【科技英语】课件2
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voltage divider：分压器 load: (n.) 负载
Generally, resistors (Fig 2.1) consist of carbon composition, wire-wound, and metal film. The size of resistors depends on power ratings. Larger sizes are referred to as power resistors. Variable resistors are adjustable : rheostats, potentiometers, and trimmer pots. Precision resistors have a tolerance of 1% or less.
Can you “create” your own resistors? Of cause and not difficult. Here is how to do it. Draw a line on a piece of paper with a soft pencil, HB or 2HB will do fine. Make the line thick and about 2 inches(5cm)long. With your multimeter, measure the ohm’s value of this line by putting a probe on each side of the line, make sure the probes are touching the carbon from the pencil.
2.做状语
在主语前，表示目的，译作“为了，要”
To send radio waves, it is necessary to generate high frequency oscillations.
在句尾，表示目的，译作“来，以便于”，
Electricity can be used to run machines.
Unit 2 Electrical Components 电子器件
Index
Pre-reading 2. 1 Text 2. 2 Reading materials 2. 3 Exercises
Pre-reading
Read the following passage, paying attention to the question. What is a resistor? What is Ohm law？ What is a capacitor and what is a inductor?
可以自已制作一个电阻（器）吗？当然可以而且不难。这 时教你如何做一个电阻（器），用一支软铅笔（HB铅笔或 用2HB铅笔更好），在纸上画一段大约2英寸（5厘米）长， 粗一些的线。用万用表测量这段线的欧姆值，（方法是） 把万用表的两个探笔分别与铅笔线的两端相接触，一定要 让探笔与线段的碳接触。
multimeter： (n.) 万用表
Part of the books have arrived.
词组：take part in 意为“参加”
We are taking an active part in the reforms in various fields.
词组：play a part in 意为“在…中起作用” play …
一般来说，电阻器有碳（膜）电阻器，线绕电阻器和金属膜电阻器，电 阻器外形尺寸的大小与电阻器的（额定）功率有关，尺寸比较大的电阻 器通常称为高功率电阻器。可变电阻器是指其电阻值可调节的电阻器， 有：变阻器，电位器和微调电阻（位）器。精密电阻器是指其精度（相 对误差）在1%或更小的电阻器。
wire-wound：绕线 metal film：金属膜 power rating:额定功率 rheostat：(n.)变阻器 potentiometer: (n.) 电位器 trimmer pot: 微调电阻器
proportional： proportional：(adj.) 比例的，成比例的，相称的，均衡的
This is Ohm‘s law and can be expressed as a formula: I = U R R . The resistor is generally a linear device and its characteristics form a straight line when plotted on a graph.
这就是欧姆定律，可以用公式表示成。电阻器一般是 线性器件，它的（伏安）特性曲线形成一条直线。
formula: (n.) 公式 规则
Resistors are used to limit current flowing to a device, thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage dividers to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads. 电阻器常用作限流器，限制流过器件的电流以 防止器件烧坏，电阻器也可用作分压器，以减 小其它电路的电压，电阻还可构成晶体管的偏 置电路和作为电路的负载。
在句尾，表示结果，译作“从而，以致于”
Most elements are combined with others to form compounds.
构成固定词组或搭配
in order to do 为了； too…to do 太…以致于不能 so as to do 以便于，为了，以致于； so…as to do如此…以致于 such as to do 这样的以致于； such…as to do这样的…以致于 require (need)…to do需要…来； use…to do 用…来 sufficient (enough) to do 足以； be able to do能够 try to do设法，尽力试图； serve to do 适用于， 用来
2. 1 Text
2.1.1 Resistors 电阻 2.1.2 Capacitors 电容 2.1.3 Inductors 电感
2.1.1 Resistors
A resistor is an electrical component that resists the flow of electrical current. The amount of current (I) flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. 电阻器是一种电子器件，它能阻碍电流的流动。在 电阻器中流过的电流与加在电阻两端的电压成正比， 与电阻的阻值成反比。
在句子主语位置上可以放it作“形式主语”，而将动词 不定式放在句末。这个it无词义，不译作“它”
It is very important to apply theory to practice. It+系动词+表语+主语（不定式短语） It is now possible to convert sunlight directly into electricity. It+谓语（主要是take）+宾语+主语（不定式短语） It will take us a lot of time to solve this equation.
