滤器和低焦油使吸烟更加安全”这种说法的言外之意就是“吸烟本身是安全的，而过滤器和低焦油能使吸烟更加安全”，显然这与文章的主题——“吸烟有害健康”不一致。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案写在相应的位置上。

Health Education
Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. A person's behavior may be the main cause of a health problem, but it can also be the main solution.
This is true for the teenager who smokes, the mother with the poorly nourished (营养) child, and the butcher (屠夫) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their behavior these individuals can solve and prevent many of their own problems.
Health education does not replace other health services, but
it is needed to promote the proper sue of these services. One example of this is immunization(免疫): scientists have made many vaccines (疫苗) to prevent diseases, but this achievement is of no value unless people go to receive immunization.
Health education encourages behavior that promotes health, prevent illness, cures disease and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals, families, groups, organizations, **munities are at the heart of health education programs. Thus there are many opportunities for practicing health education.
Health education is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education, but health education must also address the other factors that affect health behavior such as availability (可获性) of resources, effectiveness of community leadership, social support from family members, and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve their health. Health education is incomplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselves.
Also, in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work with families, communities, and even regional authorities to make sure that resources and support are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life.
SSS_FILL
1.
Paragraph 2_____.
分值: 1
答案:B。

[解析] 段首句中出现转折用词but引导的结构(提示：段落开始部分/段落结尾部分出现的，由however, nevertheless，but等词引导的结构往往直接揭示出所在段落的中心内容)，该词的出现暗示我们只用看该词所引导的分句内容：Health education does not replace other health services，but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services．划线句说“人们需要健康教育促进对这些服务机构的合理使用”，句子的前面部分还出现了选项
B中的核心短语“other health services”，结合划线句的句意和词语的呼应，判断B是答案。

SSS_FILL
2.
Paragraph 3_____.
分值: 1
答案:E。

[解析] 段首句中出现选项E的核心结构“encourages behavior”，因此判断E值得重点注意。

段首句说“健康教育鼓励促进健康，防病治病，促进康复的行为”。

这个句子的句意正好与E“鼓励用利于健康的行为”的内容一致，因此判断E是答案。

提示：段首句和段未句的句意往往可能就是其所在段落的主题句/中心句。

SSS_FILL
3.
Paragraph 4_____.
分值: 1
答案:F。

[解析] 在段落第2句中发现了转折词but，而且在其引导的句中发现了与F相对应的信息： address the other factors that affect health behavior，因此可以直接判断F是答案。

SSS_FILL
4.
Paragraph 5_____.
分值: 1
答案:C。

[解析] 该段中没有出现A中的核心词“immunization”，因此A不是答案，因此答案只有C。

提示：可以把所给小标题中的核心词在指定段落中进行对应性的查找，如果段落中没有出现该核心词及其近义词/结构，则可以判断该备选项一定不是该段的段落小标题。

SSS_FILL
5.
Promoting healthy behavior is the goal of_____.A. disease prevention
分值: 1
答案:B。

[解析] 利用“Promoting healthy behavior”作为答案线索词，这样在文章第1句找到直接答案相关句：Health education is the part of health care that it concerned with promoting healthy behavior．
SSS_FILL
6.
Immunization contributes to_____.
分值: 1
答案:A。

[解析] 该题可直接借助常识判断答案。

SSS_FILL
7.
Health education cannot take the place of_____.
分值: 1
答案:E。

[解析] 利用“Health education”作为答案线索词，并注意文章中表达take the place of含义的词语和句子，这样在第2段的段首句：Health education does not replace(“take the place of”的近义词) other health services 直接找到答案。

SSS_FILL
8.
Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for_____.
分值: 1
答案:C。

[解析] 该题题十中的用词与第5段的大意呼应，这样直接在第5段找答案线索。

可以用排除法：F中的“疫苗”在该段中根本没有出现，D和C是正反项，根据常识判断C合理。

第4部分：阅读理解
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

第一篇
New Foods and the New World
In the last 500 years, nothing about people--not their clothes, ideas, or languages--has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the "Potato Famine (饥荒)" of 1845--1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the "wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
1.
According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A Food.
B Clothing.
C Ideology.
D Language.
分值: 3
答案:A
[解析] 围绕中心(文章标题中的用词“新食物”)直接判断答案；也可利用题干中的特征结构“the last 500 years”作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到直接答案相关句：In the last 500 years，nothing about people—not their clothes，ideas，or languages—has changed as much as what the year．该划线句况“在人们的生活中没有东西所发生的变化像人们所吃的食物变化大”。

