2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Experts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.
Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!
Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.
Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.
While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!
1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?
A. Sheep.
B. Donkeys.
C. Cows.
D. Pigs.
2. How is the third paragraph developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By providing examples.
C. By listing data.
D. By asking questions.
3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Few people eat insects regularly.
B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.
C. Insects contain various vitamins.
D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.
B
As summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.
Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.
Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.
Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.
When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist, and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.
4. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?
A. He is an adventurous person by nature
B. He likes challenging himself by travelling
C. He enjoys travelling with other adventurers
D He needs others’ help when going on an adventure
5. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？
A. Going to different countries.
B. Going to unfamiliar places.
C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.
D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.
6. What will the author do this summer？
A. Explore Niagara Falls.
B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.
C. Camp out in upstate New York.
D. Hike and camp out in Maine.
7. Who is probably the author?
A. A high school student.
B. A college student.
C. A friendly guide.
D. A warm-hearted teacher.
C
What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
8. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A. diseases and aging
B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging
D. heart disease and war
9. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.
A. the Internet
B. medicine
C. brain cells
D. human organs
10. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A. heart disease will be far away from us
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
11. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A. Over 100 years.
B. More than 120 years.
C. About 150 years.
D. The passage doesn’t tell us.
D
Japan's prime minister encouraged the decision to ban viewers, even family members, by issuing a state of emergency order in Tokyo earlier this month in response to rising COVID-19 case numbers.
From the perspective of sports psychologists, an Olympics without fans is a real-life science experiment that is helping researchers and clinicians to comb through the true impact of a crowd of fans on its players—and on viewers at home. The strange circumstances under which the games are held may place unexpected pressure on some athletes. On Tuesday, superstar gymnast Simone Biles dropped out of the women's team event, telling teammates and reporters she wasn't in the right “headspace” to compete. “It's been really stressful this Olympic Games. There are a lot of different variables going into it,” Biles told the Washington Post.
The 2020 Summer Olympics bears similarities and differences to other major sporting events without viewers. The English Premier League supplemented (增加) game broadcasts with crowd noise from the soccer video game FIFA 20, mixed with game audio in real time. A Taiwanese baseball team and German soccer team began populating stands with cardboard cutouts of fans, and the trend caught on internationally.
Jamey Houle, the lead sports psychologist for Ohio State University Athletics and a former Al-American gymnast, says competitive athletes are trained in visualization— imagining performing a certain action or motion, such as doing a roundoff back handspring in gymnastics. Without moving a muscle, players using visualization can solidify neural (神经的) connections and activate their motor cortex (皮层). To visualize most effectively, Houle says, athletes working with sports psychologists will try to simulate as closely as possible the conditions of actual gameplay. Empty stadiums may thus have a measurable impact on players' performance. This phenomenon is
grounded in a psychological concept called “social facilitation”, referring to a change in a person's performance that occurs when others are around compared to when a person is alone.
12. What caused Biles to drop out of the women's team event?
A. The poor physical condition.
B. The absence of the audience.
C. The fiercely competitive event.
D. The influence of crowds of fans.
13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. The Taiwanese baseball team is a success.
B. The tendency mentioned is popular among some sporting events.
C. The 2020 Summer Olympics is stricter in preventing the pandemic.
D. The crowd noise plays a leading role in the English Premier League.
14. How does Houle explain the impact of empty stadiums on players' performance?
A. By doing a roundoff back handspring.
B. By simulating the conditions of actual gameplay.
C. By using the concept called social facilitation.
D. By changing the viewers of a player.
15. What message does the author mainly convey in the text?
A. Athletes should be trained in visualization.
B. Audience should be admitted to the Olympics.
C. Social facilitation is helpful to sporting events.
D. Viewers present may influence players' performance.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Six Solar Terms in Summer
Lixia
Lixia is the first solar term in summer, signifying the beginning of the hotsummer.____16____People usually consider Lixia as an important solar term. When it comes, the temperature rises obviously, and summer heat arrives, there is a remarkable increase in thunderstorms, and crops enter their peak season for growth.
Xiaoman and Mangzhong
During Xiaoman, summer harvest crops such as wheat already bear fruits, and their seeds are full though they are not ripe yet. Thus, the solar term is named Xiaoman. The solar term Xiaoman is in late May. Summer begins to reach all parts of the country. Rainfall begins to increase further. Mangzhong means, "wheat with awn （芒）should be harvested soon, and rice seeds with awn can be sown".____17____
Xiazhi
On the day of Xiazhi, the daytime in the Northern Hemisphere（半球）reaches its maxi-mum length.____18____At Xiazhi, though there is direct sunlight, it is not the hottest time in a year.
Xiaoshu and Dashu
____19____Xiaoshu is minor heat, which means it's not very hot. The weather is getting increasingly hot, but not the hottest moment yet. The crops in the entire country begin to grow rapidly, and this situation requires more intensive field management. Dashu is extreme heat. Compared to Xiaoshu, it's much hotter.____20____And it also marks the period with the fastest growth for crops which enjoy heat.