根据线的（粗细）电阻值大约在800千欧到1.5兆欧。如 果你擦掉一些线，电阻值就会变小。你也可以用含硅胶 的碳来制作电阻器，当硅胶干了以后测量其电阻值等。
silicon glue：硅胶
2.1.2 Capacitors
A capacitor is an electrical device that can temporarily store electrical energy. Basically, a capacitor consists of two conductors (metal plates) (Fig 2.3)separated by a dielectric insulating material, which increases the ability to store a charge.
语法：动词不定式(1)
构成：to+动词原型
to不是介词，仅标志动词不定式，本身无词义 to作为介词时+名词、代词或相当于名词的部分
形式：（科技文中常用的2种形式）
主动形式：to do 被动形式：to be done
语法功能
1.作主语
表示一件事，因此谓语必须为单数第三人称
To apply theory to practice is very important.
If you are a bit serious about the electronics hobby， I recommend learning the “Color Code”. It makes a lot easier. The same color code is used for everything else, like coils, capacitors, etc. Again, just the color code associated with a number, like: black=0 brown=1 red=2, etc. Fig 2.2 is an example.
如果你对电子技术颇有兴趣，建议学会“彩色条形码”电阻 的识别方法。这很容易，而且这种彩色条形码标注方法在其 它器件也适用，如线圈（电感），电容等。每条彩条表示一 个数字，如黑色=0，棕色=1，红色=2等，图2.2给出彩色条 形码电阻的例子。
coils： coils：(n.) 线圈
Fig 2.2 an example of resistor color code
Oxygen plays an important part in the reaction.
power的用法 在数学中为乘方，幂
the的6次方是64。 power
构成特定术语
horse power 马力 rated power 额定功率 1000-power microscope 千倍显微镜 power network 电力网 power switch 电源开关 power export 输出功率
词汇用法
term的用法
1.做名词，在科技文中表示 “术语”，“项” 2. 做动词，译作“把…称为”
This equation is termed Ohm’s Law. 同义词有：be called; be named; be known as; be referred to as
familiar的用法
The value would probably be around the 800K to 1.5M ohms depending on line. The resistance will drop, if you erase some of it. You can also use carbon with silicon glue and when it dries measure the resistance, etc.
1. A be familiar with B： A熟悉B
We are all familiar with these concepts.
2. A be familiar to B: A对于B来说是熟悉的。
These concepts are familiar to us.
part的用法
在科技文中做名词 意为“部分”
Generally, resistors (Fig 2.1) consist of carbon composition, wire-wound, and metal film. The size of resistors depends on power ratings. Larger sizes are referred to as power resistors. Variable resistors are adjustable : rheostats, potentiometers, and trimmer pots. Precision resistors have a tolerance of 1% or less.
Can you “create” your own resistors? Of cause and not difficult. Here is how to do it. Draw a line on a piece of paper with a soft pencil, HB or 2HB will do fine. Make the line thick and about 2 inches(5cm)long. With your multimeter, measure the ohm’s value of this line by putting a probe on each side of the line, make sure the probes are touching the carbon from the pencil.
2.做状语
在主语前，表示目的，译作“为了，要”
To send radio waves, it is necessary to generate high frequency oscillations.
在句尾，表示目的，译作“来，以便于”，
Electricity can be used to run machines.
Unit 2 Electrical Components 电子器件
Index
Pre-reading 2. 1 Text 2. 2 Reading materials 2. 3 Exercises
Pre-reading
Read the following passage, paying attention to the question. What is a resistor? What is Ohm law？ What is a capacitor and what is a inductor?
可以自已制作一个电阻（器）吗？当然可以而且不难。这 时教你如何做一个电阻（器），用一支软铅笔（HB铅笔或 用2HB铅笔更好），在纸上画一段大约2英寸（5厘米）长， 粗一些的线。用万用表测量这段线的欧姆值，（方法是） 把万用表的两个探笔分别与铅笔线的两端相接触，一定要 让探笔与线段的碳接触。
multimeter： (n.) 万用表
Part of the books have arrived.
词组：take part in 意为“参加”
We are taking an active part in the reforms in various fields.
词组：play a part in 意为“在…中起作用” play …
一般来说，电阻器有碳（膜）电阻器，线绕电阻器和金属膜电阻器，电 阻器外形尺寸的大小与电阻器的（额定）功率有关，尺寸比较大的电阻 器通常称为高功率电阻器。可变电阻器是指其电阻值可调节的电阻器， 有：变阻器，电位器和微调电阻（位）器。精密电阻器是指其精度（相 对误差）在1%或更小的电阻器。
wire-wound：绕线 metal film：金属膜 power rating:额定功率 rheostat：(n.)变阻器 potentiometer: (n.) 电位器 trimmer pot: 微调电阻器
proportional： proportional：(adj.) 比例的，成比例的，相称的，均衡的
This is Ohm‘s law and can be expressed as a formula: I = U R R . The resistor is generally a linear device and its characteristics form a straight line when plotted on a graph.