因此答案是A。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
2.
"Some" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to_____.
A some cocoa trees
B some chocolate drinks
C some shops
D some South American Indians
分值: 3
答案:C
[解析] 对代词的考察题，需要先借助代词在句子中的搭配结构内容，判断代词指代的内容；然后再利用前面语句的内容和词语使用特点，判断答案。

因为与主语some搭配的结构(谓语)是“存在”，因此答案只能出自前三个选项(人不能说“存在”)。

前一句中只涉及到了B和C的内容，因此答案只能来自B和C 之中。

前句内容是“在伦敦，卖可门饮料的商店变成了重要的会客场所。

”因此判断some应该指代“商店”。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
3.
Thousands of Irish people starved during the "Potato Famine" because_____.
A they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else
B they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America
C the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes
D the potato harvest was bad
分值: 3
答案:D
[解析] 利用题千中的特征结构“Potato Famine”作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到直接答案相关句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during
the“Potato Famine(饥荒)”of 1845—1846，and thousands more were forced to leave their home land and move to America．划线结构说“从1845年到1846年出现了马铃薯荒，数以千计的爱尔兰人因为庄稼(马铃薯)歉收而饿死了。

”因此判断D是答案。

fail，vi．vt．失败；不及格，无法做到：(作物)歉收
e．S．He failed(in)his English examination．他的英语考试不及格。

e．g．Last year the crops failed．去年农作物歉收。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
4.
Which country is the largest coffee producer?
A Brazil.
B Colombia.
C Ethiopia.
D Egypt.
分值: 3
答案:A
[解析] 利用题干中的特征结构“largest coffee producer”作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到直接答案相关句：Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee，and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries．判断A是答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
5.
Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?
A One third of the world's population drinks coffee.
B Coffee is native to Colombia.
C Coffee can keep one awake.
D Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.
分值: 3
答案:B
[解析] 分别利用备选项中的核心词或特征词(A：One third：Colombia；C：awake；D： Arabs)作为线索，这样快速找到答案相关句：But it is native to Ethiopia，a country in Africa(B错)．该句说：咖啡的原产地是Ethiopia，不是Colombia，因此B错误。

Be native to…“是……土产的”
e．g．Banana is native to Taiwan．“香蕉是台湾的土产品。

”
第二篇
Common-cold Sense You can't beat it, but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name "common cold" because it's **mon in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses, and, at least so far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.
Children are the **mon way cold viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults--an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses.
There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it--but only it.
Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or
coughing. From another person's hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the **mon route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces.
Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds.
But even careful hygiene won't ward off. every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose strikes?
The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to start. But you'll also find some of the folk remedies...Hot mixtures of sugar (or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.
rhinovirus n.鼻病毒
immune adj. 免疫的,有免疫力的
disinfectant n. 消毒剂,杀菌剂
sneeze vi. 打喷嚏
thumbnail n.拇指
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
6.
According to the essay, you may have a cold because______.
A the weather is too cold
B the spread of rhinoviruses gets people infected
C another person's coughing passes the cold to you
D you wash your hands too often
分值: 3
答案:B
[解析] 第一段虽然提到了感冒常发生于冬天，但紧接下去说得很清楚：受凉并不导致感冒，所以A不是正确答案。

文章第四段第一句说得明白：感冒通常是与感冒的人身体直接接触而传染的，而不是由打喷嚏或咳嗽传染的，所以C项也不是正确答案。

至于D更是错误。

答案B与第一段第三句的意义相吻合，因此是正确答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
7.
The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is______.
A to keep yourself clean
B to use a disinfectant soap
C to take two aspirins every day
D to drink lots of water
分值: 3
答案:A
[解析] 第五段的第一句话“Hygiene is your best defense”意思是“卫生是你的最佳防御”，与 A项相吻合，因此A项是正确答案。

同一段中提到的用消毒肥皂洗手，虽然也是保持卫生的手段之一，但仪是一个具体措施，不是全部措施，所以B项不是正确答案。

C项提到的服阿司匹林是治感冒的手段之—，而非预防手段(况且没有说到“一天服两片”)。

D项提到的多喝水在文中也指治疗手段，所以C和D都不是正确答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
8.
Children have more colds because______.
A they are usually infected about eight times each year
B they are not immune to many cold viruses yet
C they never wash their hands so that their thumbnails are dirty
D they don't like eating lemon
分值: 3
答案:B
[解析] 第二段中提到儿童平均一年得八次感冒，这是一个统计数据而不是儿童得感冒的原因；文中并没有说“儿童从不洗手”；文中也没有说“儿童不喜欢吃柠檬”；所以A、C、D都不对。