A. The charactershumeans heat.
B. It predicts the busy farming activities of farmers.
C. The temperatures rise and summer drought begins.
D. The more northern a place is, the longer its daytime is.
E. People need to prepare for heat prevention and cooling.
F. It means the end of spring, and the beginning of summer.
G. It marks the hottest period with the highest temperatures in a year.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项On Thursday morning, two teenage boys were rescued by a drone (无人机) in Australia while lifeguards were still training to use the machine.
The____21____, aged 15-17, got into difficulties about 700 feet off the coast of Lennox Head, New South Wales (NSW). A passer-by saw them____22____in dangerous waves. Lifesavers____23____sent the drone to drop a lifeboat, and the pair made their way safely to the____24____.
The drone, known as “Little Riper”, was actually not____25____to be saving anyone just yet—lifeguards were being trained to____26____the machine. When a call came through about the swimmers in____27____the drone happened to be nearby.
Jai Sheridan was the lifeguard who____28____the drone. He described the experience as____29____. “The Little Ripper____30____proved itself today. It is a highly efficient piece of lifesaving equipment. I was____31____the drone when the alarm was raised. I directed it towards the swimmers and dropped the____32____. With its support they made their way to safety. They were____33____, but not hurt. The teens were saved in just 70 seconds with the drone—while a lifeguard would have taken up to six minutes to____34____the rescue.”
John Barilaro, an official of the state,____35____the rescue as historic. “It was the world's____36____rescue by the unmanned airplane,” he said. “Never before has a drone been used to____37____swimmers like this.”
Last December, the NSW state government____38____some “Little Ripper” drones for 247, 000 pounds.____39____some are designed to spot sharks, others are____40____with lifeboats, alarms and loudspeakers. “It was money well spent,” said John Barilaro.
21. A. swimmers B. managers C. visitors D. passers-by
22. A. playing B. racing C. struggling D. training
23. A. finally B. secretly C. immediately D. gratefully
24. A. island B. ship C. hospital D. shore
25. A. recommended B. supposed C. allowed D. guided
26. A. get familiar with B. repair C. take care of D. power
27. A. charge B. place C. action D. trouble
28. A. flew B. brought C. checked D. designed
29. A. funny B. useful C. amazing D. important
30. A. necessarily B. basically C. probably D. certainly
31. A. studying B. piloting C. boarding D. inspecting
32. A. lifebelt B. lifeline C. lifeguard D. lifeboat
33. A. sick B. tired C. excited D. surprised
34. A. record B. complete C. experience D. report
35. A. thanked B. greeted C. imagined D. praised
36. A. latest B. best C. first D. quickest
37. A. save B. warn C. protect D. reward
38. A. offered B. bought C. booked D. made
39. A. Since B. Unless C. While D. Before
40. A. equipped B. connected C. covered D. filled
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Airplane seats beside the window are often the most wanted. One passenger couldn't sit beside a window, so the flight attendant（空乘）drew____41.____for him. Japanese Twitter Suke shared the story of the hand-drawn airplane window on the Internet
During a recent flight, the attendants went around and asked passengers____42.____they wanted anything to drink. The man____43.____（seat）beside Suke suddenly said, “Give me a window.” Nobody,____44.____, was willing to exchange seats with him. What followed next surprised Suke and other passengers. The man insisted and even began to shout____45.____（angry）at the attendant. The flight attendant left and later came back with a piece of paper in hand. This paper____46.____（stick）on the cabin wall beside the passenger____47.____demanded a window. It was then that Suke realized the flight attendant had done exactly what the passenger demanded____48.____drawing an airplane window. It even had a view of the ocean below and a couple of____49.____（cloud）in the sky. It might not have been a real window, but it was the best the cabin attendant could do at short notice to deal with the passenger's_____50._____（reasonable）demand.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.短文改错
Last Saturday, I wanted very much to see a film together with my brother after supper. On my way to the cinema, we happen to meet an American named Peter, who had lost his way, looked worried. When he tell us that he wasn't able to find the hotel, we decided take him there. When we went to the hotel, we told of Peter the great changes that had taken place in our country in the past few year, and he told us a lot of things about the youths in the U.S.A. Although my brother and I missed a interesting film, we felt very happily, for we had not only helped Peter out of trouble and also learnt something from him.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。

现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇英语发言稿，主要内容如下：
1.简要描述俱乐部开展的一项与英语有关的主要活动：
2.谈谈你们开展该活动的收获。

注意：1.词数不少于120个；
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Boys and girls，
Today I’ll talk about our English club .
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __
That’s all . Thank you .
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. F 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. G
21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32.
D 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A
41. one
42. if/whether
43. seated 44. however
45. angrily
46. was stuck
47. who/that
48. by 49. clouds
50. unreasonable
51.(1). my→our/the
(2). happen→happened
(3). looked→looking
(4). tell→told
(5). take前面添加to
(6). 去掉of
(7). year→years
(8). a→an
(9). happily→happy
(10). and→but
52.略。