这就是欧姆定律，可以用公式表示成。电阻器一般是 线性器件，它的（伏安）特性曲线形成一条直线。
formula: (n.) 公式 规则
Resistors are used to limit current flowing to a device, thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage dividers to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads. 电阻器常用作限流器，限制流过器件的电流以 防止器件烧坏，电阻器也可用作分压器，以减 小其它电路的电压，电阻还可构成晶体管的偏 置电路和作为电路的负载。
在句尾，表示结果，译作“从而，以致于”
Most elements are combined with others to form compounds.
构成固定词组或搭配
in order to do 为了； too…to do 太…以致于不能 so as to do 以便于，为了，以致于； so…as to do如此…以致于 such as to do 这样的以致于； such…as to do这样的…以致于 require (need)…to do需要…来； use…to do 用…来 sufficient (enough) to do 足以； be able to do能够 try to do设法，尽力试图； serve to do 适用于， 用来
2. 1 Text
2.1.1 Resistors 电阻 2.1.2 Capacitors 电容 2.1.3 Inductors 电感
2.1.1 Resistors
A resistor is an electrical component that resists the flow of electrical current. The amount of current (I) flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. 电阻器是一种电子器件，它能阻碍电流的流动。在 电阻器中流过的电流与加在电阻两端的电压成正比， 与电阻的阻值成反比。
在句子主语位置上可以放it作“形式主语”，而将动词 不定式放在句末。这个it无词义，不译作“它”
It is very important to apply theory to practice. It+系动词+表语+主语（不定式短语） It is now possible to convert sunlight directly into electricity. It+谓语（主要是take）+宾语+主语（不定式短语） It will take us a lot of time to solve this equation.
根据线的（粗细）电阻值大约在800千欧到1.5兆欧。如 果你擦掉一些线，电阻值就会变小。你也可以用含硅胶 的碳来制作电阻器，当硅胶干了以后测量其电阻值等。
silicon glue：硅胶
2.1.2 Capacitors
A capacitor is an electrical device that can temporarily store electrical energy. Basically, a capacitor consists of two conductors (metal plates) (Fig 2.3)separated by a dielectric insulating material, which increases the ability to store a charge.
语法：动词不定式(1)
构成：to+动词原型
to不是介词，仅标志动词不定式，本身无词义 to作为介词时+名词、代词或相当于名词的部分
形式：（科技文中常用的2种形式）
主动形式：to do 被动形式：to be done
语法功能
1.作主语
表示一件事，因此谓语必须为单数第三人称
To apply theory to practice is very important.
If you are a bit serious about the electronics hobby， I recommend learning the “Color Code”. It makes a lot easier. The same color code is used for everything else, like coils, capacitors, etc. Again, just the color code associated with a number, like: black=0 brown=1 red=2, etc. Fig 2.2 is an example.
如果你对电子技术颇有兴趣，建议学会“彩色条形码”电阻 的识别方法。这很容易，而且这种彩色条形码标注方法在其 它器件也适用，如线圈（电感），电容等。每条彩条表示一 个数字，如黑色=0，棕色=1，红色=2等，图2.2给出彩色条 形码电阻的例子。
coils： coils：(n.) 线圈
Fig 2.2 an example of resistor color code
Oxygen plays an important part in the reaction.
power的用法 在数学中为乘方，幂
the的6次方是64。 power
构成特定术语
horse power 马力 rated power 额定功率 1000-power microscope 千倍显微镜 power network 电力网 power switch 电源开关 power export 输出功率
词汇用法
term的用法
1.做名词，在科技文中表示 “术语”，“项” 2. 做动词，译作“把…称为”
This equation is termed Ohm’s Law. 同义词有：be called; be named; be known as; be referred to as
familiar的用法
The value would probably be around the 800K to 1.5M ohms depending on line. The resistance will drop, if you erase some of it. You can also use carbon with silicon glue and when it dries measure the resistance, etc.
1. A be familiar with B： A熟悉B
We are all familiar with these concepts.
2. A be familiar to B: A对于B来说是熟悉的。
These concepts are familiar to us.
part的用法
在科技文中做名词 意为“部分”