B项与第二段最后一句意思一样，是正确答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
9.
When you are having a cold,______.
A it is always the same kind of cold that you had last time
B it may be the same kind of cold that you had last time
C it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had last time
D it is probably not the same kind of cold that you had last time
分值: 3
答案:C
[解析] 第三段提到有150种感冒病毒，而人们绝不会被同一种病毒侵害两次，因为得了一次感冒后对相应的病毒就获得了免疫力，所以只有C项才符合第三段的内容。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
10.
When one is having a cold, he may often have all the following symptoms EXCEPT______.
A coughing
B having a sore throat
C having a runny nose
D having a stomachache
分值: 3
答案:D
[解析] 本题谈的是文中提及的感冒症状。

文中并没有提到得了感冒就胃疼，实际上文中根本就没有“stomachache”这个词或相关的字眼，所以D项是正确答案。

第三篇
Pushbike Peril
Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure--or even kill--children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.
Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents." The task was to identify how the injuries occurred **e up with some countermeasures." she says.
By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and
identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees--but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen.
The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. "But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem." says Arbogast.
The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design A decision is expected later this year.
handlebar n(常用复数) (自行车等的) 车把
abdominal adj. 腹部的 redesign v. 重新设计
bioengineer n. 生物工程
师 reconstruct vt. 重建; 重构
countermeasure n. 对策abdomen
n. 腹部
momentum n. 冲
力handgrip n. 握柄damping adj. 制动的;减速的,缓冲的 commercialize vt. 使商品化
SSS_SINGLE_SEL
11.
According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because
A they are not noble enough
B they may kill children
C they are likely to crash
D they make the bike move at a low speed
分值: 3
答案:B
[解析] 借助常识判断A不是答案；利用题干中的核心词“engineers”和“handlebars”作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure-or even kill-children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars．So a team of engineers redesigning handlebar in a bid to make it safer．划线句说“车把手不安全会严重地伤害孩子，甚至杀死孩子，所以工程师们参加了竟标对车把进行重新设计，以使其更加安全。

”所以B是答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
12.
In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries______.
A to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occur
B to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents
C to point out what the countermeasures can be
D to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project
分值: 3
答案:D
[解析] 利用题干中的核心结构“serious abdominal injuries”作为答案线索，问题问及目的，所以注意段落中表示目的的句子/结构，这样找到答案相关句：Kristy Arobogast，a bioengineer at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents．The task was to identify how the injuries occurred **e up with some countermeasures．该划线结构表示目的，其含义是“辨别受伤是怎
样产生的，并想出一些应对措施”因此判断A和C错误。

在前面的划线结构的主要内容是“Kristy Arobogast开始做这个项目是在一项究有了结果以后，这项研究的结果表明在过去的30年里，超过1/3的儿童腹部受重伤的情况起源是自行车事故。

”因此判断D是答案 (告诉我们为什么Kristy Arobogast开始这个项目)。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
13.
Paragraph 3 mainly discusses______.
A why the children and their parents were interviewed
B when the children tom the handlebars through 90 degrees
C what causes the children to topple over
D how serious injuries occur
分值: 3
答案:D
[解析] 因为上段中提到了研究的目的是“辨别受伤是怎样产生的，并想出一些应对措施”，因此推断C和D可能是答案。

而该段的第1句(观点句)概述了全段的大意：By interviewing the children and their parents，Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries．(与D 呼应)而接下来的句子也是在具体说他们如何进行的实验： They discovered that…To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degree—…The bike then falls over and…因此D是答案。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
14.
The passage implies that______.
A it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design
B the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures
C children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed
D a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past
30 years
分值: 3
答案:A
[解析] 该题问从文章中能够推断出什么来，在论述文中往往在文章的开头和/或结尾处传递出文章的中心观点，因此注意文章结尾(文章开头的语句与备选项都没有关系，所以注意文章的结尾句)： The team has also approached the US consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design．(该句表明B错误)A decision is expected later this year．该划线句说“试图说服制造商”，因此推测出“说服制造商”不是一件容易的事情。

SSS_SINGLE_SEL
15.。